CN110201606A - System, method and device for monitoring top hammer of cubic press - Google Patents
System, method and device for monitoring top hammer of cubic press Download PDFInfo
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- CN110201606A CN110201606A CN201910470900.5A CN201910470900A CN110201606A CN 110201606 A CN110201606 A CN 110201606A CN 201910470900 A CN201910470900 A CN 201910470900A CN 110201606 A CN110201606 A CN 110201606A
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- top hammer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/06—Processes using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds; Apparatus therefor, e.g. moulds or dies
Abstract
The invention discloses a monitoring system, a method and a device for a top hammer of a cubic press, wherein the system comprises the following components: the device comprises a data processing unit, an audio signal processing unit and a microphone array arranged on a cubic press; the microphone array is connected with the input end of the audio signal processing unit, and the data processing unit is connected with the output end of the audio signal processing unit; the microphone array is used for acquiring sound signals emitted by a top hammer of the cubic press in real time; the audio signal processing unit is used for processing the sound signal and sending the processed sound signal to the data processing unit; the data processing unit is used for analyzing the state of the anvil according to the processed sound signal. The method can monitor whether the anvil is broken or not in time and accurately position the broken anvil by utilizing the characteristics and advantages of the microphone array and the existing processing means aiming at the signals of the microphone array, thereby not only solving the defects of the traditional manual inspection, but also overcoming the problems of time and labor waste and large environmental interference caused by other existing monitoring methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering equipment monitoring field more particularly to a kind of top hammer of cubic press monitoring system, method and
Device.
Background technique
Hinge type cubic apparatus high pressure high temperature diamond synthesis press (abbreviation cubic hinge press), mainly by main engine bed and six
A identical working cylinder and its piston composition establish the key member of super-pressure.As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 2, each piston end is filled
There are big cushion block 10, small cushion block 20 and top hammer 30, the component on six direction is essentially identical, is not repeated herein.Wherein, top hammer 30
It is that cubic hinge press relies and generates the key part of hyperpressure, is usually manufactured by tungsten-cobalt series hard alloy.And top hammer is disconnected
Splitting is a kind of production accident common in diamond synthesis process, if failing to find replacement in time and continue to produce, not only
" domino effect " can be caused --- cause other top hammers to be broken in succession because of discontinuity, increases equipment later maintenance
Cost, it is also possible to can cause and collapse hammer or even blow out accident, cause the injury of personnel.Therefore, cubic hinge press working condition is studied
Real-time monitoring and fracture top hammer location determination, realize real-time online alarm and shut down etc. in time disposition, then can give enterprise
Bring huge economic benefit and social benefit.
In the prior art, top hammer of cubic press fracture monitoring mainly has following three kinds of methods:
1) artificial live inspection: for example drawing hammer by hand or it is disconnected to capture top hammer in high pressure apparatus operation process empirically by human ear
" click " sound issued when splitting.
2) it is monitored using acoustic emission sensor: the acoustic emission sensor being for example mounted on a hollow signal transduction pipe
Inner cavity in capture the stress wave signal that top hammer is generated due to fracture, the front opening of the signal transduction pipe must and cubic apparatus
The top hammer center of press is opposite.
3) it utilizes monitoring ultrasonic: a cavity is set for example on the respective cushion block of six top hammers of cubic hinge press
Body, intracavitary installation ultrasonic transducer, is converted to electric signal for the break signal monitored and handles.
But there is drawback in the above-mentioned prior art:
1) means of manual inspection method fall behind relatively and dependence is subjective more, and accuracy and timeliness are difficult to ensure, and
And human cost is consumed significantly, influence production efficiency.
2) centering of acoustic emission sensor method requires more stringent, and the mounting process of high standard makes which in practical behaviour
Cumbersome and time consuming in work, in particular, once shifting in, then the result detected is substantially invalid.
3) signal decaying is serious during monitoring ultrasonic, sensitivity is low, test scope is small and influences vulnerable to environment, example
As the vibration of equipment itself can make ultrasonic monitoring generate large error；In particular, when to failure top hammer precise positioning need by
Point measures, same time-consuming and laborious.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of top hammer of cubic press monitors system, method and device, to overcome drawbacks described above,
It covers the shortage.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of top hammer of cubic press monitors system, comprising: data processing unit, audio signal processing unit and is set to
The microphone array of cubic hinge press；
The microphone array is connect with the input terminal of the audio signal processing unit, the data processing unit and institute
State the output end connection of audio signal processing unit；
The voice signal that the microphone array is issued for acquiring the top hammer of cubic hinge press in real time；
The audio signal processing unit is used to handle the voice signal and the voice signal is sent to by treated
The data processing unit；
The data processing unit is used for the state of the voice signal analysis top hammer according to treated.
Optionally, on the big cushion block for the piston that the microphone unit in the microphone array is mounted on cubic hinge press.
Optionally, the microphone unit quantity is three, and three microphone units are separately mounted to three activities
On the big cushion block of cylinder or three stationary cylinders.
Optionally, spacing is equal two-by-two for three microphone units, constitutes the microphone array of equilateral triangle.
Optionally, the system also includes: alarm unit and the main control units of control cubic hinge press operation；
The main control unit is connect with the data processing unit, the top hammer for being sent according to the data processing unit
State, control cubic hinge press shuts down and/or triggers alarm unit output alarm signal.
A kind of top hammer of cubic press monitoring method, comprising:
The voice signal under the cubic hinge press working condition acquired by microphone array is obtained in real time；
Preliminary analysis is carried out to the voice signal, identifies suspected target audio data；
Based on preset pattern recognition strategy, determine that true top hammer is broken audio from the suspected target audio data
Data.
Optionally, described that preliminary analysis is carried out to the voice signal, identify that suspected target audio data includes:
Using the voice signal in set period of time as unit of analysis, the time domain and frequency domain of the voice signal are calculated
Value；
According to time domain and the relationship of frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold, analyze whether the voice signal is doubtful
Like target audio data.
