CN110202226A - A kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and method - Google Patents

A kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110202226A
CN110202226A CN201910426137.6A CN201910426137A CN110202226A CN 110202226 A CN110202226 A CN 110202226A CN 201910426137 A CN201910426137 A CN 201910426137A CN 110202226 A CN110202226 A CN 110202226A
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China
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
workpiece
aspect ratio
tool
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CN201910426137.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张西方
李华
殷振
任坤
谢鸥
丁雯钰
王中旺
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Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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Suzhou University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN201910426137.6A priority Critical patent/CN110202226A/en
Publication of CN110202226A publication Critical patent/CN110202226A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H11/00Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H5/00Combined machining
    • B23H5/06Electrochemical machining combined with mechanical working, e.g. grinding or honing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H5/00Combined machining
    • B23H5/10Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H5/00Combined machining
    • B23H5/14Supply or regeneration of working media
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/008Surface roughening or texturing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and method, including machine tool main body, workpiece anode, anode drive mechanism, tool cathode, cathode driving mechanism, the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system being connected with the tool cathode, electrolysis power is axially disposed at the cathode through-hole and electrolyte circulation system of tool cathode position of center line.The electrolyte of the electrolyte circulation system impacts the finished surface of the workpiece anode from the cathode through-hole high speed ejection, the electrolysis power is powered, the cathode driving mechanism drives the tool cathode movement, the anode drive mechanism drives the workpiece anode movement, the tool cathode carries out micro-structure processing to the workpiece anode, ultrasonic energy is focused on the narrow region in work pieces process face by the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system, required groove structure easily and efficiently can be processed in workpiece surface, realize the processing of high aspect ratio trench quite.

Description

A kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to milling technology field more particularly to a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and methods.
Background technique
When pipe electrode is electrolysed Milling Process high aspect ratio trench quite, since processing gap is smaller and pipe electrode internal diameter is smaller, So that Joule heat, bubble, non-conductive insoluble product that Electrolyzed Processing generates easily are jammed in processing gap, cause electrolyte Conductivity changes, and causes electrolyte to timely update, electrolysate discharge difficulty, so that processing uniformity, stability decline The problems such as.When pipe electrode is electrolysed Milling Process, machining area edge is dissolved under low current density, causes slot wedge spuious Corrosion.And in electrode Milling Processes, electrolyte jet stream sprays impact to workpiece machining surface, with workpiece material Dissolution and the variation of groove structure size, electrolyte are reflected onto the undressed area of workpiece surface when flowing along slot negative camber, draw Dispersion corrosion is played, groove processing locality and machining accuracy are reduced.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant), including machine tool main body, if The workpiece anode being placed in the machine tool main body drives the workpiece anode to drive in the mobile anode of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction Motivation structure, the tool cathode being set to above the workpiece anode, drives the tool cathode in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction Mobile cathode driving mechanism, the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system being connected with the tool cathode, be connected to the tool cathode and Electrolysis power between the workpiece anode is axially disposed at the cathode through-hole of the tool cathode position of center line, and The electrolyte circulation system being connected to the cathode through-hole.
Further, the tool cathode includes micro-electrode and the insulation that is set on the micro-electrode lateral wall Layer, the cathode through-hole are set to the center of the micro-electrode.
Further, the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system include the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer being connected with the tool cathode, with It the connected single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer, the ultrasonic power being connected with the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and sets It is placed in the bending vibration spherical shell of longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer bottom, the position of center line of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is provided with and the yin The connected luffing rod through-hole of pole through-hole, the electrolyte circulation system are connected with the luffing rod through-hole.
Further, the electrolyte circulation system include electrolytic bath, the centrifugal pump being connected with the electrolytic bath, The outlet tube for being connected to the centrifugation pump output terminal, the pressure gauge and pressure-control valve, Yi Jishe being set on the outlet tube The filter being placed at the centrifugal pump inlet, the outlet tube are connected with the luffing rod through-hole.
