CN114507553A - Mixed fuel with high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mixed fuel with high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114507553A CN114507553A CN202011283458.4A CN202011283458A CN114507553A CN 114507553 A CN114507553 A CN 114507553A CN 202011283458 A CN202011283458 A CN 202011283458A CN 114507553 A CN114507553 A CN 114507553A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011335 coal coke Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/24—Mixing, stirring of fuel components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
- C10L2290/546—Sieving for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed fuel with high coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection and a preparation method thereof, and mainly solves the technical problems that the mixed fuel for blast furnace injection in the prior art is high in cost and low in coke replacement ratio of the mixed fuel. The technical scheme is that the weight percentage of the raw material components is as follows: 10-20% of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder, 30-50% of anthracite and 30-60% of semi-coke, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100%; the coke powder pre-prepared powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-88% of fixed carbon, 11-13% of ash and 0.9-1.3% of volatile components; the Ha's grindability index of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 25-40; the combustion rate of the mixed fuel is 57-70%. Under the condition that the mixed fuel meets the blast furnace smelting production requirement, the carbon content of the mixed fuel is improved by 1.3-2.7%, the volatile component of the mixed fuel is reduced by 7.1-9.3%, and the blast furnace injection cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel for blast furnace injection, in particular to a mixed fuel with a high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection and a preparation method thereof, and specifically relates to the mass ratio of semi coke and the mass ratio of coke powder pre-milling in the mixed fuel for blast furnace injection, belonging to the technical field of mixed fuel for blast furnace injection and blast furnace iron making.
Background
The blast furnace smelting uses coal and coke as main fuels, and with the reduction of high-quality coking coal resources, the injection of mixed fuel to replace the scarce metallurgical coke becomes the most effective means for improving the iron-making technology and lowering the cost and improving the efficiency of enterprises.
The coke quantity which can be replaced by the injected mixed fuel with unit weight or unit volume is called the coke replacement ratio, and is an important index for measuring how effective the injected mixed fuel is.
The main factors influencing the coal coke replacement ratio of the blast furnace injected mixed fuel comprise: the quality of the mixed fuel, the combustion degree of the mixed fuel, the gasification degree, the operation of the blast furnace, the air temperature, the oxygen enrichment, the pressure of the blast furnace, the direct reduction degree of the blast furnace and the like.
At the present stage, the blast furnace injection raw materials mainly comprise two kinds of anthracite and bituminous coal.
Patent documents disclose that blowing is carried out by adding electrode graphite powder, and although waste electrode graphite powder has extremely high carbon content, combustion performance of graphite powder is not disclosed, and resource availability of graphite powder is not described, that is, whether the technology has wide application prospect is not described.
Patent documents disclose blowing by using semi-coke in a ratio of 20% to 40%, but do not describe specific alternative objectives and purposes.
The existing mixed fuel for blast furnace injection has the problems of high cost and low coal coke replacement ratio of the mixed fuel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mixed fuel with high coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection and a preparation method thereof, which mainly solve the technical problems of high cost of the mixed fuel for blast furnace injection and low coke replacement ratio of the mixed fuel in the prior art; the invention improves the coal coke replacement ratio of the mixed fuel for blast furnace injection, reduces the cost of the mixed fuel for blast furnace injection, and further reduces the coke ratio and fuel ratio of blast furnace ironmaking.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the mixed fuel with high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder, 30-50% of anthracite and 30-60% of semi-coke, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100%; the coke powder pre-prepared powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-88% of fixed carbon, 11-13% of ash and 0.9-1.3% of volatile components; the Ha's grindability index of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 25-40; the combustion rate of the mixed fuel is 57-70%.
The reason why the composition of the high char replacement ratio mixed fuel for blast furnace injection of the present invention is limited to the above range is as follows:
1. setting of the content of coke breeze fines
The coke powder in the blast furnace ironmaking process is from coke powder generated by crushing coke in the transportation process, coke powder generated by screening a blast furnace and the like; the coke powder has stable components, high fixed carbon content, low volatile components and high heat value, and the combustion rate of mixed injection of the coke powder is improved by improving the injection process flow, utilizing equipment to pre-prepare the coke powder and combining the technical means of particle size control and coal mixing and blending so as to achieve the purpose of improving the coal-coke replacement ratio of mixed fuel injection.
