CN108832842A - It is a kind of for collect horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating can raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit - Google Patents
It is a kind of for collect horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating can raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is related to renewable energy and micropower technical field of power generation, the vibrational energy in horizontal plane can be collected automatically, and reliable and stable can be run, and it is low to process use cost.The present invention includes：For the mass block 1 of swing, the cycloid 2 of traction tones block 1, the first cantilever beam 3, the second cantilever beam 4, piezoelectric element 5, the first permanent magnet 6 and the second permanent magnet 7 converted for mechanical-electric coupling；Mass block 1 constitutes the swing ball in oscillating structure；The rigidity of first cantilever beam 3 collectively forms oscillating structure less than the second cantilever beam 4, the first cantilever beam 3 and mass block 1 and swing ball 2；Second cantilever beam 4 and piezoelectric element 5 constitute the piezoelectric cantilever for the oscillating structure that generates electricity；First permanent magnet 6 and the second permanent magnet 7 are placed in parallel, and constitute a pair of non-linear repulsive interaction.The present invention is suitable for the automatic collection of the vibrational energy of either direction in horizontal plane.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to renewable energy and micropower technical field of power generation, more particularly to one kind is for collecting horizontal direction
The raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of superlow frequency vibrating energy.
Background technique
Environmental energy collection technique is a kind of by certain in ambient enviroment or several energy sources, is converted by certain mode
For the technology of electric energy.It widely applies in the shared equipment such as shared bicycle, shopping cart, is supplied for intelligent lock device at present
Electricity avoids operator and needs huge maintenance cost caused by the battery of high-volume replacement daily.Among these, piezoresistive material is utilized
The direct piezoelectric effect of material converts ambient vibration mechanical energy to the piezoelectric generating unit of electric energy, obtains the blueness of most scholars
It looks at.
In order to maximize mechanical-electric coupling efficiency, the intrinsic frequency and environment vibration source frequency of collector itself are often required that
Match.In practical application, relative to piezoelectricity and electromagnetic generator, there is a problem of that generated output is especially low.And due to piezoelectric electro
The generated output of magnetic electric organ is the growth with vibration frequency and improves, by taking Electromagnetic generation device as an example, in order to improve vibration frequency
Rate generally requires to improve rotational frequency by the complicated gear speed increaser (such as planetary gear) of design to improve electric work
The problem of rate, which results in higher costs, it is difficult to quickly form industrialization.Therefore, it is relatively easy how to design a kind of structure,
Piezoelectric generating unit scheme compared to processing compared with more cheap and simple for gear up design becomes in the art urgently to be solved
Problem.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provide it is a kind of for collect horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating can raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit,
It reliable and stable can run, and it is low to process use cost, and can collect the vibrational energy of either direction in horizontal plane automatically.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
It is a kind of for collect horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating can raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit, including：Matter for swing
Gauge block (1), the first cantilever beam (3), the second cantilever beam (4), is used for mechanical-electric coupling conversion at the cycloid (2) of traction tones block (1)
Piezoelectric element (5), the first permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7)；Mass block (1) constitutes the swing ball in oscillating structure, by
Cycloid (2) lies in cantilever beam (3) free end, and cycloid (2) is non-telescoping cycloid；The rigidity of first cantilever beam (3) is less than second
Cantilever beam (4), the first cantilever beam (3) and mass block (1) and swing ball (2) collectively form oscillating structure, wherein the first cantilever beam
(3) equivalent spring in the oscillating structure is constituted；It is outstanding that second cantilever beam (4) and piezoelectric element (5) constitute oscillating structure piezoelectricity
Arm beam, for converting electric energy for vibration mechanical energy；First permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) are placed in parallel, and constitute one
To non-linear repulsive interaction.
