CN110196101A - A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device - Google Patents

A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110196101A
CN110196101A CN201910528438.XA CN201910528438A CN110196101A CN 110196101 A CN110196101 A CN 110196101A CN 201910528438 A CN201910528438 A CN 201910528438A CN 110196101 A CN110196101 A CN 110196101A
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China
Prior art keywords
reflecting mirror
wide spectrum
free form
form surface
entrance slit
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CN201910528438.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯蕾
李雅灿
周锦松
何晓英
魏立冬
杨雷
徐丽
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Academy of Opto Electronics of CAS
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Academy of Opto Electronics of CAS
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Priority to CN201910528438.XA priority Critical patent/CN110196101A/en
Publication of CN110196101A publication Critical patent/CN110196101A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02Details
    • G01J3/0205Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0208Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using focussing or collimating elements, e.g. lenses or mirrors; performing aberration correction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2823Imaging spectrometer

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device, described device includes front-end system, entrance slit, beam splitting system and wide spectrum response detector, and front-end system includes the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror;Incident beam successively enters the entrance slit after the reflection of first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror;The entrance slit is placed at an image planes, and the light beam for being incident on the entrance slit enters the wide spectrum response detector after beam splitting system processing;The beam splitting system includes first surface prism, the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th reflecting mirror, the second curved surface prism, the 6th reflecting mirror.Above-mentioned apparatus is combined using single light path design with wide spectrum response detector, is realized the use demand of wide spectrum, miniaturization by introducing free form surface, is significantly reduced system bulk weight and cost.

Description

A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectral imaging technology field more particularly to a kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging devices.
Background technique
Traditional dioptric system is usually the coaxial system being made of spherical surface or non-spherical lens, is revolved about optical axis Turn symmetrical.But with the expansion of photoelectric instrument use scope, the raising of performance requirement, conventional optical systems since volume is big, It can no longer meet the needs of optoelectronic device miniaturization.The appearance of reflective optics solves the problems, such as this.But coaxial reflection There are central obscurations in system, reduce the utilization rate of energy, then develop non co axial reflecting system, such as three anti-systems. The off-axis aberration of Non-coaxial systems is very big, and is not easy to correct, and is restricted the visual field of system.It is introduced certainly in Non-coaxial systems By curved surface, off-axis aberration can be corrected well, to expand visual field.
The design of freeform optics system in the prior art, no initial configuration or patent can provide selection.Using Free form surface in optical system selectes a kind of face type generally according to the demand difference of system design, and then selection is suitable Position is placed in system and optimizes.This method needs optical designers to have experience abundant, and excellent Need the period longer during changing, circulation can not be jumped out by being easily trapped into local minimum, therefore be difficult to find optimal solution.And it passes It unites in spectral imaging technology, realizes and be imaged from visible near-infrared to the wide spectrum of short-wave infrared, by planar array detector and imaging The restriction of quality, single camera are difficult to realize such wide spectrum imaging, need to can be realized using two or more, it is difficult to meet small-sized The demand of change.And miniaturization spectrometer haves the defects that in performance, the resolving power decline of system, aberration correcting capability is limited, spectrum The problems such as face bending is serious.If realizing the big view field imaging of wide spectrum, camera splicing is generallyd use, is divided after slit by cutting edge and is regarded Field is divided in the brachium placement color separation film of spectrometer, to realize the detection of divided beams, existing imaging spectrometer is deposited Structure is complicated, integrated low defect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device, which uses single light path design, It is combined with wide spectrum response detector, realizes the use demand of wide spectrum, miniaturization by introducing free form surface, significantly Reduce system bulk weight and cost.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device, described device include front-end system, entrance slit, beam splitting system and Wide spectrum response detector, in which:
The front-end system includes the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror;Incident beam successively passes through described Enter the entrance slit after first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the reflection of third reflecting mirror;
The entrance slit is placed at an image planes, be incident on the light beam of the entrance slit through the beam splitting system at Enter the wide spectrum response detector after reason;
The response wave band range covering visible light and short infrared wave band of the wide spectrum response detector, and visible light and Short-wave infrared shares a set of beam splitting system;
The beam splitting system includes first surface prism, the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th reflecting mirror, the second curved surface prism, the 6th Reflecting mirror, in which:
5th reflecting mirror is set as free form surface, the aperture diaphragm of described device is located at the 5th reflecting mirror 13 At position;
By set free form surface, the off-axis of the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th reflecting mirror and the 6th reflecting mirror is controlled The transmission twice of eccentricity and first surface prism, the second curved surface prism, the dispersion for reaching visible light and short-wave infrared are wanted It asks, realizes wide spectrum dispersion.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, above-mentioned apparatus is rung using single light path design with wide spectrum It answers detector to combine, realizes the use demand of wide spectrum, miniaturization by introducing free form surface, significantly reduce system body Product weight and cost.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this For the those of ordinary skill in field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is wide spectrum monochromatic light provided in an embodiment of the present invention road optical spectrum imaging device schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that free form surface described in the embodiment of the present invention solves schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the Spectral line bend schematic diagram of example visible channel of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the band curvature schematic diagram of example visible channel of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the Spectral line bend schematic diagram in example short-wave infrared of the present invention channel;
Fig. 6 is the band curvature schematic diagram in example short-wave infrared of the present invention channel.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this The embodiment of invention, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, is implemented as shown in Figure 1 for the present invention The wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device schematic diagram that example provides, described device include front-end system 5, entrance slit 6, light splitting system System 7 and wide spectrum response detector 16, in which:
The front-end system 5 includes the first reflecting mirror 8, the second reflecting mirror 9 and third reflecting mirror 10, and incident beam is successively Enter the entrance slit 6 after the reflection of first reflecting mirror 8, the second reflecting mirror 9 and third reflecting mirror 10;
The entrance slit 6 is placed at an image planes, is incident on the light beam of the entrance slit 6 through the beam splitting system Enter the wide spectrum response detector 16 after 7 processing;
The response wave band range covering visible light and short infrared wave band of the wide spectrum response detector 16, and visible light A set of beam splitting system 7 is shared with short-wave infrared;
The beam splitting system 7 includes first surface prism 11, the 4th reflecting mirror 12, the 5th reflecting mirror 13, the second curved surface Prism 14, the 6th reflecting mirror 15, in which:
5th reflecting mirror 13 is set as free form surface, the aperture diaphragm of described device is located at the 5th reflecting mirror 13 Position at;The aperture diaphragm influences the incidence angle of chief ray, directly affects the aberration of system;
By set free form surface, the 4th reflecting mirror 12, the 5th reflecting mirror 13 and the 6th reflecting mirror 15 are controlled Off-axis eccentricity and first surface prism 11, the second curved surface prism 14 transmission twice, reach visible light and short-wave infrared Dispersion requirement, realize wide spectrum dispersion.
Above scheme utilizes the non-rotationally-symmetric optical characteristics of free form surface, corrects the meridian and sagitta of arc aberration of spectroscopic system Asymmetry, the senior aberration of compensation system peripheral field improves traditional design bring Spectral line bend and band curvature, has Effect widens system spectrum range.
Further, the radius of curvature of the free form surface different location is obtained using iterative method, and then acquisition is described certainly By the initial configuration of curved surface, which can provide a good optimization starting point for the design of beam splitting system, can effectively contract The optimization process of short spectrum imaging system.
The solution schematic diagram of free form surface described in the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in figure 2 to obtain with reference to Fig. 2 using iterative method The process of the radius of curvature of the free form surface different location specifically:
Right-handed coordinate system is initially set up, Z axis is consistent with optical axis direction, origin of the vertex of spherical surface as coordinate system;A point is A bit given, in order to calculate free form surface, seeks numerical approximation solution using the method for Approach by inchmeal;
First find out the intersecting point coordinate B of light 1 and benchmark spherical surface 201, by B01As first approximation solution;
By B01The parallel lines for making optical axis obtain and the intersection points B of free form surface 31
By intersection points B1With the tangent plane 4 of free form surface 3 and the intersection points B of the light 1 '1As new approximate solution;
Above step is repeated until the precision met the requirements.
For example, total system is symmetrical about the face YOZ, therefore the odd times power of X is 0 in multinomial, and polynomial expression is such as Under:
Wherein, k is quadratic coefficients, and r is the radial coordinate as unit of lens, and c is curvature.In order to solve the friendship of meridian plane Point B1, the expression formula of free form surface is amended as follows:
By equation (1) respectively to x, y, z derivation
The intersection points B of meridian plane and emergent ray '1It is new approximate solution, B '1And B1Distance be l, B '1By using following formula It calculates:
x1=x01+ α l, y1=y01+ β l, z1=z01+γl (4)
α, beta, gamma are direction cosines, B '1It is the point on meridian plane, can be acquired by following formula:
Equation (5) are substituted into (4) again, B ' can be acquired1.By Matlab successive ignition, meridian and sagitta of arc distance be can get:
Function can be acquired to the first derivative and second dervative of x by above formula, so acquire arbitrary point meridian and the sagitta of arc away from From:
According to paraxial theory, rt,rsAfter solution, Δ xtsIt can acquire:
The spectral region of above-mentioned apparatus is 400-2500nm, and slit length 20mm, F number is 3, system overall length 310mm, spectrum Resolution ratio 4.2nm.
