CN110213900B - PCB printing machine vision detection method and system based on CCD recognition - Google Patents
PCB printing machine vision detection method and system based on CCD recognition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110213900B CN110213900B CN201910508221.2A CN201910508221A CN110213900B CN 110213900 B CN110213900 B CN 110213900B CN 201910508221 A CN201910508221 A CN 201910508221A CN 110213900 B CN110213900 B CN 110213900B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/225—Correcting or repairing of printed circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/16—Inspection; Monitoring; Aligning
- H05K2203/163—Monitoring a manufacturing process
Abstract
The invention discloses a PCB printing machine vision detection method and system based on CCD identification, comprising an illumination device, a CCD camera, an image acquisition card and an industrial personal computer which are sequentially and electrically connected with the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring an image of the PCB; the image acquisition card is used for processing the image of the PCB and obtaining a data signal to be stored in the industrial personal computer; the industrial personal computer obtains position coordinates of the PCB to be printed, corresponding to the original point coordinates, initial printing position coordinates and welding point image data of the PCB after welding according to the image of the PCB; and comparing the coordinates with corresponding coordinates of the layout template respectively to judge errors, and performing two-time correction control on the layout template and the welded PCB. The invention can evaluate the printing dislocation rate of the workpiece in many aspects, so that the dislocation degree of the soldering tin can be more accurately grasped, and the precision is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of CCD image recognition, in particular to a PCB printing machine vision detection method and system based on CCD recognition.
Background
In a solder printing process for mounting an electronic component on a printed circuit board, first, solder paste is printed on a predetermined electrode pattern provided on the printed circuit board, and the electronic component is temporarily fixed on the printed circuit board on which the solder paste is printed, based on the viscosity of the solder paste. Then, the printed circuit board is guided to a reflow furnace, and soldering is performed through a predetermined reflow step. Many screen printing and conventional paste dispensing machines have limitations in speed and quality, and have a risk of generating manufacturing errors, stretching with time, and the like, and it is difficult to completely match the positions of solder on the printed board and the positions of electrode patterns on the printed board. This causes an error in printing solder at a position deviated from the electrode pattern. The most important link formed in the whole printing process is that the CCD identifies the electrode layout template pattern and the position of the corresponding PCB, and further calculates the deviation between the soldered dots and the soldering tin area on the electrode layout template. The general CCD image recognition and positioning method can not realize the accurate recognition and the accurate positioning of the PCB and the welding spots, and the printing precision is influenced.
Therefore, how to provide a PCB printing machine vision inspection method and system with high precision and double error judgment is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a PCB printing machine vision detection method and system based on CCD recognition, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the specific scheme is as follows:
a PCB printing machine vision detection method based on CCD recognition comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining and storing a layout template, wherein the layout template comprises an original point coordinate of the layout template, position coordinates of each soldering tin area on the layout template, and an initial printing point coordinate;
s2, acquiring image data of the PCB to be printed, positioning the position of the PCB to be printed corresponding to the origin coordinate, and acquiring an initial printing position of the PCB to be printed;
s3, comparing the initial printing point coordinates with the initial printing position to obtain plate error data;
s4, correcting the current layout template for one time according to the plate error data;
s5, obtaining welding spot image data of the PCB after welding, and comparing the soldering tin area on the layout template with the welding spot position of the welding spot image data to obtain welding spot error data;
and S6, performing secondary repair welding correction on the PCB after welding according to the welding spot error data.
Preferably, in S1, the origin coordinates of the layout template are set as coordinates of a vertex position of the layout template.
Preferably, in S2, the method for locating the position coordinate of the vertex corresponding to the position of the origin coordinate on the PCB to be printed includes coinciding with the origin coordinate.
Preferably, in S4, the process of performing a correction on the current layout template includes:
s41, caching the current layout template;
s42, adjusting the position of the cached integral soldering tin area of the layout template until the coordinate of the initial printing point is superposed with the coordinate of the initial printing position;
and S43, updating the current layout template with the adjusted cache layout template.
Preferably, in S5, the solder areas on the layout template are coordinate-compared with the corresponding solder joint positions in the solder joint image data one by one to obtain error data of each solder joint.
Preferably, in S6, it is determined whether the solder joint error data is greater than a preset error threshold, and if so, performing secondary repair solder correction on the soldered PCB; if not, the product is qualified.
Preferably, in S6, it is determined whether the welding spot error data is greater than a preset error threshold upper limit, and if so, the welding spot error data is an unqualified product and flows out of the production line; and if not, performing secondary repair welding correction on the welded PCB.
The invention also provides a PCB printing machine vision detection system based on CCD identification, which comprises an illumination device, a CCD camera, an image acquisition card and an industrial personal computer which are sequentially and electrically connected with the CCD camera, wherein,
the illumination device is positioned at the top of the position of the PCB to be printed, which corresponds to the original point coordinate of the layout template, and illuminates the PCB to be printed at a fixed inclination angle;
the CCD camera is positioned right above the PCB to be printed and is used for acquiring an image of the PCB;
the image acquisition card is used for processing the image of the PCB and obtaining a data signal to be stored in the industrial personal computer;
the industrial personal computer obtains position coordinates of the PCB to be printed, corresponding to the original point coordinates, initial printing position coordinates and welding point image data of the PCB after welding according to the images of the PCB; and comparing the coordinates with corresponding coordinates of the layout template respectively to judge errors, and performing correction control on the layout template and the welded PCB.