Specifically, in the oscillating structure：Second permanent magnet (7) is fixed on the free end of the first cantilever beam (3), and second
Permanent magnet (6) is fixed on the free end of the second cantilever beam (4).Second cantilever beam (4) is flake, and the first cantilever beam (3) is thin
The U-shaped framework of sheet, the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are placed in same level, and the first cantilever beam (3)
It does not contact with each other with the second cantilever beam (4)；Second cantilever beam (4) is embedded in the first cantilever beam (3) structure.
Optionally, in the oscillating structure：First cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are distributed in fixed base side by side
One end of plinth, in the initial state, the geometric center point of the second permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) should be at same level
On face.In the oscillating structure：First cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are all flake, the first cantilever beam (3) and
Second cantilever beam (4) is placed in same level, and the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) do not contact with each other；The
One cantilever beam (3) is arranged parallel with the second cantilever beam (4).
A kind of raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction ultralow frequency collection of energy provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is sharp first
Principle is put with nonlinear spring, 2 times will be promoted with the matched low frequency vibration source of intrinsic frequency is swung, i.e. the first cantilever beam (3) is at it
It is substantially vibrated at intrinsic frequency；Then two degrees of freedom Nonlinear Cubic principle is utilized, by non-linear magnetic force, further promotes vibration
To 6 times, i.e. the second cantilever beam (4) substantially vibrates source frequency at its intrinsic frequency.Since the second cantilever beam (4) root is integrated with
Piezoelectric element, the electric voltage frequency of final output will be equal to the frequency of oscillation of the second cantilever beam (4), as initial environment vibration source frequency
6 times.To realize a kind of piezoelectric oscillator structure that can match ultralow frequency environment vibration source, stable and reliable operation, processing makes
With at low cost, while output frequency can be effectively promoted, improve generated output；And either direction in horizontal plane can be collected automatically
Vibrational energy is intervened without extraneous.
Detailed description of the invention
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is a kind of possible structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is alternatively possible structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the equivalent model schematic diagram of raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit structure；
Fig. 4 is the simplified equivalent structure operational process schematic diagram of raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit；
Fig. 5 is that swing intrinsic frequency provided in an embodiment of the present invention adjusts schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is swing ball quality design-adjustable schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that theoretical calculation provided in an embodiment of the present invention obtains each freedom degree waveform of system and its power spectrum
Degree.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment party
Present invention is further described in detail for formula.Embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail below, the embodiment is shown
Example be shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar labels are throughly indicated same or similar components or have it is identical or
The components of similar functions.It is exemplary below with reference to the embodiment of attached drawing description, for explaining only the invention, and
It is not construed as limiting the claims.Those skilled in the art of the present technique are appreciated that unless otherwise defined, institute used herein
There are term (including technical terms and scientific terms) that there is the general understanding with the those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention
Identical meaning.It should also be understood that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that have with it is existing
The consistent meaning of meaning in the context of technology, and unless defined as here, idealization or too formal will not be used
Meaning explain.
It is specifically provided in the present embodiment a kind of for collecting the raising frequency formula piezo-electric generating of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy
Device, including：
For the mass block (1) of swing, the cycloid (2) of traction tones block (1), the first cantilever beam (3), the second cantilever beam
(4), the piezoelectric element (5) for mechanical-electric coupling conversion, and the first permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) are non-thread for providing
Property bonding force.Specifically：
Mass block (1) constitutes the swing ball in oscillating structure, lies in cantilever beam (3) free end, cycloid (2) by cycloid (2)
For non-telescoping cycloid.
First cantilever beam (3) and mass block (1) and swing ball (2) collectively form oscillating structure, under original state, are placed on same
On one horizontal plane, which greatly reduces device volume.
The rigidity of first cantilever beam (3) is less than the second cantilever beam (4), in the practical application of the present embodiment, can also incite somebody to action
First cantilever beam (3) is known as Low rigidity cantilever beam (3), and the second cantilever beam (4) is known as high rigidity cantilever beam (4).
Second cantilever beam (4) and piezoelectric element (5) constitute the piezoelectric cantilever of the oscillating structure, are used for vibrating machine
Electric energy can be converted into.
First permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) are placed in parallel, and constitute a pair of non-linear repulsive interaction.
Wherein, the first cantilever beam (3) constitutes the equivalent spring in the oscillating structure, but telescopic spring is only along the vertical direction
Variation, the oscillation of the equivalent spring are equivalent to the flexible of spring.It in practical applications, can be only by around change swing ball etc.
Imitate acceleration of gravity realize frequency matching adjust, compared to traditional change pendulum length, which be more applicable for vibrational energy receipts
Acquisition means.
In the present embodiment, for the mass block of swing (1), the oscillation knot of cycloid (2) and the first cantilever beam (3) composition
Structure, swing intrinsic frequency is only related with pendulum length and acceleration of gravity, to realize that ultralow frequency matches, and will not reduce the rigidity of structure
Or aggravate equivalent mass.The vibrational energy of either direction in horizontal plane can be adaptively collected, any external operation is not necessarily to.By cantilever
The equivalent spring in spring oscillator system of beam (3) is slightly distinguished with the Spring Pendulum of strict difinition, and reason is：On stricti jurise
Spring Pendulum in exist along pendulum length direction change acceleration, the present embodiment pendulum length variation acceleration only change along the vertical direction.
In the present embodiment, the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) respective free end are fixed with permanent magnet, that
Up-conversion is finally realized by the ferreous coupling of nonlinear magnetism in repulsive interaction around here.In addition, between the permanent magnet
Away from can be manually adjusted in assembling process.Non-linear repulsive interaction coupling between first permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7)
Affect the kinetic characteristics of the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4).It is outstanding for second as long as meeting the mechanics effect
The specific mounting means of arm beam (4) and the first cantilever beam (3) not fully limits in the present embodiment.Be set forth below two kinds it is feasible
Scheme.
One：As shown in Figure 1, in the oscillating structure：Second permanent magnet (7) is fixed on the first cantilever beam (3)
Free end, the second permanent magnet (6) are fixed on the free end of the second cantilever beam (4).Also, the second cantilever beam (4) is flake, the
One cantilever beam (3) is laminar U-shaped framework, and the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are placed in same level,
And first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) do not contact with each other；Second cantilever beam (4) is embedded in the first cantilever beam (3) knot
In structure.In the initial state, the neutral surface of two cantilever beams is in the same plane, which greatly reduces device volume.From
And on the basis of meeting performance requirement, greatly reduce device volume.
Secondly：As shown in Figure 2, it is contemplated that embedded design method will will increase structure processing and assembly difficulty, into
One step improves out a kind of more simple assembly embodiment, and the cantilever beam (4) and cantilever beam (3) can be distributed in solid side by side
The one end on fixed basis, in the initial state, the geometric center point of permanent magnet should be in same level, which equally can be with
Reduce device volume.Specifically, in the oscillating structure：
First cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are distributed in one end of immobilizing foundation side by side, in the initial state, the
The geometric center point of two permanent magnets (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) should be in same level.Also, the first cantilever beam (3) and
Second cantilever beam (4) is all flake, and the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are placed in same level, and the
One cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) do not contact with each other；First cantilever beam (3) is parallel to each other with the second cantilever beam (4)
Arrangement, to reduce assembly difficulty on the basis of meeting performance requirement, reducing device volume.
Further, in the present embodiment, during the position of cycloid (2) is fixed in the first cantilever beam (3) width direction
Between position, avoid cause cantilever beam (3) torsional oscillation.Wherein, the cycloid (2) and the free end of cantilever beam (3) are affixed or hinged.
According to hinged, then the free end of the cycloid (2) and cantilever beam (3) is hinged by Hooks coupling universal coupling, it is ensured that it can be collected
Either direction vibrational energy in horizontal plane.