For specific example:
It in visual field is 0mm, 7mm, 15mm by trace wavelength 400nm, 550nm, 650nm, 800nm, 1000nm, at 20mm Image point position to obtain the spectrum distortion curve of viewability channel be as shown in Figures 3 and 4 example visible light of the present invention The Spectral line bend and band curvature schematic diagram in channel.The spectral line that can be seen that 400nm from the spectrum distortion figure of visible channel is curved Bent larger, with the increase of visual field, value also constantly increases, and maximum value is 3 μm, about 0.2 Pixel size.Its all band Spectral line bend is respectively less than 0.1 pixel.It can be seen that from band curvature figure, less than 0.2 pixel of band curvature of maximum field of view can Meet requirement.
By trace wavelength 1000nm, 1500nm, 1800nm, 2200nm, 2500nm visual field be 0mm, 7mm, 15mm, Image point position at 20mm is lifted by the present invention as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 to obtain the spectrum distortion curve in short-wave infrared channel The Spectral line bend and band curvature schematic diagram in example short-wave infrared channel.It can be seen that from the spectrum distortion figure in short-wave infrared channel, About 0.06 pixel at long wave 2500nm occurs for maximum Spectral line bend.The band curvature of all visual fields is all smaller, respectively less than 0.1 pixel.
It is worth noting that, the content being not described in detail in the embodiment of the present invention belongs to professional and technical personnel in the field's public affairs The prior art known.Such as the modification of camber reflection mirror surface type, optical element radius, thickness, airspace, used optics The changes such as material, visual field, modification of relative aperture etc., these changes and variation do not depart from essential scope of the invention.
In conclusion single camera reaches two phases of traditional sense using imaging device provided by the embodiment of the present invention The performance that machine is realized, system bulk and weight reduce 50% or more;Wide spectrum astigmatism is carried out by the design of free form surface simultaneously The big visual field of single camera, wide spectrum performance are realized in correction.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Within the technical scope of the present disclosure, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art, It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims Subject to enclosing.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device, which is characterized in that described device include front-end system, entrance slit, Beam splitting system and wide spectrum response detector, in which:
The front-end system includes the first reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and third reflecting mirror;Incident beam is successively through described first Enter the entrance slit after reflecting mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the reflection of third reflecting mirror;
The entrance slit is placed at an image planes, is incident on the light beam of the entrance slit after beam splitting system processing Into the wide spectrum response detector;
The response wave band range covering visible light and short infrared wave band of the wide spectrum response detector, and visible light and shortwave It is infrared to share a set of beam splitting system;
The beam splitting system includes first surface prism, the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th reflecting mirror, the second curved surface prism, the 6th reflection Mirror, in which:
5th reflecting mirror is set as free form surface, the aperture diaphragm of described device is located at the position of the 5th reflecting mirror 13 Place;
By set free form surface, the off-axis bias of the 4th reflecting mirror, the 5th reflecting mirror and the 6th reflecting mirror is controlled The transmission twice of amount and first surface prism, the second curved surface prism, reaches the dispersion requirement of visible light and short-wave infrared, real Wide spectrum dispersion is showed.
2. wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is directed to the free form surface, The radius of curvature of the free form surface different location is obtained using iterative method, and then obtains the initial configuration of the free form surface.
3. wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to be obtained using iterative method The process of the radius of curvature of the free form surface different location specifically:
Right-handed coordinate system is initially set up, Z axis is consistent with optical axis direction, origin of the vertex of spherical surface as coordinate system;
First find out the intersecting point coordinate B of light and benchmark spherical surface01, by B01As first approximation solution;
By B01The parallel lines for making optical axis obtain and the intersection points B of free form surface1
By intersection points B1With the tangent plane of free form surface and the intersection points B of the light '1As new approximate solution;
Above step is repeated until the precision met the requirements.
4. wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The spectral region of described device is 400-2500nm, and slit length 20mm, F number is 3, system overall length 310mm, spectrally resolved Rate 4.2nm.
CN201910528438.XA 2019-06-18 2019-06-18 A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device Pending CN110196101A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190903