The present invention also provides a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing methods, including high-aspect-ratio ditch described in any one as above Grooving apparatus the described method comprises the following steps:
A) workpiece anode is placed in the anode drive mechanism of machine tool main body, the electrolyte of the electrolyte circulation system It is sprayed on the workpiece anode by the cathode through-hole;The cathode driving mechanism drives the tool cathode move, is described Anode drive mechanism drives the workpiece anode movement, carries out milling to the workpiece anode;
B) it when the workpiece anode surface is left in the tool cathode acceleration, processes and forms very big negative pressure drawn game in gap Portion's vacuum, so that moment forms microdischarge cavities in electrolyte;
C) when the tool cathode is accelerated close to the workpiece anode surface, the microdischarge cavities are re-closed, and are formed hydraulic Shock wave;
D) step b) and step c) are repeated repeatedly, mills out high aspect ratio trench quite micro-structure on the workpiece anode.
High aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) of the invention, the electrolyte of the electrolyte circulation system is from the cathode through-hole High speed ejection impacts the finished surface of the workpiece anode, and the electrolysis power is powered, described in the cathode driving mechanism driving Tool cathode movement, the anode drive mechanism drive the workpiece anode movement, and the tool cathode is to the workpiece anode Micro-structure processing is carried out, ultrasonic energy is focused on the narrow region in work pieces process face by the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system, can be square Just required groove structure efficiently is processed in workpiece surface, realizes the processing of high aspect ratio trench quite.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic illustration of the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) of the invention;
In the figure, it is marked as machine tool main body 1, workpiece anode 2, industrial CCD camera detection unit 21, voltage sensor 22, electricity Flow sensor 23, data collecting card 24, anode drive mechanism 3, tool cathode 4, cathode through-hole 41, micro-electrode 42, insulating layer 43, cathode driving mechanism 5, spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system 6, longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 61, single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter 62, ultrasonic power 63, bending vibration spherical shell 64, luffing rod through-hole 65, electrolysis power 7, electrolyte circulation system 8, electrolytic bath 81, centrifugal pump 82, Outlet tube 83, pressure gauge 84, pressure-control valve 85, filter 86, laser doppler vibrometer 9.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning Same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions are indicated to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng The embodiment for examining attached drawing description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the following description, structure and working method of the invention in order to clearly demonstrate, will be by many Directional words Be described, but should by "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "inner", "outside", " upward ", " downward ", " to The Word Understandings such as a left side ", " to the right ", " forward ", " backward ", " inside ", " outside " are not construed as limiting for convenience of term Property word.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the present invention provides a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant), including machine tool main body 1, setting Workpiece anode 2 in the machine tool main body 1 drives the anode that the workpiece anode 2 is mobile in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction Driving mechanism 3 is set to the tool cathode 4 of 2 top of workpiece anode, drives the tool cathode 4 in X-axis, Y-axis and Z The mobile cathode driving mechanism 5 of axis direction, the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system 6 being connected with the tool cathode 4 are connected to the work Have the electrolysis power 7 between cathode 4 and the workpiece anode 2, is axially disposed at the yin of 4 position of center line of tool cathode Pole through-hole 41, and the electrolyte circulation system 8 being connected to the cathode through-hole 41.The electrolysis of the electrolyte circulation system 8 Liquid impacts the finished surface of the workpiece anode 2 from 41 high speed ejection of cathode through-hole, and the electrolysis power 7 is powered, described Cathode driving mechanism 5 drives the tool cathode 4 to move, and the anode drive mechanism 3 drives the workpiece anode 2 to move, institute It states tool cathode 4 and micro-structure processing is carried out to the workpiece anode 2, the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system 6 focuses ultrasonic energy In the region that work pieces process face is narrow, required groove structure easily and efficiently can be processed in workpiece surface, realize high-aspect-ratio The processing of groove.
Since electrolysis generates the passivating film that thickness is very thin, intensity is far below basis material in workpiece surface, ball is utilized Ultrasonic focusing system 6 effect of vibration in face can with locality remove workpiece surface processing district passivating film, improve workpiece surface material Dissolved state, the surface after Damage of Passive Film promptly generate new passivating film due to electrolysis again, prevent further electricity Solution, the dispersion corrosion effect that high current density usually avoidable in this way generates when being electrolysed, improves micro-structure machining accuracy and processing Quality.
The tool cathode 4 includes micro-electrode 42 and the insulating layer 43 being set on 42 lateral wall of micro-electrode, The cathode through-hole 41 is set to the center of the micro-electrode 42.Use rodlike or spherical micro-electrode as described micro- Thin electrode 42 is connect, in the outside of the subtle electrode 42 with the spherical curve of the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system 6 vibration spherical shell The insulating layer 43 is set on wall, the 42 lateral wall stray electrical current of micro-electrode can be greatly reduced in process to micro- The influence of structure surface quality improves the technological level of micro-electrochemical machining Milling Process micro-structure, improves product quality.
As shown in connection with fig. 3, the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system 6 includes the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer being connected with the tool cathode 4 61, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter 62 being connected with the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 61, the ultrasound being connected with the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter 62 Wave power supply 63 and the bending vibration spherical shell 64 for being set to 61 bottom of longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer, the center of the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer 61 Line position is provided with the luffing rod through-hole 65 being connected with the cathode through-hole 41, the electrolyte circulation system 8 and the luffing Rod through-hole 65 is connected.According to ultrasonic vibration principle and focus ultrasonic effect, the extensional vibration generated by piezoelectric ceramics is through described vertical Amplitude transformer 61 of shaking is amplified, and is converted in 6 end face of spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system by compound curved of extensional vibration and radial vibration Qu Zhendong, the compound vibration of the vibration of bending vibration spherical shell 64 and the 62 median plane extensional vibration of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter composition It is dynamic to focus on ultrasonic energy field-effect in Milling Process workpiece surface region, wherein La is focal length, and L is burnt section length, and W is coke Sector width.
The electrolyte circulation system 8 includes electrolytic bath 81, the centrifugal pump 82 being connected with the electrolytic bath 81, connect In the outlet tube 83 of 82 output end of centrifugal pump, the pressure gauge 84 that is set on the outlet tube 83 and pressure-control valve 85, And it is set to the filter 86 of 82 inlet of centrifugal pump, the outlet tube 83 is connected with the luffing rod through-hole 65.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) further includes being set to the spherical surface to surpass Laser doppler vibrometer 9 at sound focusing system 6.The laser doppler vibrometer 9 is used for On-line testing ultrasonic amplitude, frequency The parameters such as rate.
The workpiece anode 2 is located at the lower section of the tool cathode 4, is provided with industrial CCD camera at the workpiece anode 2 Detection unit 21.The industrial CCD camera detection unit 21 is CCD camera high-definition, and three-dimensional focusing platform is established Line video observation system, for observing the microscopic motions behavioural characteristic such as processing district bubble, insoluble product.
Voltage sensor 22 and current sensor 23 are connected between the workpiece anode 2 and the tool cathode 4, it is described Voltage sensor 22 is connected with data collecting card 24 respectively with the current sensor 23.The voltage sensor 22, the electricity Flow sensor 23 detects voltage, current signal between the tool cathode 4 and the workpiece anode 2 respectively, is transferred to and is based on The virtual DSO of PC, virtual oscilloscope are fed back by real-time waveform, determine whether machining state feature, auxiliary judgment are sent out Whether the abnormalities such as raw short circuit and processing are stable.
The present invention also provides a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing methods, including high-aspect-ratio ditch described in any one as above Grooving apparatus the described method comprises the following steps:
A) workpiece anode 2 is placed in the anode drive mechanism 3 of machine tool main body 1, the electricity of the electrolyte circulation system 8 Solution liquid is sprayed on the workpiece anode 2 by the cathode through-hole 41;The cathode driving mechanism 5 drives the tool cathode 4 Movement, the anode drive mechanism 3 drive the workpiece anode 2 to move, and carry out milling to the workpiece anode 2;
B) when 2 surface of workpiece anode is left in the tool cathode 4 acceleration, formed in processing gap very big negative pressure with Parital vacuum, so that moment forms microdischarge cavities in electrolyte;
C) when the tool cathode 4 is accelerated close to 2 surface of workpiece anode, the microdischarge cavities are re-closed, and form liquid Press shock wave;
D) step b) and step c) are repeated repeatedly, mills out high aspect ratio trench quite micro-structure on the workpiece anode 2.
