CN110195650B

CN110195650B - Two-stroke engine

Info

Publication number: CN110195650B
Application number: CN201910606094.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈红旭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-07-05
Filing date: 2019-07-05
Publication date: 2024-03-29
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-05
Also published as: CN110195650A

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stroke engine, which relates to the technical field of engines and comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, an intake valve I device, an intake valve II device and an exhaust valve device; the cylinder cover is arranged on the cylinder body, a compression chamber and an acting chamber are arranged in the cylinder body, the acting chamber is higher than the compression chamber, a compression cylinder piston is arranged in the compression chamber, and an acting cylinder piston is arranged in the acting chamber; an air inlet channel communicated with the compression chamber is formed in the cylinder cover, and an air inlet valve device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe; the cylinder cover is also provided with an intermediate air inlet channel which enables the compression chamber to be communicated with the acting chamber, and the two intake valve devices are used for controlling the opening and closing of the intermediate air inlet channel; an exhaust passage communicated with the working chamber is further formed in the cylinder cover, and the exhaust valve device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust passage; and the cylinder cover is also provided with a spark plug. The invention not only has the advantage of quick acting of the common original two-stroke engine, but also has the advantage of high efficiency of the original four-stroke engine.

Description

Two-stroke engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a two-stroke engine.

Background

Currently, conventional automobile engines are mainly four-stroke engines, while motorcycles and many small-sized mechanical engines are two-stroke engines. At present, although the four-stroke engine has higher efficiency, the four-stroke engine has slow acting and large volume and is not suitable for small-sized machines such as motorcycles and the like; the existing two-stroke engine has small volume and fast acting, but has low efficiency. Therefore, a two-stroke engine with small volume, fast acting and high efficiency is urgently needed to solve the existing problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a two-stroke engine with small volume, fast acting and high efficiency.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is as follows: a two-stroke engine comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, an intake valve I device, an intake valve II device and an exhaust valve device; the cylinder cover is arranged on the cylinder body, a compression chamber and an acting chamber are arranged in the cylinder body, the acting chamber is higher than the compression chamber, a compression cylinder piston is arranged in the compression chamber, and an acting cylinder piston is arranged in the acting chamber; an air inlet channel communicated with the compression chamber is formed in the cylinder cover, and an air inlet valve device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe; the cylinder cover is also provided with an intermediate air inlet channel which enables the compression chamber to be communicated with the acting chamber, and the two intake valve devices are used for controlling the opening and closing of the intermediate air inlet channel; an exhaust passage communicated with the working chamber is further formed in the cylinder cover, and the exhaust valve device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust passage; and the cylinder cover is also provided with a spark plug, and the ignition end of the spark plug is positioned at the top of the working chamber.

Further, the acting chamber comprises a groove formed in the cylinder cover and a piston chamber formed in the cylinder body, and the groove and the piston chamber are oppositely communicated; the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel and the inlet end of the air outlet channel are both positioned in the groove.

Furthermore, a top cover is also arranged at the top of the cylinder cover, and the first air inlet valve device, the second air inlet valve device and the exhaust valve device are all arranged on the top cover; the air inlet channel, the middle air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are all bent, the lower end of the air inlet valve device penetrates through the cylinder cover and extends into the outlet end of the air inlet channel, the lower end of the air inlet valve device penetrates through the cylinder cover and extends into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel, and the lower end of the air outlet valve device penetrates through the cylinder cover and extends into the inlet end of the air outlet channel.

Further, a first mounting groove is formed in the lower surface of the top cover, and an air inlet valve device is arranged in the first mounting groove; the first device of the air inlet valve comprises an air inlet blocking sleeve, an air inlet valve shaft fixed with the air inlet blocking sleeve and an air inlet sealing head fixed at the lower end of the air inlet valve shaft; the air inlet baffle sleeve is slidably mounted in the first mounting groove, the air inlet valve shaft is further provided with an air inlet valve spring, the upper end of the air inlet valve spring is abutted against the air inlet baffle sleeve, and the lower end of the air inlet valve spring is abutted against the upper surface of the cylinder cover.

Furthermore, the air inlet end enclosure is conical, and the outlet end of the air inlet channel is trumpet-shaped matched with the air inlet end enclosure.

Further, a second mounting groove is formed in the lower surface of the top cover, and the second mounting groove is communicated with the middle air inlet channel; the second air inlet valve device comprises an air inlet valve second shaft and a valve sleeve fixedly arranged in the second mounting groove, the lower end of the valve sleeve extends into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel, and an air inlet opening corresponding to the middle air inlet channel is further formed in the valve sleeve; the valve sleeve is also provided with an inlet valve second sliding hole, and the upper end of the inlet valve second shaft is inserted into the inlet valve second sliding hole; an upper spring is further arranged in the second sliding hole of the air inlet valve, and the upper end of the second shaft of the air inlet valve is fixed with the upper spring; the lower end of the two shafts of the air inlet valve is also provided with a first valve sealing head for sealing the valve sleeve.

Further, the first valve seal head is conical, and the lower end of the valve sleeve is in a horn shape matched with the first valve seal head.

Furthermore, a limiting ring is also arranged in the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel; the second shaft of the air inlet valve is also provided with an air inlet valve three-slide hole, an end shaft is inserted into the air inlet valve three-slide hole, and the lower end of the end shaft extends into the compression chamber; a lower spring is further arranged in the three sliding holes of the air inlet valve, and the upper end of the end shaft is abutted against the lower spring; the middle part of the end shaft is also fixedly provided with a second valve seal head, and the second valve seal head is matched with the upper end face of the limiting ring.

Further, the second valve seal head is in an inverted conical shape, and a chamfer matched with the second valve seal head is formed on the upper end face of the limiting ring.

Further, a third mounting groove is formed in the lower surface of the top cover, and the exhaust valve device is mounted in the third mounting groove; the exhaust valve device comprises an exhaust blocking sleeve, an exhaust valve shaft and an exhaust sealing head; the exhaust blocking sleeve is slidably arranged in the third mounting groove, an exhaust valve spring is arranged in the third mounting groove, and the upper end of the exhaust blocking sleeve is abutted against the lower end of the exhaust valve spring; the upper end of the exhaust valve shaft is fixed with the exhaust baffle sleeve, the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft penetrates through the cylinder cover to extend into the inlet end of the exhaust passage, and the exhaust seal head is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft; the exhaust valve shaft is internally provided with a push rod sliding hole, a push rod is inserted into the push rod sliding hole, the exhaust valve shaft is internally provided with a push rod spring, and the upper end of the push rod is abutted against the push rod spring.

Further, a pin shaft extending along the radial direction is further arranged in the push rod sliding hole, and two ends of the pin shaft penetrate through the exhaust valve shaft and are fixed with the exhaust blocking sleeve; the push rod is also provided with a pin shaft hole matched with the pin shaft, and the pin shaft hole is a long waist hole.