In renewable energy and micropower power field, solar energy, wind energy, thermal gradient energy, vibrational energy etc. are common environment
Energy source.Each energy source has its advantage and deficiency, is specifically chosen which kind of energy will comprehensively consider practical application
Various factors makes choice.The invention mainly relates to ambient vibration collection of energy fields because in natural environment, vibrational energy without
Place not and have considerable energy density, substantially meet the application demand of most low power-consumption intelligent equipment.And by
Have many advantages, such as good electromechanical coupling characteristics in piezoelectric material, be convenient for and collector structure is integrated, just using piezoelectric material
Piezoelectric effect converts electric energy for ambient vibration mechanical energy, obtains the favor of most scholars.
The spectrum peak frequency of most of ambient vibrations energy is especially low, such as the vibrational energy that human body/animal activity introduces, frequency
Rate is in 1Hz or so；The vibration of heavy mechanical equipment, civil engineering structure, frequency is within 5Hz etc..In order to maximize electromechanics
Coupling efficiency often requires that the intrinsic frequency of collector itself is matched with environment vibration source frequency, which brings one again
Serial new problem.It is that fragile structure, fatigue life are low first, current most of oscillating structures use mass-spring-damper second order
Mode is designed, and to obtain lower intrinsic frequency, structure equivalent stiffness is especially low, equivalent mass is especially big；Secondly
It is that generated output is especially low, for piezoelectricity and electromagnetic generator, generated output is the growth with vibration frequency and improves,
As piezoelectric ceramics PZT under 20Hz operating condition power density 80mW/cm3, and (10kHz) its power density can be high under high frequency operating condition
Up to 150W/cm3, frequency increases 500 times, and power density improves nearly 2000 times.Inside also such as typical wind-driven generator
Complicated gear speed increaser is just specially devised, for improving rotational frequency to improve generated output.Piezoelectricity is sent out at present
Motivation, some scholars have also started the design of raising frequency formula structure, such as mechanical collision formula, mechanical toggle formula, impact type, mangneto liter
Frequency formula etc., these design raising frequencies are than high, but that there are required excitation acceleration rate thresholds is high, have energy dissipation, impact force big etc. newly
Problem.
In order to maximize mechanical-electric coupling efficiency, the intrinsic frequency and environment vibration source of piezoelectric generating unit oscillating structure are often required that
Frequency matching.In practical application, once vibration source frequency is especially low, it is especially small to there is generated output in piezoelectricity and electromagnetic generator
The problem of.And improved since generated output is the growth with vibration frequency, in order to improve vibration frequency, generally require to pass through
Complicated mechanical structure is designed to realize.Such as large-scale wind driven generator, it is internal just by the planetary gear speedup for having filled valuableness
Device improves coil cutting magnetic induction line frequency to improve generated output, and which results in the high problems of maintenance cost；
Such mechanical structure is also not suitable for applying in some micropower power fields.Therefore, how in low-frequency vibration energy assembling sphere
Design that a kind of structure is relatively easy, the more cheap piezoelectric generating unit scheme of working service cost becomes and in the art is badly in need of solution
Certainly the problem of.
The present embodiment the technical problem to be solved is that:How a kind of piezoelectricity vibration that can match ultralow frequency environment vibration source is designed
Device structure is swung, stable and reliable operation, processing use cost is low, while can effectively promote output frequency, improves generated output.Separately
Outside, it is also required to collect the vibrational energy of either direction in horizontal plane automatically, intervene without extraneous.
For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of pressures for realizing up-conversion based on Nonlinear System with Multi degree of Freedom internal resonance phenomenon
Electrical oscillator structure, it is non-thread by a typical two degrees of freedom oscillating structure and the two degrees of freedom cube based on non-linear magnetic coupling
Property structure is composed.Only realize that frequency matching is adjusted by changing equivalent acceleration of gravity around swing ball, compared to it is traditional
Change pendulum length, which is more applicable for energy gathering apparatus.Spring Pendulum swing ball may be designed to polished rod bolt and add containing screw thread
The combination assembling structure of thru-hole quality block adjusts swing ball quality by selection quality number of blocks, and then adjusts the second freedom degree
Intrinsic frequency can make structure further adapt to environment vibration source.