For blowing the coke powder, most iron and steel enterprises use coke fly ash (CDQ powder) for blowing, wherein the coke fly ash is low in carbon content (79-81%) and high in ash content (15-18%), the dosage of the coke fly ash for the iron and steel enterprises is generally not more than 5%, and the contribution to improving the coke replacement ratio is limited. The coke which is less than 3mm and is produced by coke screening in the blast furnace process is adopted, and the maximum blending can be up to 20 percent from the combustion performance of the coke, so that the limited resources and energy can be fully utilized, and the coal-coke replacement ratio of blast furnace injection can be effectively improved.
The applicant finds through experiments that the weight content of the coke breeze pre-prepared powder in the mixed coal has the following relationship with the combustion rate of the mixed coal, and the specific table is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 relationship between the weight content of coke breeze prepumped powder in the mixed coal and the combustion rate of the mixed coal
| The weight content of coke powder pre-prepared powder% | 10 | 13 | 17 | 21 | 24 | 27 |
| Combustion rate of mixed coal% | 72.58 | 71.15 | 70.54 | 68.75 | 64.91 | 61.73 |
As shown in table 1, when the ratio of the coke powder was 21%, the combustion rate was at an inflection point, and when the content of the coke powder exceeded 21%, the combustion rate of the mixed coal was sharply decreased. For improving the coal coke replacement ratio, the coke powder has high fixed carbon content, and the coal coke replacement ratio is higher when the coke powder proportion is higher; experiments show that the coal coke replacement ratio is improved by 0.05 when the fixed carbon of the mixed coal is improved by 1 percent. However, the content of the coke powder is more than 21 percent, which causes the combustion rate of the mixed coal to be sharply reduced and also causes the coal-coke replacement ratio to be reduced, and through comprehensive calculation and experiments, the upper limit of the content of the coke powder pre-milling powder in the mixed fuel is set to be 20 percent.
2. Setting of semi-coke content
Semi coke is a product obtained by performing medium-low temperature dry distillation and quality improvement on high-volatile long-flame coal, and the product is already applied to the field of blast furnace injection, and two or three kinds of fuels are mostly adopted in industry for blast furnace injection through reasonable matching. The long flame coal loses the explosiveness after being subjected to medium and low temperature carbonization, so that the safety of the injected semi-coke is higher than that of the injected bituminous coal; semi-coke with developed pores and combustion performance similar to that of bituminous coal, and its CO2The reactivity is better than that of bituminous coal and anthracite. Therefore, the semi-coke is selected to replace the bituminous coal for injection in a proper proportion, which is an improvementAn effective approach to mixed fuel coke replacement ratio; although the ash content of the semi-coke is 4-5 percent higher than that of the bituminous coal, the effective heat quantity brought into a cyclone area is still higher than that of the bituminous coal with the same quantity.
The applicant finds through research that the factors influencing the replacement ratio of the coal coke injected into the blast furnace mainly comprise: 1) the quality of the mixed fuel. The carbon and hydrogen in the injection fuel can replace the carbon in the metallurgical coke, and the replacement ratio is high when the amount of the carbon and the hydrogen in the injection fuel is high. In the mixed fuel, semi-coke is a preferred variety for replacing bituminous coal, and the carbon content of the semi-coke is 3-3.5 percent higher than that of the bituminous coal; the coke powder pre-milling powder is also a main variety for replacing bituminous coal, and the carbon content of the coke powder pre-milling powder is about 10 percent higher than that of the bituminous coal. 2) The extent of combustion of the mix. Firstly, the influence of the particle size level of injected fuel on the combustion rate of the injected fuel is considered, particularly, the combustion rate of the coke powder pre-prepared powder in a blast furnace tuyere convolution area is low, and higher requirements on the particle size level are required. Secondly, the proportion composition of the mixed fuel has great influence on the combustion efficiency of the mixed fuel, and for the proportion of 10-20% of the coke powder prepared powder, the proportion of the semi-coke of more than 30% is correspondingly provided to promote the effective combustion of the coke powder prepared powder in the tuyere raceway.
