CN110198145B - Multistable vibration energy trapping structure - Google Patents
Multistable vibration energy trapping structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110198145B CN110198145B CN201910564294.3A CN201910564294A CN110198145B CN 110198145 B CN110198145 B CN 110198145B CN 201910564294 A CN201910564294 A CN 201910564294A CN 110198145 B CN110198145 B CN 110198145B
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistable vibration energy capturing structure which comprises a support, wherein a clamping plate and a sliding groove are respectively arranged at the upper part and the bottom of the support; the cantilever beam is fixed between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate through bolts, and the end part of the cantilever beam is connected with an end part permanent magnet; the side of the sliding groove is provided with an extension hole, a magnet container is arranged in the sliding groove, and a bottom permanent magnet is arranged in the magnet container. The invention realizes the multi-stable effect by introducing the nonlinear magnetic force, and effectively improves the energy capture efficiency and the working frequency band of the energy capture device. The non-linear magnetic force is introduced by installing the bottom permanent magnets in the sliding grooves, the non-linear magnetic force is utilized to generate a multi-stable effect, the cantilever beam vibrates under the action of external excitation, and vibration energy is converted into electric energy based on the positive piezoelectric effect in the vibration process of the cantilever beam. The invention is easy to realize and adjust the multi-stable structure, and can effectively improve the energy capture efficiency and widen the working frequency band of the energy capture device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy capture, and particularly relates to a multistable vibration energy capture structure.
Background
With the development of modern electronic technology, low-energy-consumption microsensors and micro-electromechanical systems are widely applied to various aspects of social life such as wireless sensor networks, environmental monitoring, internet of things, structural health monitoring and the like. At present, the conventional chemical batteries are mainly used for supplying energy to the miniature electronic equipment, but the conventional chemical batteries have the defects of short service life, environmental pollution and high periodic replacement cost.
The environmental protection of green low carbon has become the inevitable trend of future social development, and renewable energy has received high attention from the nation and the society. The energy capture technology is to convert various forms of energy in the environment, such as light energy, wind energy, heat energy, vibration energy and the like, into electric energy for storage. The vibration energy is widely used as energy in the nature, is converted into electric energy for storage and use based on the direct piezoelectric effect or the electromagnetic induction law, and is an effective way for capturing energy.
How to improve the efficiency of energy capture has become one of the hot spots in recent years. The traditional linear energy capturer has a limited working frequency band, and can only have higher energy capture efficiency near the resonant frequency of the traditional linear energy capturer. However, the vibration source in the environment is often a broadband random vibration, and frequency matching is difficult to achieve. In order to improve the energy capture efficiency of the energy capture device under the excitation of a broadband external vibration source, a nonlinear energy capture structure based on magnetic force is focused by researchers in the technical field of energy capture.
The formation of the energy trap into a multistable characteristic by introducing a nonlinear magnetic force is a common method for improving the frequency band characteristic of the energy trap at present. However, the multistable effect of the existing multistable energy capture structure is not easy to realize and difficult to adjust, and the problem exists in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
in order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multistable vibration energy capturing structure which forms multistable characteristics through nonlinear magnetic force and improves energy capturing efficiency. Compared with the common energy capture device at present, the invention has higher energy capture efficiency, wider working frequency band and more convenient realization and adjustment of the multi-stable structure.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multistable vibrational energy harvesting structure, characterized by: the device comprises a support, a clamping plate, a cantilever beam, a chute, an end permanent magnet, N bottom permanent magnets and N magnet containers, wherein N is more than or equal to 3;
the support is used for fixing and supporting the whole device, and the sliding groove is horizontally fixed on the support; the sliding chute is of a hollow cuboid structure with an opening at the upper end, and two opposite long edges of the opening end of the sliding chute are concave arc surfaces; the bottom permanent magnet is of a blocky structure, is arranged in the magnet container and is fixed at the opening end along the sliding groove concave arc surface through the magnet container;
the cantilever beam is vertically fixed on the support through the clamping plate and is positioned at the center right above the sliding groove, the top end of the cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the clamping plate, and the tail end of the cantilever beam is fixed with an end permanent magnet; the end permanent magnet is arranged opposite to the bottom permanent magnet in the sliding chute, namely, the opposite faces have the same polarity and can generate repulsion force, so that the distance between the end permanent magnet at the tail end of the cantilever beam and the concave arc surface of the sliding chute is kept unchanged when the cantilever beam vibrates, and the distance between the end permanent magnet and each bottom permanent magnet is further the same; the surface of the cantilever beam is attached with a piezoelectric material, and vibration energy is converted into electric energy through a positive piezoelectric effect during vibration.