CN110218826B - Method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal carbon - Google Patents

Method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal carbon Download PDF

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CN110218826B
CN110218826B CN201910631731.9A CN201910631731A CN110218826B CN 110218826 B CN110218826 B CN 110218826B CN 201910631731 A CN201910631731 A CN 201910631731A CN 110218826 B CN110218826 B CN 110218826B
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blast furnace
biomass
coal
hydrothermal
injection
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CN110218826A (en
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王广伟
王川
张建良
宁晓钧
梁旺
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
    • C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
    • C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and particularly discloses a method for carrying out blast furnace injection on biomass hydrothermal carbon, which solves the problem of optimal utilization of biomass resources in a blast furnace injection processMeanwhile, the method can also be used for preparing hydrothermal carbon by carrying out hydrothermal treatment on waste plastics, waste rubber and other municipal combustible solid waste, and can be efficiently applied to determining the blast furnace injection scheme. The method considers the influence of biomass hydrothermal carbonization treatment and the influence of milling, conveying and blowing of biomass hydrothermal carbon on the key process parameters of blast furnace smelting, and forms a set of optimal utilization method for blast furnace blowing of biomass hydrothermal carbon. The invention carries out systematic analysis aiming at different biomass hydrothermal carbons, takes the blast furnace smelting smooth behavior as an important assessment index, realizes the safe and efficient biomass hydrothermal carbon injection of the blast furnace, improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of biomass resources, and reduces the CO production in iron-making production2And (4) discharging the amount.

Description

Method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal carbon
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking, and particularly relates to a method for carrying out blast furnace injection on biomass hydrothermal carbon.
Background
Coal belongs to non-renewable resources, the environment is greatly polluted in the mining and using processes, and the mining and utilization of a large amount of coal resources have adverse effects on the sustainable development of the environment, resources, economy and society in China. In order to promote ecological civilization construction and green development, the state carries out macroscopic regulation and control on the policy level, and the ecological civilization construction and the green development are promoted comprehensively from the aspects of newly-increased coal capacity control, backward capacity closing, total coal consumption control, development of clean and efficient coal utilization and the like. As a large coal consumption household, the iron and steel enterprises consume nearly 4 hundred million tons of coal each year, which accounts for more than 10% of the total coal consumption, and the coal consumption in the blast furnace iron-making process accounts for the largest proportion, so that the reduction of the coal consumption in iron-making production has important significance for promoting the green development of the iron and steel industry.
The technology of injecting coal powder into a blast furnace is one of important technologies for reducing production cost and reducing total pollutant emission in blast furnace iron making, and is widely adopted by blast furnace iron making enterprises at present. At present, the coal injection amount of advanced blast furnaces at home and abroad reaches the level of 150-plus-200 kg/tHM, and part of blast furnaces even break through 250kg/tHM, so that the coal powder consumption in the blast furnace smelting process exceeds the coke consumption, a large amount of high-quality coke coal resources are saved, and an important supporting effect is played for improving the competitiveness of the blast furnace iron-making technology. The current blast furnace blowing coal dust comprises one or more mixed coal dust of bituminous coal, anthracite, lean coal, upgraded coal, semi-coke, coke powder and other available carbon-containing fuels, and the mass of the coal dust with the requirement of the granularity of the coal dust sprayed into a blast furnace tuyere for combustion being less than 0.074cm accounts for more than 70 percent of the mass of the whole coal dust.
China has abundant biomass resources, the annual output of agricultural and forestry residues is 20.29 hundred million tons, and the quantity of the biomass which can be used for biomass production is 13.24 million tons (converted into 3.82 million tons of standard coal). The biomass is used as a carbon-neutral energy source, and if the biomass can be applied to blast furnace ironmaking production, the consumption of coal resources in steel production can be effectively reduced, and pollutants and CO in steel production can be reduced2The emission and the realization of green development have important significance. Common biomass mainly comprises residues of wheat, rice, corn, potatoes, oil plants, cotton, sugarcane and other crops after harvesting seeds, non-formed trees, branches, roots, peels, fruit pits and other forestry wastes, and the common biomass is mainly treated by placing, burning and the like. In addition, biomass fuel crops for the purpose of fuel production and utilization are also included.
The components of the biomass mainly comprise cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and the like, the defects of high moisture content, fixed carbon, low calorific value and low energy density exist generally, particularly the content of alkali metal in the biomass is high, and the alkali metal is an extremely harmful element for blast furnace smelting, so that the biomass cannot meet the basic performance requirement of the blast furnace blowing technology. Meanwhile, most common agricultural and forestry wastes in the biomass have strong toughness, and are difficult to crush to the grain size of less than 0.074cm by using a coal mill (medium-speed mill and ball mill) commonly used for blast furnace iron making. Therefore, in order to efficiently apply the biomass to blast furnace injection production, the biomass upgrading technology is firstly adopted to reduce the moisture and volatile content in the biomass, improve the energy density of the biomass, and simultaneously improve the crushing performance of the biomass, so that the biomass can be crushed by using the existing coal mill of an iron mill, a biomass crusher is not required to be specially purchased, and the investment cost is saved.