The technical problem to be solved is that simple vibration is designed on the basis of meeting performance requirement for the embodiment of the present invention
Collection of energy structure, keeps its stable and reliable operation, processing use cost low, and emphasis solves how structure collects horizontal direction
Superlow frequency vibrating energy, and export higher generated output.In the prior art, multi-direction vibrational energy collector research is less, this
Inventive embodiments realize that either direction applies excitation, " spring " in structure in the horizontal plane creatively by oscillating structure
It is able to achieve " flexible " deformation, i.e., cantilever beam (3) vibrates；It is creatively utilized respectively Nonlinear System with Multi degree of Freedom simultaneously
1:2 and 1:3 internal resonance phenomenons realize 1:6 up-conversion；In addition the swing intrinsic frequency of oscillating structure only accelerates with gravity
Degree is related with pendulum length, unrelated with the equivalent stiffness of structure and quality, therefore the embodiment of the present invention is creatively realizing ultralow vibration
While dynamic frequency matches, architectural vulnerability problem is avoided.
A kind of raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction ultralow frequency collection of energy provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is sharp first
Principle is put with nonlinear spring, 2 times will be promoted with the matched low frequency vibration source of intrinsic frequency is swung, i.e. the first cantilever beam (3) is at it
It is substantially vibrated at intrinsic frequency；Then two degrees of freedom Nonlinear Cubic principle is utilized, by non-linear magnetic force, further promotes vibration
To 6 times, i.e. the second cantilever beam (4) substantially vibrates source frequency at its intrinsic frequency.Since the second cantilever beam (4) root is integrated with
Piezoelectric element, the electric voltage frequency of final output will be equal to the frequency of oscillation of the second cantilever beam (4), as initial environment vibration source frequency
6 times.
Above-mentioned raising frequency formula design realizes that, from view of theory, up-conversion process is incompetent by the theory of nonlinear oscillation
Amount loss, while required extraneous acceleration rate threshold is low, therefore theory advantage is obvious.In terms of dynamic system angle, due to vibration
It swings device structure and there is this inherent characteristic of damping, with the increase of up-conversion number, system total losses energy should be also more.
But from saying on the other hand, with the increase of vibration frequency, the electromechanical conversion efficiency of piezoelectric element is also higher, and output power is got over
Greatly, therefore the energy of up-conversion loss is acceptable.This is like the wind-driven generator nowadays widely applied, cabin
Inside must design the uni-drive gear box of installation cost valuableness, although there is energy loss in the process of running in transmission gear,
Extremely low blade rotational frequency (about 19~30 revs/min) can be promoted to about 1500 revs/min by it, greatly improved coil and cut
The frequency of the line of magnetic induction is cut, and then improves generated output.
In conclusion the big energy of the low frequency generated under extraneous incentive action for Spring Pendulum, the embodiment of the present invention is provided
Raising frequency formula design effectively can convert the electric energy with higher output power for big energy.In addition, proposed by the present invention
The advantages that piezoelectric generating unit structure also has structure simple, and processing, assembly are easy, stable and reliable in work.
The specific implementation principle of the present embodiment, it can be understood as：It can regard as by two degrees of freedom squaring nonlinear system and two
It, finally can be equivalent at the Complex Nonlinear System with three degree of freedom made of freedom degree Nonlinear Cubic system in combination.Its
In the second freedom degree be subordinate to squaring nonlinear system and Nonlinear Cubic system respectively, play intermediate function served as bridge, by first from
By spending together with third freedom degree effective connection.According to nonlinear dynamics theory, it is assumed that the first, second, third freedom degree
The ratio between intrinsic frequency be respectively ω 1, ω 2, ω 3, then when the ratio between intrinsic frequency is 1:2:When 6, internal resonance can occur for system
Phenomenon.The first freedom degree of structure belongs to swing ball swing, and natural frequency ω 1 is only related with pendulum length l and swing ball quality m, therefore can be with
The matching with extraneous ultralow excited frequency (generally below 5Hz) is realized in the case where ensuring structural strength.Simultaneously as interior total
The generation for phenomenon of shaking, final electric organ output voltage frequency are 6 times of excited frequency, not only increase the hair of mechanical-electric coupling structure
Electrical power also improves the recovery efficiency that subsequent power extracts circuit.