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the support is of an L-shaped structure, the sliding groove is fixed on the upper surface of the L-shaped support base plate, and the clamping plate is fixed on the inner side surface of the L-shaped support through a bolt; the clamping plate comprises a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate which are both L-shaped plates, the cantilever beam is fixed between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate through a bolt, and the vertical position of the cantilever beam is further adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the bolt for fixing the cantilever beam and the clamping plate; the horizontal position of the cantilever beam is further adjusted by adjusting the horizontal positions of the bolts for fixing the clamping plate and the inner side surface of the L-shaped support.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the magnet container is of a hollow box body structure with an opening at the upper end, and the bottom permanent magnet is fixed at the opening end of the bottom permanent magnet; through holes are coaxially formed in two opposite box walls at the lower end of the magnet container and used for penetrating through the double-end stud; the other two opposite box walls at the lower end of the magnet container are coaxially provided with threaded through holes, an angle adjusting screw is respectively installed on the two threaded through holes, the double-end stud is clamped between the two angle adjusting screws and used for screwing and fixing the double-end stud, and the angle of the magnet container relative to the sliding chute is further adjusted;
extension holes are formed below the two concave cambered surfaces of the sliding groove, are arranged in parallel with the concave cambered surfaces and have the same radian; and enabling the part of the stud extending out of the magnet container to pass through the extension holes on two sides, and screwing and fixing the stud through a nut.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the bottom permanent magnet and the magnet container are in interference fit.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the support is made by aluminum alloy material, the cantilever beam is made by stainless steel material, the tip permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron magnet.
Advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes the multi-stable effect by introducing the nonlinear magnetic force, and effectively improves the energy capture efficiency and the working frequency band of the energy capture device. The non-linear magnetic force is introduced by installing the bottom permanent magnets in the sliding grooves, the non-linear magnetic force is utilized to generate a multi-stable effect, the cantilever beam vibrates under the action of external excitation, and vibration energy is converted into electric energy based on the positive piezoelectric effect in the vibration process of the cantilever beam.
The sliding groove with the concave arc surface is designed, so that the distance between the tail end of the cantilever beam and the concave arc surface of the sliding groove is kept unchanged in the vibration process of the cantilever beam, and the magnetic force between the bottom permanent magnet and the end permanent magnet is ensured not to be reduced due to the increase of the distance between the bottom permanent magnet and the end permanent magnet in the vibration process of the cantilever beam, so that the multistable effect is easier to realize, the energy capture efficiency is improved, and the energy capture structure in the prior art is difficult to realize. Meanwhile, the multistable effect can be adjusted to adapt to different working environments by adjusting the position and the angle of the bottom permanent magnet.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a multistable vibrational energy trapping structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the connection of the magnet container with the stud and the angle adjusting screw according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the connection of the magnet container with the stud and the angle adjusting screw according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a support, 2 parts of a sliding groove, 3 parts of a left clamping plate, 4 parts of a right clamping plate, 5 parts of a cantilever beam, 6 parts of an end permanent magnet, 7 parts of a magnet container, 8 parts of a bottom permanent magnet, 9 parts of an angle adjusting screw and 10 parts of a double-end stud.
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a multistable vibration energy capturing structure, which includes a support 1, wherein a clamping plate and a chute 2 are respectively installed at the upper part and the bottom part of the support 1; the clamping plate comprises a left clamping plate 3 and a right clamping plate 4, a cantilever beam 5 is fixed between the left clamping plate 3 and the right clamping plate 4 through bolts, and the end part of the cantilever beam 5 is connected with an end part permanent magnet 6; the side of the sliding chute 2 is provided with an extension hole, 3 magnet containers 7 are arranged in the sliding chute 2, and a bottom permanent magnet 8, a stud 10 and a direction adjusting screw 9 are arranged in each magnet container 7. The support 1 is made by aluminum alloy material, and the cantilever beam 5 is made by stainless steel material, and tip permanent magnet 6 is neodymium iron boron magnet, and the splint pass through the bolt and install on the support. Be equipped with two hole sites on the cantilever beam 5, be connected with splint through the bolt perforation, the cantilever beam 5 surface is attached with piezoelectric material, and its terminal unchangeable with the distance of spout 2 when the cantilever beam 5 vibrates, and the opposite face of tip permanent magnet 6 and bottom permanent magnet 8 is the same polarity, produces the repulsion.
When the cantilever type vibration energy storage device works, the support 1 is arranged on vibration sources such as building structures or mechanical structures, the support 1 drives the cantilever beam 5 to vibrate under the excitation of an external vibration source, the cantilever beam 5 jumps among various stable states under the action of the repulsion force of the bottom permanent magnet 8 on the end permanent magnet 6 at the tail end of the cantilever beam 5, piezoelectric materials attached to the surface of the cantilever beam can generate strain, and the vibration energy is converted into electric energy to be stored. The position of the bottom permanent magnet 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the stud bolt 10 in the chute 2, and the rotating angle of the bottom permanent magnet 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the angle adjusting screw 9.