The applicant found through research that the amount of the semi coke to be replaced is limited in view of improving the coke replacement ratio of the blast furnace injection fuel. Because the carbon content of the semi-coke is lower than that of the anthracite and higher than that of the bituminous coal, the semi-coke can completely replace the bituminous coal, which is beneficial to improving the coal coke replacement ratio, and if the anthracite is continuously replaced, the coal coke replacement ratio can be reduced. However, because the burning performance of the semi-coke is better than that of anthracite, on the basis of replacing bituminous coal, appropriate replacement of part of anthracite is also allowed from the viewpoint of promoting the burning of difficult-to-burn fuel (such as coke powder), but more than 60 percent of the coal coke replacement ratio is negatively influenced.
Application confirms that the influence of the weight content change of the semi coke in the mixed coal on the combustion rate of the mixed coal is not obvious through experiments, and the specific table is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Combustion Rate of Mixed coal at different Ramsbottom coal ratios
As shown in table 2, under the same coke powder proportioning condition, the combustion rate of the mixed coal is not greatly influenced by different blending ratios of the semi-coke, so from the combustion rate perspective, the blending ratio of the semi-coke can be not set as an upper limit, but the calorific value of the semi-coke is higher than that of the bituminous coal, but lower than that of the anthracite and lower than that of the coke powder; therefore, from the viewpoint of the coke substitution ratio of interest in the present invention, the present invention sets the upper limit of the content by weight of the semi coke in the mixed fuel to 60% by comprehensive calculation and test as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 replacement ratio of mixed coal under different semi-coke proportioning conditions
3. Setting of anthracite content
As the anthracite has moderate heat value, combustion performance, grindability and the like, through comprehensive calculation and test, the invention sets the weight content of the anthracite in the mixed fuel to be 30-50%, which can meet the requirement of the mixed coal on the combustion rate and can also meet the requirement of the mixed coal composition on the improvement of the coal coke replacement ratio.
Furthermore, the coke powder pre-prepared powder with the grain diameter less than or equal to 0.048mm accounts for more than 70 percent of the total mass of the coke powder pre-prepared powder.
Through project research, the combustion performance test is carried out on single fuels (coke powder, CDQ powder, anthracite, bituminous coal and semi-coke) with different particle sizes, and the combustion ordering rule is as follows: coke powder (CDQ powder) (anthracite coal (semi coke) (bituminous coal). The anthracite mainly comprises Yongcheng coal and Baishan coal in China, the combustion performance of the Yongcheng coal and Baishan coal is similar, and the combustion performance of semi coke and mixed coal is similar. But between 200 meshes and 300 meshes, the combustion performance of the coke powder and the CDQ powder is greatly improved, and an obvious inflection point appears. Compared with the change situation of the combustion rate of a single fuel under the particle sizes of 180-220 meshes and more than 300 meshes, the combustion rate of the coke powder and the CDQ powder is increased by 13-15 percent, and the combustion rate of the anthracite, bituminous coal and semi-coke is only increased by less than 10 percent; it is shown that for coke powder and CDQ powder with poor combustion performance, the reduction of the particle size is an effective means for improving the combustion rate. Therefore, the power consumption and the powder yield of the coal mill are determined: the coke powder pre-prepared powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.048mm (namely, not less than 300 meshes) accounts for more than 70 percent of the total mass of the coke powder pre-prepared powder.
The CDQ is Dry quenched Coke, is named as Coke Dry Quenching for short, is also called as dust removed in the Coke plant Dry Quenching environment, and is waste generated under the requirements of environmental protection, energy conservation and clean production in the coking industry.
