CN103962661A - Focused ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining device and method - Google Patents
Focused ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103962661A CN103962661A CN201410175929.8A CN201410175929A CN103962661A CN 103962661 A CN103962661 A CN 103962661A CN 201410175929 A CN201410175929 A CN 201410175929A CN 103962661 A CN103962661 A CN 103962661A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a focused ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining device. The device comprises an electrochemical machining unit and an ultrasonic vibration unit. The electrochemical machining unit comprises an electrolyte box, a workpiece fixture and a power supply, wherein the electrolyte box is filled with an electrolyte, the workpiece fixture is arranged in the electrolyte box, a workpiece is fixed to the upper portion of the workpiece fixture and submerged into the electrolyte, a tool is arranged above the workpiece, a feeding mechanism is connected to the upper portion of the tool, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply are connected with the workpiece and the tool respectively. The ultrasonic vibration unit can generate high-energy focused ultrasound gathering near the lower end of the tool. According to the device, the circulation and update speed of the electrolyte in electrochemical machining can be increased, electrolysis products between the workpiece and the tool can be discharged and prevented from depositing on the surface of the tool, and the machining efficiency and accuracy can be improved. The invention further discloses a method for carrying out focused ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining through the device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrochemical machining apparatus and method, electrochemical machining apparatus and method that especially a kind of high-energy concentration ultrasonic is auxiliary.
Background technology
Electrochemistry processing is to remove workpiece material or the special process of plated metal material etc. thereon, the method for mainly utilizing electrochemical reaction (or title electrochemical corrosion) to process metal material by chemical reaction.In recent decades, by high-and-new science and technology, very fast in field development such as precise electrotyping, combined electrolysis processing, electrochemical micro process.Electrochemistry processing has at present become a kind of indispensable fine machining method.Compare with machining, electrochemistry processing is not subject to the restriction of material hardness, toughness, is widely used in industrial production.Electrochemical machining process is compared with general machine-processed technique, has following characteristics: can carry out three-dimensional processing, time processing goes out complex-shaped profile, die cavity, irregularly-shaped hole simultaneously; Because workpiece in processing does not contact with cutter (negative electrode), can not produce cutting force and heat in metal cutting, do not generate burr; Irrelevant with the mechanical performance (as hardness, toughness, intensity) of material, therefore can process the unmanageable high rigidity of General Mechanism technique, high tenacity, high-strength material, as carbide alloy, hardened steel, heat-resisting alloy, titanium alloy.Yet, in actual production application, also there are some problems in electrochemistry processing, because electrolysis product is present in the electrolyte between workpiece and instrument gap, and gap is very narrow and small, and the circulation of outside electrolyte promotes scarce capacity, the renewal speed of electrolyte is slower, cause electrolysis product to be excluded in time, changed the characteristic of electrolyte in gap, affect electrochemistry machining accuracy and efficiency.
For the problems referred to above, Liu's quilt Wei of Foundation Corporation Metal Ind. Research Dev. Center equals on December 30th, 2011, applied for patent of invention " electrochemistry processing vibrating device ", publication number is CN103182572A, it has vibratory drive unit Yu Yi ratio mechanism collocation, drive machined electrode or workpiece to vibrate, with the gap between inching machined electrode and workpiece.But this patent is according to having some defects.First, this device is with vibratory drive unit Yu Yi ratio mechanism collocation, drive machined electrode or workpiece to vibrate, owing to being dependent between vibrating device and electrochemical machining apparatus, in the course of work, there are wearing and tearing for a long time in this frame for movement, stable not, affect the machining accuracy that electrochemistry is processed.Secondly, the vibration frequency of the vibratory drive unit of this structure is not high enough, can not produce hyperacoustic cavitation effect, can not improve fully the mobility of electrolyte and the discharge of electrolysate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part and provide a kind of can effectively the eliminating in electrochemistry process, to result from the electrolysis product between machining gap, the gap of electrochemistry processing is reduced, improve focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus and the method for working (machining) efficiency, raising machining accuracy.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus, comprises electrochemical machining apparatus and ultrasonic vibration installation; Described electrochemical machining apparatus comprises electrolyte case, work piece holder, power supply, in described electrolyte case, be loaded with electrolyte, described work piece holder is located in described electrolyte case, and the top of described work piece holder is fixed with workpiece, described workpiece is submerged in described electrolyte, the top of described workpiece is provided with the instrument perpendicular to described workpiece, the top of described instrument is connected with for the feed mechanism with power driven tools vertical motion, the positive pole of described power supply is connected with workpiece, and the negative pole of described power supply is connected with instrument; Described ultrasonic vibration installation can produce and be gathered near the high-energy concentration ultrasonic in described instrument lower end.