Optionally,
The time domain for calculating the voice signal and frequency domain value include:
Calculate the time domain maximum value and time domain minimum value of the voice signal in set period of time；
Calculate the energy summation in set period of time within the scope of the pre-set frequency band of the voice signal；
It is described according to time domain and the relationship of frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold, whether analyze the voice signal
Include for suspected target audio data:
When the time domain maximum value is greater than preset time domain positive threshold and the time domain minimum value is less than preset time domain
When negative sense threshold value and the energy summation are greater than preset energy threshold, the voice signal in the set period of time is determined
For suspected target audio data.
Optionally, described to be based on preset pattern recognition strategy, it is determined from the suspected target audio data true
Top hammer fracture audio data includes:
Multidimensional characteristic is extracted from each data frame of the suspected target audio data, the multidimensional characteristic is by time domain
Feature and/or frequency domain character composition；
The identification model constructed according to the multidimensional characteristic and in advance determines true top hammer fracture audio data.
Optionally, the method also includes:
Successively call a microphone unit of microphone array as reference array element；
Using the reference array element, the source position of the top hammer fracture audio data is positioned.
A kind of top hammer of cubic press monitoring device, comprising:
Sound acquisition module, for obtaining the sound under the cubic hinge press working condition by microphone array acquisition in real time
Signal；
Preliminary analysis module identifies suspected target audio data for carrying out preliminary analysis to the voice signal；
Pattern recognition module is determined from the suspected target audio data for being based on preset pattern recognition strategy
True top hammer is broken audio data.
Optionally, the preliminary analysis module specifically includes:
Audio analysis unit, for calculating the sound using the voice signal in set period of time as unit of analysis
The time domain and frequency domain value of sound signal；
Doubtful data determining unit divides for the relationship according to time domain and frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold
Analyse whether the voice signal is suspected target audio data.
Optionally,
The audio analysis unit specifically includes:
Time-domain value computation module, the time domain maximum value and time domain for calculating the voice signal in set period of time are minimum
Value；
Frequency domain value computation module, for calculating the energy in set period of time within the scope of the pre-set frequency band of the voice signal
Summation；
The doubtful data determining unit is specifically used for, and is greater than preset time domain forward direction threshold when meeting the time domain maximum value
It is worth and the time domain minimum value is less than preset time domain negative sense threshold value and when the energy summation is greater than preset energy threshold,
Determine the voice signal in the set period of time for suspected target audio data.
Optionally, the pattern recognition module specifically includes:
Multi-dimension feature extraction unit, it is special for extracting multidimensional from each data frame of the suspected target audio data
Sign, the multidimensional characteristic are made of temporal signatures and/or frequency domain character；
True fracture data identification unit, the identification model for constructing according to the multidimensional characteristic and in advance, determines
True top hammer is broken audio data out.
Optionally, described device further include:
Reference array element calling module, for successively calling a microphone unit of microphone array as reference array element；
It is broken auditory localization module, for utilizing the reference array element, positions the source of the top hammer fracture audio data
Position.
To sum up, by introducing microphone array technology, the present invention realizes the real-time online of top hammer of cubic press
Monitoring, had both solved many drawbacks of traditional artificial inspection, also overcome other existing monitoring modes installations it is time-consuming and laborious and by
The larger problem of environmental disturbances.
Further, doubtful data can tentatively be obtained by analyzing the voice signal acquired in real time, then pass through mode
Identification technology further obtains true top hammer fracture audio data；
Further, the source of true top hammer fracture audio data can also be determined based on auditory localization technology, with
Just it controls equipment downtime and warns maintenance.As it can be seen that the present invention is based on the layout structure of microphone array, use data to select in advance with
And the mode analytical equipment operating status of pattern-recognition, and with auditory localization technology-locking failure top hammer position, reality is integrated with this
The real-time monitoring of the top hammer state of cubic hinge press is showed.
Detailed description of the invention
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with attached drawing
Step description, in which:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of cubic hinge press；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of cubic hinge press；
Fig. 3 is the block diagram for the embodiment that top hammer of cubic press provided by the invention monitors system；
Fig. 4 is the setting schematic diagram for the embodiment that top hammer of cubic press provided by the invention monitors system；
Fig. 5 is the block diagram for the integrated embodiment that top hammer of cubic press provided by the invention monitors system；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram for the preferred embodiment that top hammer of cubic press provided by the invention monitors system；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the embodiment of top hammer of cubic press monitoring method provided by the invention；
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the integrated embodiment of top hammer of cubic press monitoring method provided by the invention；
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of the embodiment of top hammer of cubic press monitoring device provided by the invention.
Description of symbols:
1 microphone array, 2 audio signal processing unit, 3 data processing unit
10 big cushion block, 20 small cushion block, 30 top hammer, 101 microphone unit
4 alarm unit, 5 main control unit Mic1, Mic2, Mic3 microphone unit
S, 100 sound acquisition module of X, Q, H, Z, Y top hammer, 200 preliminary analysis module
300 pattern recognition modules
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, the example of embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein identical from beginning to end
Or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.It is retouched below with reference to attached drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
First of all for ensuing disclosure is easy to understand, need to explain: the six direction of cubic hinge press may include water
Flat four direction all around and vertical both direction up and down (it is described here horizontal, vertical and all around up and down,
Relative position statement for ease of understanding).It is usually by three cylinders when cubic hinge press works as movable cylinders (such as Fig. 1
Shown in it is upper, preceding, right), by the other three cylinder as stationary cylinder (under corresponding, rear, left), here it is noted that pressing
Journey be from three movable cylinders simultaneously towards corresponding three stationary cylinders act (such as previous-next, anterior-posterior, L-R) with to
Centrally located Synthetic block applies the pressure of six direction, and therefore, the collocation of three movable cylinders or three stationary cylinders has certain
Geometry rule, namely a cylinder being vertically oriented and two adjacent cylinders of horizontal direction constitute matched three activities
Cylinder, and a cylinder of other vertical direction and two adjacent cylinders of horizontal direction then correspondingly constitute three stationary cylinders.