Preferably, the PCB board further comprises a PC, and the PC is electrically connected with the CCD camera and used for displaying the shot image of the PCB board.
Preferably, the CCD camera acquires an image of the PCB to be printed and an image of a welding spot of the PCB after welding.
Preferably, the correction control of the PCB after welding by the industrial personal computer comprises controlling the soldering mechanism to perform repair welding on the PCB again.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a PCB printing machine vision detection method and system based on CCD recognition, which realizes the coordinate alignment of a layout template and a PCB to be printed to obtain board error data, adjusts the whole position of a soldering tin area of the current layout template according to the board error data to ensure that the whole welding spot area on the PCB reaches a standard position and is also the process of adjusting the position of the whole soldering tin area.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a PCB printing machine vision inspection method based on CCD identification according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary PCB printing machine vision inspection system based on CCD recognition;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a positional relationship of a PCB board photographed by a CCD camera according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an initial printing position of a PCB to be printed according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a PCB printing machine vision detection method based on CCD recognition, referring to the flow chart disclosed in fig. 1, including the following steps:
s1, obtaining and storing the layout template, wherein the layout template comprises the original point coordinates of the layout template, the position coordinates of each soldering tin area on the layout template, and the initial printing point coordinates;
s2, acquiring image data of the PCB to be printed, positioning the position of the PCB to be printed corresponding to the origin coordinate, and acquiring an initial printing position 6 of the PCB to be printed;
in order to further optimize the technical scheme, the origin coordinates of the layout template are set as one vertex position coordinates of the layout template, namely the origin position 5, the position coordinates of one vertex corresponding to the positions of the PCB to be printed and the origin coordinates are positioned, and the positioning method comprises the step of coinciding with the origin coordinates.
S3, comparing the initial printing point coordinates with the initial printing position 6 to obtain plate error data;
referring to fig. 4 of the specification, the X, Y-axis distance value of the origin position 5 of the PCB to be printed with respect to the initial printing position 6 is compared with the X, Y-axis distance value of the origin coordinates of the layout template with respect to the initial printing point coordinates to calculate a difference value, and board error data is obtained. This indicates that the solder area as a whole is displaced, and in this case, if not corrected, all the pad positions are displaced.
S4, correcting the current layout template for one time according to the plate error data;
the process of performing one correction on the current layout template comprises the following steps:
s41, caching the current layout template;
s42, adjusting the position of the whole soldering tin area of the cached layout template until the coordinate of the initial printing point is superposed with the coordinate of the initial printing position 6;
and S43, updating the current layout template with the adjusted cache layout template.
The correction of the layout template directly adjusts the position deviation of the whole soldering tin area relative to the PCB, and solves the problem that the mechanical positioning mechanism cannot realize the high-precision positioning of the PCB.
S5, obtaining welding spot image data of the PCB after welding, and comparing the soldering tin area on the layout template with the welding spot position of the welding spot image data to obtain welding spot error data; and comparing the coordinates of each soldering tin area on the layout template with the corresponding welding spot position in the welding spot image data one by one to obtain error data of each welding spot.
And S6, performing secondary repair welding correction on the PCB after welding according to the welding spot error data. Judging whether the welding spot error data is larger than a preset error threshold value, if so, performing secondary repair welding correction on the welded PCB; if not, the product is qualified. Judging whether the welding spot error data is larger than a preset error threshold upper limit, if so, determining that the welding spot error data is a defective product, and flowing out of the production line; and if not, performing secondary repair welding correction on the welded PCB. For the PCB larger than the upper limit of the preset error threshold, the deviation amount of a single welding point is beyond the allowable range of the position to be welded, and the danger of welding point bridging is very likely to occur, so that the PCB is directly judged to be unqualified and flows out of a production line for maintenance treatment.
Referring to the attached figures 2 and 3 of the specification, the invention also provides a PCB printing machine vision detection system based on CCD identification, which comprises an illumination device 1, a CCD camera 2, an image acquisition card 3 and an industrial personal computer 4 which are sequentially and electrically connected with the CCD camera 2, wherein,
the illumination device 1 is positioned at the top of the PCB to be printed corresponding to the original point coordinates of the layout template, and illuminates the PCB to be printed at a fixed inclination angle;
the CCD camera 2 is positioned right above the PCB to be printed and is used for acquiring an image of the PCB; the CCD camera 2 acquires an image of the PCB to be printed and an image of a welding spot of the PCB after welding.