A method for blowing biomass into a blast furnace has been reported, for example, in patent 1 (application No. 201711269435.6), a method for blowing biomass into a blast furnace instead of pulverized coal is disclosed, wherein dried biomass raw materials such as straws and the like are extruded and molded to obtain a mechanism rod, the mechanism rod is pyrolyzed and carbonized by a carbonization furnace at the temperature of 300-. Patent 2 (application No. 201080048896.0) biomass utilization method in blast furnace, using dry distillation method to carbonize biomass, crushing the biomass coke obtained by dry distillation together with coal powder, and blowing the crushed material into the blast furnace from the tuyere as blast furnace injection fuel, the method improves the heat value of biomass, improves the air flow transmission performance, and can adopt the existing blast furnace injection equipment. Patent 3 (application number: 201510451357.6) discloses a method for adding waste wood by blowing in a blast furnace, aiming at the characteristics of the waste wood in the aspect of combustion performance, the waste wood is used as auxiliary fuel for blowing in the blast furnace after being sorted, cleaned, dried and crushed, so that the centralized and efficient reutilization of solid wastes is realized, and the problem of secondary pollution in the treatment process of the solid wastes is avoided.
Document 1 (experimental research on the use of peanut shell biochar in li rushing and peanut shell biochar as a blast furnace injection fuel, university of wuhan science and technology, 2018) uses agricultural biomass peanut shells as a raw material, adopts a pyrolysis device to prepare peanut shell carbon, and clarifies the feasibility of the peanut shell carbon that can be used as a blast furnace injection fuel through the analysis of metallurgical performance of the peanut shell carbon in blast furnace injection. Document 2 (Wangpeng, basic research on application of biomass semicoke to blast furnace injection, Beijing university of science and technology, 2018) researches the influence of pyrolysis preparation conditions on the metallurgical performance of biomass semicoke, and systematically analyzes the influence law of the biomass semicoke on the combustion performance of injected pulverized coal, the reaction performance of coke, the viscosity of slag and blast furnace smelting key parameters. Document 3 (Wang Guo Qiang, application research of agricultural and forestry waste injected by blast furnace, Wuhan science and technology university, 2013) takes biomass straws as research objects and performs experimental research, theoretical analysis andthe model calculation discusses the feasibility of blast furnace injection for treating agricultural and forestry waste, and the biomass injection in the blast furnace reduces pollution and CO2The discharge aspect has obvious advantages. However, the research of the above patents and documents does not provide an effective solution for limiting the difficulty in pulverizing and the high content of alkali metal faced by the large amount of injected biomass in the blast furnace, and does not relate to the improvement of the basic performance and the process performance of the blast furnace coal injection by carbonizing the biomass by a hydrothermal method, and there is no public report on the method of injecting biomass hydrothermal carbon into the blast furnace.
In the above patent and literature, the blowing of biomass into a blast furnace has the following problems:
(1) the biomass has high fiber content, and has the problems of high power consumption, low efficiency and high cost in mechanical crushing, and the biomass powder has high fiber length-diameter ratio and poor gas-solid conveying performance, and is easy to block pipelines and distributors in conveying, so that the biomass cannot be pulverized, conveyed and sprayed into a blast furnace by using the existing equipment of an iron-making plant;
(2) the biomass has high moisture and volatile matter content and low calorific value, the effect of replacing coke is poor when the biomass is injected by a blast furnace, and meanwhile, the theoretical combustion temperature of a tuyere is reduced, the gas quantity of a furnace belly is increased, and the normal production of the blast furnace is adversely affected;
(3) the method for preparing the biomass coke by pyrolyzing the biomass to blow the blast furnace can solve the problems of low heat value and difficult powder preparation, but the pyrolysis process can cause the enrichment of alkali metal, so that the content of the alkali metal in the biomass coke is far higher than that of coal powder, and the amount of the alkali metal brought by fuel can be increased when the blast furnace blows in a large amount, thereby deepening the degradation degree of ores and coke in the blast furnace and influencing the normal production of the blast furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
It is a primary object of embodiments of the present disclosure to provide a method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal char, which solves any of the above and other potential problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the disclosure discloses a method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal charcoal, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1) carrying out hydrothermal carbonization treatment on the biomass to prepare biomass hydrothermal carbon;
s2) crushing the mixture of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal into powder, and uniformly mixing the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal;
s3) the crushed and uniformly mixed mixture is uniformly sprayed into a blast furnace through a straight blowing pipe and an air port by a coal gun through a pulverized coal injection conveying and distributing system of the blast furnace of an iron works;
s4), after the mixture of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal is sprayed into the blast furnace, blast furnace smelting blast parameters are correspondingly adjusted so as to ensure that the high combustion rate of the injected fuel in front of a tuyere, the proper theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere and the coal gas quantity index of the furnace belly can ensure the normal production of the blast furnace.