Further, the exhaust seal head is conical, and the inlet end of the exhaust passage is in a horn shape matched with the exhaust seal head.

Further, a valve seat is also arranged on the cylinder cover and is communicated with the acting chamber; the lower end of the cylinder body is also provided with a shell, an output crankshaft is arranged in the shell, and the output crankshaft is in transmission connection with the compression cylinder piston and the acting cylinder piston through rocker arms; the cylinder body is characterized in that an exhaust pipe is further arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body, the outlet end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the exhaust pipe, a pressure relief hole is further formed in the cylinder body, the outlet end of the pressure relief hole is communicated with the exhaust pipe, and the inlet end of the pressure relief hole is communicated with the lower end of the acting chamber.

The invention has the advantages that,

the invention separates the air suction, air compression, acting and exhaust of the original two-stroke engine and synchronously carries out the two-stroke engine and the air compression, the acting and the exhaust, so that the invention not only has the advantage of quick acting of the ordinary original two-stroke engine, but also has the advantage of high efficiency of the original four-stroke engine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a two-stroke engine provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a two-stroke engine provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an intake valve assembly of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the intake valve two device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the valve cover of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the two intake valve shafts of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the end shaft of FIG. 4;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the exhaust valve apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the exhaust valve shaft of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the pushrod of FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a first stroke diagram of a two-stroke engine provided by the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a second stroke diagram of the two-stroke engine provided by the present invention;

fig. 13 is a third stroke diagram of the two-stroke engine provided by the present invention.

The reference numerals and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1. cylinder block, 2, cylinder cap, 3, intake valve one device, 4, intake valve two device, 5, exhaust valve device, 6, compression chamber, 7, working chamber, 8, compression cylinder piston, 9, working cylinder piston, 10, intake duct, 11, middle intake duct, 12, exhaust duct, 13, first mounting groove, 14, second mounting groove, 15, spacing ring, 16, third mounting groove, 17, valve seat, 18, outer shell, 19, output crankshaft, 20, exhaust duct, 21, pressure relief hole, 22, top cover, 23, spark plug;

30. An air inlet baffle sleeve 31, an air inlet valve shaft 32, an air inlet seal head 33 and an air inlet valve spring;

40. the valve comprises an intake valve two-shaft, 41, a valve sleeve, 42, an intake opening, 43, an intake valve two-slide hole, 44, an upper spring, 45, a first valve seal head, 46, an intake valve three-slide hole, 47, an end shaft, 48, a lower spring, 49 and a second valve seal head;

50. the exhaust stop sleeve 51, the exhaust valve shaft 52, the exhaust seal head 53, the exhaust valve spring 54, the push rod sliding hole 55, the push rod 56, the push rod spring 57, the pin shaft 58 and the pin shaft hole;

70. recess, 71, piston chamber.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in further detail by way of specific examples of embodiments in connection with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the two-stroke engine provided by the invention comprises a cylinder body 1, a cylinder cover 2, an intake valve device 3, an intake valve device 4 and an exhaust valve device 5; the cylinder cover 2 is arranged on the cylinder body 1 in a covering manner, a compression chamber 6 and an acting chamber 7 are arranged in the cylinder body 1, the acting chamber 7 is higher than the compression chamber 6, a compression cylinder piston 8 is arranged in the compression chamber 6, and an acting cylinder piston 9 is arranged in the acting chamber 7; an air inlet channel 10 communicated with the compression chamber 6 is formed in the cylinder cover 2, and an air inlet valve-device 3 is used for controlling the opening and closing of an air inlet pipe; the cylinder cover 2 is also provided with a middle air inlet channel 11 which enables the compression chamber 6 to be communicated with the working chamber 7, and the two intake valves 4 are used for controlling the opening and closing of the middle air inlet channel 11; the cylinder cover 2 is also provided with an exhaust passage 12 communicated with the working chamber 7, and the exhaust valve device 5 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust passage 12; the cylinder cover 2 is also provided with a spark plug 23, and the ignition end of the spark plug 23 is positioned at the top of the working chamber 7.

The cylinder cover 2 is fixedly covered on the cylinder body 1 through a screw; the compression chamber 6 and the working chamber 7 are vertically arranged in the cylinder body 1, the compression chamber 6 and the working chamber 7 are arranged in parallel, the compression cylinder piston 8 can move up and down in the compression chamber 6, the working cylinder piston 9 can move up and down in the working chamber 7, the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 synchronously move, the compression cylinder piston 8 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the compression chamber 6, and the working cylinder piston 9 is in sliding seal fit with the inner wall of the compression chamber 6; the depth of the working chamber 7 is larger than that of the compression chamber 6, when the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 synchronously move, the compression cylinder piston 8 is positioned at the top of the compression chamber 6 when the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 move to the highest position, and a distance is reserved between the working cylinder piston 9 and the top of the working chamber 7, so that when the working cylinder piston 9 moves to the top of the compression chamber 6, compressed air in the compression chamber 6 enters the working chamber 7 through an intermediate air inlet pipe.

The air inlet 10 is in an 'L' -shape, the outlet end of the air inlet 10 is positioned at the top of the compression chamber 6, the air inlet chamber is used for introducing air into the compression chamber 6, the air inlet valve device 3 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet 10, when the compression cylinder piston 8 moves towards the lower end of the compression chamber 6, the compression chamber 6 is in an air suction state, at the moment, the air inlet valve device 3 is used for opening the air inlet 10, air enters the compression chamber 6 through the air inlet 10, when the compression cylinder piston 8 moves towards the upper end of the compression chamber 6, the air sucked into the compression chamber 6 is compressed, and the air inlet valve device 3 is used for closing the air inlet 10, so that the air entering the compression chamber 6 cannot be discharged from the air inlet 10.

The middle air inlet channel 11 is in a shape of a II, the middle air inlet channel 11 is used for enabling the compression chamber 6 to be communicated with the working chamber 7, the inlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 is particularly positioned at the top of the compression chamber 6, the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 is positioned at the top of the working chamber 7, when the compression cylinder piston 8 moves towards the upper end of the compression chamber 6, the air inlet valve two devices 4 open the middle air inlet channel 11, at the moment, air in the compression chamber 6 is fed into the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11 while being compressed, and as the working cylinder piston 9 and the compression cylinder piston 8 synchronously move, compressed air in the compression chamber 6 enters into the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11; when the spark plug 23 ignites to explode the air in the working chamber 7, the high pressure generated in the working chamber 7 pushes the working cylinder piston 9 to move downwards, the compression cylinder piston 8 synchronously moves downwards when the working cylinder piston 9 moves downwards, at the moment, the middle air inlet channel 11 is closed, the air inlet channel 10 is opened, the air suction state in the compression chamber 6 is caused, and the high pressure gas generated by explosion in the working chamber 7 cannot enter the compression chamber 6 through the middle air inlet channel 11.