Further, the mixed fuel with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for more than 85% of the total mass of the mixed fuel, through project research, combustion performance tests are carried out on the mixed coal with different grain sizes, and after comprehensively comparing the influences of two aspects of the coal injection proportioning structure and the coal powder grain size distribution, the mixed fuel with the grain size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for more than 85% of the total mass of the mixed fuel. At the moment, the combustion performance of the mixed coal is superior to that of anthracite, and is similar to that of semi-coke. The requirement for the particle size of the mixed coal also comprises the requirement for continuously improving the coal injection ratio, and along with the improvement of the coal injection quantity, the combustion performance of the pulverized coal is influenced, and the particle size of the pulverized coal is required to be reduced for compensation. The corresponding relation between the coal coke replacement ratio and the coal injection amount in the test can also show that the coal coke replacement ratio is reduced by 0.038 when the coal injection ratio is increased by 10 kg; therefore, as the coal injection ratio increases, higher requirements are also placed on the particle size distribution of the pulverized coal. In addition, because the hardness of the semi-coke is higher than that of anthracite and bituminous coal, the semi-coke with higher hardness plays a role of a grinding material in the coal grinding process, and under the same coal grinding condition, when the semi-coke proportion is 30%, the mixed coal is more than 200 meshes and is about 5 percent higher than that before the semi-coke is matched. By the above measures for improving the combustion rate of the mixed fuel, the object of ensuring an increase in the substitution ratio of the mixed fuel is achieved.
Further, the coke powder pre-milling powder is prepared by milling coke powder by a medium-speed coal mill; the coke powder is the undersize of blast furnace metallurgical coke, and the particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 3.0 mm.
Further, the mixed fuel is prepared by grinding a mixed material obtained by mixing coke breeze pre-prepared powder, anthracite and semi-coke uniformly by a medium-speed coal mill.
The preparation method of the mixed fuel with high coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection comprises the following steps:
1) preparing coke powder pre-milling powder, milling the coke powder to obtain the coke powder pre-milling powder, wherein the coke powder pre-milling powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.048mm accounts for more than 70% of the total mass of the coke powder pre-milling powder; the coke powder is the undersize of blast furnace metallurgical coke, and the particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 3.0 mm; the coke powder pre-prepared powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-88% of fixed carbon, 11-13% of ash and 0.9-1.3% of volatile components; the Ha's grindability index of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 25-40;
2) preparing mixed fuel, and weighing the coke breeze pre-milling powder, the anthracite and the semi-coke according to the proportion; uniformly mixing the coke powder pre-milling powder, anthracite and semi-coke to obtain a mixed material; grinding the uniformly mixed material to obtain a mixed fuel, wherein the mixed fuel with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for more than 85% of the total mass of the mixed fuel; the mixed fuel comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of coke powder pre-prepared powder, 30-50% of anthracite and 30-60% of semi coke, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100%.
And further, grinding the coke powder by using a medium-speed coal mill to obtain coke powder pre-prepared powder.
And further, grinding the uniformly mixed material by using a medium-speed coal mill to obtain the mixed fuel.
The proportion of the coke powder in the injected fuel is the conclusion obtained by the injection test of different coke powder proportions; under the condition that the ratio of the coke powder reaches 21%, the combustion performance of the mixed powder is greatly reduced, and the combustion rate of the mixed powder has an obvious inflection point; in order to avoid the combustion performance of the mixed powder from being greatly reduced, the pre-pulverized coke powder accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the mixed powder, so that the effective combustion of the injected mixed fuel in a blast furnace tuyere convolution area is ensured.
The method comprises the processes of single powder preparation and mixed powder preparation of the coke powder, and the single powder preparation or mixed powder preparation involves the requirements of equipment because the HGI value of the coke powder is low and the powder preparation performance is poor. The medium-speed coal mill capable of milling the coke breeze can be found in the market at present, the problem of insufficient milling capacity can be well solved, the proportion of the coke breeze to be less than 0.048mm in the pre-milling process and the proportion of the mixed powder to be less than 0.074mm can be simultaneously met, the combustion performance of the mixed powder is improved, the full utilization of the coke breeze in a blast furnace is facilitated, and the requirement of improving the injection replacement ratio of the mixed fuel is met.
The purpose of blast furnace injection mixed fuel is that the mixed fuel can be fully and effectively utilized in the furnace, and the function of reducing the coke ratio in the furnace instead of coke is exerted to the maximum extent. The combustion rate index of the mixed powder in front of the tuyere determines the effective utilization degree of the mixed powder in the furnace, and the combustion rate of the mixed fuel is 57-70%.