Further, the biomass in S1) includes agricultural wastes, forestry wastes, livestock manure, sugar production waste residues, municipal organic wastes, paper making organic sludge and other wastes containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin produced in production and life by human beings.
Further, the hydrothermal carbonization temperature in S1) is 250-320 ℃, and the hydrothermal carbonization time is 30-60 min.
Further, the moisture content of the yielding base of the biomass hydrothermal carbon in S1) is lower than 15%, the Hastelloy index (HGI) of a dry base is larger than 50, the high-order heating value (HHV) of the dry base is larger than 20000kJ/kg, and the content of alkali metal in the dry base is lower than 0.4%.
Further, the moisture content of the base of the biomass hydrothermal carbon in S1) is lower than 12 wt%, HGI is more than 60, HHV is more than 23000kJ/kg, and the content of alkali metal in the dry base is lower than 0.3 wt%.
Further, the moisture content of the received base of the biomass hydrothermal carbon in S1) is lower than 8%, the HGI is more than 70, the HHV is more than 26000kJ/kg, and the content of the alkali metal in the dry base is lower than 0.2%.
Further, the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal in the step S2) are crushed and pulverized by a medium-speed mill, a ball mill and other coal mills in an iron plant, and the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal are conveyed to the coal mills together through a conveying belt to be crushed and pulverized. The medium-speed mill, the ball mill and other coal mills are all available in iron works.
Further, in the mixture of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal in S2), the mass percentage of the biomass hydrothermal carbon in the mixture is 0.1-60% relative to the total mass of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal.
Further, the uniform mixing of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal in the S2) is completed in the crushing process, and the mass ratio of particles with the particle size of less than 0.074mm in the crushed mixture is more than 70%.
Further, the blast furnace smelting blast parameters in S4) include the hot air temperature, the hot air oxygen enrichment rate, the hot air humidity and other blast operations for adjusting the combustion rate of the blast furnace injection fuel, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere and the coal gas quantity index of the furnace belly, wherein the hot air temperature is 1000-1300 ℃, the volume fraction of the hot air oxygen enrichment rate is 0.1-20%, and the volume fraction of the hot air water vapor content is 0.1-10%.
Further, in S4), the combustion rate of the injection fuel in front of the tuyere is more than 60%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is between 2000 and 2350 ℃, and the coal gas quantity index of the furnace belly is less than 70m/min, so that the stable and smooth production of the blast furnace under the condition of high-proportion injection of biomass is ensured.
The method can also be used for determining the blast furnace blowing scheme for preparing the hydrothermal carbon by carrying out hydrothermal treatment on waste plastics, waste rubber and other municipal combustible solid waste.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following characteristics
(1) Improve the milling, conveying and blowing performance of the biomass. The biomass is subjected to hydrothermal carbonization treatment, so that tough cellulose is decomposed to form brittle biomass hydrothermal carbon, the powder preparation performance of the biomass is improved, the coal-injection coal powder preparation equipment in an iron-making plant can be directly used for crushing, the aim of uniformly mixing the biomass hydrothermal carbon and coal powder is fulfilled in the crushing process, and the conveying and injection performance of mixed fuel is improved.
(2) The calorific value of the biomass is increased. The water content and the volatile content in the biomass can be reduced in the biomass hydrothermal carbonization process, the calorific value of the biomass hydrothermal carbon reaches the level of bituminous coal injected by a blast furnace, and the biomass hydrothermal carbon can be used as a part of fuel injected by the blast furnace to replace pulverized coal injected by the blast furnace.
(3) The content of alkali metal in the biomass is reduced. The alkali metal content can be reduced in the process of preparing biomass hydrothermal carbon by biomass hydrothermal treatment, and the problem that the alkali load of a blast furnace is greatly increased due to the mass injection of biomass and the adverse effect is generated on the smelting process of the blast furnace is solved.
(4) Promoting the smooth production of the blast furnace. The characteristics of biomass hydrothermal carbon are combined, blowing parameters are reasonably regulated and controlled, the combustion rate of mixed fuel injected in front of a tuyere is improved, the reasonable theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere and the coal gas quantity index of a furnace belly are controlled, and the stable and smooth production of a blast furnace is ensured.
(5) The invention can improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of biomass resources and simultaneously reduce the CO produced in iron-making2The discharge amount has obvious economic, social and ecological benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal carbon according to the present invention.