The exhaust passage 12 is in a L shape, the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12 is positioned at the top of the working chamber 7, the exhaust valve device 5 controls the opening and closing of the exhaust passage 12, and when the compression cylinder piston 8 moves towards the upper end of the compression chamber 6, the exhaust valve device 5 closes the exhaust passage 12 to prevent compressed air entering the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet passage 11 from being directly discharged from the exhaust passage 12; when the spark plug 23 ignites to explode the air in the working chamber 7, the high pressure generated in the working chamber 7 pushes the working cylinder piston 9 to move downwards, and at the moment, the exhaust valve device 5 opens the exhaust passage 12, so that the exhaust gas generated after the combustion in the working chamber 7 is discharged from the exhaust passage 12.

The working chamber 7 comprises a groove 70 formed on the cylinder cover 2 and a piston chamber 71 formed on the cylinder body 1, and the groove 70 and the piston chamber 71 are oppositely communicated and arranged; the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 and the inlet end of the air outlet channel 12 are both positioned in the groove 70; the height of the piston chamber 71 is equal to the height of the compression chamber 6, the groove 70 is smaller than the opening at the upper end of the piston chamber 71, the edge of the groove 70 is positioned in the edge at the upper end of the piston chamber 71, the groove 70 is arranged, so that the height of the working chamber 7 is higher, when the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 move to the highest position, the compression cylinder piston 8 is abutted against the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2, at the moment, the compressed air in the compression chamber 6 is fully sent into the working chamber 7, and the working cylinder piston 9 is abutted against the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2, but due to the groove 70 structure on the cylinder cover 2, the compressed air in the compression chamber 6 directly enters the top of the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11, and the compressed air positioned at the top of the working chamber 7 can be quickly ignited and explodes when the spark plug 23 ignites.

A top cover 22 is also arranged at the top of the cylinder cover 2, and the first air inlet valve device 3, the second air inlet valve device 4 and the exhaust valve device 5 are all arranged on the top cover 22; the air inlet channel 10, the middle air inlet channel 11 and the air outlet channel 12 are all bent, the lower end of the air inlet valve device 3 penetrates through the cylinder cover 2 to extend into the outlet end of the air inlet channel 10, the lower end of the air inlet valve device 4 penetrates through the cylinder cover 2 to extend into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, and the lower end of the air outlet valve device 5 penetrates through the cylinder cover 2 to extend into the inlet end of the air outlet channel 12.

The top cover 22 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder cover 2 through a screw fixing cover, the first air inlet valve device 3, the second air inlet valve device 4 and the exhaust valve device 5 are fixedly arranged on the cylinder cover 2, and the lower end of the first air inlet valve device 3 penetrates through the top surface of the cylinder cover 2 and extends downwards into the air inlet channel 10, so that the opening and closing of the air inlet channel 10 are controlled; the lower end of the intake valve two devices 4 penetrates through the top surface of the cylinder cover 2 and extends downwards into the middle air inlet channel 11, so that the opening and closing of the middle air inlet channel 11 are controlled; the lower end of the exhaust valve device 5 extends downwards into the exhaust passage 12 through the top surface of the cylinder cover 2, so that the opening and closing of the exhaust passage 12 are controlled; the device is convenient for installing the first air inlet valve device 3, the second air inlet valve device 4 and the exhaust valve device 5, and prevents the first air inlet valve device 3, the second air inlet valve device 4 and the exhaust valve device 5 from inclining after being installed, so that the opening and closing precision of the air inlet channel 10, the middle air inlet channel 11 and the exhaust channel 12 is higher, and the tightness of the air inlet channel 10, the middle air inlet channel 11 and the exhaust channel 12 is better.

As shown in fig. 3, a first mounting groove 13 is formed on the lower surface of the top cover 22, and the air inlet valve-device 3 is mounted in the first mounting groove 13; the intake valve-device 3 comprises an intake stop sleeve 30, an intake valve shaft 31 fixed with the intake stop sleeve 30, and an intake seal head 32 fixed at the lower end of the intake valve shaft 31; the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 is slidably mounted in the first mounting groove 13, the air inlet valve shaft 31 is further provided with an air inlet valve spring 33, the upper end of the air inlet valve spring 33 is abutted against the air inlet baffle sleeve 30, and the lower end of the air inlet valve spring 33 is abutted against the upper surface of the cylinder cover 2.

The first mounting groove 13 is cylindrical, the air inlet blocking sleeve 30 is disc-shaped, the diameter of the air inlet blocking sleeve 30 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the first mounting groove 13, so that the air inlet blocking sleeve 30 can fully move up and down in the first mounting groove 13, and the first mounting groove 13 can guide the movement of the air inlet blocking sleeve 30 in the up and down movement process of the air inlet blocking sleeve 30, and the air inlet blocking sleeve 30 is effectively prevented from inclining in the movement process; the upper end of the air inlet valve shaft 31 is inserted into the air inlet baffle sleeve 30, the central axis of the air inlet valve shaft 31 and the central axis of the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 are on the same straight line, specifically, the upper end of the air inlet valve shaft 31 and the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 are fixed by pins, and the lower end of the air inlet valve shaft 31 vertically penetrates through the top surface of the cylinder cover 2 and extends into the air inlet channel 10. The air inlet seal head 32 and the air inlet door shaft 31 are integrally formed, the air inlet seal head 32 is located below the outlet of the air inlet channel 10, the air inlet seal head 32 is matched with the outlet end of the air inlet channel 10, and the air inlet channel 10 is opened and closed through movement of the air inlet seal head 32. The intake valve spring 33 is sleeved on the intake valve shaft 31, the upper end of the intake valve shaft 31 spring is abutted against the lower end face of the intake stop sleeve 30, and the lower end of the intake valve shaft 31 is abutted against the upper surface of the cylinder cover 2.

When compressed air is required to be pumped into the compression chamber 6, the compression cylinder piston 8 moves downwards in the compression chamber 6, the compression chamber 6 is in a negative pressure state at the moment, as the compression cylinder piston 8 moves downwards, the negative pressure in the compression chamber 6 pumps the air inlet seal head 32 into the compression chamber 6, the air inlet seal head 32 moves downwards to drive the air inlet valve shaft 31 to move, so that the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 moves downwards along with the air inlet valve shaft 31 synchronously, the air inlet valve spring 33 is compressed, at the moment, the air inlet seal head 32 loses the blocking of the air inlet passage 10, the air inlet passage 10 is opened, and air is pumped into the compression chamber 6 through the air inlet passage 10; when the compression cylinder piston 8 moves to the lower end of the compression chamber 6, air fills the compression chamber 6, at the moment, the pressure in the compression chamber 6 is balanced with the pressure of external air, the air inlet seal head 32 is sucked downwards, the air inlet spring 33 pushes the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 to move towards the upper end of the first mounting groove 13 through the self elastic force, and when the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 moves upwards, the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 drives the air inlet valve shaft 31 to move upwards, so that the air inlet seal head 32 fixed at the lower end of the air inlet valve shaft 31 synchronously moves upwards, the air inlet seal head 32 automatically seals the outlet end of the air inlet channel 10, and the air inlet channel 10 is automatically closed. The opening and closing control of the air inlet 10 is more convenient, and the air inlet 10 can be realized without any driving element in the opening and closing process of the air inlet 10, so that the cost of the engine is greatly reduced.