The blast furnace blowing method with the mixed fuel comprises the following steps: the air supply temperature of the hot blast furnace is controlled to be more than or equal to 1200 ℃, the oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace is 1.0-3.0%, the air supply humidity is 1.2-1.4%, and the theoretical combustion temperature of the raceway is controlled to be 2100-2200 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects: 1. the method can fully utilize newly developed injected fuel semi-coke and coke powder generated in a blast furnace ironmaking process, improve the replacement ratio of the injected mixed fuel in the blast furnace, precisely adjust the structure of the injected fuel in the blast furnace and the particle size distribution of the fuel through a scientific method, improve the carbon content of the mixed fuel by 1.3-2.7 percent and reduce the volatile component of the mixed fuel by 7.1-9.3 percent under the condition of meeting the smelting production requirement of the blast furnace; according to the scheme, the replacement ratio of the mixed fuel is increased by about 0.065-0.135 by increasing the replacement ratio of the coal and the coke by 0.05 when the carbon content of the mixed coal is increased by 1 percentage point in the test. Equivalent to 8 to 18 percent improvement on the original basis (the coal coke replacement ratio is 0.76). 2. The method can fully utilize the coke powder generated in the blast furnace ironmaking process, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of resources, realize the combustion rate of the mixed fuel of 57-70 percent and reduce the generation amount of solid waste.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to examples 1 to 5, which are shown in tables 4 to 7.
A mixed fuel with high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder, 30-50% of anthracite and 30-60% of semi-coke, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100%; the coke powder pre-prepared powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-88% of fixed carbon, 11-13% of ash and 0.9-1.3% of volatile components; the Haw grindability index of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 25-40.
Table 4 ingredients of raw materials of examples of the present invention, unit: and (4) weight percentage.
| Categories | Fixed carbon | Ash content | Volatile component | Sulfur content |
| Anthracite coal | 76-81 | 9-12 | 3-10 | 0.3-0.5 |
| Semi coke | 72-76 | 10-13 | 8-14 | 0.3-0.5 |
| Pre-pulverized coke powder | 84-87 | 11-13 | 0.9-1.3 | 0.6-0.8 |
TABLE 5 Properties of the raw materials of the inventive examples
| Categories | Calorific value, kJ/kg | A combustion rate% |
| Anthracite coal | 29000-31000 | 60-65 |
| Semi coke | 27000-29000 | 65-70 |
| Pre-pulverized coke powder | 31000-35000 | 35-45 |
TABLE 6 raw material composition and Property parameters of inventive example 1 and comparative example
| Categories | Total carbon% | Fixed carbon% | Ash content% | Volatile content% | Sulfur content% | Calorific value, kJ/kg | A combustion rate% |
| Anthracite coal | 82.16 | 80.82 | 10.48 | 8.7 | 0.446 | 31250.67 | 60.1 |
| Semi coke | 79.22 | 75.68 | 10.82 | 13.5 | 0.339 | 27722.59 | 67.26 |
| Pre-pulverized coke powder | 87.07 | 86.94 | 12.03 | 0.91 | 0.79 | 34522.99 | 38.7 |
| Bituminous coal | 76.00 | 62.64 | 5.72 | 31.64 | 0.407 | 27568.99 | 72.8 |
| CDQ powder | 83.89 | 83.28 | 14.73 | 1.38 | 0.79 | 27639.29 | 45.44 |
TABLE 7 raw material composition and Performance parameters of blended fuels of examples of the invention and comparative examples
The volatile contents of the mixed fuels of examples 1 to 5 were 8.58%, 9.54%, 10.8%, 9.84%, and 9.06, respectively; the volatiles of the fuel blends of comparative examples 1-2 were 17.88%, 17.9%, respectively.
The raw material composition and performance parameters of example 1 and comparative example are shown in Table 6, and the raw material composition and performance parameters of the mixed fuel of example and comparative example are shown in Table 7.