A, biomass raw materials, B, coking wastewater, C desalted circulating water, D condensed water, E flash tank high-pressure steam, F oil-water mixture, G biomass tar, H crude sylvite, I blast furnace gas, J combustion air, K high-temperature waste gas, L low-temperature waste gas, M biomass hydrothermal carbon, N bituminous coal, O anthracite, P biomass hydrothermal carbon and coal mixture, and Q high-pressure nitrogen;
the system comprises a pulverizer 1, a slurry storage tank 2, a high-pressure slurry pump 3, a preheater 4, a high-temperature hydrothermal carbonization reaction 5, a flash tank 6, a solid-liquid separation device 7, an oil-water treatment system 8, a combustion furnace 9, a coal bunker 10, a belt scale 11, a coal mill 12, a cloth bag powder collector 13, a main exhaust fan 14, a coal bunker 15, a blowing tank 16, a coal powder distributor 17 and a blast furnace 18.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and thus the scope of the present invention is more clearly and clearly defined. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the disclosure discloses a method for blast furnace injection of biomass hydrothermal carbon, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1) carrying out hydrothermal carbonization treatment on the biomass to prepare biomass hydrothermal carbon;
s2) crushing the mixture of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal into powder, and uniformly mixing the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal;
s3) uniformly spraying the mixture crushed and uniformly mixed in the step S2) into a blast furnace through a straight blowing pipe and an air port by a coal gun through a pulverized coal spraying conveying and distributing system of the blast furnace in an iron works;
s4) correspondingly adjusting blast furnace smelting blast parameters, theoretical tuyere combustion temperature and furnace belly coal gas quantity index to ensure normal production of blast furnace ironmaking.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the biomass in S1) includes agricultural wastes, forestry wastes, livestock manure, sugar production waste residues, municipal organic wastes, paper making organic sludge and other wastes containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin generated in production and life of human beings.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the processing device of the biomass hydrothermal carbon in S1) is a high-temperature hydrothermal carbonization reaction kettle, the hydrothermal carbonization temperature is 180-320 ℃, the working pressure is the autogenous saturated vapor pressure of the closed system, and the hydrothermal carbonization time is controlled to be 20-100 min.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the biomass hydrothermal charcoal in S1) has the base moisture lower than 15%, the Hastelloy index HGI of the dry base is greater than 50, the high-order heating value HHV of the dry base is greater than 20000kJ/kg, and the content of alkali metal in the dry base is lower than 0.4%.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, in the mixture of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal in S2), the mass percentage of the biomass hydrothermal carbon in the mixture is 0.1-60% relative to the total mass of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the biomass hydrothermal carbon and coal crushing and pulverizing in the step S2) are prepared by using a medium-speed mill, a ball mill and other coal mills.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the mass ratio of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.074mm in the mixture after crushing in S2) is more than 70%.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the blast temperature of the blast furnace in S4) is 1000-1300 ℃, the volume fraction of the oxygen enrichment rate of the hot blast is 0.1-20%, and the volume fraction of the water vapor content of the hot blast is 0.1-10%.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the combustion rate of the injection fuel in the S4 before the tuyere is more than 60%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2000-2350 ℃, and the index of the gas amount at the furnace belly is less than 70m/min, so as to ensure the normal production of the blast furnace.
Example (b):
an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1, a is biomass raw material, B is coking wastewater, C is desalted circulating water, D is condensed water, E is flash tank high-pressure steam, F is an oil-water mixture, G is biomass tar, H is crude potassium salt, I is blast furnace gas, J is combustion air, K is high-temperature waste gas, L is low-temperature waste gas, M is biomass hydrothermal carbon, N is bituminous coal, O is anthracite, P is a mixture of biomass hydrothermal carbon and coal, and Q is high-pressure nitrogen gas, biomass a is pulverized by a pulverizer 1, slurry is prepared in a slurry storage tank 2, pulping water may be one or both of coking wastewater B and desalted circulating water C in an appropriate ratio, the prepared slurry is pressurized and conveyed by a high-pressure slurry pump 3, the slurry is preheated in a preheater 4 for improving hydrothermal carbonization efficiency, the preheated slurry is conveyed through a pipeline into a high-temperature hydrothermal carbonization reaction vessel 5, the high-temperature and high-pressure slurry after completion of hydrothermal reaction is subjected to flash tank 6, carbonization treatment, the slurry is subjected to high-temperature steam cooling treatment to generate steam, the slurry is purified by a liquid-phase water-liquid-phase separation system, and potassium-liquid-phase separation system is performed, and water-liquid-phase separation is performed, and water-liquid-phase.
The biomass hydrothermal carbon M after filtration and dehydration is conveyed into a coal bunker 10 through a belt, the ratio of the biomass hydrothermal carbon to coal is weighed and determined by a belt scale 11, a mixed material P of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal is supplied into a coal mill 12 through a conveying belt to be crushed and powdered, the mixed powder of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal, which is collected by a cloth bag powder collector 13, is stored in a coal powder bunker 15, is conveyed to a pulverized coal distributor 17 of a blast furnace through a blowing tank 16 by taking high-pressure nitrogen Q as carrier gas, and is uniformly distributed and sprayed into a tuyere of the blast furnace 18 to be combusted, so that heat and a reducing agent are provided for blast furnace smelting. The blast furnace gas I and the combustion-supporting air J are combusted in the combustion furnace 9 to provide heating and drying heat sources for the high-temperature hydrothermal carbonization reaction kettle 5 and the coal mill 12.
