CN110207749A - Top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance - Google Patents
Top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN110207749A CN110207749A CN201910486030.0A CN201910486030A CN110207749A CN 110207749 A CN110207749 A CN 110207749A CN 201910486030 A CN201910486030 A CN 201910486030A CN 110207749 A CN110207749 A CN 110207749A
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Abstract
A kind of top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance of the present invention, which is characterized in that the experimental provision includes: simulation wellbore hole, for simulating live wellbore；Gas injection system, for high pressure gas to be transported to the simulation wellbore hole, to simulate the blowout of varying strength；Liquid injection system, for well killing fluid to be transported to the simulation wellbore hole, to simulate the top kill-job operation of different operating conditions；The circulatory system, for providing channel for the gentle body circulation of well killing fluid；Data collection system is acquired and monitors for the data to simulated experiment process；Control system, for controlling the gas injection system and liquid injection system, the gas injection system receives the control that the control system instruction carries out gas displacement, and the liquid injection system receives the control that the control system instruction carries out liquid displacement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of imitative experimental appliances of unconventional well control, especially with regard to a kind of top well killing method kill-job
Imitative experimental appliance is related to petroleum, natural gas well control technical field.
Background technique
In oil gas drilling, blowout is to threaten the serious drilling failure of people's security of the lives and property, is often led to serious
Consequence.The leakage of the toxic gas as caused by blowout is possible to will lead to the death of on-site personnel and surrounding resident；By
Fire caused by blowout can also endanger the safety of life and property of people；The crude oil leakage as caused by blowout pollutes the environment, and breaks
The agriculture of bad surrounding, fishing, is herded woods, and serious person even can destroy the existing ecological balance.The reason of blowout occurs is varied,
Prediction is difficult.Timely and effectively the reduction blowout risk of high degree is capable of in well control operation after blowout generation, is reduced environmental pollution,
Economic loss is reduced, casualties is reduced.
Top well killing method can cope with conventional Well Killing method can not cope with drill bit not shaft bottom, blocking, can not closing well etc. it is multiple
The blowout of general labourer's condition, have multiple control well advantage: 1) applicable working condition range is wide: top well killing method is connected to drill string with annular space
It is all suitable for disconnected operating condition；It is empty for pit shaft spray to be all suitable for the operating condition for not spraying sky；For drilling tool in shaft bottom and not in well
The operating condition at bottom is all suitable for；It is strong for well head bearing capacity and bearing capacity is weak is all suitable for.2) the kill-job time is short: top well killing method is straight
It connects from well head and controls blowout well, the waiting time is not present, the well control time is shorter.3) stratum: top well killing method Well Killing Process is protected
In stratum can be effectively protected by the control to bottom pressure.
But top well killing method is still immature, adverse current of the model that theory is established there is still a need for experimental verification, in Well Killing Process
It is also required to experimental study, kill-job material rule successful for kill-job needs Experimental Research.Therefore, a set of perfect top kill-job
It is most important that method experimental provision studies top well killing method for technical staff.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance, Neng Goumo
The operating condition of quasi- top well killing method kill-job, characteristic is almost the same with physical device, can satisfy at the top of technical staff simulated
The requirement of experiment of kill-job.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance,
The experimental provision includes:
Simulation wellbore hole, for simulating live wellbore；
Gas injection system, for high pressure gas to be transported to the simulation wellbore hole, to simulate the blowout of varying strength；
Liquid injection system, for well killing fluid to be transported to the simulation wellbore hole, to simulate the top kill-job operation of different operating conditions；
The circulatory system, for providing channel for the gentle body circulation of well killing fluid；
Data collection system is acquired and monitors for the data to simulated experiment process；
Control system, for controlling the gas injection system and liquid injection system, the gas injection system, which receives, carries out gas displacement
Control, the liquid injection system carry out the control of liquid displacement.
Further, the simulation wellbore hole includes transparent inner tube and transparent outer tube；
The transparent inner tube is for simulating live wellbore；
The transparent outer tube is used to protect the transparent inner tube, prevents the liquid splashes carried out by high-speed gas,
Liquid reflux is forced, and liquid reflux channel is provided.