Example 1, the calorific value of anthracite in the mixed fuel is 31250.67kJ/kg, and the combustion rate is 60.10%; the calorific value of the semi-coke is 27722.59kJ/kg, and the combustion rate is 67.26%; the calorific value of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 34522.99kJ/kg, and the combustion rate is 38.70%.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are as follows: the hot air temperature is 1180 ℃, the oxygen enrichment rate is 1%, the blast humidity is 1.7%, and the blast volume is 1134.658m3T; the indexes of one ton of molten iron produced and smelted by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 138 kg/t; coke ratio: 375 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 513 kg/t; theoretical combustion temperature: 2231 deg.C; heat loss: 6.12 percent; furnace belly coal gas: 1457.07m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.475; slag basicity: 1.15; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.852.
example 2, the calorific value and the combustion rate of anthracite, the calorific value and the combustion rate of semi-coke and the calorific value and the combustion rate of coke powder pre-milling in the mixed fuel are the same as those in example 1; example 2 the raw material components were the same as in example 1.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the indexes for smelting one ton of molten iron produced by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 146 kg/t; coke ratio: 370 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 516 kg/t; temperature of hot air: 1170 ℃; theoretical combustion temperature: 2226 deg.C; heat loss: 6.069 percent; furnace bosh gas: 1462.32m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.476; slag basicity: 1.14; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.845.
example 3, the calorific value and the combustion rate of anthracite, the calorific value and the combustion rate of semi-coke and the calorific value and the combustion rate of coke breeze pre-milled powder in the mixed fuel are the same as those in example 1; example 3 the raw material components were the same as in example 1.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1; the indexes of one ton of molten iron produced and smelted by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 148 kg/t; coke ratio: 372 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 520 kg/t; temperature of hot air: 1170 ℃; theoretical combustion temperature: 2220 deg.C; heat loss: 6.046% of furnace gas: 1467.85m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.471; slag basicity: 1.15; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.837.
example 4, the calorific value and combustion rate of bituminous coal, the calorific value and combustion rate of anthracite, the calorific value and combustion rate of semi-coke and the calorific value and combustion rate of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder in the mixed fuel were the same as those of example 1; example 4 the raw material components were the same as in example 1.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1; the indexes of one ton of molten iron produced and smelted by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 151 kg/t; coke ratio: 370 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 521 kg/t; temperature of hot air: 1175 deg.C; theoretical combustion temperature: 2213 deg.C; heat loss: 6.035%; furnace belly coal gas: 1475.5m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.474; slag basicity: 1.15; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.843.
example 5, the calorific value and combustion rate of bituminous coal, the calorific value and combustion rate of anthracite, the calorific value and combustion rate of semi-coke and the calorific value and combustion rate of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder in the mixed fuel were the same as those of example 1; example 5 the raw material components were the same as in example 1.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1; the indexes of one ton of molten iron produced and smelted by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 136 kg/t; coke ratio: 378.5 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 514.5 kg/t; theoretical combustion temperature: 2231 deg.C; heat loss: 6.12 percent; furnace bosh gas: 1457.07m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.476; slag basicity: 1.15; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.849.
comparative example 1, the calorific value and combustion rate of anthracite coal in the mixed fuel were the same as those of example 1, and the calorific value and combustion rate of bituminous coal and that of CDQ powder are shown in table 6; the composition of bituminous coal, anthracite and CDQ in comparative example 1 is shown in Table 6.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1; the indexes for smelting one ton of molten iron produced by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 145 kg/t; coke ratio: 375 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 520 kg/t; temperature of hot air: 1170 ℃; theoretical combustion temperature: 2228 deg.C; heat loss: 6.053 percent; furnace bosh gas: 1462.75m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.472; slag basicity: 1.15; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.800.
comparative example 2, calorific value and combustion rate of anthracite coal in the mixed fuel; the calorific value and the combustion rate of anthracite coal and the calorific value and the combustion rate of semi-coke are the same as those of example 1; the calorific value and the combustion rate of CDQ powder are shown in Table 6, and the compositions of anthracite, semi-coke and CDQ in comparative example 2 are shown in Table 6.