An experiment of hydrothermal carbonization of biomass was performed using the apparatus shown in fig. 1, in which corn stover was used as the biomass. The results of the industrial analysis and the elemental analysis of the biomass used are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis results of waste poplar
Figure BDA0002128897770000101
The corn stalks in table 1 are crushed and pulped, then carbonization reaction is carried out in a high-pressure reaction kettle, the carbonization temperature and the carbonization time are changed to obtain the corn stalk hydrothermal carbon, and the obtained corn stalk hydrothermal carbon is subjected to industrial analysis, element analysis, heat value, Hardgrove grindability index and alkali metal content analysis, and the results are shown in tables 2 and 3.
TABLE 2 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis of hydrothermal charcoal of waste poplar
Figure BDA0002128897770000102
Figure BDA0002128897770000111
TABLE 3 analysis of the hydrothermal charcoal Ha's grindability index, calorific value and alkali metal content of waste poplar
Figure BDA0002128897770000112
It was confirmed from tables 2 and 3 that hydrothermal carbonization at 180 ℃ or higher for 20 minutes or longer gave a corn stalk hydrothermal char having a base moisture content of less than 13.47%, an HGI of 50 or higher, a HHV of more than 20000kJ/kg, and a dry base alkali metal content of less than 0.36%.
Conveying the prepared maize straw hydrothermal carbon to a coal bunker through a conveyor belt, weighing the maize straw hydrothermal carbon and coal powder through a belt scale, controlling the mass percentage of the maize straw hydrothermal carbon to be 30%, determining the HGI of the coal powder to be 75, controlling the HGI of the mixture of the maize straw hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder to be in the range of 62-77, and conveying the mixture to a medium-speed mill through the conveyor belt for milling and uniformly mixing. The method comprises the following steps of drying and crushing a mixture of corn straw hydrothermal carbon and coal powder (hereinafter referred to as blast furnace injection coal) in a medium-speed mill, wherein in order to ensure the sufficient drying of the blast furnace injection coal powder and the safety of a milling process, the temperature of dry hot flue gas at an inlet of the medium-speed mill is controlled at 220 ℃, the oxygen concentration is controlled at less than 7%, the yield of a medium-speed mill table is 25t/h, the air-coal ratio is controlled at 1.5, and the corn straw hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder are fully mixed in the milling process. The crushed blast furnace injection coal is brought to a coal powder separator at the upper part of the medium-speed mill by hot air, the coarse particles are separated and ground again, the fine-grained particles are brought to a cloth bag powder collector by the hot air to collect powder, and the blast furnace injection coal is dried by the hot air in the process.
In order to ensure the safety of powder collection, the oxygen concentration requirement of the outlet of the cloth bag dust collector is less than 12 percent, the mass ratio of the blast furnace injection coal powder collected by the cloth bag dust collector to the particles with the granularity of less than 0.074mm is 78 percent, the moisture content is 1.6 percent, the HHV is more than 29500kJ/kg, and the requirements of the blast furnace injection technology on the granularity and the moisture content are met.
The blast furnace injection pulverized coal collected by the cloth bag powder collector is stored in a pulverized coal bin, and the volume of the pulverized coal bin is 350m3The coal powder storage amount is 180t, and the requirement of a blast furnace for a material changing period of 8 hours can be met.
The pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace in the pulverized coal bin is injected into the blast furnace through an injection system, the injection system adopts the injection process of double-tank parallel-tank discharging, injection main pipe and single distributor in front of the furnace, nitrogen pressurization, fluidization and conveyor injection are adopted, the conveying solid-gas ratio of the pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace is 30kg (coal)/kg (nitrogen), and the conveying speed is 3.5 m/s. The volume of the blowing tank is 30m3The coal powder storage amount is 15t, the operation pressure is 1.8MPa, the distributor uniformly distributes the coal powder conveyed to the blast furnace from the main pipeline to 16 injection branch pipes, and the error between different branch pipes is less than 3.5%.
In order to ensure the high-efficiency utilization of the corn straw hot carbon blown by the blast furnace in front of the tuyere, the blast temperature in the blast furnace production is 1000 ℃, the volume fraction of the hot air oxygen enrichment rate is 0.1 percent, and the hot air water vapor content is 1.8 percent. The combustion rate of the blast furnace injection coal powder in front of the tuyere is detected to be 60%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2000, the index of the coal gas amount at the furnace belly is 53m/min, and the production of the blast furnace is stable and smooth.