As shown in fig. 2, the bottom permanent magnet 8 is installed in the magnet container 7 by interference fit, the stud bolts 10 are installed in the front and rear through holes of the magnet container 7, and the magnet container 7 and the stud bolts 10 are in clearance fit, that is, the magnet container 7 can rotate around the stud bolts 10, and the direction adjusting screws 9 are installed on the left and right of the magnet container 7.
As shown in fig. 3, when the direction adjustment screw 9 is not tightened, the magnet container 7 can rotate around the stud 10, and the rotation angle of the bottom permanent magnet 8 can be adjusted; after the rotation angle of the bottom permanent magnet 8 is determined, the direction adjusting screw 9 is tightened, so that the magnet container 7 and the stud bolt 10 do not rotate relatively.
The invention provides a multistable vibration energy capturing structure which is high in energy capturing efficiency, wide in working frequency band, simple in structure, easy to realize and adjust multistable effect and capable of replacing a traditional chemical battery to supply power to a low-power consumption microelectronic device.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A multistable vibrational energy harvesting structure, characterized by: the device comprises a support, a clamping plate, a cantilever beam, a chute, an end permanent magnet, N bottom permanent magnets and N magnet containers, wherein N is more than or equal to 3;
the support is used for fixing and supporting the whole device, and the sliding groove is horizontally fixed on the support; the sliding chute is of a hollow cuboid structure with an opening at the upper end, and two opposite long edges of the opening end of the sliding chute are concave arc surfaces; the bottom permanent magnet is of a blocky structure, is arranged in the magnet container and is fixed at the opening end along the sliding groove concave arc surface through the magnet container;
the cantilever beam is vertically fixed on the support through the clamping plate and is positioned at the center right above the sliding groove, the top end of the cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the clamping plate, and the tail end of the cantilever beam is fixed with an end permanent magnet; the end permanent magnet is arranged opposite to the bottom permanent magnet in the sliding chute, namely, the opposite faces have the same polarity and can generate repulsion force, so that the distance between the end permanent magnet at the tail end of the cantilever beam and the concave arc surface of the sliding chute is kept unchanged when the cantilever beam vibrates, and the distance between the end permanent magnet and each bottom permanent magnet is further the same; piezoelectric materials are attached to the surfaces of the cantilever beams, and vibration energy is converted into electric energy through a positive piezoelectric effect during vibration;
the magnet container is of a hollow box body structure with an opening at the upper end, and the bottom permanent magnet is fixed at the opening end of the bottom permanent magnet; through holes are coaxially formed in two opposite box walls at the lower end of the magnet container and used for penetrating through the double-end stud; the other two opposite box walls at the lower end of the magnet container are coaxially provided with threaded through holes, an angle adjusting screw is respectively installed on the two threaded through holes, the double-end stud is clamped between the two angle adjusting screws and used for screwing and fixing the double-end stud, and the angle of the magnet container relative to the sliding chute is further adjusted;
extension holes are formed below the two concave cambered surfaces of the sliding groove, are arranged in parallel with the concave cambered surfaces and have the same radian; and enabling the part of the stud extending out of the magnet container to pass through the extension holes on two sides, and screwing and fixing the stud through a nut.
2. The multistable vibrational energy trapping structure of claim 1, wherein: the support is of an L-shaped structure, the sliding groove is fixed on the upper surface of the L-shaped support base plate, and the clamping plate is fixed on the inner side surface of the L-shaped support through a bolt; the clamping plate comprises a left clamping plate and a right clamping plate which are both L-shaped plates, the cantilever beam is fixed between the left clamping plate and the right clamping plate through a bolt, and the vertical position of the cantilever beam is further adjusted by adjusting the vertical position of the bolt for fixing the cantilever beam and the clamping plate; the horizontal position of the cantilever beam is further adjusted by adjusting the horizontal positions of the bolts for fixing the clamping plate and the inner side surface of the L-shaped support.
3. The multistable vibrational energy trapping structure of claim 1, wherein: the bottom permanent magnet and the magnet container are in interference fit.
4. The multistable vibrational energy trapping structure of claim 1, wherein: the support is made by aluminum alloy material, the cantilever beam is made by stainless steel material, the tip permanent magnet is neodymium iron boron magnet.
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| CN201910564294.3A CN110198145B (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Multistable vibration energy trapping structure |
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| CN201910564294.3A CN110198145B (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Multistable vibration energy trapping structure |
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| CN110198145B true CN110198145B (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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