In a first aspect, a kind of raising frequency formula pressure that can be collected for horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Electric electric organ, structure is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including：Wobble quality block (1), cycloid (2), Low rigidity cantilever beam (3), Gao Gang
Spend cantilever beam (4), for the piezoelectric element (5) of mechanical-electric coupling conversion and permanent magnet (6) for providing Non-linear coupling power and
(7).The mass block (1) constitutes the swing ball in spring oscillator system, lies in cantilever beam (3) free end by non-telescoping cycloid；
The cantilever beam (3) constitutes the equivalent spring in spring oscillator system, and oscillation is equivalent to the flexible of spring；The cantilever beam (4)
Piezoelectric cantilever is constituted with piezoelectric element (5), for converting electric energy for vibration mechanical energy；The permanent magnet (6) and (7) structure
Non-linear repulsive interaction in a pair, the coupling influence kinetic characteristics of cantilever beam (3) and (4).
A kind of raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit that can be collected for horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
Its structure equivalent model is as shown in figure 3, include：The single pendulum system that intrinsic frequency is ω 1 is swung, freedom degree is denoted as x1；Inherently
Frequency is the mass-spring-damper oscillatory system of ω 2, and freedom degree is denoted as x2；Intrinsic frequency is quality-spring-resistance of ω 3
Buddhist nun-piezoelectric vibration system, freedom degree are denoted as x3.The excitation of either direction in horizontal plane, if frequency is swinging intrinsic frequency
Near ω 1, it will cause the substantially oscillation of single pendulum, and then the generation of mass-spring-damper oscillatory system is driven substantially to vibrate, by
In the ferreous presence of nonlinear magnetism, final mass-spring-damper-piezoelectric vibration system also occurs substantially to vibrate, and drives piezoelectricity member
Part efficiently generates electricity.
Working principle and the operational process schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention are as shown in figure 4, the figure shows single pendulum systems to exist
In half period (ω 1/2), the corresponding oscillatory regime of each section.When swing ball is located at left side highest point shown in Fig. 3, spring
Spring in pendulum is in " compression " state, i.e. cantilever beam (3) is at the highest notch.When cantilever beam (3) are in shown in Fig. 3 horizontal
When state, cantilever beam (4) is generally also at horizontality；But cantilever beam (3) vibrated for 1/4 period at this time, and cantilever beam (4) vibrates
3/4 period.When swing ball is located at minimum point shown in Fig. 3, the spring in Spring Pendulum is in " elongation " state, i.e. cantilever beam
(3) it is in minimum point.When cantilever beam (3) is in horizontality shown in Fig. 3, ordinary circumstance Analysis of A Cantilever Beam Under (4) is similarly in
Horizontality.Finally, the spring in Spring Pendulum is in " compression " state when ball is located at right left side highest point shown in Fig. 3, i.e., it is outstanding
Arm beam (3) is at the highest notch, and completes 1 cycle of oscillation, and swing ball is only completed 1/2 cycle of oscillation at this time, and cantilever beam (4) is complete
At 3 cycles of oscillation.
For raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit structure, swing ball can be selected that density is larger while lower-cost material is made,
Such as lead, steel metal material；Its cycloid is made of non-extensible flexible material, such as nylon wire, wire, polyethylene fibre line
Deng；The materials such as stainless steel, spring steel are generally selected in its cantilever beam structure (3) and (4)；Permanent magnet (6) and (7) are typically chosen neodymium iron
Boron material.
Since high rigidity cantilever beam (4) to be embedded in Low rigidity cantilever beam (3) structure, so that device length reduces one
Half, in initial assembly, two cantilever beam neutral surfaces should be at same plane.