Example 2
An experiment of hydrothermal carbonization of biomass was performed using the apparatus shown in fig. 1, in which waste poplar was used as biomass. The results of the industrial analysis and the elemental analysis of the biomass used are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis results of waste poplar
Figure BDA0002128897770000131
The waste poplar shown in table 4 was crushed and pulped, then subjected to a carbonization reaction in a high pressure reactor, the carbonization temperature and carbonization time were changed to obtain biomass hydrothermal charcoal, and the obtained hydrothermal charcoal of waste poplar was subjected to industrial analysis, elemental analysis, calorific value, haar grindability index and alkali metal content analysis, and the results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis of the hydrothermal charcoal of waste poplar
Figure BDA0002128897770000132
TABLE 6 analysis of the hydrothermal charcoal Ha's grindability index, calorific value and alkali metal content of waste poplar
Figure BDA0002128897770000133
Figure BDA0002128897770000141
It was confirmed from tables 5 and 6 that the hydrothermal carbonization treatment was carried out at 180 ℃ or higher for 20 minutes or longer, whereby a waste poplar hydrothermal charcoal having a received base moisture content of less than 14.22%, an HGI of 52 or higher, a HHV of 20033kJ/kg or higher, and a dry base alkali metal content of less than 0.24% was obtained. Conveying the prepared waste poplar hydrothermal carbon to a coal bunker through a conveyor belt, weighing the waste poplar hydrothermal carbon and coal powder through a belt scale, controlling the mass percent of the waste poplar hydrothermal carbon to be 10%, determining the coal powder HGI to be 68, controlling the HGI of a mixture of the waste poplar hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder to be in the range of 61-66, and conveying the mixture to a medium-speed mill through the conveyor belt for milling and uniformly mixing. The method is characterized in that a mixture of waste poplar hydrothermal carbon and coal powder (hereinafter referred to as blast furnace injection coal) is dried and crushed in a medium-speed mill, in order to ensure the sufficient drying of the blast furnace injection coal powder and the safety of a powder making process, the temperature of dry hot flue gas at the inlet of the medium-speed mill is controlled at 250 ℃, the oxygen concentration is controlled at less than 6%, the hourly output of the medium-speed mill is 48t/h, the air-coal ratio is controlled at 1.8, and the waste poplar hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder are fully mixed in the powder making process. The crushed blast furnace injection coal is brought to a coal powder separator at the upper part of the medium-speed mill by hot air, the coarse particles are separated and ground again, the fine-grained particles are brought to a cloth bag powder collector by the hot air to collect powder, and the blast furnace injection coal is dried by the hot air in the process. In order to ensure the safety of powder collection, the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the cloth bag dust collector is controlled to be less than 11%, the mass ratio of the blast furnace blowing coal powder collected by the cloth bag dust collector with the granularity of less than 0.074mm is 75%, the water content is 1.4%, and the HHV is more than 30200kJ/kg, so that the requirements of the blast furnace blowing technology on the granularity and the water content of the coal powder are met. The blast furnace injection coal powder collected by the cloth bag powder collector is stored in a coal powder bin with the volume of 750m3The coal powder storage amount is 380t, and the requirement of a material changing period of 8 hours of the blast furnace can be met. The pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace in the pulverized coal bin is injected into the blast furnace through an injection system, the injection system adopts the injection process of double-tank parallel-tank discharging, injection main pipe and single distributor in front of the furnace, nitrogen pressurization, fluidization and conveyor injection are adopted, the conveying solid-gas ratio of the pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace is 35kg (coal)/kg (nitrogen), and the conveying speed is 3 m/s. The volume of the blowing tank is 60m325t of coal powder, operationThe pressure level is 1.6MPa, the distributor uniformly distributes the pulverized coal conveyed to the blast furnace from the main pipeline to 26 injection branch pipes, and the error between different branch pipes is less than 3 percent.
In order to ensure the high-efficiency utilization of the blast furnace blowing waste poplar hydrothermal carbon in front of the tuyere, the blast temperature is adjusted to 1300 ℃ in the blast furnace production, the volume fraction of the hot air oxygen enrichment rate is 1.9 percent, and the hot air water vapor content is 1.5 percent. The combustion rate of the blast furnace injection coal powder in front of the tuyere is detected to be 67%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2167, the index of the coal gas amount at the furnace belly is 59m/min, and the blast furnace production is stable and smooth.
Example 3
An experiment for hydrothermal carbonization of biomass was performed using the apparatus shown in fig. 1, in which the biomass used palm shells. The results of the industrial analysis and the elemental analysis of the biomass used are shown in table 1.
TABLE 7 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis results of palm Shell
Figure BDA0002128897770000151
The palm shells in table 7 were crushed and pulped, then carbonized in a high pressure reactor, the carbonization temperature and carbonization time were changed to obtain biomass hydrothermal charcoal, and the obtained hydrothermal charcoal was subjected to industrial analysis, elemental analysis, calorific value, haar grindability index and alkali metal content analysis, and the results are shown in tables 8 and 9.