The air inlet seal head 32 is conical, and the outlet end of the air inlet channel 10 is in a horn shape matched with the air inlet seal head 32; the maximum diameter of the air inlet seal head 32 is matched with the maximum diameter of the outlet end of the air inlet channel 10, when the air inlet seal head 32 is used for plugging the outlet end of the air inlet channel 10, the lower surface of the air inlet seal head 32 is flush with the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2, so that the top of the compression chamber 6 is horizontal, when the compression cylinder piston 8 moves to the uppermost end of the compression chamber 6, the upper end of the compression cylinder piston 8 is attached to the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2, and therefore compressed air in the compression chamber 6 is completely introduced into the working chamber 7, and residual air in the compression chamber 6 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 4 to 7, a second mounting groove 14 is formed on the lower surface of the top cover 22, and the second mounting groove 14 is communicated with the middle air inlet channel 11; the second intake valve device 4 comprises an intake valve second shaft 40 and a valve sleeve 41 fixedly arranged in the second mounting groove 14, the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 extends into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, and an air inlet opening 42 corresponding to the middle air inlet channel 11 is formed in the valve sleeve 41; the valve sleeve 41 is also provided with an intake valve second sliding hole 43, and the upper end of the intake valve second shaft 40 is inserted into the intake valve second sliding hole 43; an upper spring 44 is also installed in the second sliding hole 43 of the intake valve, and the upper end of the second shaft 40 of the intake valve is abutted against the upper spring 44; the lower end of the intake valve biaxial 40 is also provided with a first valve seal 45 for sealing the valve pocket 41.

The second installation groove 14 is cylindrical, the second installation groove 14 is positioned on the lower surface of the top cover 22, and the inner diameter of the second installation groove 14 is the same as the inner diameter of the middle air inlet channel 11, so that the second installation groove 14 and the air outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 are in a vertical straight cylinder shape; the valve sleeve 41 is fixed in the second mounting groove 14 through strong mounting, the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 extends into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, and the outer wall of the valve sleeve 41 is in sealing fit with the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11; the valve sleeve 41 is in a hollow cylinder shape, the upper end of the valve sleeve 41 is in a closed shape, and the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 is in an open shape; the air intake opening 42 corresponds to the horizontal portion of the intermediate air intake duct 11, and the horizontal portion of the intermediate air intake duct 11 is communicated with the inside of the valve cover 41 through the air intake opening 42, so that the compressed air that has entered the valve cover 41 through the intermediate air intake duct 11 enters the outlet end of the intermediate air intake duct 11 from the lower end of the valve cover 41, and is finally discharged from the outlet end of the intermediate air intake duct 11.

The second sliding hole 43 of the air inlet valve is positioned at the top of the valve sleeve 41, the second sliding hole 43 of the air inlet valve does not penetrate through the top surface of the valve sleeve 41, in order to prevent the second sliding hole 43 of the air inlet valve from penetrating through the top surface of the valve sleeve 41, a stepped shaft is fixedly arranged at the top of the valve sleeve 41, the stepped shaft and the valve sleeve 41 are integrally arranged, the large diameter of the stepped shaft is matched with the inner diameter of the second mounting groove 14, so that the stepped shaft is fixedly arranged in the second mounting groove 14 in a strong manner, and the opening of the second sliding hole 43 of the air inlet valve is facilitated; the central axis of the second sliding hole 43 of the intake valve is on the same straight line with the central axis of the valve sleeve 41, an upper spring 44 is fixedly arranged in the second sliding hole 43 of the intake valve, and the lower end of the upper spring 44 is fixed with the second shaft 40 of the intake valve; the second intake valve shaft 40 is in clearance fit with the second intake valve sliding hole 43, so that the second intake valve shaft 40 can slide up and down in the second intake valve sliding hole 43 fully; the first valve seal 45 is fixed at the lower end of the intake valve two-shaft 40, the first valve seal 45 and the intake valve two-shaft 40 are integrally formed, and the first valve seal 45 is matched with the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, so that the first valve seal 45 can seal the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, and the first valve seal 45 can seal the middle air inlet channel 11.

When the air in the compression chamber 6 is sent into the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11, the air pressure in the middle air inlet channel 11 is high, so that the compressed air in the middle air inlet channel 11 pushes the first valve seal head 45 to move downwards, the first valve seal head 45 drives the two inlet valve shafts 40 to move synchronously when moving downwards, the upper springs 44 are lengthened, the first valve seal head 45 finally loses the fit with the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 is opened, the compressed air in the middle air inlet channel 11 enters the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 through the valve sleeve 41 and is finally discharged from the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, and the compressed air in the compression chamber 6 enters the working chamber 7, so that the opening of the middle air inlet channel 11 is realized; when the compressed air in the working chamber 7 is ignited to generate explosion, the air pressure in the working chamber 7 is larger, the air pressure in the working chamber 7 pushes the first valve seal head 45 to move upwards, the air pressure in the working chamber 7 pushes the first valve seal head 45, meanwhile, the upper spring 44 pulls the two shafts 40 of the air inlet valve to move upwards through the self elasticity, the first valve seal head 45 is abutted against the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 through the elasticity of the spring and the pushing of the air pressure in the working chamber 7, the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 is blocked, at the moment, the valve sleeve 41 and the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 are blocked, and the air entering the valve sleeve 41 cannot be discharged from the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, so that the blocking of the middle air inlet channel 11 is realized.

The first valve seal head 45 is conical, and the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 is horn-shaped and matched with the first valve seal head 45; specifically, the lower end of the inner wall of the valve sleeve 41 is in a horn shape, when the first valve seal 45 is abutted against the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 through the cooperation of the first valve seal 45 and the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, the first valve seal 45 is in sealing cooperation with the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, so that the sealing performance of the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 is better, and when the first valve seal 45 is abutted against the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, the sealing performance of the middle air inlet channel 11 is higher.

A limiting ring 15 is also arranged in the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11; the two shafts 40 of the intake valve are also provided with three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve, an end shaft 47 is inserted in the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve, and the lower end of the end shaft 47 extends into the compression chamber 6; a lower spring 48 is also arranged in the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve, and the upper end of the end shaft 47 is fixed with the lower spring 48; the middle part of the end shaft 47 is also fixedly provided with a second valve seal head 49, and the second valve seal head 49 is matched with the upper end face of the limiting ring 15.