In view of difficulty of the embedded design in terms of assembly and processing, in addition the present invention proposes a kind of block form assembly side
Case, i.e. cantilever beam (3) and (4) are arranged in juxtaposition in base apparatus side, can equally make single unit system length reduction's half, first
When beginning to assemble, permanent magnet geometric center should be at same level.
Further, permanent magnet (6) and (7) respectively correspond the free end for being fixed on cantilever beam (3) and (4), two permanent magnets
Between be in repulsive interaction, in assembly, the spacing between permanent magnet should adjust and be arranged in which can be convenient.
Cantilever beam (3) and (4) should be designed to asymmetrical form, avoid the repulsion formed between permanent magnet in theoretical model
Power is always 0, which is mainly reflected in the equivalent beam length or rigidity of cantilever beam.
As an implementation, raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit system, the ratio between each freedom degree intrinsic frequency is in linear conditions
Under should be 1:2:6, or close to the value.When occurring magnetic coupling in system, the intrinsic frequency of cantilever beam (3) and (4) can be sent out
Raw offset, and the spacing between degrees of offset and permanent magnet is related, therefore in actual design, cantilever beam (3) and (4) it is equivalent
Beam length should acceptable further fine adjustment.
Further, the mode of cantilever beam (3) and (4) intrinsic frequency fine adjustment can be realized by two ways respectively.It is right
In cantilever beam (3), the position of the fixed cycloid in free end can suitably be adjusted along beam length direction, be equivalent to fine adjustment cantilever beam
(3) equivalent beam length, has suitably changed its intrinsic frequency.For cantilever beam (4), fixing end can be appropriate extended or retracted
Base apparatus directly changes its intrinsic frequency by way of fine adjustment beam length.It is worth noting that, working as the equivalent beam length of cantilever beam
When changing, for block form assembly system, permanent magnetism body position should be suitably adjusted, keeps it as positioned opposite as possible.
Further, once assembly be completed, swinging natural frequency ω 1 can also occur partially raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit system
It moves.According to nonlinear vibration mechanics theory, the amplitude-versus-frequency curve of oscillation system will offset out two peak value frequencies to both sides at this time
Rate.For matched environment vibration source frequency, when designing piezoelectric generating unit, the swing natural frequency ω 1 under linear conditions should be made to omit
The micro- environment vibration source frequency to be collected of deviation.It is directed to the application that environment vibration source frequency changes frequent occurrence, this is intrinsic
Frequency shift (FS) characteristic has widened device working band instead, is more conducive to ambient vibration collection of energy, enhances piezo-electric generating
The environment survival ability of device device.
Further, raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit it can swing intrinsic frequency with automatic adjusument, to the maximum extent
With environment vibration source frequency, there is higher generated output to export always.For swinging the adjusting of intrinsic frequency, can theoretically pass through
Change pendulum length l and gravity acceleration g is realized, and it is generally believed that gravity acceleration g is constant, reality only can be by changing
Become pendulum length l and realizes that matching is adjusted.The embodiment of the present invention, which innovatively passes through, changes equivalent gravity acceleration g realization frequency matching tune
Section, in practical applications, which is most effective instead, feasible.
According to above-mentioned principle, the embodiment of the present invention can be fixed with permanent magnet material below swing ball, as shown in Figure 5.At this time
Swing ball should be made of permeability magnetic material, the equivalent value for increasing gravity acceleration g of the attraction that permanent magnet generates swing ball (1),
Spacing d is smaller, and it is higher that swing ball swings intrinsic frequency.Frequency is adjusted compared to pendulum length l is changed, the embodiment has easy
It realizes, adjust the advantages such as simple.
Further, it is contemplated that the second freedom degree quality-spring oscillatory system intrinsic frequency is adjustable, and the present invention is implemented
Example increases swing ball quality design-adjustable, as shown in Figure 6.Swing ball structure can be by polished rod bolt and several threaded through hole
Mass block composition, by selecting the combination of different quality block to realize manually adjusting for equivalent mass.The swing ball quality and the
Equivalent mass in two degrees of freedom quality-spring oscillatory system is positively correlated, therefore is convenient to adjust the freedom degree intrinsic frequency,
Further adapt to ambient vibration source, the survival ability of enhancement device.