Described ultrasonic vibration installation is independently, ultrasonic vibration installation is independent of electrochemical machining apparatus and arranges separately, described ultrasonic vibration installation coordinates described electrochemical machining apparatus to carry out electrochemistry processing, described ultrasonic vibration installation produces high-energy concentration ultrasonic at the machining area of workpiece, due to the greatest differences of ultrasonic wave in solid-liquid surface acoustic impedance, formation has the pressure shock wave of high pressure effect, workpiece machining area is produced to directed instantaneous pressure disturbance, increase circulation and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece described in electrochemistry processing and instrument, the gap of electrochemistry processing is reduced, improve working (machining) efficiency, improve machining accuracy.
Preferred embodiment as focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention, has angle between the axis of described ultrasonic vibration installation and the axis of feed mechanism, and described angle is greater than 0 ° and is less than 90 °.
As the preferred embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention, described ultrasonic vibration installation comprises ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic transducer power supply; Described ultrasonic transducer comprises front shroud, electrode slice, piezoelectric ceramic piece and the back shroud connecting successively, is provided with described electrode slice between described piezoelectric ceramic piece; Described ultrasonic transducer power supply is connected with described electrode slice.
Preferred embodiment as focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention, described front shroud is flange arrangement near one end of piezoelectric ceramic piece, and described back shroud, electrode slice and piezoelectric ceramic piece are bolted the flange arrangement end at described front shroud.
As the preferred embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention, described front shroud is concave spherical surface structure away from one end of described piezoelectric ceramic piece.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of use focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus to implement focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) workpiece is fixedly mounted on the work piece holder in the electrolytic bath that is full of electrolyte;
(2) positive pole of power supply is connected with workpiece, the negative pole of power supply is connected with the instrument being arranged on feed mechanism;
(3) instrument is arranged on feed mechanism, switches on power, described feed mechanism band power driven tools is done feed motion at vertical direction, and workpiece is implemented to electrochemistry processing;
(4) when workpiece is implemented to electrochemistry processing, open ultrasonic vibration installation, described ultrasonic vibration installation produces the high-energy concentration ultrasonic that is gathered near the workpiece machining area in described instrument lower end, increase circulation and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece described in electrochemistry processing and instrument.
In step described above (4), open after ultrasonic vibration installation, described ultrasonic vibration installation produces high-energy concentration ultrasonic at workpiece machining area, due to the greatest differences of ultrasonic wave in solid-liquid surface acoustic impedance, formation has the pressure shock wave of high pressure effect, workpiece machining area is produced to directed instantaneous pressure disturbance, thereby realize circulation and the renewal speed that increases electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece described in electrochemistry processing and instrument.
As the present invention, use focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus to implement the preferred embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, between the axis of described ultrasonic vibration installation and the axis of feed mechanism, have angle, described angle is greater than 0 ° and is less than 90 °.
As the present invention, use focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus to implement the preferred embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, described ultrasonic vibration installation comprises ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic transducer power supply; Described ultrasonic transducer comprises front shroud, electrode slice, piezoelectric ceramic piece and the back shroud connecting successively, is provided with described electrode slice between described piezoelectric ceramic piece; Described ultrasonic transducer power supply is connected with described electrode slice.
As the present invention, use focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus to implement the preferred embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, described front shroud is flange arrangement near one end of piezoelectric ceramic piece, and described back shroud, electrode slice and piezoelectric ceramic piece are bolted the flange arrangement end at described front shroud.
As the present invention, use focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus to implement the preferred embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, described front shroud is concave spherical surface structure away from one end of described piezoelectric ceramic piece.
Focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention and enforcement focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, due to electrochemical machining apparatus with can to produce between focus type ultrasonic vibration installation be independently, avoided the loss of ultrasonic vibration to instrument, described ultrasonic vibration installation coordinates described electrochemical machining apparatus to carry out electrochemistry processing, described ultrasonic vibration installation produces high-energy concentration ultrasonic at the machining area of workpiece, due to the greatest differences of ultrasonic wave in solid-liquid surface acoustic impedance, formation has the pressure shock wave of high pressure effect, workpiece machining area is produced to directed instantaneous pressure disturbance, increase circulation and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece described in electrochemistry processing and instrument, avoided the gathering in electrolysis production thing gap between instrument and workpiece, also just can reduce electrolysis product in the deposition of tool surfaces, owing to having improved the circulation renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, can make the gap of electrochemistry processing reduce, improve working (machining) efficiency, improve machining accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ultrasonic transducer of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is that electrolyte case, 2 is that work piece holder, 3 is that electrolyte, 4 is that workpiece, 5 is that instrument, 6 is that ultrasonic transducer, 7 is that power supply, 8 is that ultrasonic transducer power supply, 9 is that feeding structure, 10 is that bolt, 11 is that back shroud, 12 is that piezoelectric ceramic piece, 13 is that electrode slice, 14 is that flange, 15 is that front shroud, 16 is concave spherical surface structure.