The limiting ring 15 is integrally arranged on the inner wall of the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, namely, the limiting ring 15 is positioned below the valve sleeve 41; the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve are cylindrical holes, the central axes of the three sliding holes of the intake valve shaft 31 and the central axis of the two shafts 40 of the intake valve are on the same straight line, the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve are arranged on the lower end face of the two shafts 40 of the intake valve, the upper end of the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve does not penetrate through the upper end of the two shafts 40 of the intake valve, and the lower end of the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve penetrates through the first valve seal head 45; the large diameter of the lower spring 48 is smaller than the inner diameter of the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve, and the lower spring 48 is movably arranged in the three sliding holes 46 of the intake valve; the diameter of the end shaft 47 is in clearance fit with the inner diameter of the three sliding holes 46 of the air inlet valve, so that the end shaft 47 can fully move up and down in the three sliding holes 46 of the air inlet valve, and the lower end of the end shaft 47 extends into the working chamber 7 through the limiting ring 15; the second valve seal head 49 is integrally arranged with the end shaft 47, so that the connection between the second valve seal head 49 and the end shaft 47 is firmer; the lower end face of the second valve seal head 49 is in tight fit with the upper end face of the limiting ring 15, so that when the lower end face of the second valve seal head 49 is in tight fit with the upper end face of the limiting ring 15, the second valve seal head 49 can seal the limiting ring 15, thereby sealing the middle air inlet channel 11 and closing the middle air inlet channel 11.

When the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 synchronously move downwards, air is sucked into the compression chamber 6, waste gas in the working chamber 7 is discharged, at the moment, the first valve seal head 45 seals the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, so that the middle air inlet channel 11 is closed, at the moment, the second valve seal head 49 is not subjected to any acting force, the lower spring 48 pushes the end shaft 47 to move downwards along the three sliding holes 46 of the air inlet valve through self elasticity, at the moment, the second valve seal head 49 fixed on the end shaft 47 synchronously moves downwards along with the end shaft 47, so that the second valve seal head 49 is abutted against the limiting ring 15, the lower surface of the second valve seal head 49 is tightly attached to the upper end surface of the limiting ring 15, the second valve seal head 49 seals the upper end of the limiting ring 15, at the moment, the first valve seal head 45 and the second valve seal head 49 simultaneously seal the middle air inlet channel 11, so that the middle air inlet channel 11 is completely closed, and residual waste gas in the working chamber 7 can be effectively prevented from entering the compression chamber 6.

When the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 synchronously move upwards, the air inlet channel 10 is closed by the air inlet seal head 32, air in the compression chamber 6 moves towards the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11, at the moment, the first valve seal head 45 opens the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, but the second valve seal head 49 still keeps the sealing of the middle air inlet channel 11 due to the self elasticity of the lower spring 48, at the moment, the air in the compression chamber 6 can enter the middle air inlet channel 11 but cannot enter the working chamber 7 from the middle air inlet channel 11; as the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 continue to move upwards, the working cylinder piston 9 contacts with the lower end of the end shaft 47, the movement of the working cylinder piston 9 pushes the end shaft 47 to move upwards, the end shaft 47 moves upwards, the second valve seal head 49 fixed on the end shaft 47 moves upwards synchronously with the end shaft 47, the second valve seal head 49 loses the abutment to the limiting ring 15, so that the second valve seal head 49 opens the middle air inlet channel 11, and at the moment, the first valve seal head 45 and the second valve seal head 49 are both in an open state, so that the middle air inlet channel 11 is completely opened, and air in the compression chamber 6 smoothly enters the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11.

The second valve seal head 49 is in an inverted conical shape, and a chamfer matched with the second valve seal head 49 is formed on the upper end surface of the limiting ring 15; specifically, the upper end of the inner wall of the limiting ring 15 is in a horn shape, the maximum diameter of the second valve seal head 49 is larger than the minimum inner diameter of the limiting ring 15, and the maximum diameter of the second valve seal head 49 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, so that the second valve seal head 49 can not only move up and down fully in the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, but also effectively seal the upper end face of the limiting ring 15, and the second valve seal head 49 has a sealing effect on the limiting ring 15, so that the second valve seal head 49 effectively closes the middle air inlet channel 11, and the sealing performance of the middle air inlet channel 11 is better after the second valve seal head 49 seals the middle air inlet channel 11.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, a third mounting groove 16 is formed on the lower surface of the top cover 22, and the exhaust valve device 5 is mounted in the third mounting groove 16; the exhaust valve device 5 comprises an exhaust baffle sleeve 50, an exhaust valve shaft 51 and an exhaust seal head 52; the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 is slidably mounted in the third mounting groove 16, an exhaust valve spring 53 is mounted in the third mounting groove 16, and the upper end of the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 abuts against the lower end of the exhaust valve spring 53; the upper end of the exhaust valve shaft 51 is fixed with the exhaust baffle sleeve 50, the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft 51 penetrates through the cylinder cover 2 and extends into the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, and the exhaust seal head 52 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft 51; a push rod sliding hole 54 is further formed in the exhaust valve shaft 51, a push rod 55 is inserted into the push rod sliding hole 54, a push rod spring 56 is further installed in the exhaust valve shaft 51, and the upper end of the push rod 55 abuts against the push rod spring 56.

The third mounting groove 16 is located on the lower surface of the top cover 22, and the third mounting groove 16 is cylindrical; the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 is in a circular ring shape, and the outer wall of the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the third mounting groove 16, so that the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 can move upwards and downwards sufficiently in the third mounting groove 16; the upper end of the exhaust valve shaft 51 is inserted into the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 and is fixedly connected with the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 by adopting a pin, so that the exhaust valve shaft 51 can be guided by the exhaust blocking sleeve 50 when the exhaust valve shaft 51 moves up and down, and the exhaust valve shaft 51 always moves on the same vertical line to prevent the exhaust valve shaft 51 from tilting in the up and down moving process; the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft 51 extends into the air inlet end of the exhaust passage 12 through the top surface of the cylinder cover 2, and the central axis of the exhaust valve shaft 51 and the central axis of the air inlet end of the exhaust passage 12 are on the same straight line; the exhaust valve shaft 51 and the exhaust seal head 52 are integrally arranged, so that the connection between the exhaust valve shaft 51 and the exhaust seal head 52 is firmer, and the exhaust seal head 52 is prevented from falling from the exhaust valve shaft 51; the exhaust valve spring 53 is installed at the bottom of the third installation groove 16, the lower end of the exhaust valve spring 53 abuts against the upper end face of the exhaust blocking sleeve 50, and the exhaust valve sleeve 41 abuts against the upper surface of the cylinder cover 2 through the self elastic force of the exhaust valve spring 53, so that the exhaust valve shaft 51 is at the lowest position under the condition that the exhaust valve shaft 51 is not under pressure, and when the working cylinder piston 9 does not move upwards, the exhaust sealing head 52 does not abut against the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, and the exhaust passage 12 is always in an open state.