The image acquisition card 3 is used for processing the image of the PCB and obtaining a data signal to be stored in the industrial personal computer 4; the image acquisition card 3 converts the image signal into a data value and sends the data value to the industrial personal computer 4
The industrial personal computer 4 obtains the position coordinate of the PCB to be printed corresponding to the original point coordinate, the initial printing position 6 coordinate and the welding point image data of the PCB after welding according to the image of the PCB; and comparing the coordinates with corresponding coordinates of the layout template respectively to judge errors, and performing correction control on the layout template and the welded PCB. The correction control of the industrial personal computer 4 on the PCB after welding comprises controlling the soldering mechanism to perform repair welding on the PCB again.
And the PC 7 is electrically connected with the CCD camera 2 and is used for displaying the shot images of the PCB.
The PCB printing machine vision detection system provided by the invention can realize the identification and positioning of the surface device of the PCB, carry out online detection, error measurement and feedback, and complete online vision checking or teaching.
The PCB printing machine vision inspection method and system based on CCD recognition provided by the present invention are introduced in detail above, and the principle and implementation of the present invention are explained in detail herein by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term "comprising", without further limitation, means that the element so defined is not excluded from the group consisting of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. A PCB printing machine vision detection method based on CCD recognition is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, obtaining and storing a layout template, wherein the layout template comprises an original point coordinate of the layout template, position coordinates of each soldering tin area on the layout template, and an initial printing point coordinate;
s2, acquiring image data of the PCB to be printed, positioning the position of the PCB to be printed corresponding to the origin coordinate, and acquiring an initial printing position of the PCB to be printed;
s3, comparing the initial printing point coordinates with the initial printing position to obtain plate error data;
s4, correcting the current layout template for one time according to the plate error data;
s5, obtaining welding spot image data of the PCB after welding, and comparing the soldering tin area on the layout template with the welding spot position of the welding spot image data to obtain welding spot error data;
and S6, performing secondary repair welding correction on the PCB after welding according to the welding spot error data.
2. The vision inspection method for PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said S1, the origin coordinates of the layout template is set as a vertex position coordinates of the layout template.
3. The vision inspection method of PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 2, wherein in S2, the location coordinate of a vertex corresponding to the location of the origin coordinate on PCB to be printed is located, the location method includes coinciding with the origin coordinate.
4. The vision inspection method for PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the process of performing one correction on the current layout template comprises:
s41, caching the current layout template;
s42, adjusting the position of the cached integral soldering tin area of the layout template until the coordinate of the initial printing point is superposed with the coordinate of the initial printing position;
and S43, updating the current layout template with the adjusted cache layout template.
5. The visual inspection method of PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S5, each solder region on the layout template is coordinate-compared with the corresponding solder joint position in the solder joint image data one by one to obtain the error data of each solder joint.
6. The vision inspection method for PCB printing machines based on CCD identification of claim 1, wherein in S6, it is determined whether the error data of the welding spot is greater than a preset error threshold, if yes, the PCB after welding is corrected by second repair welding; if not, the product is qualified.
7. The utility model provides a PCB printing machine vision detecting system based on CCD discernment which characterized in that: comprises an illumination device, a CCD camera, an image acquisition card and an industrial personal computer which are sequentially and electrically connected with the CCD camera, wherein,
the illumination device is positioned at the top of the position of the PCB to be printed, which corresponds to the original point coordinate of the layout template, and illuminates the PCB to be printed at a fixed inclination angle;
the CCD camera is positioned right above the PCB to be printed and is used for acquiring an image of the PCB;
the image acquisition card is used for processing the image of the PCB and obtaining a data signal to be stored in the industrial personal computer;
the industrial personal computer obtains position coordinates of the PCB to be printed, corresponding to the original point coordinates, initial printing position coordinates and welding point image data of the PCB after welding according to the images of the PCB; and comparing the error judgment with the corresponding coordinates of the layout template respectively, and performing correction control on the layout template and the welded PCB.
8. The vision inspection system of PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a PC, electrically connected to the CCD camera, for displaying the photographed image of the PCB.
9. The vision inspection system of PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 7, wherein said CCD camera obtains the image of PCB to be printed and the image of welding point of PCB after welding.
10. The vision inspection system of PCB printing machine based on CCD identification as claimed in claim 7, wherein the said industrial control computer controls the correction of PCB after welding including controlling the soldering mechanism to repair welding PCB again.
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| CN112165853A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-01 | 怀化建南机器厂有限公司 | PCB solder paste printing quality inspection method, device and system |
| CN112135511A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-25 | 怀化建南机器厂有限公司 | PCB solder paste printing quality inspection method, device and system |
| CN113305384A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-08-27 | 苏州加贺智能设备有限公司 | Intelligent repair welding method and system |
| CN113514475A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-10-19 | 深圳格芯集成电路装备有限公司 | Method for generating reference template for chip detection and related equipment |
| CN116339278B (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-12-12 | 威凯检测技术有限公司 | Intelligent kitchen electric circuit control board detection system and evaluation method |
| CN115906745B (en) * | 2022-11-27 | 2023-09-15 | 青岛青软晶尊微电子科技有限公司 | Method and device for constructing visual operating system |
| CN116206381B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-11 | 深圳市中际宏图科技有限公司 | Camera module production management monitoring analysis system based on machine vision |
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