Further, the gas injection system includes High-Pressure Compressor, high pressure gas cylinder group, pressure reducing valve and air shooter
Road；
The High-Pressure Compressor is used to atmospheric air being compressed into high pressure gas；
The high pressure gas cylinder group is for storing high pressure gas；
The pressure reducing valve makes the pressure of gas meet reality for the high pressure gas of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder group to be depressured
The needs tested；
The gas transmission pipeline is used to the gas after decompression being transported to the transparent inner tube lower end.
Further, the liquid injection system include cold water storage tank, high pressure liquid phase pump, liquid conducting pipes, injection plug and
Injection nozzle；
The cold water storage tank well killing fluid good for storage configuration；
The high pressure liquid phase pump is used to well killing fluid being pumped into the transparent inner cylinder upper end；
The liquid conducting pipes provide flow channel for well killing fluid；
The injection plug is used to well killing fluid drainage making it into the transparent inner cylinder；
The injection nozzle setting is in the injection plug lower end, by adjusting the length and injection of the injection plug
The shape size of nozzle simulates the top kill-job operation under different operating conditions.
Further, the circulatory system includes circulating line and counterbalance valve；
One end of the circulating line connects the cold water storage tank, and the other end connection of the circulating line is described transparent outer
Pipe, the well killing fluid for being discharged between the transparent outer tube and transparent inner tube in time；
The counterbalance valve is arranged on the circulating line for keeping the pressure in the simulation wellbore hole.
Further, the control system includes gas flow controller and control pump variable frequency device；
The gas flow controller is used to control the adjustment that the pressure reducing valve carries out gas spouting velocity, simulates different strong
The blowout of degree；
The liquid flow controller is used to control the high pressure liquid phase pump and carries out the adjustment that well killing fluid is pumped into speed, simulation
Top kill-job process.
Further, data collection system includes experiment monitoring device, three pressure sensors, gas flowmeter, liquid
Flowmeter and high-speed camera；
Three pressure sensors are separately positioned on the well head of the transparent inner tube, and in well and shaft bottom monitors respectively
Well head, pit shaft middle position and shaft bottom pressure data, and send the experiment monitoring device for the pressure data of monitoring；
The gas flowmeter setting monitors gas displacement in the gas transmission pipeline, and the data monitored are sent
To the experiment monitoring device；
The fluid flowmeter setting monitors well killing fluid discharge capacity in the liquid delivery tube, and the data monitored are sent
To the experiment monitoring device；
The video camera is used to record the gas-liquid counter current process for executing top kill-job simulated operation.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme, which has the following advantages:
1, the present invention, which simulates, occurs the operating condition that blowout executes top kill-job operation in drilling process, true top kill-job is difficult
Become to visualize with two adverse currents of gas-liquid in the pit shaft of observation, meets the technical requirements that researcher carries out simulation kill-job experiment；
2, the present invention considers the actual conditions at kill-job scene, and well head is designed as free ejection state, abundant with scene
Unanimously；In addition, the present invention can simulate drill bit in shaft bottom and drill bit not in the operating condition in shaft bottom, it is empty and not yet can also to simulate spray
Empty operating condition is sprayed, the sensibility of the factors such as different injection pipe depth of settings and jet size, shape can be equally probed into, injection is inserted
Head and injection nozzle flexible structure are variable, are convenient for in-site installation and variation；
3, data collection system of the present invention includes three pressure sensors, fluid flowmeter and gas flowmeter, three pressures
Force snesor is respectively distributed to simulation wellbore well head, well medium height position and shaft bottom, monitors well head, pit shaft interposition respectively
It sets and kill-job flow quantity, data is transmitted in the pressure in shaft bottom, gas flowmeter measurement transmission gas flow, fluid flowmeter measurement
Acquisition system records pressure and gas-liquid flow automatic data collection, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources；
To sum up, the present invention can be widely applied in the well killing method simulated experiment of top.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top provided in an embodiment of the present invention surrounds complex conditions kill-job, realizes and bores
Head is not in the successful kill-job experiment of the complicated blowout such as shaft bottom, responding curve of well, as shown in Figure 1, including simulation wellbore hole, gas injection system, note
Liquid system, the circulatory system, data collection system and control system.