The design feature based on cubic hinge press, the present invention provides a kind of realities of top hammer of cubic press monitoring system
Example is applied, as shown in Figure 3, comprising: data processing unit 3, audio signal processing unit 2 and the microphone set on cubic hinge press
Array 1.Wherein electrical connection can be, and the input terminal of the microphone array 1 and the audio signal processing unit 2 connects
It connects, the data processing unit 3 is connect with the output end of the audio signal processing unit 2.The present invention proposes to use microphone
The main means that array (rather than single microphone) is monitored as top hammer, can be in low noise although allowing for single microphone
Sound, without reverberation, meet basic pickup demand in the case where close apart from sound source, but the reality of single microphone product is combined to answer
For scene, if true environment there are when a large amount of noise, multipath reflection and reverberation, such as in the factory of more high pressure apparatuses work
Between caravan, environmental noise is relatively large, and the quality of the audio signal of pickup is easy to cause to decline to a great extent, this can seriously affect judgement
The accuracy of top hammer state；Furthermore single microphone received signal is to be superimposed by multi-acoustical and ambient noise, is difficult reality
The separation of existing each sound source, thus cannot achieve auditory localization and separation, it is difficult to provide targetedly fracture alarm.In order to keep away
Exempt from these limitations of single microphone, the present embodiment is the Mike arranged by one group by certain geometry in view of microphone array
Wind unit composition, such as, but not limited to a variety of array structures such as cross, annular, triangle or solid, can be to acquisition not
The voice signal in isospace direction carries out space time processing, i.e., using airspace filter characteristic possessed by microphone array, thus may be used
To realize the functions such as noise suppressed, reverberation removal, sound source direction finding, audio source tracking, array gain, and then improve subsequent audio signal
Quality is handled, the fault recognition accuracy rate under actual application environment is promoted with this.The purpose of the present embodiment is by microphone array
Column are combined with cubic hinge press, when implementing, can select now mature microphone array scheme, certainly, this field skill
Art personnel it is understood that the array merely lined up with multiple microphone units is only a kind of audio collection physical interface,
But in the art when referring to microphone array scheme, be all by with the matched processing means of the physical interface be considered as it is whole and
Speech, it that is to say that microphone array 1 and audio signal processing unit 2 constitute complete microphone hardware solution, wherein
Audio signal processing unit 2 hereinafter will illustrate audio signal processing unit 2 configured with conventional array algorithm, this
Place wouldn't repeat；It follows that in implementation phase those skilled in the art without being improved to software program, it only need to be according to top
The environment configurations at compressor operation scene operate convenient for personnel, adapt to the microphone array scheme of actual demand.
For Fig. 4, in actual operation, because the main function of the microphone array 1 is six faces of real-time acquisition
The voice signal that the top hammer of high pressure apparatus issues, so the setting position of microphone array 1 should be as close as possible to top hammer 30, according to six faces
True form, structure and its size of high pressure apparatus, in order to not influence personnel in production normal operating and take into account microphone array
Cabling convenience is installed and in view of factors such as field working conditions, is preferably pacified each microphone unit 101 in microphone array
On the big cushion block 10 of the piston of cubic hinge press, this is because small cushion block 20 and top hammer 30 can be in process of production by pistons
Extruding center material is driven, if microphone unit 101 generates stretching motion with piston, that is to say that array element is in movement at any time
State, will lead to the auditory localization accuracy decline of microphone array, therefore it is not recommended that be mounted on the movement portion of cubic hinge press
On part, also it can thus be appreciated that big cushion block 10 is the better position relatively more close to top hammer 30, specifically, microphone unit 101
Big cushion block 10 be may be mounted at close to one end of top hammer, such as on cylindrical big cushion block 10, microphone unit 101 can pacify
It is installed adjacent on the periphery of cylinder end face (end face towards top hammer).In actual operation, the mounting means of microphone unit 101
It can be multiplicity, such as weld or be bolted with bracket on big cushion block 10, microphone unit 101 can then pass through band, spiral shell
It the modes such as connects to be fixedly mounted on the bracket；It is still further contemplated that the fixed installations mode such as be sticked, adsorb, certainly before
Mention be guarantee microphone unit 101 installed on big cushion block 10 it is relatively stable.
It is noted that the quantity of microphone unit 101 can not be limited, the distribution of six based on cubic hinge press top hammer
Principle on six faces of a regular hexahedron, for top hammer crack conditions, in a cubic hinge press, sound source position is only
There can be six kinds of situations (i.e. sound source distribution is known and fixed).Such as it is arranged on six (or five, four, three) big cushion blocks 10
There is microphone unit 101, the microphone unit 101 that fracture sound source is referred to some is acquired according to the auditory localization algorithm of array
Distance, the fracture sound source can be uniquely determined out from which of six top hammers；Certainly, may be used also in other embodiments
It, hereinafter will be using a kind of embodiment of three microphone units 101 as example to there is the set-up mode of other quantity.Here also
It may be noted that for ease of illustration and from practical experience, (two or more top hammers occur disconnected simultaneously in a cubic hinge press
The probability split is minimum), the present invention only by taking simple sund source as an example, that is, thinks synchronization only one top in a cubic hinge press
Hammer is broken.
It connects above, it, will via signal cable after collecting the voice signal that top hammer is issued by microphone unit 101
Voice signal reaches the audio signal processing unit 2 and is handled, and processing here can refer to analog-to-digital conversion, at noise reduction
Reason, sampling alignment etc..Implement when, audio signal processing unit 2 can select with multichannel collecting and have simulation and/or
The sound card of Digital Signal Processing configuration, such as built-in multichannel ADC chip and/or codec chip and/or dsp chip etc. it is suitable
Orchestration also can be moved to data processing list to part noise reduction process of Digital Signal Processing etc. in other embodiments certainly
Member 3, but no matter which kind of configuration mode is all conventional arrangement, and this is not limited by the present invention.