When the acting cylinder piston 9 moves upwards, the acting cylinder piston 9 applies an upward thrust to the exhaust seal head 52, the exhaust seal head 52 transmits the received pressure to the exhaust valve shaft 51, the exhaust valve shaft 51 transmits the pressure to the exhaust baffle sleeve 50, the exhaust baffle sleeve 50 pushes the exhaust valve spring 53 to compress the exhaust valve spring 53, so that the exhaust seal head 52 is abutted against the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, and the exhaust passage 12 is closed; when the acting cylinder piston 9 moves downwards, the exhaust seal head 52 loses the thrust of the acting cylinder piston 9, the exhaust valve spring 53 pushes the exhaust valve shaft 51 to move downwards through self elasticity, and the exhaust seal head 52 fixed with the exhaust valve shaft 51 moves downwards along with the exhaust valve shaft 51 synchronously, so that the exhaust seal head 52 loses the abutting of the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, and the exhaust passage 12 is automatically opened.

The push rod sliding hole 54 is formed on the lower end surface of the exhaust valve shaft 51, the lower end of the push rod sliding hole 54 penetrates through the exhaust seal head 52 to vertically downwards, and the central axis of the push rod sliding hole 54 and the central axis of the exhaust valve shaft 51 are on the same straight line; the push rod spring 56 is installed at the bottom of the push rod sliding hole 54, the lower end of the push rod spring 56 is matched with the upper end of the push rod 55, the push rod 55 extends into the working chamber 7 under the condition that the push rod 55 is not under pressure by the thrust of the push rod spring 56, and when the push rod 55 is under pressure to enable the push rod spring 56 to be fully compressed, and the exhaust seal head 52 is fully sealed to the exhaust passage 12, the lower end of the push rod 55 is flush with the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2; the push rod 55 can move up and down in the push rod sliding hole 54, but the push rod 55 cannot fall off from the push rod sliding hole 54, so that the push rod 55 is effectively prevented from falling into the working chamber 7.

By installing the push rod 55, when the acting cylinder piston 9 moves upwards, the acting cylinder piston 9 firstly pushes the push rod 55 to move upwards, and when the push rod 55 moves upwards, the push rod 55 applies pressure to the push rod spring 56, so that the push rod spring 56 is compressed, and along with the continuous upward movement of the acting cylinder piston 9, the push rod spring 56 is completely compressed, so that the thrust applied by the push rod 55 acts on the exhaust valve shaft 51, thereby enabling the exhaust valve shaft 51 to move upwards, enabling the movement of the exhaust valve shaft 51 to drive the exhaust seal head 52 to move, enabling the exhaust valve shaft 51 to transmit the pressure to the exhaust baffle sleeve 50, enabling the exhaust baffle sleeve 50 to push the exhaust valve spring 53, enabling the exhaust valve spring 53 to be compressed, and enabling the exhaust seal head 52 to abut against the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, thereby realizing the closing of the exhaust passage 12; when the working cylinder piston 9 moves downwards, the working cylinder piston 9 loses thrust to the push rod 55, the push rod spring 56 pushes the push rod 55 to reset, the exhaust valve shaft 51 loses thrust of the push rod 55 along with the continued downwards movement of the working cylinder piston 9, the exhaust valve spring 53 pushes the exhaust valve shaft 51 to reset through self elastic force, and the exhaust valve shaft 51 resets to drive the exhaust seal head 52 to reset, so that the exhaust passage 12 is automatically opened.

A pin shaft 57 extending along the radial direction is also arranged in the push rod sliding hole 54, and two ends of the pin shaft 57 penetrate through the exhaust valve shaft 51 and are fixed with the exhaust blocking sleeve 50; the push rod 55 is also provided with a pin shaft hole 58 matched with the pin shaft 57, and the pin shaft hole 58 is a long waist hole; the central axis of the pin 57 extends along the diameter direction of the exhaust valve shaft 51, and two ends of the pin 57 respectively penetrate through the exhaust valve shaft 51 to extend radially of the exhaust valve shaft 51, so that two ends of the pin 57 are inserted into the exhaust baffle sleeve 50, the installation of the pin 57 is realized, and the fixed connection between the exhaust baffle sleeve 50 and the exhaust valve shaft 51 is realized; the pin shaft hole 58 is a through hole, the pin shaft hole 58 is positioned on the outer circular surface of the push rod 55, and the length direction of the pin shaft hole 58 is consistent with the radius direction of the pin shaft 57; the length of the pin shaft hole 58 is larger than the diameter of the pin shaft 57, so that after the push rod 55 receives upward pressure, the push rod 55 can move upwards for a certain distance through the guide of the pin shaft 57, and when the push rod 55 cannot move upwards continuously due to the blocking of the pin shaft 57, the force of the push rod 55 is transmitted to the exhaust valve shaft 51 again, so that the valve seal head seals the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12; the pin shaft 57 can effectively limit the push rod 55, so that the push rod 55 can be prevented from falling from the push rod sliding hole 54, and the push rod 55 can be pushed to prop up the valve in the axial direction.

The exhaust seal head 52 is conical, and the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12 is in a horn shape matched with the exhaust seal head 52; specifically, the inner wall of the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12 is in a horn shape, and the maximum diameter of the exhaust seal head 52 is matched with the maximum diameter of the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, so that when the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12 is plugged by the exhaust seal head 52, the lower surface of the exhaust seal head 52 is flush with the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2, the bottom of the groove 70 is horizontal, and when the working cylinder piston 9 moves to the uppermost end of the working chamber 7, the upper end of the working cylinder piston 9 is attached to the lower surface of the cylinder cover 2, so that compressed air in the compression chamber 6 completely enters the groove 70, and the compressed air entering the working chamber 7 is prevented from being directly discharged from the exhaust passage 12.

The cylinder cover 2 is also provided with a valve seat 17, and the valve seat 17 is communicated with the working chamber 7; the lower end of the cylinder body 1 is also provided with a shell 18, an output crankshaft 19 is arranged in the shell 18, and the output crankshaft 19 is in transmission connection with the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 through rocker arms; an exhaust pipe 20 is further arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body 1, the outlet end of the exhaust passage 12 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 20, a pressure relief hole 21 is further formed in the cylinder body 1, the outlet end of the pressure relief hole 21 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 20, and the inlet end of the pressure relief hole 21 is communicated with the lower end of the working chamber 7.