Mixed fuel for 3200m3When the blast furnace is injected, the process control parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1; the indexes for smelting one ton of molten iron produced by the blast furnace are as follows: coal ratio: 140 kg/t; coke ratio: 385 kg/t; the fuel ratio: 525 kg/t; temperature of hot air: 1170 ℃; theoretical combustion temperature: 2245 deg.C; heat loss: 6.053 percent; furnace bosh gas: 1478.75m3T; direct reduction degree: 0.51; the utilization rate of coal gas: 0.470 parts by weight; slag basicity: 1.15; coal coke replacement ratio: 0.760.
the embodiment of the invention shows that after the blast furnace mixed injection taking the semi-coke, the anthracite and the coke powder as the fuel is carried out under the existing blast furnace injection fuel system, the coal ratio is obviously changed compared with the fuel ratio and the traditional blast furnace injection, and under the condition of the same other process conditions, along with the change of the mixture ratio of the coke powder, the semi-coke and the anthracite, under the condition of increasing the total carbon content of the mixed fuel, the coal-coke replacement ratio is in an ascending trend and is increased to 0.852 from 0.800 of the reference. Therefore, different combinations of the mixed fuel provided by the invention can achieve the effects of improving the coal coke replacement ratio of the blast furnace and reducing the coke ratio and the fuel ratio of the blast furnace.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The mixed fuel with high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder, 30-50% of anthracite and 30-60% of semi-coke, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100%; the coke powder pre-prepared powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-88% of fixed carbon, 11-13% of ash and 0.9-1.3% of volatile components; the Ha's grindability index of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 25-40; the combustion rate of the mixed fuel is 57-70%.
2. The fuel blend of claim 1, wherein the pulverized coke powder having a particle size of 0.048mm or less accounts for 70% or more of the total mass of the pulverized coke powder.
3. The fuel mixture having a high char replacement ratio for blast furnace injection according to claim 1, wherein the fuel mixture having a particle size of 0.074mm or less accounts for 85% or more of the total mass of the fuel mixture.
4. The fuel mixture with high char replacement ratio for blast furnace injection as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pre-pulverized coke powder is prepared by pulverizing coke powder with a medium speed pulverizer; the coke powder is the undersize of blast furnace metallurgical coke, and the particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 3.0 mm.
5. The mixed fuel with high coke-coal displacement ratio for blast furnace injection according to claim 1, wherein the mixed fuel is prepared by milling a mixed material obtained by mixing pre-pulverized coke powder, anthracite and semi-coke with a medium-speed coal mill.
6. A preparation method of a mixed fuel with high coal-coke replacement ratio for blast furnace injection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing coke powder pre-milling powder, milling the coke powder to obtain the coke powder pre-milling powder, wherein the coke powder pre-milling powder with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.048mm accounts for more than 70% of the total mass of the coke powder pre-milling powder; the coke powder is the undersize of blast furnace metallurgical coke, and the particle size of the coke powder is less than or equal to 3.0 mm; the coke powder pre-prepared powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 85-88% of fixed carbon, 11-13% of ash and 0.9-1.3% of volatile components; the Ha's grindability index of the coke powder pre-prepared powder is 25-40;
2) preparing mixed fuel, and weighing the coke breeze pre-milling powder, the anthracite and the semi-coke according to the proportion; uniformly mixing the coke powder pre-milling powder, anthracite and semi-coke to obtain a mixed material; grinding the uniformly mixed material to obtain a mixed fuel, wherein the mixed fuel with the particle size of less than or equal to 0.074mm accounts for more than 85% of the total mass of the mixed fuel; the mixed fuel comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of coke breeze pre-pulverized powder, 30-50% of anthracite and 30-60% of semi coke, wherein the sum of the weight percentages of the raw material components is 100%.
7. The method of producing a mixed fuel having a high char replacement ratio for blast furnace injection as claimed in claim 6, wherein the pulverized coke is ground by a medium speed coal mill to obtain a pulverized coke prepowder.
8. The method for producing a mixed fuel having a high char replacement ratio for blast furnace injection according to claim 6, wherein the mixed fuel is obtained by grinding the kneaded material with a medium-speed coal mill.
9. A method for blast furnace injection using the mixed fuel with a high char replacement ratio for blast furnace injection according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: the air supply temperature of the hot blast furnace is controlled to be more than or equal to 1200 ℃, the oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace is 1.0-3.0%, the air supply humidity is 1.2-1.4%, and the theoretical combustion temperature of the raceway is controlled to be 2100-2200 ℃.
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