Data processing unit 3 is received by wired or wireless mode by treated the sound of audio signal processing unit 2
Signal, and top hammer state is analyzed according to the voice signal, specific analysis method is illustrated with a kind of existing way, in number
According to the top hammer operational sound being stored in processing unit 3 under normal conditions, receiving from the real-time of current microphone array acquisition
After voice signal, the two is compared, is just easy to compare difference, thus can know the working condition of top hammer, and
And the sound source position for difference occur, such conventional analysis can also be known simultaneously by the technical characteristic of microphone array 1
The mode present invention is not limited in any way, and the present invention will provide a kind of more preferably monitoring method below, wouldn't be repeated herein.?
When it is implemented, the hardware of the data processing unit 3 is chosen, then it is contemplated that be built-in audio analysis program server or
Conventional sound alignment programs are associated with the control entirely produced, using the middle control slave computer for controlling cubic hinge press or on
The hardware carrier of position machine or live power control cabinet as data processing unit 3；Part based on the Digital Signal Processing being mentioned above
It is transferred to the design of data processing unit 3, it correspondingly, in one embodiment, can also be by data processing unit 3 and audio
2 concentrated setting of signal processing unit, such as the PCBA that the processor for being used to analyze voice data is formed by embedded technology
It is integrated in one with sound card.It need to separately supplement, in production scene in order to avoid signal processing unit 2 is interfered or damaged to surrounding enviroment
And the equal components of data processing unit 3, the independent electrical gas tank for concentrating placement can be set for said units etc., it can be with from tank wall
Draw associated cable.
It about aforementioned wired or wireless connection type, is illustrated here with server, when data processing unit 3 is local service
When device, audio signal processing unit 2 can pass through the data cables such as cable, bus and the local server wired connection.Work as number
It is remote server according to processing unit 3, audio signal processing unit 2 can be and long-range by transmission modes such as WIFI or 4G, 5G
Server, which is established, to be wirelessly connected, and the existing channel radios such as IP6356S, CC1101, RTL8188 or BK7231U can be selected when implementation
News scheme.Certainly, in another embodiment, data processing unit 3 is if it is local and the equipment or terminal of closer distance, also
It is wirelessly connected it is contemplated that establishing audio signal processing unit 2 and data processing unit 3 with bluetooth approach, such as when implementing
The WCN3680 module for supporting WIFI standard and bluetooth 4.0 can be selected, this present invention is not construed as limiting.
Based on the above embodiment, it is contemplated that the safety requirements of production scene, as shown in Figure 5 in an integrated embodiment,
Monitoring system provided by the invention can also include alarm unit 4 and control the main control unit 5 that cubic hinge press is run, wherein
The effect of alarm unit 4 is to export the alarm signal of the forms such as light, sound, text, image, therefore have above-mentioned function
Hardware all can be used as alarm unit 4；Main control unit 5 designated herein can equally select production scene middle control slave computer or
Host computer etc., effect are to receive the analysis of said data processing unit 3 as a result, and being made accordingly for cubic hinge press operation
The control of state and/or triggering alarm unit 4 export alarm signal.For example, data processing unit 3 is reported to main control unit 5
The signal for giving some top hammer of certain cubic hinge press to be broken, then routinely control program stops the cubic pressure to main control unit 5
Machine, which continues to run or resets to it, does not press state, while it is defeated with text and speech form to trigger display screen (alarm unit 4)
The cubic hinge press is shut down out and wherein which top hammer needs the information warning overhauled, and remark additionally two o'clock here, one is
Each cubic hinge press and its top hammer can preset numbers on demand, such as output information is that " A high pressure apparatus has been shut down, and correlation is asked
Personnel overhaul A-6 top hammer ".The second is specific failure top hammer, which why can be navigated to, is exactly utilized microphone array
Auditory localization technology can refer to illustrating for the technology to this, not repeat here；In another embodiment, main
Control unit 5 can not also be such that cubic hinge press shuts down, and only trigger the acousto-optic report corresponding to some top hammer of the cubic hinge press
Alarm device export alarm signal, operator can to this production procedure after manually control main control unit 5 with stop should
Settable corresponding alarm lamp near cubic hinge press, such as each cubic hinge press, and polychrome can be selected in alarm lamp
Top hammer of the color lamp column (or rainbow lamp etc.) to show different location；In another embodiment, main control unit 5 can also be controlled only
Cubic hinge press processed is shut down, and after middle control administrative staff determine that fault identification is effective by field control platform (such as production HMI),
Alarm unit 4 is triggered again and exports information warning to the operator at scene, and the considerations of embodiment is based on certain specific occasions
And condition, it is possible to the special cases such as warning message conflict or erroneous judgement malfunction occur.
Top hammer monitoring system provided by the invention is to utilize microphone array by microphone array in conjunction with cubic hinge press
Characteristics and advantages and the existing processing scheme for microphone array signals, can monitor in time whether top hammer breaks
Split and precise positioning to be broken top hammer.Further, the auditory localization technology based on microphone array is determining top hammer fracture
It can control cubic hinge press to shut down afterwards, can also alarm and show the position of failure top hammer, to operator to carry out in time
Targetedly maintenance and replacement.To sum up, the present invention realizes that the mode of the real time on-line monitoring of top hammer of cubic press is logical
Each microphone unit and the corresponding arrangements of electric connection of configuration for crossing simple installation microphone array, had both solved traditional people in this way
Many drawbacks of work inspection also overcome other existing monitoring modes and install time-consuming and laborious and larger by environmental disturbances problem.