Finally, Fig. 7 gives under exemplary ultra low frequency exciting source, the dynamic response time-domain diagram of each freedom degree of system and its
Power spectrum chart.Wherein the frequency of exciting source is 3.36Hz, close with intrinsic frequency is swung, due to 1:2 internal resonance effect is hanged
The vibration frequency of arm beam (3) is 6.71Hz, is 2 times of excited frequency；Again due to Nonlinear Cubic system 1:3 internal resonance effects,
The predominant oscillatory frequencies of cantilever beam (4) are 20.29 Hz, are 3 times of cantilever beam (3) vibration frequency.In conclusion due to piezoelectricity
Conversion elements are integrated on cantilever beam (4), and final output electric voltage frequency is equal to the vibration frequency of cantilever beam (4), are exciting frequency
6 times of rate, substantially increase up-conversion rate.
The embodiment of the present invention is simple and reliable for structure, has great application prospect.In view of device working life, stability
The problems such as, can simply increase by a protective device in the specific implementation, such as the packaging protection of rectangular parallelepiped structure, prevent impact,
The extreme cases such as inversion influence.
All the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for equipment reality
For applying example, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so describing fairly simple, related place is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
This, anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the variation that can readily occur in or replaces
It changes, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claim
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, which is characterized in that including：
Mass block (1) for swing, cycloid (2), the first cantilever beam (3), the second cantilever beam for traction tones block (1)
(4), piezoelectric element (5), the first permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) for mechanical-electric coupling conversion；
Mass block (1) constitutes the swing ball in oscillating structure, lies in cantilever beam (3) free end by cycloid (2), cycloid (2) is not
Scalable cycloid；
The rigidity of first cantilever beam (3) is total less than the second cantilever beam (4), the first cantilever beam (3) and mass block (1) and swing ball (2)
With composition oscillating structure, wherein the first cantilever beam (3) constitutes the equivalent spring in the oscillating structure；
Second cantilever beam (4) and piezoelectric element (5) constitute the piezoelectric cantilever of oscillating structure, for converting vibration mechanical energy to
Electric energy；
First permanent magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) are placed in parallel, and constitute a pair of non-linear repulsive interaction.
2. it is according to claim 1 for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is special
Sign is, in the oscillating structure：Second permanent magnet (7) is fixed on the free end of the first cantilever beam (3), the second permanent magnet
(6) it is fixed on the free end of the second cantilever beam (4).
3. it is according to claim 2 for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is special
Sign is, in the oscillating structure：
Second cantilever beam (4) is flake, and the first cantilever beam (3) is laminar U-shaped framework, the first cantilever beam (3) and second
Cantilever beam (4) is placed in same level, and the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) do not contact with each other；Second is outstanding
Arm beam (4) is embedded in the first cantilever beam (3) structure.
4. it is according to claim 1 for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is special
Sign is, in the oscillating structure：
First cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are distributed in one end of immobilizing foundation side by side, and in the initial state, second forever
The geometric center point of magnet (6) and the second permanent magnet (7) should be in same level.
5. it is according to claim 4 for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is special
Sign is, in the oscillating structure：
First cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are all flake, and the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) are placed on
In same level, and the first cantilever beam (3) and the second cantilever beam (4) do not contact with each other；
First cantilever beam (3) is arranged parallel with the second cantilever beam (4).
6. it is according to claim 1 for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is special
Sign is that the position of cycloid (2) is fixed on the middle position in the first cantilever beam (3) width direction.
7. the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit for being used to collect horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy according to claim 1 or 6,
It is characterized in that, the cycloid (2) and the free end of cantilever beam (3) are affixed or hinged.
8. it is according to claim 7 for collecting the raising frequency formula piezoelectric generating unit of horizontal direction superlow frequency vibrating energy, it is special
Sign is that the cycloid (2) and the free end of cantilever beam (3) are hinged by Hooks coupling universal coupling.
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