TABLE 8 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis of hydrothermal charcoal of palm shells
Figure BDA0002128897770000152
TABLE 9 analysis of the Hull grindability index, calorific value and alkali metal content of the hydrothermal charcoal of palm husks
Figure BDA0002128897770000161
It was confirmed from tables 2 and 3 that hydrothermal carbonization at 180 ℃ or higher for 20 minutes or longer gave an as-received water content of less than 11.87% and an HGI of 50 or moreAnd the upper HHV is higher than 21818kJ/kg, and the content of alkali metal in a dry base is lower than 0.4 percent. Conveying the prepared palm shell hydrothermal carbon to a coal bunker through a conveyor belt, weighing biomass hydrothermal carbon and coal powder through a belt scale, measuring the coal powder HGI to be 66, controlling the mass percent of the palm shell hydrothermal carbon to be 60%, controlling the HGI of a mixture of the palm shell hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder to be in the range of 58-65, and conveying the mixture to a medium-speed mill through the conveyor belt to prepare powder and mix uniformly. The mixture of the palm shell hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder (which is called blast furnace injection coal in the following) is dried and crushed in a medium-speed mill, in order to ensure the full drying of the blast furnace injection coal powder and the safety of the powder preparation process, the temperature of dry hot flue gas at the inlet of the medium-speed mill is controlled at 250 ℃, the oxygen concentration is controlled at less than 6%, the hourly output of the medium-speed mill is 42t/h, the air-coal ratio is controlled at 1.8, and the palm shell hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder are fully mixed in the powder preparation process. The crushed blast furnace injection coal is brought to a coal powder separator at the upper part of the medium-speed mill by hot air, the coarse particles are separated and ground again, the fine-grained particles are brought to a cloth bag powder collector by the hot air to collect powder, and the blast furnace injection coal is dried by the hot air in the process. In order to ensure the safety of powder collection, the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the cloth bag dust collector is controlled to be less than 11%, the mass ratio of the particles with the granularity of less than 0.074mm of the blast furnace blowing coal powder collected by the cloth bag dust collector is 72%, the water content is 1.7%, and the HHV is 31200kJ/kg, so that the requirements of the blast furnace blowing technology on the granularity and the water content of the coal powder are met. The blast furnace injection coal powder collected by the cloth bag powder collector is stored in a coal powder bin with the volume of 750m3The coal powder storage amount is 380t, and the requirement of a material changing period of 8 hours of the blast furnace can be met. The pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace in the pulverized coal bin is injected into the blast furnace through an injection system, the injection system adopts the injection process of double-tank parallel-tank discharging, injection main pipe and single distributor in front of the furnace, nitrogen pressurization, fluidization and conveyor injection are adopted, the conveying solid-gas ratio of the pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace is 35kg (coal)/kg (nitrogen), and the conveying speed is 3 m/s. The volume of the blowing tank is 60m3The coal powder storage amount is 25t, the operation pressure is 1.6MPa, the distributor uniformly distributes the coal powder conveyed to the blast furnace from the main pipeline to 26 injection branch pipes, and the error between different branch pipes is less than 3%. In order to ensure the efficient utilization of the hydrothermal carbon of the palm shells sprayed by the blast furnace in front of the tuyere, the blast furnace is used for productionThe blowing temperature is adjusted to 1200 ℃, the volume fraction of the hot air oxygen enrichment rate is 9.8 percent, and the hot air water vapor content is 5.3 percent. The combustion rate of the blast furnace injection coal powder in front of the tuyere is detected to be 87%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2250, the coal gas quantity index of the furnace belly is 63m/min, and the blast furnace production is stable and smooth.
Example 4
Experiments were conducted for hydrothermal carbonization of biomass using the apparatus shown in fig. 1, where the biomass used a flower nursery trim. The results of the industrial analysis and the elemental analysis of the biomass used are shown in table 10.
TABLE 10 parterre pruning Property analysis and elemental analysis results
Figure BDA0002128897770000171
The flower nursery prunes in table 10 were crushed to prepare pulp, and then carbonized in a high pressure reactor, the carbonization temperature and carbonization time were changed to obtain the hydrothermal charcoal of the flower nursery prunes, and the obtained hydrothermal charcoal of the flower nursery prunes was subjected to industrial analysis, elemental analysis, calorific value, haar grindability index, and alkali metal content analysis, and the results are shown in tables 11 and 12.