About the set-up mode for the microphone array being mentioned above, the present invention combination Fig. 1, Fig. 2 give one kind and both saved
Hardware cost be easily installed again and can ensure monitor accurately and effectively preferred embodiment, simple diagram as shown in FIG. 6, this compared with
In good scheme, the quantity of microphone unit 101 is three, i.e., only there are three the microphone arrays of array element to orient generation for selection
The top hammer position of fracture, three microphone units 101 can be separately mounted to three movable cylinders (in other embodiments also with
Three each microphone units 101 are separately positioned on three stationary cylinders) big cushion block 10 on.In Fig. 6 example for convenience of description
Three microphone units 101 are respectively designated as Mic1, Mic2, Mic3, and indicate each according to the stereochemical structure of Fig. 1 with lines
Working cylinder can clearly perceive the internal structure relationship of cubic hinge press.Wherein, upper-movable cylinder places Mic1, preceding-movable cylinder
Mic2 is placed, right-movable cylinder places Mic3, specifically can refer to the bolt head on small cushion block 20 in actual installation, can will
Microphone unit is installed on the perpendicular bisector of two bolt heads in periphery of small cushion block 20 corresponding with big cushion block 10, such
There are two advantages for setting, and one is to have unified reference by location standard, is easily installed operation；Another advantage is that in conjunction with six faces
The internal structure feature of high pressure apparatus makes microphone unit be at opposite top hammer centered position, can so protect after installation
Demonstrate,proving three microphone units, spacing is equal two-by-two, i.e. the microphone array of three's composition equilateral triangle, and array element spacing is positive triangle
The side length of shape.
The microphone array for the equilateral triangle being arranged on three big cushion blocks is a preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, is made
With being embodied in, six sound sources that the present invention need to monitor are placed exactly in the same side of the positive triangle array, and due to sound source position point
Cloth is in top hammer 30, and the spacing that top hammer 30 reaches between the distance and microphone unit of microphone unit is in the same magnitude
Upper and the two is closer to, it is thus possible to use near-field sound source location technology.Furthermore due to positive triangle array and six sound sources
Specific position relationship can orient the position of two opposite top hammers when referring to one of microphone unit, because
As long as this successively regard three microphone units as reference microphone, can be enough to cover the monitoring of all six top hammers, it should
The layout structure of microphone array can be described as microphone positive triangle circulation face battle array.
The auditory localization technology of microphone array is the prior art, herein only in conjunction with above-mentioned microphone positive triangle circulation face battle array
Layout characteristics be briefly described: in monitoring, when calling Mic1 is reference microphone because for engineering viewpoint, top
The distance of hammer Q and top hammer H to Mic1 be considered as it is identical, the distance of top hammer Z and top hammer Y to Mic1 be equally considered as it is identical, with distance
The only top hammer S and top hammer X of difference, therefore the distance that need to only calculate sound source to Mic1 just can orient top hammer S and top hammer X is sent out
Voice signal out, the distance of note top hammer S to Mic1 are dS1, the distance of top hammer X to Mic1 is dX1.Similarly, when calling Mic2 is
When reference microphone, the voice signal that top hammer Q and top hammer H are issued can be oriented, the distance of note top hammer Q to Mic2 is dQ2,
The distance of top hammer H to Mic2 is dH2；Similarly, when calling Mic3 is reference microphone, top hammer Z and top hammer Y institute can be oriented
The voice signal of sending, the distance of note top hammer Z to Mic3 are dZ3, the distance of top hammer Y to Mic3 is dY3.It can be obtained by actual measurement
dS1=dQ2=dY3=L1, dX1=dH2=dZ3=L2, and by intrinsic design feature necessarily satisfying for L2> L1, structure institute body accordingly
The distance relation revealed can realize the accurate positionin of failure top hammer by auditory localization algorithm.Finally it may be noted that for existing
There is the defect of technology, the purpose of the present invention is obtaining a kind of solution of monitoring top hammer fracture, therefore passes through microphone array
Collected voice signal is analyzed using conventional comparison, can know the crack conditions of top hammer, and above-mentioned location technology is then
It is the subsidiary additional technical effect of microphone array, i.e., it, can also be into one whether not only detecting top hammer failure through the invention
Step identifies the top hammer position being specifically broken by the technical characteristic of microphone array.In conclusion the present invention both solves
The problems of the prior art also embody significantly more technological progress.
On the basis of the embodiment and preferred embodiment of above-mentioned hardware configuration layout, the present invention still further provides a kind of area
Not in the top hammer of cubic press monitoring method routinely compared, as shown in fig. 7, may include steps of:
Step S1, the voice signal under the cubic hinge press working condition acquired by microphone array is obtained in real time；
Step S2, preliminary analysis is carried out to voice signal, identifies suspected target audio data；
Step S3, it is based on preset pattern recognition strategy, true top hammer fracture is determined from suspected target audio data
Audio data.
It can be seen that the embodiment has the design concept different from traditional alignments, that is, utilize microphone array skill
Art picks out true fracture audio data by two key steps of primary dcreening operation and fine screen from the voice data of real-time monitoring.
The considerations of designing in this way is that cubic hinge press is in working condition due to site environment (especially more in conjunction with practical experience
The scene that high pressure apparatus works at the same time), collecting voice signal is often influenced by some unrelated noises, thus use primary dcreening operation and
The design of fine screen is broken audio more precisely to capture true top hammer.In conjunction with foregoing description, in specific implementation we
It is also conceivable to before carrying out preliminary analysis when method, using the noise reduction process technology for being directed to microphone array, first to collecting
Voice signal carry out AF panel processing, it is possible thereby to provide more structurally sound data to be analyzed for subsequent primary dcreening operation and fine screen
Basis.
Belong to impact signal since top hammer is broken issued voice signal, impact signal has significant non-gaussian special
Property, therefore the temporal signatures of signal are able to reflect equipment overall status, can be used for malfunction monitoring, trend prediction；And the frequency of signal
Characteristic of field then can be used for making a definite diagnosis fault type, reason and position.Based on this, in actual operation to collected voice signal into
Row preliminary analysis, time-domain value and the frequency domain value that can use voice signal are basic as measuring, such as with a set period of time
The collected voice signal of interior institute is used as unit of analysis, investigates the time domain and frequency domain value and preset time-domain and frequency-domain threshold of voice signal
The relationship of value, in other words, the present invention propose that the precondition that data are selected in advance need to be from time domain and frequency domain angle while satisfaction one
Preset condition, for example, first calculate set period of time in the voice signal time domain maximum value (positive maximum amplitude) and time domain is most
Energy summation in small value (negative sense maximum amplitude) and set period of time within the scope of the pre-set frequency band of the voice signal, then
It is required that only when the time domain maximum value is greater than preset time domain positive threshold T1And the time domain minimum value be less than it is preset when
Domain negative sense threshold value T2And the energy summation is greater than preset energy threshold EfWhen these three conditions all meet, this just can determine that
Voice signal in set period of time is suspected target audio data.