The specific embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are better described, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
A kind of embodiment of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of focus type ultrasonic vibration of the present embodiment working solution electrochemical machining apparatus, comprises electrochemical machining apparatus and ultrasonic vibration installation; Described electrochemical machining apparatus comprises electrolyte case 1, work piece holder 2, power supply 7, in described electrolyte case 1, be loaded with electrolyte 3, described work piece holder 2 is located in described electrolyte case 1, and the top of described work piece holder 2 is fixed with workpiece 4, described workpiece 4 is submerged in described electrolyte 3, the top of described workpiece 4 is provided with the instrument 5 perpendicular to described workpiece 4, the top of described instrument 5 is connected with for the feed mechanism 9 with power driven tools 5 vertical motions, the positive pole of described power supply 7 is connected with workpiece 4, and the negative pole of described power supply 7 is connected with instrument 5; Described ultrasonic vibration installation can produce and be gathered near the high-energy concentration ultrasonic in described instrument 5 lower ends.
Described ultrasonic vibration installation is independently, ultrasonic vibration installation is independent of electrochemical machining apparatus and arranges separately, described ultrasonic vibration installation is arranged on the periphery of feed mechanism, described ultrasonic vibration installation is ultrasonic transducer 6, the axis of the axis of ultrasonic transducer 6 and feed mechanism 9 is planar in a certain angle, and described angle is greater than 0 ° and is less than 90 °.
As shown in Figure 2, described ultrasonic vibration installation comprises ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transducer power supply 8; Described ultrasonic transducer 6 comprises front shroud 15, electrode slice 13, piezoelectric ceramic piece 12 and the back shroud 11 connecting successively, and 12 of described piezoelectric ceramic pieces are provided with described electrode slice 13; Described ultrasonic transducer power supply 8 is connected with described electrode slice 13.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, described front shroud 15 is flange arrangement 14 near one end of piezoelectric ceramic piece 12, and described back shroud 11, electrode slice 13 and piezoelectric ceramic piece 12 are connected to flange arrangement 14 ends of described front shroud 15 by bolt 10.
More preferably, as shown in Figure 2, described front shroud 15 is concave spherical surface structure 16 away from one end of described piezoelectric ceramic piece 12.This concave spherical surface structure is a kind of version that vibrating device produces focus type ultrasonic vibration, can also can make the version of focus ultrasonic for arc or other.
As shown in Figure 1-2, described ultrasonic transducer 6 coordinates described electrochemical machining apparatus to carry out electrochemistry processing, described ultrasonic transducer 6 produces high-energy concentration ultrasonic at the machining area of workpiece 4, due to the greatest differences of ultrasonic wave in solid-liquid surface acoustic impedance, formation has the pressure shock wave of high pressure effect, workpiece machining area is produced to directed instantaneous pressure disturbance, increase circulation and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece 4 described in electrochemistry processing and instrument 5; And then reduced the impact of electrolysis production thing on the characteristic of electrolyte in gap, and can effectively reduce the machining gap of electrochemistry processing, shortened the time of electrochemistry processing, improved working (machining) efficiency and machining accuracy.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of use focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus to implement focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) workpiece 4 is fixedly mounted on the work piece holder 2 in the electrolytic bath 1 that is full of electrolyte 3;
(2) positive pole of power supply 7 is connected with workpiece 4, the negative pole of power supply 7 be arranged on feed mechanism on 9 instrument 5 be connected;
(3) instrument 5 is arranged on feed mechanism 9, feed mechanism 9 band power driven tools 5 are done feed motion at vertical direction, and workpiece 4 is implemented to the processing of electrochemistry minute aperture.
(4) when workpiece 4 is implemented to electrochemistry processing, open ultrasonic vibration installation, ultrasonic vibration installation is independent, ultrasonic vibration installation is independent of electrochemical machining apparatus and arranges separately, described ultrasonic vibration installation comprises ultrasonic transducer 6 and ultrasonic transducer power supply 8, ultrasonic transducer 6 is arranged on the periphery of feed mechanism 9, and the axis of the axis of ultrasonic transducer 6 and feed mechanism 9 is planar in a certain angle, and described angle is greater than 0 ° and is less than 90 °; Described ultrasonic transducer 6 comprises front shroud 15, electrode slice 13, piezoelectric ceramic piece 12 and the back shroud 11 connecting successively, and 12 of described piezoelectric ceramic pieces are provided with electrode slice 13; Described ultrasonic transducer power supply 8 is connected with described electrode slice 13; Described front shroud 15 is flange arrangement 14 near one end of piezoelectric ceramic piece 12, and described back shroud 11 and piezoelectric ceramic piece 12 are connected to flange arrangement 14 ends of described front shroud 15 by bolt 10; Described front shroud 15 is concave spherical surface structure 16 away from one end of described piezoelectric ceramic piece 12.The ultrasonic vibration of ultrasonic transducer 6 produces high-energy concentration ultrasonic by concave spherical surface structure 16 at the machining area of workpiece 4, due to the greatest differences of ultrasonic wave in solid-liquid surface acoustic impedance, formation has the pressure shock wave of high pressure effect, workpiece 4 machining areas are produced to directed instantaneous pressure disturbance, increase circulation and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece described in electrochemistry processing and instrument; Implement the processing of focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemistry.
