CN109781257A - A kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system - Google Patents
A kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109781257A CN109781257A CN201811614315.XA CN201811614315A CN109781257A CN 109781257 A CN109781257 A CN 109781257A CN 201811614315 A CN201811614315 A CN 201811614315A CN 109781257 A CN109781257 A CN 109781257A
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Abstract
A kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system, including slit, the first free curved surface prism, the second free curved surface prism, third free curved surface prism and image planes；The first surface and second surface of second free curved surface prism include first area, second area and third region；Slit is opposite with the first area interval of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism；The first surface of first free curved surface prism is opposite with the first area of the second surface of the second free curved surface prism and second area interval, and the second surface of the first free curved surface prism is capable of reflecting light line；The second area of the first surface of second free curved surface prism is capable of reflecting light line；The second area and third of the first surface of third free curved surface prism and the second surface of the second curved surface prism are interregional every opposite, and the second surface of third free curved surface prism is capable of reflecting light line；Image planes and the third of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism are interregional every opposite.It reduces optical element and increases dispersive power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectrometer technical fields, more particularly to a kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system.
Background technique
Imaging spectral technology is born in the U.S. jet propulsion laboratory (JPL) of the 1980s, using the skill
Art production imaging spectrometer can obtain the spatial information and spectral information of target simultaneously, thus this technology military, agricultural,
The fields such as biology, chemistry and food safety are widely used, and spectrometer can substantially be divided into color dispersion-type and on-dispersive type at present,
The dispersion mode of prism and grating in middle color dispersion-type uses relatively broad.In recent years, due to free curved surface prism processing technology
Promotion, free curved surface prism is widely used in spectrometer system.It can be to avoid grating using free curved surface prism
Low diffraction efficiency, low luminous flux, high polarization sensitivity, multiple order spectrum, Advanced Diffraction veiling glare, ghost image the disadvantages of.Free form surface
Prism is non-rotational symmetric prism, and common optical axis is not present in former and later two surfaces, therefore for free curved surface prism spectrometer
Detection and adjustment be a more difficult link, should avoid using more free curved surface prism in the design, but set
Often it will use more free curved surface prism in meter for higher spectral resolution or lower dispersion non-linearity.
As Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is existing, there are two types of the optical systems of the curved surface prism spectrometer of typical Offner structure: such as Fig. 1 institute
Show that curved surface prism is placed in two-arm by the first, between primary mirror and secondary mirror, light passes twice through prism, has occurred twice
Dispersion, then on the basis of identical design objective, the maximum dispersive power due to having played single prism reduces prism
Quantity.For the first structure of Fig. 1, there are three reflecting mirrors, two pieces of curved surface prisms five including Offner structure in system
A optical element, two pieces of curved surface prisms realize the dispersion of light, and three reflecting mirrors realize that the turnover of optical path is during adjustment
None confirmable optical axis unite as benchmark, so needing fine measurement, process is complicated and cumbersome.Two pieces of curved surface ribs
Mirror undertakes the dispersion of system, once design goes for bigger dispersion surface, then needs to add more curved surface prisms.Such as Fig. 2,
Second, curved surface prism is added in secondary mirror, light light after primary mirror reflects first passes through before secondary mirror before reaching secondary mirror
Free curved surface prism realizes the dispersion of light, its convex surface using one piece of free curved surface prism of addition and is plated high reflectance light by system
Learning film makes it as Offner structure secondary mirror, then light leads to again in the coated convex completion optical path turnover of free curved surface prism
It crosses free curved surface prism and realizes dispersion again, passing through subsequent prism.For second of structure of Fig. 2, system substantially with
Based on the first scheme, on secondary mirror position by convex reflecting mirror be converted to curved surface prism behind surface plate reflectance coating reality
Existing internal reflection, when not increasing the volume of system, all Offner structures, which are efficiently utilized, may be implemented the position of dispersion
It sets.Once but this design designer close with the first scheme goes for bigger dispersion surface and will inevitably increase
The quantity for adding curved surface prism, increase and the adjustment for causing equipment instrument are difficult.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose to utilize the spy of Offner structure using on the basis of minimal number of optical element
Point realizes a kind of design scheme that can obtain maximum dispersion surface.
A kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system, including slit, the first free curved surface prism, the second free form surface
Prism, third free curved surface prism and image planes；The slit and the image planes are located at the first of second free curved surface prism
The side on surface；Second free curved surface prism and third free curved surface prism are located at the of second free curved surface prism
The side on two surfaces；The first surface and second surface of second free curved surface prism include first area, second area and
Third region；The second area is located at middle part, and the first area and third region are located at the both ends of the second area；Institute
It is opposite with the first area interval of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism to state slit；The of first free curved surface prism
One surface is opposite with the first area of the second surface of second free curved surface prism and second area interval, and described first certainly
It is opposite with the first surface of the first surface prism by the second surface of curved surface prism and be capable of reflecting light line；Described second certainly
Line is capable of reflecting light by the second area of the first surface of curved surface prism；The first surface of the third free curved surface prism and institute
Second area and the third for stating the second surface of the second curved surface prism are interregional every opposite, and the of the third free curved surface prism
Two surfaces are opposite with the first surface of the third curved surface prism and are capable of reflecting light line；The image planes and the second free song
The third of the first surface of face prism is interregional every opposite.In this way, sequentially passing through the second free prism from the light that slit is emitted
First surface and second surface first area after from the first surface of first free curved surface prism reach first freely
The second surface of curved surface；By the first table for passing through the first free curved surface prism after the second surface reflection of the first free curved surface prism
Face, the second free curved surface prism second surface second area reach the second free curved surface prism first surface the secondth area
Domain；By the second surface for passing through the second free curved surface prism after the second area reflection of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism
Second area, third free curved surface prism first surface reach third free curved surface prism second surface；Certainly by third
By pass through the first surface of third free curved surface prism, the second free curved surface prism after the second surface reflection of curved surface prism the
Image planes are reached behind the third region on one surface and the third region of second surface.Side of the present invention only with three pieces of curved surface prisms
The dispersion that 8 light is realized under case, the dispersive power of system is greatly increased in the case where reducing optical element, simplifies and is
Bulk cargo tune.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of existing structural schematic diagram of the optical system of the curved surface prism spectrometer of Offner structure of Fig. 1.
The structural representation of the optical system of the curved surface prism spectrometer of the existing another kind Offner structure of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is that the lateral light of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system shown in Fig. 3 fans figure.
Fig. 5 is passing in a length of 0.45 μm of the light of incident light wave for free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system shown in Fig. 3
Delivery function value.
Fig. 6 is passing in a length of 0.85 μm of the light of incident light wave for free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system shown in Fig. 3
Delivery function value.
Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional optical path simulation drawing of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system shown in Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill personage are obtained every other without making creative work
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please referring to Fig. 3 is a kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system 100 provided of the invention, including slit
10, the first free curved surface prism 20, the second free curved surface prism 30, third free curved surface prism 40 and image planes 50；The slit
10 and the image planes 50 be located at second free curved surface prism 30 first surfaces side；First free curved surface prism
20 and third free curved surface prism 40 be located at second free curved surface prism 30 second surface side；Described second freely
The first surface and second surface of curved surface prism 30 include first area, second area and third region；The second area position
In middle part, the first area and third region are located at the both ends of the second area；The slit 10 and the second free form surface
The first area interval of the first surface of prism 30 is opposite；The first surface of first free curved surface prism 20 and described second
The first area and second area interval of the second surface of free curved surface prism 30 are opposite, first free curved surface prism 20
Second surface is opposite with the first surface of the first surface prism 20 and is capable of reflecting light line；Second free curved surface prism
The second area of 30 first surface is capable of reflecting light line；The first surface of the third free curved surface prism 40 and described second
The second area and third of the second surface of free curved surface prism are interregional every opposite, and the of the third free curved surface prism 40
Two surfaces are opposite with the first surface of the third free curved surface prism and are capable of reflecting light line；The image planes 50 and described second
The third of the first surface of free curved surface prism 30 is interregional every opposite；The light being emitted from slit 10 sequentially passes through second freely
From the first surface of first free curved surface prism 20 after the first surface of curved surface prism 30 and the first area of second surface
Reach the second surface of the first free curved surface prism 20；By passing through first after the second surface reflection of the first free curved surface prism 20
The first surface of free curved surface prism 20, the second free curved surface prism 30 the second area of second surface to reach second freely bent
The second area of the first surface of face prism 30；It is worn after second area reflection by the first surface of the second free curved surface prism 30
The first surface of the second area, third free curved surface prism 40 of crossing the second surface of the second free curved surface prism 30 reaches third
The second surface of free curved surface prism 40；By passing through third free form surface after the second surface reflection of third free curved surface prism 40
The first surface of prism 40, the second free curved surface prism 30 the third region of second surface and the third region of first surface after
Reach image planes.
In the present embodiment, the second surface of first free curved surface prism 20, the third free curved surface prism
The second area of the first surface of 40 second surface and the second free curved surface prism 30 is coated with reflectance coating.In other embodiments
In, the second surface of first free curved surface prism 20, the second surface of the third free curved surface prism 40 and second are certainly
Being sticked by the second area of the first surface of curved surface prism has reflectance coating.The present invention can be realized only with three pieces of curved surface prisms
The dispersion of 8 light greatly increases the dispersive power of system in the case where reducing optical element, simplifies system adjustment.
Further, in order to reduce reflection, that is, increase the light for entering the second free curved surface prism 30；Described second certainly
By the first surface of curved surface prism 30 and the first area of second surface and third region and the second free curved surface prism 30
The second area of second surface is coated with anti-reflection film.
Further, in order to reduce reflection, that is, increase and enter the first free curved surface prism 20 and third free form surface rib
The light of mirror 40, the first surface plating of the first surface and third free curved surface prism 40 of first free curved surface prism 20
There is anti-reflection film.
In present embodiment, the image planes 50 are provided with image-forming component, and the image-forming component can sense for CMOS or CCD
Device.
In present embodiment, the first surface of first free curved surface prism 20 is concave spherical surface, second surface is convex ball
The first surface of face and the first free curved surface prism 20, second surface optical axis be not overlapped.To realize the first free curved surface prism
The refraction requirement of 20 pairs of light.
In present embodiment, the first surface of second free curved surface prism 30 is concave spherical surface, second surface is convex ball
The first surface of face and the second free curved surface prism 30, second surface optical axis be not overlapped.To realize the second free curved surface prism
The refraction requirement of 30 pairs of light.
In present embodiment, the first surface of the third free curved surface prism 40 is concave spherical surface, second surface is convex ball
The first surface of face and the second free curved surface prism 40, second surface optical axis be not overlapped.To realize third free curved surface prism
The refraction requirement of 40 pairs of light.
In the present embodiment, the slit 10 and the image planes 50 are along the width for being parallel to the second free curved surface prism 30
The width of direction setting and the second free curved surface prism 30 is greater than the first free curved surface prism 20 and third free curved surface prism 40
The sum of width.In this way, can make compact-sized and meet optical path requirements.
Such as following table, a kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system provided by the invention 100 is shown at one for Fig. 1
Parameter value in specific application example:
Wherein, " face " in table refers to the face that light successively passes through, and specific " face 0 " refers to slit, and " face 1 " refers to that second is free
The first area of the first surface of curved surface prism 30；" face 2 " refers to the first area of the second surface of the second free curved surface prism 30；
" face 3 and face 6 " refers to the first surface of the first free curved surface prism 30；" face 4 and face 5 " refers to the second of the first free curved surface prism 20
The reflectance coating of surface and the second surface；" face 7 and face 10 " refers to the second area of the second surface of the second free curved surface prism 30；
" face 8 and face 9 " refers to the anti-of the second area of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism 30 and the second area of the first surface
Penetrate film；" face 11 and face 14 " refers to the first surface of third free curved surface prism 40；" face 12 and face 13 " refers to third free form surface rib
The second surface of mirror 40 and the reflectance coating of the second surface；" face 15 " refers to the third of the second surface of the second free curved surface prism 30
Region；" face 16 " refers to the third region of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism 30；" face 17 " refers to image planes 10." F2 " is flint
Glass, " SILICA " are crown glass, and " MIRROR " is reflectance coating.
As shown in figure 4, being transverse direction of the free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system shown in Fig. 3 in specific application example
Light fan figure, as shown in Figure 4, free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system of the present invention has preferable image quality.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6
A length of 0.45 μm of incident light wave of the free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system respectively shown in Fig. 3 in specific application example
And 0.85 μm of optical transfer system value (OTF), as seen from the figure, OTF is close to diffraction limit.Fig. 7 is free form surface rib shown in Fig. 3
The three-dimensional optical path simulation drawing of mirror spectrometer optical system, as shown in Figure 7, the present invention can be realized only with three pieces of curved surface prisms
The dispersion of 8 light greatly increases the dispersive power of system in the case where reducing optical element.