Concrete implementation process can refer to as follows:
1. using a set period of time as the chronomere of data to be analyzed, and to the voice signal in the chronomere
Carry out the pretreatment such as framing, adding window, FFT transform.
What needs to be explained here is that alleged set period of time is by practical situations and/or many experiments, experience above
Determining.Because audio signal can regard short-term stationarity signal as, it is assumed that the sample rate of voice signal is 16kHz, and every frame length is
512 points, then 96ms is the length of 3 frame audio signals, and big date of length of the fracture voice signal of top hammer " click " sound is held
Continuous 3~5 frames, so the set period of time can be preset as 160ms, the i.e. length of 5 frames.
2. the voice signal time domain maximum value calculated in the unit time is denoted as maxT, minimum value minT；And frequency domain is pre-
If one or several frequency ranges in energy summation, be denoted as pow；
3. investigating maxT、minT, pow and T1、T2、EfRelationship, if the present embodiment proposition meet the following conditions simultaneously: when
Domain --- maxT> T1, minT< T2；Frequency domain --- pow > Ef, then current analyzed voice signal then can be determined that doubtful
Like target audio data.
Then, further classification can be carried out using mode identification technology based on acquired suspected target audio data to obtain
Suspected target voice data frame whether be true top hammer fracture audio data conclusion, conventional pattern-recognition can be used here
Algorithm, such as K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm, HMM (Hidden Markov Model) algorithm, GMM (Gaussian
Mixture Model) algorithm, SVM (Support Vector Machine) algorithm etc..
Specific in a preferred embodiment, then by taking support vector machines (SVM) algorithm as an example, to aforementioned suspected target audio
Each frame data in data are classified, and (two classes: non-top hammer fracture audio data and true top hammer are broken audio number
According to).Realization process, which can be, extracts multidimensional characteristic from each data frame of the suspected target audio data, and the multidimensional is special
Sign is then made of temporal signatures and/or frequency domain character, the identification model constructed later according to the multidimensional characteristic and in advance, really
Make true top hammer fracture audio data.
For example, it can extract following characteristics parameter:
Average value (1 dimension data): it is the stabilization component for describing signal, also known as DC component, is the equalization point of mechanical oscillation
Position is the first moment statistical average of signal.
Root-mean-square value (1 dimension data): being the second moment system of signal for describing the energy of vibration signal, also known as virtual value
Meter is average.
Peak index (1 dimension data): for detecting in signal with the presence or absence of the statistical indicator of impact.Wherein, peak value XpIt is
Refer to the unimodal maximum value of vibrational waveform.Such as in a frame signal length, 10 numbers of maximum absolute value are found out, it is several with this 10
Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value is as peak value Xp。
Pulse index (1 dimension data): for detecting in signal with the presence or absence of the statistical indicator of impact.
Margin index (1 dimension data): for detecting the abrasion condition of mechanical equipment.
Flexure index (1 dimension data): reflecting the asymmetry of vibration signal, is the third moment statistical average of signal.
Kurtosis index (1 dimension data): the shock characteristic in reflection vibration signal is that the Fourth-order moment of signal is average.To signal
In shock characteristic it is very sensitive, normal value is 3 or so.If illustrating exist in mechanical moving situation close to 4 or more than 4
Impact vibration.Being that gap is excessive, slides secondary surface under normal circumstances has the reasons such as broken.
Fundamental frequency (1 dimension data): the fundamental tone frequency of each frame is calculated using the approximate part coefficient after wavelet transformation
Rate.
Singular value decomposition (choosing and decomposing order is 45 ranks, takes preceding 30 singular values, i.e. 30 dimension datas): have in reflection signal
With the Energy distribution situation of signal and noise.
The vector of one 38 dimension of composition is as the input vector of identification model after above-mentioned all feature extractions are come out, and defeated
Outgoing vector is 2 dimensions, it can is 10 (non-top hammer fractures) and 01 (top hammer fracture).Here it is noted that in above-mentioned example only
Fundamental frequency is frequency domain character, and 37 dimension of others is temporal signatures, but does not limit frequency domain character in other embodiments
Can there are time domain singular value decomposition and frequency-domain singular value to decompose with the quantity of temporal signatures, such as singular value decomposition, above-mentioned example
It is time domain singular value decomposition, and can also be decomposed using frequency-domain singular value in other examples.
On the basis of the embodiments such as above system, method, the present invention also provides a comprehensive monitoring scheme, such as Fig. 8
It is shown, it may include steps of:
Step S1, the voice signal under the cubic hinge press working condition acquired by microphone array is obtained in real time；
Step S2, preliminary analysis is carried out to voice signal, identifies suspected target audio data；
Step S3, it is based on preset pattern recognition strategy, true top hammer fracture is determined from suspected target audio data
Audio data；
Step S4, using the auditory localization technology of microphone array, the failure top hammer position being broken is determined；
Step S5, the top hammer information that is out of order is shut down and/or warned to control cubic hinge press.
Specific auditory localization mode can be by successively calling a microphone unit of microphone array as ginseng
Array element is examined, and utilizes the reference array element, positions the source position of the top hammer fracture audio data.
Existing auditory localization algorithm can be used in practical operation and realize the above process, algorithm such as based on energy, controllably
Beamforming algorithm, Power estimation algorithm, based on TDOA/TDE algorithm etc..Wherein, the calculation amount of TDOA algorithm is smaller and is suitable for
The single sound source near field, therefore a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the top hammer fracture audio is calculated based on TDOA algorithm
The corresponding sound source position information of each frame data of data (i.e. the distance of sound source to reference array element).It is specifically combinable hereinbefore to refer to
Microphone positive triangle circulation face battle array (Fig. 6) embodiment, perform the following operations:
1. firstly, calling Mic1 is the auditory localization subfunction of reference microphone, the return value of the auditory localization subfunction
(i.e. the distance of sound source to reference array element) is L.If L=L1± 0.1k then illustrates that sound source occurs disconnected from top hammer S, i.e. top hammer S
It splits, goes to 4.；If L=L2± 0.1k then illustrates that sound source is broken, goes to 4. from top hammer X, i.e. top hammer X；If not above-mentioned
Situation then illustrates one of sound source in other four top hammers.Here, [- 0.1k ,+0.1k] is error range, and k is warp
Test the proportionality coefficient obtained.
2. secondly, calling Mic2 is the auditory localization subfunction of reference microphone, the return value of the auditory localization subfunction
(i.e. the distance of sound source to reference array element) is L.If L=L1± 0.1k then illustrates that sound source occurs disconnected from top hammer Q, i.e. top hammer Q
It splits, goes to 4.；If L=L2± 0.1k then illustrates that sound source is broken, goes to 4. from top hammer H, i.e. top hammer H；If not above-mentioned
Situation then illustrates one of sound source in remaining two top hammers (Z, Y).
3. then, calling Mic3 is the auditory localization subfunction of reference microphone, the return value of the auditory localization subfunction
(i.e. the distance of sound source to reference array element) is L.If L=L1± 0.1k then illustrates that sound source occurs disconnected from top hammer Y, i.e. top hammer Y
It splits, executes 4.；If L=L2± 0.1k then illustrates that sound source is broken from top hammer Z, i.e. top hammer Z, executes 4..
4. auditory localization terminates.
Finally with respect to step S5, halt instruction control cubic hinge press can be then sent after monitoring result determines and is shut down,
Meanwhile the number of cubic hinge press and its number of top hammer are preset, therefore can also be synchronized and be alarmed and show fracture
Top hammer number, so that failure can obtain timely, effective processing.Specific control cubic hinge press operation and warning way
It is being described above, details are not described herein again.
In conclusion by introducing microphone array technology, the present invention realizes the real-time online of top hammer of cubic press
Monitoring, had both solved many drawbacks of traditional artificial inspection, also overcome other existing monitoring modes installations it is time-consuming and laborious and by
The larger problem of environmental disturbances.
Further, doubtful data can tentatively be obtained by analyzing the voice signal acquired in real time, then pass through mode
Identification technology further obtains true top hammer fracture audio data；
Further, the source of true top hammer fracture audio data can also be determined based on auditory localization technology, with
Just it controls equipment downtime and warns maintenance.As it can be seen that the present invention is based on the layout structure of microphone array, use data to select in advance with
And the mode analytical equipment operating status of pattern-recognition, and with auditory localization technology-locking failure top hammer position, reality is integrated with this
The real-time monitoring of the top hammer state of cubic hinge press is showed.
Corresponding to above method embodiment and its preferred embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of monitorings of top hammer of cubic press
The embodiment of device, as shown in Figure 9, comprising:
Sound acquisition module 100, for being obtained under the cubic hinge press working condition by microphone array acquisition in real time
Voice signal；
Preliminary analysis module 200 identifies suspected target audio number for carrying out preliminary analysis to the voice signal
According to；
Pattern recognition module 300, for being based on preset pattern recognition strategy, from the suspected target audio data really
Fixed true top hammer is broken audio data.
Further, the preliminary analysis module specifically includes:
Audio analysis unit, for calculating the sound using the voice signal in set period of time as unit of analysis
The time domain and frequency domain value of sound signal；
Doubtful data determining unit divides for the relationship according to time domain and frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold
Analyse whether the voice signal is suspected target audio data.
Further,
The audio analysis unit specifically includes:
Time-domain value computation module, the time domain maximum value and time domain for calculating the voice signal in set period of time are minimum
Value；
Frequency domain value computation module, for calculating the energy in set period of time within the scope of the pre-set frequency band of the voice signal
Summation；
The doubtful data determining unit is specifically used for, and is greater than preset time domain forward direction threshold when meeting the time domain maximum value
It is worth and the time domain minimum value is less than preset time domain negative sense threshold value and when the energy summation is greater than preset energy threshold,
Determine the voice signal in the set period of time for suspected target audio data.
Further, the pattern recognition module specifically includes:
Multi-dimension feature extraction unit, it is special for extracting multidimensional from each data frame of the suspected target audio data
Sign, the multidimensional characteristic are made of temporal signatures and/or frequency domain character；
True fracture data identification unit, the identification model for constructing according to the multidimensional characteristic and in advance, determines
True top hammer is broken audio data out.
Further, described device further include:
Reference array element calling module, for successively calling a microphone unit of microphone array as reference array element；
It is broken auditory localization module, for utilizing the reference array element, positions the source of the top hammer fracture audio data
Position.
It finally needs to illustrate, although the working method and technical principle of above-mentioned apparatus embodiment and preferred embodiment are all recorded in
Above, but still it is emphasized that various component embodiments still can be implemented in hardware in the device, either at one or more
The software module run on a processor is realized, or is implemented in a combination thereof.Can in Installation practice module or
Unit or assembly etc. is combined into a module or unit or component, and also they can be divided into multiple submodule or subelements or son
Component is practiced.
And all the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, identical phase between each embodiment
As partially may refer to each other, each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for
For system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so describing fairly simple, related place is referring to method
The part of embodiment illustrates.System embodiment described above is only schematical, wherein saying as separation unit
Bright unit may or may not be physically separated, and component shown as a unit can be or can not also
It is physical unit, it can it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.It can be according to actual need
Some or all of the modules therein is selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying
Out in the case where creative work, it can understand and implement.