The valve seat 17 is fixedly arranged on the cylinder cover 2 through threads; the shell 18 and the cylinder body 1 are fixedly arranged through screws, two through holes are further formed in the top of the shell 18, and the two through holes are respectively communicated with the working chamber 7 and the compression chamber 6; the output crankshaft 19 is rotatably mounted on the housing 18 through a bearing, the axial direction of the output crankshaft 19 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the working chamber 7, and the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 are connected with the output crankshaft 19 through a rocker arm, so that the output crankshaft 19 moves up and down through the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 when the output crankshaft 19 rotates, and the compression cylinder piston 8 moves up and down in the compression chamber 6, and the working cylinder piston 9 moves up and down in the working chamber 7.

The exhaust pipe 20 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body 1 through a flange, and the exhaust pipe 20 is communicated with the exhaust passage 12, so that the exhaust gas exhausted by the exhaust passage 12 is directly exhausted through the exhaust pipe 20; the pressure relief hole 21 is positioned in the middle of the working chamber 7, the pressure relief hole 21 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 20, the pressure relief hole 21 can enable the working cylinder piston 9 to communicate the working chamber 7 with the exhaust pipe 20 after a certain distance is reserved towards the lower end of the working chamber 7, and the pressure relief hole 21 can relieve the pressure of the working chamber 7, so that the pressure in the working chamber 7 can be quickly kept balanced.

As shown in fig. 11 to 13, when the output crankshaft 19 rotates, the output crankshaft 19 drives the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 to synchronously move upwards, in the intake valve device 3, the intake valve spring 33 pushes the intake baffle sleeve 30 to move towards the upper end of the first mounting groove 13 through self elastic force, and when the intake baffle sleeve 30 moves upwards, the intake baffle sleeve 30 drives the intake valve shaft 31 to move upwards, so that the intake seal head 32 fixed at the lower end of the intake valve shaft 31 synchronously moves upwards, the intake seal head 32 automatically seals the outlet end of the intake duct 10, the intake duct 10 is automatically closed, and the air in the compression chamber 6 moves towards the working chamber 7 through the middle intake duct 11.

At this time, the air pressure in the middle air inlet channel 11 in the air inlet valve two devices 4 is larger, so that the compressed air entering the middle air inlet channel 11 pushes the first valve seal head 45 to move downwards, the first valve seal head 45 drives the air inlet valve two shafts 40 to move synchronously when moving downwards, the upper springs 44 are lengthened, the first valve seal head 45 finally loses the fit with the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, the lower end of the valve sleeve 41 is opened, the compressed air entering the middle air inlet channel 11 enters the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 through the valve sleeve 41 and finally is discharged from the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11, the compressed air in the compression chamber 6 enters the working chamber 7, the opening of the middle air inlet channel 11 is realized, and the compressed air entering the middle air inlet channel 11 enters the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel 11 through the valve sleeve 41.

Along with the upward movement of the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9, the movement of the working cylinder piston 9 contacts with the lower end of the end shaft 47 to push the end shaft 47 to move upward, the end shaft 47 moves upward, so that the second valve seal head 49 fixed on the end shaft 47 moves upward synchronously with the end shaft 47, the second valve seal head 49 loses the abutment to the limiting ring 15, so that the second valve seal head 49 opens the middle air inlet channel 11, and at the moment, the first valve seal head 45 and the second valve seal head 49 are both in an open state, so that the middle air inlet channel 11 is completely opened, and air in the compression chamber 6 smoothly enters the upper part of the working chamber 7 through the middle air inlet channel 11.

When the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 move to the uppermost end, the working cylinder piston 9 completely compresses the end shaft 47, the end shaft 47 not only supports the lower spring 48 tightly, but also transfers the thrust received by the lower spring 48 to the two intake valve shafts 40, so that the two intake valve shafts 40 compress the upper spring 44, and when the two intake valve shafts 40 move upwards, the first valve seal 45 moves upwards synchronously with the two intake valve shafts 40, so that the first valve seal seals the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, thereby closing the middle air inlet channel 11, and at the moment, compressed air in the compression chamber 6 cannot enter the compression chamber 6 through the middle air inlet channel 11.

While the compression cylinder piston 8 moves upwards, as the compression cylinder piston 8 moves upwards, the compression cylinder piston 8 pushes the push rod 55 to move upwards, when the push rod 55 moves upwards, the push rod 55 applies pressure to the push rod spring 56, so that the push rod spring 56 is compressed, as the working cylinder piston 9 continues to move upwards, the push rod spring 56 is fully compressed, so that the thrust force applied by the push rod 55 acts on the exhaust valve shaft 51, so that the exhaust valve shaft 51 moves upwards, the movement of the exhaust valve shaft 51 drives the exhaust seal head 52 to move, the exhaust valve shaft 51 transmits the pressure to the exhaust baffle sleeve 50, the exhaust baffle sleeve 50 pushes the exhaust valve spring 53, and the exhaust valve spring 53 is compressed, so that the exhaust seal head 52 abuts against the inlet end of the exhaust passage 12, and the exhaust passage 12 is closed.

At this time, the spark plug 23 ignites, so that the air in the working chamber 7 is ignited and exploded, the pressure in the working chamber 7 suddenly increases, the pressure in the working chamber 7 pushes the working cylinder piston 9 to move downwards, and when the working cylinder piston 9 moves downwards, the compression cylinder piston 8 moves downwards synchronously. At this time, the inside of the compression chamber 6 is in a negative pressure state, the negative pressure in the compression chamber 6 pumps the air inlet seal head 32 to the compression chamber 6, the air inlet seal head 32 moves downwards to drive the air inlet valve shaft 31 to move, so that the air inlet baffle sleeve 30 moves downwards along with the air inlet valve shaft 31 synchronously, the air inlet valve spring 33 is compressed, at this time, the air inlet seal head 32 loses the blocking of the air inlet channel 10, so that the air inlet channel 10 is opened, and air is pumped into the compression chamber 6 through the air inlet channel 10.

As the compression cylinder piston 8 and the working cylinder piston 9 move downwards, the middle air inlet channel 11 is in a negative pressure state like compression, and the negative pressure in the compression process pumps the first valve seal head 45 upwards to enable the first valve seal head 45 to be abutted against the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, at the moment, the upper spring 44 is compressed, the first valve seal head 45 seals the lower end of the valve sleeve 41, and the first valve seal head 45 seals the middle air inlet channel 11.

While the first valve seal head 45 seals the middle air inlet channel 11, the end shaft 47 in the two intake valve devices 4 loses the pressure of the acting cylinder piston 9, the lower spring 48 synchronously pushes the end shaft 47 to move downwards by self elasticity, and synchronously moves downwards with the second valve seal head 49 fixed by the end shaft 47, the second valve seal head 49 abuts against the upper end face of the limiting ring 15, so that the upper end of the limiting ring 15 is sealed by the second valve seal head 49, and the middle air inlet channel 11 is sealed by the second valve seal head 49.