One or more of embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, description are more specific and detailed
Carefully, but it cannot be understood as the limitations to patent of invention range.It should be pointed out that for the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention
Protection scope.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system, which is characterized in that including slit, the first free curved surface prism,
Two free curved surface prisms, third free curved surface prism and image planes；The slit and the image planes are located at second free form surface
The side of the first surface of prism；It is freely bent that second free curved surface prism and third free curved surface prism are located at described second
The side of the second surface of face prism；The first surface and second surface of second free curved surface prism include first area,
Second area and third region；The second area is located at middle part, and the first area and third region are located at secondth area
The both ends in domain；The slit is opposite with the first area interval of the first surface of the second free curved surface prism；Described first freely
First area and second area interval phase of the first surface of curved surface prism with the second surface of second free curved surface prism
Right, the second surface of first free curved surface prism is opposite with the first surface of the first surface prism and is capable of reflecting light
Line；The second area of the first surface of second free curved surface prism is capable of reflecting light line；The third free curved surface prism
First surface and the second surface of second curved surface prism second area and third it is interregional every opposite, the third from
It is opposite with the first surface of the third curved surface prism by the second surface of curved surface prism and be capable of reflecting light line；The image planes with
The third of the first surface of second free curved surface prism is interregional every opposite.
2. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first is freely bent
The first surface of the second surface of face prism, the second surface of the third free curved surface prism and the second free curved surface prism
Second area is coated with reflectance coating.
3. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first is freely bent
The first surface of the second surface of face prism, the second surface of the third free curved surface prism and the second free curved surface prism
Second area, which is sticked, reflectance coating.
4. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described second is freely bent
The second surface of the first surface of face prism and the first area of second surface and third region and the second free curved surface prism
Second area be coated with anti-reflection film.
5. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described first is freely bent
The first surface of face prism and the first surface of third free curved surface prism are coated with anti-reflection film.
6. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the imaging surface setting
There is image-forming component.
7. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described first is freely bent
The first surface of face prism is concave spherical surface, second surface is the first surface of convex spherical and the first free curved surface prism, the second table
The optical axis in face is not overlapped.
8. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described second is freely bent
The first surface of face prism is concave spherical surface, second surface is the first surface of convex spherical and the second free curved surface prism, the second table
The optical axis in face is not overlapped.
9. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the third is freely bent
The first surface of face prism is concave spherical surface, second surface is the first surface of convex spherical and the second free curved surface prism, the second table
The optical axis in face is not overlapped.
10. free curved surface prism spectrometer optical system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the slit and institute
The width that image planes are stated along the width direction setting and the second free curved surface prism that are parallel to the second free curved surface prism is greater than first
The sum of free curved surface prism and the width of third free curved surface prism.
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| CN110146166A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-20 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of free curved surface prism spectrum system |
| CN110196101A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-03 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device |
| CN111854953A (en) * | 2020-06-27 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Integrated micro spectrometer optical system based on free-form surface prism |
| CN112363316A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-02-12 | 之江实验室 | Design method for shaping light beam of spherical air chamber pumping laser system |
| CN114280764A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 苏州大学 | Large-view-field spectral imaging method and system based on free-form surface prism |
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| CN108489611A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | More slotted prism dispersive spectrometer systems |
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| CN110196101A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-09-03 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of wide spectrum monochromatic light road optical spectrum imaging device |
| CN111854953A (en) * | 2020-06-27 | 2020-10-30 | 同济大学 | Integrated micro spectrometer optical system based on free-form surface prism |
| CN112363316A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-02-12 | 之江实验室 | Design method for shaping light beam of spherical air chamber pumping laser system |
| CN112363316B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2022-05-27 | 之江实验室 | Design method for shaping light beam of spherical air chamber pumping laser system |
| CN114280764A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 苏州大学 | Large-view-field spectral imaging method and system based on free-form surface prism |
| CN114280764B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-12-08 | 苏州大学 | Free-form surface prism-based large-view-field spectroscopic imaging method and system |
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