It is described in detail structure, feature and effect of the invention based on the embodiments shown in the drawings, but more than
Only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention needs to explain, technical characteristic involved in above-described embodiment and its preferred embodiment, this
Field technical staff can be under the premise of not departing from, not changing mentality of designing and technical effect of the invention, reasonably group
Conjunction mixes into a variety of equivalent schemes；Therefore, the present invention does not limit the scope of implementation as shown in the drawings, all according to conception of the invention
Made change or equivalent example modified to equivalent change, when not going beyond the spirit of the description and the drawings,
It should be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of top hammer of cubic press monitors system characterized by comprising data processing unit, Audio Signal Processing list
Microphone array first and set on cubic hinge press；
The microphone array is connect with the input terminal of the audio signal processing unit, the data processing unit and the sound
The output end of audio signalprocessing unit connects；
The voice signal that the microphone array is issued for acquiring the top hammer of cubic hinge press in real time；
The audio signal processing unit is for handling the voice signal and will treated that the voice signal is sent to is described
Data processing unit；
The data processing unit is used for the state of the voice signal analysis top hammer according to treated.
2. top hammer of cubic press according to claim 1 monitors system, which is characterized in that in the microphone array
Microphone unit is mounted on the big cushion block of the piston of cubic hinge press.
3. top hammer of cubic press according to claim 2 monitors system, which is characterized in that the microphone unit quantity
It is three, three microphone units are separately mounted on the big cushion block of three movable cylinders or three stationary cylinders.
4. top hammer of cubic press according to claim 3 monitors system, which is characterized in that three microphone units
Spacing is equal two-by-two, constitutes the microphone array of equilateral triangle.
5. top hammer of cubic press according to any one of claims 1 to 4 monitors system, which is characterized in that the system
Further include: alarm unit and the main control unit of control cubic hinge press operation；
The main control unit is connect with the data processing unit, the shape of the top hammer for being sent according to the data processing unit
The alarm unit output alarm signal is shut down and/or triggered to state, control cubic hinge press.
6. a kind of top hammer of cubic press monitoring method characterized by comprising
The voice signal under the cubic hinge press working condition acquired by microphone array is obtained in real time；
Preliminary analysis is carried out to the voice signal, identifies suspected target audio data；
Based on preset pattern recognition strategy, determine that true top hammer is broken audio number from the suspected target audio data
According to.
7. top hammer of cubic press monitoring method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described to the voice signal
Preliminary analysis is carried out, identifies that suspected target audio data includes:
Using the voice signal in set period of time as unit of analysis, the time domain and frequency domain value of the voice signal are calculated；
According to time domain and the relationship of frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold, analyze whether the voice signal is doubtful mesh
Mark audio data.
8. top hammer of cubic press monitoring method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
The time domain for calculating the voice signal and frequency domain value include:
Calculate the time domain maximum value and time domain minimum value of the voice signal in set period of time；
Calculate the energy summation in set period of time within the scope of the pre-set frequency band of the voice signal；
It is described according to time domain and the relationship of frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold, analyze whether the voice signal is doubtful
Include: like target audio data
When the time domain maximum value is greater than preset time domain positive threshold and the time domain minimum value is less than preset time domain negative sense
When threshold value and the energy summation are greater than preset energy threshold, determine that the voice signal in the set period of time is doubtful
Like target audio data.
9. top hammer of cubic press monitoring method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described to be based on preset mode
Recognition strategy determines that true top hammer fracture audio data includes from the suspected target audio data:
Multidimensional characteristic is extracted from each data frame of the suspected target audio data, the multidimensional characteristic is by temporal signatures
And/or frequency domain character composition；
The identification model constructed according to the multidimensional characteristic and in advance determines true top hammer fracture audio data.
10. according to the described in any item top hammer of cubic press monitoring methods of claim 6~9, which is characterized in that the method
Further include:
Successively call a microphone unit of microphone array as reference array element；
Using the reference array element, the source position of the top hammer fracture audio data is positioned.
11. a kind of top hammer of cubic press monitoring device characterized by comprising
Sound acquisition module, for obtaining the sound letter under the cubic hinge press working condition by microphone array acquisition in real time
Number；
Preliminary analysis module identifies suspected target audio data for carrying out preliminary analysis to the voice signal；
Pattern recognition module determines true for being based on preset pattern recognition strategy from the suspected target audio data
Top hammer be broken audio data.
12. top hammer of cubic press monitoring device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the preliminary analysis module
It specifically includes:
Audio analysis unit, for using the voice signal in set period of time as unit of analysis, calculating the sound letter
Number time domain and frequency domain value；
Doubtful data determining unit analyzes institute for the relationship according to time domain and frequency-domain calculations result and preset judgment threshold
State whether voice signal is suspected target audio data.
13. top hammer of cubic press monitoring device according to claim 12, which is characterized in that
The audio analysis unit specifically includes:
Time-domain value computation module, for calculating the time domain maximum value and time domain minimum value of the voice signal in set period of time；
Frequency domain value computation module, it is total for calculating energy in set period of time within the scope of the pre-set frequency band of the voice signal
With；
The doubtful data determining unit is specifically used for, when meet the time domain maximum value greater than preset time domain positive threshold,
And the time domain minimum value is sentenced less than preset time domain negative sense threshold value and when the energy summation is greater than preset energy threshold
The voice signal in the fixed set period of time is suspected target audio data.
14. top hammer of cubic press monitoring device according to claim 11, which is characterized in that the pattern recognition module
It specifically includes:
Multi-dimension feature extraction unit, for extracting multidimensional characteristic from each data frame of the suspected target audio data,
The multidimensional characteristic is made of temporal signatures and/or frequency domain character；
True fracture data identification unit, the identification model for constructing according to the multidimensional characteristic and in advance, is determined true
Real top hammer is broken audio data.
15. 1~14 described in any item top hammer of cubic press monitoring devices according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dress
It sets further include:
Reference array element calling module, for successively calling a microphone unit of microphone array as reference array element；
It is broken auditory localization module, for utilizing the reference array element, positions the source position of the top hammer fracture audio data.
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