When carrying out micro-electrochemical machining Milling Process by this method, auxiliary spherical surface ultrasonic vibration acts on the workpiece cathode 4 carry out Milling Process, and " cavitation " effect of ultrasonic vibration can strengthen the convection current of processing gap electrolyte inside, be conducive to electrolyte Update and remove electrolysate in time, conducive to the processing of high aspect ratio trench quite." cavitation " effect of ultrasonic vibration, which refers to, works as institute When stating 4 end face of workpiece cathode and leaving workpiece surface with very big acceleration, very big negative pressure and part are formed in processing gap very Sky so that in electrolyte moment form microdischarge cavities, when 4 end face of workpiece cathode with very big acceleration close to workpiece surface When, vacuole re-closes, and causes stronger hydraulic shock wave.Above-mentioned effect promptly, is repeatedly applied to the workpiece yin In electrolyte between pole 4 and workpiece in minim gap, process can be strengthened significantly, improve groove processing quality.More than It is described, it is only highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form, it is any to be familiar with this field Technical staff, without departing from the scope of the technical proposal of the invention, using the method content of the disclosure above to skill of the present invention Art scheme makes many possible changes and modifications, belongs to protective scope of the claims.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant), it is characterised in that: including machine tool main body, be set in the machine tool main body Workpiece anode drives the anode drive mechanism that the workpiece anode is mobile in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, is set to the work Tool cathode above part anode drives the cathode driving mechanism that the tool cathode is mobile in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, The spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system being connected with the tool cathode, the electricity being connected between the tool cathode and the workpiece anode Power supply is solved, the cathode through-hole of the tool cathode position of center line is axially disposed at, and be connected to the cathode through-hole Electrolyte circulation system.
2. high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tool cathode includes fine electricity Pole and the insulating layer being set on the micro-electrode lateral wall, the cathode through-hole are set to the centre bit of the micro-electrode It sets.
3. high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the spherical surface ultrasonic focusing system packet Include the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer being connected with the tool cathode, the single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter being connected with the longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer, with it is described The connected ultrasonic power of single-excitation ultrasonic oval vibration energy converter and the bending vibration spherical shell for being set to longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer bottom, it is described The position of center line of longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer is provided with the luffing rod through-hole being connected with the cathode through-hole, the electrolyte circulation system It is connected with the luffing rod through-hole.
4. high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the electrolyte circulation system includes Electrolytic bath, the centrifugal pump being connected with the electrolytic bath, the outlet tube for being connected to the centrifugation pump output terminal, be set to it is described Pressure gauge and pressure-control valve on outlet tube and the filter being set at the centrifugal pump inlet, the outlet tube and The luffing rod through-hole is connected.
5. a kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing method, it is characterised in that: including the height as described in Claims 1-4 any one Aspect ratio trench processing unit (plant), the described method comprises the following steps:
A) workpiece anode is placed in the anode drive mechanism of machine tool main body, the electrolyte of the electrolyte circulation system passes through The cathode through-hole is sprayed on the workpiece anode;The cathode driving mechanism drives the tool cathode movement, the anode Driving mechanism drives the workpiece anode movement, carries out milling to the workpiece anode;
B) when the workpiece anode surface is left in the tool cathode acceleration, it is true that very big negative pressure and part are formed in processing gap Sky, so that moment forms microdischarge cavities in electrolyte;
C) when the tool cathode is accelerated close to the workpiece anode surface, the microdischarge cavities are re-closed, and form hydraulic shock Wave;
D) step b) and step c) are repeated repeatedly, mills out high aspect ratio trench quite micro-structure on the workpiece anode.
CN201910426137.6A 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 A kind of high aspect ratio trench quite processing unit (plant) and method Pending CN110202226A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114309840A (en) * 2022-01-18 2022-04-12 苏州科技大学 Ultrasonic vibration assisted electric spark inverted cone micropore machining device and control method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114309840A (en) * 2022-01-18 2022-04-12 苏州科技大学 Ultrasonic vibration assisted electric spark inverted cone micropore machining device and control method thereof
CN114309840B (en) * 2022-01-18 2023-08-29 苏州科技大学 Ultrasonic vibration assisted electric spark back taper micropore machining device and control method thereof

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