Simulation wellbore hole includes transparent outer tube 11 and transparent inner tube 12, wherein and transparent outer tube 11 is used to protect transparent inner tube 12,
The liquid splashes carried out by high-speed gas are prevented, liquid reflux is forced, and provide the channel of liquid reflux, it is transparent interior
Pipe 12 is that well killing fluid lands and establishes the place of its kill-job fluid column, for the main detection area of experiment for simulating live wellbore.
Gas injection system includes High-Pressure Compressor 21, high pressure gas cylinder group 22, pressure reducing valve 23 and gas transmission pipeline 24, height
Pressure air compressor 21 is used to atmospheric air being compressed into high pressure gas, provides high pressurized gas, high pressure gas cylinder group 22 for experiment
For storing high pressure gas, pressure reducing valve 23 makes the pressure of gas for the high pressure gas of high-pressure oxygen cylinder group 22 to be depressured
The needs for meeting experiment, gas after decompression are transported to the lower end of transparent inner tube 12 by gas transmission pipeline 24, directly with pressure
Well liquid liquidates.
Liquid injection system includes cold water storage tank 31, high pressure liquid phase pump 32, liquid conducting pipes 33, injection plug 34 and injection spray
Mouth 35, the well killing fluid good for storage configuration of cold water storage tank 31, high pressure liquid phase pump 32 are that well killing fluid is pumped into transparent 12 upper end of inner cylinder
Power source, provide conveying energy for well killing fluid, liquid conducting pipes 33 provide flow channel for well killing fluid, and injection plug 34 is used
In well killing fluid drainage is made it into transparent inner cylinder, length be can change, and injection nozzle 35 is mounted under injection plug 34
End, shapes and sizes can change, by adjusting the length of injection plug 34 and the shape size of injection nozzle 35, simulation
Top kill-job operation under different operating conditions.
The circulatory system includes circulating line 41 and counterbalance valve 42, and one end of circulating line 41 connects cold water storage tank 31, circulation
The other end connection transparent outer tube 11 of pipeline provides the channel of well killing fluid reflux, and transparent outer tube 11 and transparent inner tube are discharged in time
Well killing fluid between 12, counterbalance valve 42 are arranged on circulating line 41 for keeping the pressure in pit shaft, meet experimental principle need
It asks, when pressure is greater than the setting pressure of counterbalance valve 42 in simulation wellbore hole, counterbalance valve 42 is opened, and gas-liquid mixture passes through counterbalance valve 42
Through part flow arrangement, gas is discharged into atmosphere, and liquid is through 41 Returning water storage tank 31 of circulating line.
Data collection system includes experiment monitoring device 51, first pressure sensor 52, second pressure sensor 53, third
Pressure sensor 54, gas flowmeter 55, fluid flowmeter 55 and high-speed camera 57, experiment monitoring device 51 are experimental datas
The core devices of storage are acquired, the setting of first pressure sensor 52 is in transparent 12 upper end outlet of inner tube for monitoring transparent inner tube 12
The pressure of upper end outlet, and it sends experiment monitoring device 51, second pressure at set time intervals by the data monitored
Sensor 53 is arranged in for monitoring the pressure at transparent 12 middle part of inner tube in the middle part of transparent inner tube 12, and by the data monitored to set
Interval of fixing time is sent to experiment monitoring device 51, and the setting of third pressure sensor 54 is exported in transparent inner end lower end for monitoring
The pressure of transparent 12 bottom of inner tube, and the data monitored are transferred to experiment monitoring device 51, gas at set time intervals
Flowmeter body 55 is arranged gas transmission pipeline 24 and monitors gas displacement, and the data monitored are transmitted at set time intervals
To experiment monitoring device 51, the setting of fluid flowmeter 55 monitors well killing fluid discharge capacity in liquid conducting pipes 33, and will monitor
Data are transferred at intervals to experiment monitoring device 51 with setting time, and high-speed camera 57 executes top kill-job simulation behaviour for recording
The gas-liquid counter current process of work.