When the working cylinder piston 9 moves downwards, the air pressure in the working chamber 7 is gradually reduced, meanwhile, the working cylinder piston 9 loses thrust to the push rod 55, the push rod spring 56 pushes the push rod 55 to reset, as the working cylinder piston 9 continues to move downwards, the exhaust valve shaft 51 loses thrust of the push rod 55, the exhaust valve spring 53 pushes the exhaust valve shaft 51 to reset through self elasticity, the exhaust valve shaft 51 resets to drive the exhaust seal head 52 to reset, so that the exhaust passage 12 is automatically opened, and waste gas generated in the working chamber 7 is discharged into the exhaust pipe 20 through the exhaust passage 12 and finally is discharged out of the engine; as the working cylinder piston 9 continues to move downward, the pressure relief hole 21 communicates the exhaust pipe 20 with the working chamber 7, and at this time, the pressure relief hole 21 rapidly relieves the pressure in the working chamber 7 and keeps the pressure in the working chamber 7 balanced.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The two-stroke engine is characterized by comprising a cylinder body, a cylinder cover, an intake valve I device, an intake valve II device and an exhaust valve device; the cylinder cover is arranged on the cylinder body, a compression chamber and an acting chamber are arranged in the cylinder body, the acting chamber is higher than the compression chamber, a compression cylinder piston is arranged in the compression chamber, and an acting cylinder piston is arranged in the acting chamber; an air inlet channel communicated with the compression chamber is formed in the cylinder cover, and an air inlet valve device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe; the cylinder cover is also provided with an intermediate air inlet channel which enables the compression chamber to be communicated with the acting chamber, and the two intake valve devices are used for controlling the opening and closing of the intermediate air inlet channel; an exhaust passage communicated with the working chamber is further formed in the cylinder cover, and the exhaust valve device is used for controlling the opening and closing of the exhaust passage; the cylinder cover is also provided with a spark plug, and the ignition end of the spark plug is positioned at the top of the acting chamber; a top cover is also arranged at the top of the cylinder cover, and the first air inlet valve device, the second air inlet valve device and the exhaust valve device are all arranged on the top cover; the air inlet channel, the middle air inlet channel and the air outlet channel are all bent, the lower end of the first device of the air inlet valve penetrates through the cylinder cover to extend into the outlet end of the air inlet channel, the lower end of the second device of the air inlet valve penetrates through the cylinder cover to extend into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel, and the lower end of the air outlet valve penetrates through the cylinder cover to extend into the inlet end of the air outlet channel; the lower surface of the top cover is provided with a first mounting groove, and the first air inlet valve device is arranged in the first mounting groove; the first device of the air inlet valve comprises an air inlet blocking sleeve, an air inlet valve shaft fixed with the air inlet blocking sleeve and an air inlet sealing head fixed at the lower end of the air inlet valve shaft; the air inlet blocking sleeve is slidably arranged in the first mounting groove, an air inlet valve spring is further arranged on the air inlet valve shaft, the upper end of the air inlet valve spring is abutted against the air inlet blocking sleeve, and the lower end of the air inlet valve spring is abutted against the upper surface of the cylinder cover; the air inlet end enclosure is conical, and the outlet end of the air inlet channel is in a horn shape matched with the air inlet end enclosure; a second mounting groove is formed in the lower surface of the top cover and is communicated with the middle air inlet channel; the second air inlet valve device comprises an air inlet valve second shaft and a valve sleeve fixedly arranged in the second mounting groove, the lower end of the valve sleeve extends into the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel, and an air inlet opening corresponding to the middle air inlet channel is further formed in the valve sleeve; the valve sleeve is also provided with an inlet valve second sliding hole, and the upper end of the inlet valve second shaft is inserted into the inlet valve second sliding hole; an upper spring is further arranged in the second sliding hole of the air inlet valve, and the upper end of the second shaft of the air inlet valve is fixed with the upper spring; the lower end of the two shafts of the air inlet valve is also provided with a first valve seal head for sealing the valve sleeve; the first valve seal head is conical, and the lower end of the valve sleeve is in a horn shape matched with the first valve seal head.

2. The two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein the working chamber comprises a recess formed in the cylinder head and a piston chamber formed in the cylinder body, the recess being in opposed communication with the piston chamber; the outlet end of the middle air inlet channel and the inlet end of the air outlet channel are both positioned in the groove.

3. The two-stroke engine as recited in claim 1 wherein a stop collar is also mounted in the outlet end of said intermediate inlet duct; the second shaft of the air inlet valve is also provided with an air inlet valve three-slide hole, an end shaft is inserted into the air inlet valve three-slide hole, and the lower end of the end shaft extends into the compression chamber; a lower spring is further arranged in the three sliding holes of the air inlet valve, and the upper end of the end shaft is abutted against the lower spring; the middle part of the end shaft is fixedly provided with a second valve seal head which is matched with the upper end face of the limiting ring; the second valve seal head is in an inverted conical shape, and a chamfer matched with the second valve seal head is formed in the upper end face of the limiting ring.

4. The two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 1 wherein a third mounting groove is provided on the lower surface of the top cover, the exhaust valve means being mounted in the third mounting groove; the exhaust valve device comprises an exhaust blocking sleeve, an exhaust valve shaft and an exhaust sealing head; the exhaust blocking sleeve is slidably arranged in the third mounting groove, an exhaust valve spring is arranged in the third mounting groove, and the upper end of the exhaust blocking sleeve is abutted against the lower end of the exhaust valve spring; the upper end of the exhaust valve shaft is fixed with the exhaust baffle sleeve, the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft penetrates through the cylinder cover to extend into the inlet end of the exhaust passage, and the exhaust seal head is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the exhaust valve shaft; the exhaust valve shaft is internally provided with a push rod sliding hole, a push rod is inserted into the push rod sliding hole, the exhaust valve shaft is internally provided with a push rod spring, and the upper end of the push rod is abutted against the push rod spring.

5. The two-stroke engine as claimed in claim 4 wherein a radially extending pin is also mounted in the pushrod sliding bore, the pin having two ends secured to the exhaust sleeve through the exhaust valve shaft; the push rod is also provided with a pin shaft hole matched with the pin shaft, and the pin shaft hole is a long waist hole.

6. The two-stroke engine as recited in claim 5, wherein said exhaust head is conical and an inlet end of said exhaust passage is flared to mate with said exhaust head.

7. The two-stroke engine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein a valve seat is also mounted on the cylinder head, the valve seat being in communication with the working chamber; the lower end of the cylinder body is also provided with a shell, an output crankshaft is arranged in the shell, and the output crankshaft is in transmission connection with the compression cylinder piston and the acting cylinder piston through rocker arms; the cylinder body is characterized in that an exhaust pipe is further arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body, the outlet end of the exhaust pipe is communicated with the exhaust pipe, a pressure relief hole is further formed in the cylinder body, the outlet end of the pressure relief hole is communicated with the exhaust pipe, and the inlet end of the pressure relief hole is communicated with the lower end of the acting chamber.