TABLE 11 Industrial analysis and elemental analysis of the hydrothermal carbon of flower nursery pruners
Figure BDA0002128897770000181
TABLE 12 analysis of the hydrothermal charcoal Hardgrove grindability index, calorific value and alkali content of the flower nursery trimmings
Figure BDA0002128897770000182
Figure BDA0002128897770000191
It was confirmed from tables 2 and 3 that hydrothermal carbonization at 180 ℃ or higher for 20 minutes or longer gave a water content of less than 15%, an HGI of 55 or higher, and an HHV of 20034kJ/kg, and that dryingThe flower nursery pruning water-heat charcoal with the content of basic alkali metal lower than 0.39 percent. Conveying the prepared flower nursery pruning hydrothermal carbon to a coal bunker through a conveyor belt, weighing biomass hydrothermal carbon and coal powder through a belt weigher, measuring the coal powder HGI to be 65, controlling the mass percent of the flower nursery pruning hydrothermal carbon to be 45%, controlling the HGI of the mixture of the flower nursery hydrothermal carbon and the coal powder to be 68-71, and conveying the mixture to a medium-speed mill through the conveyor belt to prepare powder and mix uniformly. The method comprises the steps that a mixture of water-heat carbon and coal powder of flower nursery trimmings (which is called blast furnace injection coal in the following) is dried and crushed in a medium-speed mill, in order to ensure the sufficient drying of the blast furnace injection coal powder and the safety of a powder making process, the temperature of dry hot flue gas at the inlet of the medium-speed mill is controlled at 220 ℃, the oxygen concentration is controlled at less than 7%, the yield of a medium-speed mill table is 25t/h, the air-coal ratio is controlled at 1.5, and the water-heat carbon and the coal powder of the flower nursery trimmings are fully mixed. The crushed blast furnace injection coal is brought to a coal powder separator at the upper part of the medium-speed mill by hot air, the coarse particles are separated and ground again, the fine-grained particles are brought to a cloth bag powder collector by the hot air to collect powder, and the blast furnace injection coal is dried by the hot air in the process. In order to ensure the safety of powder collection, the oxygen concentration at the outlet of the cloth bag dust collector is controlled to be less than 12%, the mass ratio of the particles with the granularity of less than 0.074mm of the blast furnace blowing coal powder collected by the cloth bag dust collector is 80%, the water content is 1.3%, and the HHV is 28900kJ/kg, so that the requirements of the blast furnace blowing technology on the granularity and the water content of the coal powder are met. The blast furnace injection pulverized coal collected by the cloth bag powder collector is stored in a pulverized coal bin, and the volume of the pulverized coal bin is 350m3The coal powder storage amount is 180t, and the requirement of a blast furnace for a material changing period of 8 hours can be met. The pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace in the pulverized coal bin is injected into the blast furnace through an injection system, the injection system adopts the injection process of double-tank parallel-tank discharging, injection main pipe and single distributor in front of the furnace, nitrogen pressurization, fluidization and conveyor injection are adopted, the conveying solid-gas ratio of the pulverized coal injected into the blast furnace is 30kg (coal)/kg (nitrogen), and the conveying speed is 3.5 m/s. The volume of the blowing tank is 30m3The coal powder storage amount is 15t, the operation pressure is 1.8MPa, the distributor uniformly distributes the coal powder conveyed to the blast furnace from the main pipeline to 16 injection branch pipes, and the error between different branch pipes is less than 3.5%. In order to ensure the high-efficiency utilization of the hydrothermal carbon of the blast furnace injection flower nursery pruning in front of the tuyere,the blast furnace production is adjusted to 1150 ℃, the volume fraction of the hot air oxygen enrichment rate is 20 percent, and the hot air water vapor content is 10 percent. The combustion rate of the blast furnace injection coal powder in front of the tuyere is detected to be 82%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere is 2350, the coal gas quantity index of the furnace bosh is 70m/min, and the production of the blast furnace is stable and smooth.
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for carrying out blast furnace injection on biomass hydrothermal carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) carrying out hydrothermal carbonization treatment on the biomass to prepare biomass hydrothermal carbon: the processing device of the biomass hydrothermal carbon is a high-temperature hydrothermal carbonization reaction kettle, the hydrothermal carbonization temperature is 180-320 ℃, the working pressure is the autogenous saturated vapor pressure of a closed system, and the hydrothermal carbonization time is controlled to be 20-100 min; the water content of the obtained biomass hydrothermal carbon is lower than 15 wt%, the Haugh grindability index HGI of the dry base is more than 50, the high-order heating value HHV of the dry base is more than 20000kJ/kg, and the content of alkali metal in the dry base is lower than 0.4 wt%;
s2) crushing and pulverizing the mixture of the biomass hydrothermal carbon and the coal, and uniformly mixing;
s3) uniformly spraying the mixture crushed and uniformly mixed in the step S2) into a blast furnace through a straight blowing pipe and an air port by a coal gun through a pulverized coal spraying conveying and distributing system of the blast furnace in an iron works;
s4) setting the combustion rate of the injection fuel in front of the tuyere to be more than 60%, the theoretical combustion temperature of the tuyere to be 2000-2350 ℃, and the coal gas quantity index of the furnace belly to be less than 70m/min, thereby ensuring the normal production of blast furnace ironmaking.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the biomass in S1) comprises agricultural wastes, forestry wastes, livestock excrements, sugar production wastes, municipal organic wastes, paper making organic sludge and other wastes containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin produced in production and living by human beings.
3. The method for blast furnace blowing of biomass hydrothermal charcoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biomass hydrothermal charcoal in the mixture of biomass hydrothermal charcoal and coal in S2) accounts for 0.1-60% by mass of the mixture relative to the total amount of the biomass hydrothermal charcoal and coal.
4. The method for blast furnace blowing of biomass hydrothermal charcoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biomass hydrothermal charcoal and coal crushing and pulverizing in S2 is prepared by using a medium speed mill, a ball mill or other coal mill.
5. The method for blast furnace blowing of biomass hydrothermal charcoal according to claim 1, wherein in S2), the mass ratio of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.074mm in the mixture after crushing is more than 70%.
6. The method for blast furnace blowing of biomass hydrothermal charcoal as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blast furnace blowing parameters in S4) are that the hot air temperature is 1000-.
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