Control system controls gas injection system and liquid injection system, and the order that gas injection system receives control system carries out gas displacement
Control, liquid injection system receive control system order carry out liquid displacement control.Specifically, control system includes gas stream
Amount controller 61 and control pump variable frequency device 62.Wherein, gas flow controller 61 controls gas displacement size in experimentation
To simulate the blowout of varying strength, control pump variable frequency device 62 controls the size of liquid displacement to simulate different well killing fluid discharge capacity items
Top Well Killing Process under part.
It is described in detail below by specific embodiment and is carried out using top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance of the invention
The detailed process of top kill-job experiment.
Embodiment 1: without drilling tool and empty top well killing method experiment is sprayed in pit shaft
Injection plug 34 is mounted at transparent 12 upper end outlet of inner tube, is full of in transparent inner tube 12 by gas, no hydrops, nothing
Other rod tubes.Kill-job operation, the well killing fluid in cold water storage tank 31 is increased through high pressure liquid phase pump 32 at the top of executing under this operating condition
Energy is delivered to injection plug 34 by liquid conducting pipes 33, transparent inner tube 12 is injected through injection nozzle 35, under transparent inner tube 12
End connection gas injection system, gas are compressed into high pressure gas and are stored in high pressure gas cylinder group 22 by High-Pressure Compressor 21,
High pressure gas depressurizes through pressure reducing valve 23 and is delivered to transparent 12 lower end of inner tube by gas transmission pipeline 24, directly with well killing fluid pair
Punching.Pressure and flow, flow regime information in experiment are adopted by each pressure sensor, flowmeter and high-speed camera 57 respectively
Collection.
Embodiment 2: empty top well killing method experiment is not sprayed without drilling tool and in pit shaft
Injection plug 34 is mounted at transparent 12 upper end outlet of inner tube, and there is certain hydrops transparent 12 lower end of inner tube, without it
His rod tube.Well killing fluid in cold water storage tank 31 is increased energy through high pressure liquid phase pump 32 by kill-job operation at the top of executing under this operating condition
Amount is delivered to injection plug 34 by liquid conducting pipes 33, injects transparent inner tube 12, transparent 12 lower end of inner tube through injection nozzle 35
Gas injection system is connected, gas is compressed into high pressure gas by High-Pressure Compressor 21 and to be stored in high pressure gas cylinder group 22 middle and high
Body of calming the anger depressurizes through pressure reducing valve 23 and is delivered to transparent 12 lower end of inner tube by gas transmission pipeline 24, passes through lower end hydrops and top
Well killing fluid liquidates.Pressure and flow in experiment, flow regime information is respectively by each pressure sensor, flowmeter and high-speed camera
Machine 57 acquires.
Embodiment 3: having drilling tool in pit shaft but top well killing method of the drilling tool not in shaft bottom is tested
Injection plug 34 is mounted in transparent inner tube 12 (different length that can design injection plug), in transparent inner tube 12
It is full of by gas, no hydrops.Kill-job operation at the top of being executed under this operating condition, by the well killing fluid in cold water storage tank 31 through high pressure liquid phase
32 increase energy of pump is delivered to injection plug 34 by liquid conducting pipes 33, injects transparent inner tube 12 through injection nozzle 35, transparent
12 lower end of inner tube connects gas injection system, and gas is compressed into high pressure gas and is stored in high pressure gas cylinder by High-Pressure Compressor 21
22 middle high-pressure gases of group depressurize through pressure reducing valve 23 and are delivered to transparent 12 lower end of inner tube by gas transmission pipeline 24, with well killing fluid
It liquidates.Pressure and flow in experiment, flow regime information are adopted by each pressure sensor, flowmeter and high-speed camera 57 respectively
Collection.
According to the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art in the invention can also be to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula carries out change and modification appropriate.Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, to this
Some modifications and changes of invention should also be as falling into the scope of the claims of the present invention.In addition, although this specification
In use some specific terms, these terms are merely for convenience of description, does not limit the present invention in any way.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of top well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance, which is characterized in that the experimental provision includes:
Simulation wellbore hole, for simulating live wellbore；
Gas injection system, for high pressure gas to be transported to the simulation wellbore hole, to simulate the blowout of varying strength；
Liquid injection system, for well killing fluid to be transported to the simulation wellbore hole, to simulate the top kill-job operation of different operating conditions；
The circulatory system, for providing channel for the gentle body circulation of well killing fluid；
Data collection system is acquired and monitors for the data to simulated experiment process；
Control system, for controlling the gas injection system and liquid injection system, the gas injection system receives the control for carrying out gas displacement,
The liquid injection system carries out the control of liquid displacement.
2. well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the simulation wellbore hole packet
Include transparent inner tube and transparent outer tube；
The transparent inner tube is for simulating live wellbore；
The transparent outer tube prevents the liquid splashes carried out by high-speed gas, forces for protecting the transparent inner tube
Liquid reflux, and liquid reflux channel is provided.
3. well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the gas injection system packet
Include High-Pressure Compressor, high pressure gas cylinder group, pressure reducing valve and gas transmission pipeline；
The High-Pressure Compressor is used to atmospheric air being compressed into high pressure gas；
The high pressure gas cylinder group is for storing high pressure gas；
The pressure reducing valve makes the pressure of gas meet experiment for the high pressure gas of the high-pressure oxygen cylinder group to be depressured
It needs；
The gas transmission pipeline is used to the gas after decompression being transported to the transparent inner tube lower end.
4. well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the liquid injection system packet
Include cold water storage tank, high pressure liquid phase pump, liquid conducting pipes, injection plug and injection nozzle；
The cold water storage tank well killing fluid good for storage configuration；
The high pressure liquid phase pump is used to well killing fluid being pumped into the transparent inner cylinder upper end；
The liquid conducting pipes provide flow channel for well killing fluid；
The injection plug is used to well killing fluid drainage making it into the transparent inner cylinder；
The injection nozzle setting is in the injection plug lower end, by adjusting the length and injection nozzle of the injection plug
Shape size, simulate under different operating conditions top kill-job operation.
5. well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the circulatory system packet
Include circulating line and counterbalance valve；
One end of the circulating line connects the cold water storage tank, and the other end of the circulating line connects the transparent outer tube,
Well killing fluid for being discharged between the transparent outer tube and transparent inner tube in time；
The counterbalance valve is arranged on the circulating line for keeping the pressure in the simulation wellbore hole.
6. well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the control system packet
Include gas flow controller and control pump variable frequency device；
The gas flow controller is used to control the adjustment that the pressure reducing valve carries out gas spouting velocity, simulates varying strength
Blowout；
The liquid flow controller is used to control the high pressure liquid phase pump and carries out the adjustment that well killing fluid is pumped into speed, and simulation is different
Top Well Killing Process under the conditions of well killing fluid discharge capacity.
7. well killing method kill-job imitative experimental appliance in top according to any one of claim 4 to 6, which is characterized in that data
Acquisition system includes experiment monitoring device, three pressure sensors, gas flowmeter, fluid flowmeter and high-speed camera；
Three pressure sensors are separately positioned on the well head of the transparent inner tube, in well and shaft bottom, monitor respectively well head,
The pressure data in pit shaft middle position and shaft bottom, and the experiment monitoring device is sent by the pressure data of monitoring；
The gas flowmeter setting monitors gas displacement in the gas transmission pipeline, and sends institute for the data monitored
State experiment monitoring device；
The fluid flowmeter setting monitors well killing fluid discharge capacity in the liquid delivery tube, and sends institute for the data monitored
State experiment monitoring device；
The video camera is used to record the gas-liquid counter current process for executing top kill-job simulated operation.
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| CN112145170A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-29 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Oil-gas well blowout experiment simulation device and operation method |
| CN115410443A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-29 | 西南石油大学 | Control system for blowout simulation training |
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| CN115410443A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-11-29 | 西南石油大学 | Control system for blowout simulation training |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110207749B (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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