Last institute should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although the present invention is explained in detail with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus, is characterized in that, comprises electrochemical machining apparatus and ultrasonic vibration installation;
Described electrochemical machining apparatus comprises electrolyte case, work piece holder, power supply, in described electrolyte case, be loaded with electrolyte, described work piece holder is located in described electrolyte case, and the top of described work piece holder is fixed with workpiece, described workpiece is submerged in described electrolyte, the top of described workpiece is provided with the instrument perpendicular to described workpiece, the top of described instrument is connected with for the feed mechanism with power driven tools vertical motion, the positive pole of described power supply is connected with workpiece, and the negative pole of described power supply is connected with instrument;
Described ultrasonic vibration installation is independently and can produces high-energy concentration ultrasonic, and described ultrasonic vibration installation coordinates described electrochemical machining apparatus to carry out electrochemistry processing.
2. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that having angle between the axis of described ultrasonic vibration installation and the axis of feed mechanism, and described angle is greater than 0 ° and is less than 90 °.
3. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic vibration installation comprises ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic transducer power supply;
Described ultrasonic transducer comprises front shroud, electrode slice, piezoelectric ceramic piece and the back shroud connecting successively, is provided with described electrode slice between described piezoelectric ceramic piece;
Described ultrasonic transducer power supply is connected with described electrode slice.
4. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described front shroud is flange arrangement near one end of piezoelectric ceramic piece, and described back shroud, electrode slice and piezoelectric ceramic piece are bolted the flange arrangement end at described front shroud.
5. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution electrochemical machining apparatus as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described front shroud is concave spherical surface structure away from one end of described piezoelectric ceramic piece.
6. use device as claimed in claim 1 to implement a focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) workpiece is fixedly mounted on the work piece holder in the electrolytic bath that is full of electrolyte;
(2) positive pole of power supply is connected with workpiece, the negative pole of power supply is connected with the instrument being arranged on feed mechanism;
(3) instrument is arranged on feed mechanism, switches on power, described feed mechanism band power driven tools is done feed motion at vertical direction, and workpiece is implemented to electrochemistry processing;
(4) when workpiece is implemented to electrochemistry processing, open ultrasonic vibration installation, described ultrasonic vibration installation produces the high-energy concentration ultrasonic that is gathered near the workpiece machining area in described instrument lower end, increase circulation and the renewal speed of electrolyte in electrochemistry processing, get rid of in time the electrolysis product between workpiece described in electrochemistry processing and instrument.
7. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that having angle between the axis of described ultrasonic vibration installation and the axis of feed mechanism, and described angle is greater than 0 ° and is less than 90 °.
8. the focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining as described in claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, described ultrasonic vibration installation comprises ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic transducer power supply;
Described ultrasonic transducer comprises front shroud, electrode slice, piezoelectric ceramic piece and the back shroud connecting successively, is provided with described electrode slice between described piezoelectric ceramic piece;
Described ultrasonic transducer power supply is connected with described electrode slice.
9. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described front shroud is flange arrangement near one end of piezoelectric ceramic piece, and described back shroud, electrode slice and piezoelectric ceramic piece are bolted the flange arrangement end at described front shroud.
10. focus type ultrasonic vibration working solution method for electrochemical machining as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described front shroud is concave spherical surface structure away from one end of described piezoelectric ceramic piece.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108048864A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-18 | 扬州大学 | Common cathode ultrasonic electrochemical device |
| CN109514012A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-03-26 | 江阴润源机械有限公司 | It is a kind of for improving the surface passivation system of EDT texturing cold roll service life |
| US10245666B2 (en) | 2016-06-30 | 2019-04-02 | General Electric Company | Drilling tool for use in machining a conductive work piece |
| CN109807554A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-28 | 江阴润源机械有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of cold roll |
| CN111975148A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic electric spark machining method for thin slice with high-frequency vibration |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111975148A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-24 | 广东工业大学 | Electrolytic electric spark machining method for thin slice with high-frequency vibration |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |