CN215257984U - Air distributor for diesel engine - Google Patents
Air distributor for diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN215257984U CN215257984U CN202120937154.9U CN202120937154U CN215257984U CN 215257984 U CN215257984 U CN 215257984U CN 202120937154 U CN202120937154 U CN 202120937154U CN 215257984 U CN215257984 U CN 215257984U
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- air
- shell
- plunger unit
- housing
- plunger
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a diesel engine air distributor, a central hole and a plurality of radial guide holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on a shell, an air inlet annular groove and a plurality of air outlet holes are arranged on the shell, a blanking cover is fixedly connected with the shell, an air inlet communicated with the air inlet annular groove is arranged on the blanking cover, a cam rotary valve is rotatably arranged at the central hole, a plunger unit which can move along the radial direction and a fixed air distribution outlet member are arranged in the radial guide holes, and a reset spring is arranged between the air distribution outlet member and the plunger unit; the air inlet, the air inlet annular groove, the plunger unit and the air distribution outlet member form an air distribution passage, the air inlet annular groove, the plunger unit and the air discharge port form a residual gas discharge passage, and the plunger unit selectively opens or closes the air distribution passage or the residual gas discharge passage when the cam rotary valve rotates. The rotary valve and the shell do not need to be matched, so that each cylinder of the engine is ensured to be started in order, and oil leakage caused by residual lubricating oil blown into each cylinder of the engine is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an air distributor technical field, concretely relates to diesel engine air distributor.
Background
The diesel engine can be automatically ignited to operate and do work externally only after the starting device helps to reach a certain rotating speed. The large and medium-sized diesel engines for ships are mostly started by introducing compressed air into the cylinders, the sequence, the moment and the duration of the compressed air entering each cylinder are sequentially controlled by the air distributor according to the ignition sequence of the diesel engines, the compressed air expands to push the piston to move, the crankshaft is driven to rotate by the connecting rod, and atomized diesel oil sprayed into the cylinders is automatically ignited and combusted after the rotating speed of the crankshaft reaches the starting rotating speed, so that the diesel engines are started.
Compared with the starting of an air motor, the starting of the air distributor has the advantages of low air consumption, strong starting capability, simple starting principle and good maintainability.
As shown in fig. 1, the conventional air distributor includes a first housing 13, a second housing 15 and a rotary valve 12, a first compressed air inlet 16 is provided on the second housing 15, an air control port 1201 is provided on the rotary valve 12, a temporary compressed air storage chamber is formed between the rotary valve 12 and the second housing 15, a sealing chamber is formed between the rotary valve 12 and an axial contact surface a of the first housing 13, 6 second air control ports 17 are provided on the axial contact surface a, 6 second air outlets 14 corresponding to the second air control ports 17 are provided on two side surfaces of the first housing 13, when the rotary valve rotates, the first air control port 1201 on the rotary valve 12 is aligned to which of the second air control ports 17, and then the corresponding second air outlet 14 leads compressed air to an air cylinder corresponding to an engine.
In order to ensure that the cylinder cover starting valves are opened in sequence according to the ignition sequence of the diesel engine, the rotary valve 12 of the air distributor has to have a good sealing effect on the axial contact surface A of the first shell 13, and the rotary valve 12 and the axial contact surface A of the first shell 13 are realized by means of matching, so that the cost is high; if the rotary valve 12 rotates for a long time, the axial contact surface a between the rotary valve 12 and the first housing 13 is easily worn, resulting in sealing failure, compressed air is randomly discharged from the starting air outlets 14 on the first housing 13 during starting, and then the starting valves on the cylinder cover of the engine are randomly opened, resulting in starting failure. In addition, when the existing air distributor is started, the compressed air can blow lubricating oil stored in an air cavity of the air distributor into a cylinder cover starting valve, the lubricating oil leaks out from an air outlet of the cylinder cover starting valve, the oil leakage phenomenon occurs, and a small part of the lubricating oil is blown into a cylinder to be combusted, so that the emission of a diesel engine is influenced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned defect of prior art, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a diesel engine air distributor is provided, changes the valve and need not the research and development with the casing, and is sealed effectual, can ensure that each jar of engine starts in order to avoid remaining lubricating oil to blow in each jar of engine and cause the oil leak.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
a diesel engine air distributor, comprising: a shell, a cam rotary valve, a plurality of plunger valve units and a blocking cover,
the casing is provided with a central hole and a plurality of radial guide holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, one end face of the casing is provided with an air inlet annular groove, the other end face of the casing is provided with a plurality of air outlet ports, the blocking cover is fixedly connected to the casing, the blocking cover is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air inlet annular groove, the cam rotary valve is rotatably installed at the central hole, the radial guide holes are internally provided with the plunger units which can move along the radial direction and the fixed air distribution outlet parts, and a reset spring is arranged between the air distribution outlet parts and the plunger units;
the air inlet, the air inlet annular groove, the plunger unit and the air distribution outlet member form an air distribution passage, the air inlet annular groove, the plunger unit and the air release port form a residual gas discharge passage, and when the cam rotary valve rotates, the plunger unit selectively opens or closes the air distribution passage or the residual gas discharge passage.
Preferably, the plunger unit includes: the spring mounting cavity is arranged in the shell, a control opening and a mounting long groove are formed in the side wall of the shell, and a roller is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the shell;
the plunger unit is connected with the shell through a plunger fixing pin, one end of the plunger fixing pin is fixedly connected with the shell, and the other end of the plunger fixing pin is inserted into an installation elongated slot of the plunger unit shell;
when the cam rotary valve pushes the plunger unit to compress the return spring, the casing of the plunger unit blocks the air release port, and the control port of the plunger unit is communicated with the air inlet annular groove;
when the cam rotary valve rotates to enable the reset spring to reset, the shell of the plunger unit opens the air release port, and the control port of the plunger unit is not communicated with the air inlet annular groove.
Preferably, a spring seat is arranged in the housing, one end of the return spring is fixedly mounted on the spring seat, the housing is divided into a top cavity and a bottom cavity by the spring seat, the top cavity is a spring mounting cavity for accommodating the return spring, the control port is located at the housing corresponding to the spring mounting cavity, and the mounting elongated slot is located at the housing corresponding to the bottom cavity.
Preferably, the bottom end of the shell is provided with a hinge hole, the roller is rotatably connected to the hinge hole through a pin shaft, and a bushing is arranged between the hinge shaft and the roller.
Preferably, the diesel engine air distributor is provided with a first lubricating oil channel for lubricating the roller, the first lubricating oil channel comprises an oil inlet annular cavity formed in the shell, the plunger fixing pin is provided with an oil through hole communicated with the oil inlet annular cavity, the shell is provided with a shell oil channel communicated with the oil through hole, the shell oil channel is provided with a pin shaft oil hole communicated with the shell oil channel, and the bush is provided with an oil penetration hole.
Preferably, the cam rotary valve comprises a valve handle part and a cam part, and the cam part is provided with a balance hole.
Preferably, the diesel engine air distributor is provided with a second lubricating oil passage for lubricating the valve handle, and the second lubricating oil passage is arranged along the radial direction of the shell and communicated with the central hole.
Preferably, the middle part of the blanking cover is provided with a limit boss, the limit boss extends into the central hole of the shell, the blanking cover is provided with an oil inlet, the blanking cover is provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and the blanking cover is fixedly connected with the shell through bolts.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses a diesel engine air distributor promotes plunger unit radial motion in proper order through the rotation of cam commentaries on classics valve, and the cam commentaries on classics valve promotes the plunger unit motion that each jar corresponds in proper order according to the diesel engine firing order, and each air distribution exit linkage on the casing is opened or is closed in proper order to the plunger unit, and compressed air is from the air distribution exit linkage on the casing in proper order to lead to every cylinder of engine, finally promotes the rotatory speed that reaches the fire of diesel engine bent axle, accomplishes the diesel engine and starts. The opening or closing of the air distribution passage is controlled by the plunger unit which moves in the radial direction, the air inlet annular groove is sealed by using a common sealing element, and the air inlet annular groove is static sealing, is not easy to wear and lose efficacy and is reliable in sealing. Different from the prior art that the opening and closing of each cylinder control air port is controlled by the axial direction of the rotary valve, the axial contact surface of the rotary valve and the shell does not have the sealing function any more, and no matching grinding is needed, so that the precision requirement on parts is reduced, and the processing is simple. And compressed air and lubricating oil are completely isolated, so that lubricating oil is thoroughly prevented from being blown to a cylinder cover starting valve by the compressed air, and the oil leakage problem is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art air dispenser;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the air distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is the air distributor of FIG. 3 at S1-S1A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram;
FIG. 5 is the air distributor of FIG. 3 at S3-S3A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the air distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the plunger unit of the air distributor of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at S in FIG. 4;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the blocking cover of the air distributor of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a housing; 101. an oil inlet ring cavity; 2. a cam rotary valve; 201. a valve handle; 2010. a second lubricating oil passage; 202. a cam portion; 203. a balance hole; 3. a plunger unit; 301. a housing; 3010. an outer housing oil passage; 302. a spring seat; 303. a top chamber; 304. a bottom cavity; 305. a control port; 306. installing a long groove; 307. a pin shaft; 3070. a pin shaft oil hole; 308. a bushing; 3080. an oil-bleeding hole; 309. a roller; 310. a plunger fixing pin; 3101. an oil through hole; 4. blocking the cover; 401. a limiting boss; 402. an oil inlet; 5. a central bore; 6. a radial guide hole; 7. an air intake annular groove; 8. an air release port; 9. an air inlet; 10. an air distribution outlet member; 11. a return spring; 12. rotating the valve; 1201. a gas control port; 13. a first housing; 14. a second air outlet; 15. a second housing; 16. a first compressed air inlet; 1201. a first gas control port; A. an axial contact surface; 17. a second gas control port.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments for further understanding the objects, aspects and functions of the present invention, but not for limiting the scope of the appended claims.
The diesel engine air distributor shown in fig. 2 to 6 includes: the air distribution device comprises a shell 1, a cam rotary valve 2, 6 plunger units 3 and a blocking cover 4, wherein a central hole 5 and 6 radial guide holes 6 which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the shell 1, an air inlet annular groove 7 is formed in one end face of the shell 1, 6 air relief ports 8 are formed in the other end face of the shell 1, the blocking cover 4 is fixedly connected to the shell 1, an air inlet 9 communicated with the air inlet annular groove 7 is formed in the blocking cover 4, an air pipe joint is arranged at the air inlet 9, the cam rotary valve 2 is rotatably arranged at the central hole 5, the plunger units 3 which can move along the radial direction and a fixed air distribution outlet part 10 are arranged in the radial guide holes 6, and a reset spring 11 is arranged between the air distribution outlet part 10 and the plunger units 3; the air distribution outlet 10 is provided in this embodiment as an air distribution outlet connection detachably connected to the housing, and the number of the air distribution outlet connections is also 6, corresponding to each cylinder of the engine.
The air inlet 9, the air inlet annular groove 7, the plunger unit 3 and the air distribution outlet member 10 form an air distribution passage, the air inlet annular groove 7, the plunger unit 3 and the air discharge port 8 form a residual gas discharge passage, and the plunger unit 3 selectively opens or closes the air distribution passage or the residual gas discharge passage when the cam rotary valve 2 rotates.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the plunger unit 3 includes: the spring mounting cavity is formed in the shell 301, a control opening 305 and a mounting long groove 306 are formed in the side wall of the shell 301, and a roller 309 is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the shell 1; the plunger unit 3 is connected with the housing 1 through a plunger fixing pin 310, one end of the plunger fixing pin 310 is fixedly connected with the housing 1, and the other end is inserted into the installation long groove 306 of the housing 1 of the plunger unit 3. A spring seat 302 is arranged in a shell 301 of the plunger unit 3, one end of the return spring 11 is fixedly mounted on the spring seat 302, the spring seat 302 divides the shell 301 into a top cavity 303 and a bottom cavity 304, the top cavity 303 is a spring mounting cavity for accommodating the return spring 11, a control port 305 is located at the shell 301 corresponding to the spring mounting cavity, and a mounting long groove 306 is located at the shell 301 corresponding to the bottom cavity 304.
When the rotary cam valve 2 rotates, the plunger unit 3 is pushed by the rotary cam valve 2 to reciprocate along the radial guide hole 6 under the action of the long mounting groove 306 and the plunger fixing pin 310. The specific working process is as follows:
when the cam rotary valve 2 pushes the plunger unit 3 to compress the return spring 11, the casing 301 of the plunger unit 3 blocks the air release opening 8, and the control opening 305 of the plunger unit 3 is communicated with the air inlet annular groove 7, at this time, the compressed air entering from the air inlet 9 on the blocking cover 4 enters the control opening 305 of the plunger unit 3 through the air inlet annular cavity and comes out from the air distribution outlet joint, and then enters the corresponding engine cylinder (such as the plunger unit at the upper part in fig. 4).
When the cam rotary valve 2 is rotated to reset the return spring 11, the housing 301 of the plunger unit 3 opens the air release opening 8, and the control opening 305 of the plunger unit 3 is not communicated with the air inlet annular groove 7, at which time, residual air in the plunger unit is released from the air release opening 8 (as in the lower plunger unit in fig. 4).
The cam rotary valve 2 sequentially pushes plunger units corresponding to cylinders to move according to the ignition sequence of the diesel engine, the plunger units 3 sequentially open or close air distribution outlet connectors on the shell, compressed air sequentially flows to each cylinder of the engine from the air distribution outlet connectors on the shell, and finally the crankshaft of the diesel engine is pushed to rotate to reach the ignition rotating speed, so that the starting of the diesel engine is completed.
As shown in fig. 8, a hinge hole is formed at the bottom end of the plunger unit casing 301, the roller is rotatably connected to the hinge hole through a pin 307, and a bushing 308 is disposed between the pin 307 and the roller.
The air distributor of the diesel engine is provided with a first lubricating oil channel for lubricating the roller, the first lubricating oil channel comprises an oil inlet annular cavity 101 arranged on the shell body 1, the plunger fixing pin 310 is provided with an oil through hole 3101 communicated with the oil inlet annular cavity 101, the shell 301 is provided with a shell body oil channel 3010 communicated with the oil through hole, the pin shaft 307 is provided with a pin shaft oil hole 3070 communicated with the shell body oil channel 3010, and the bush 308 is provided with an oil through hole 3080.
The cam rotary valve 2 includes a valve shank 201 and a cam portion 202, and the cam portion 202 is opened with a balance hole 203.
The balance hole 203 is used for balancing the rotational inertia force of the cam rotary valve 2, so that the cam rotary valve 2 is balanced in motion to reduce the impact on the housing 1.
The diesel engine air distributor is provided with a second lubricating oil channel 2010 for lubricating the valve shank 201, and the second lubricating oil channel is opened along the radial direction of the housing 1 and communicated with the central hole 5. A valve handle part bush is arranged between a valve handle part 201 of the cam rotary valve 2 and the distributor shell, an oil hole is formed in the valve handle part bush, lubricating oil from a lubricating oil inlet on the shell 1 directly flows into the valve handle part bush through a second lubricating oil channel 2010, an annular oil groove is formed in the valve handle part bush, and the lubricating oil is gathered in the annular oil groove of the valve handle part bush, so that the cam rotary valve 2 is lubricated.
As shown in fig. 9, a limiting boss 401 is disposed in the middle of the blocking cover 4, the limiting boss 401 extends into the central hole 5 of the housing, an oil inlet 402 is disposed on the blocking cover 4, a plurality of bolt holes are disposed on the blocking cover 4, and the blocking cover 4 and the housing 1 are fixedly connected through bolts.
The roller 309 connected with the plunger unit 3 needs to be lubricated, lubricating oil enters the oil inlet ring cavity 101 of the shell from the lubricating oil inlet 402 on the blocking cover, enters the outer shell oil duct 3010 through the oil through hole 3101 in the middle of the plunger fixing pin 310, then enters the pin shaft oil hole 3070, and then seeps out through the oil seepage hole 3080 on the bushing 308 to lubricate the roller 309.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all improvements made based on the concept, principle, structure and method of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A diesel engine air distributor, comprising: a shell, a cam rotary valve, a plurality of plunger valve units and a blocking cover,
the casing is provided with a central hole and a plurality of radial guide holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, one end face of the casing is provided with an air inlet annular groove, the other end face of the casing is provided with a plurality of air outlet ports, the blocking cover is fixedly connected to the casing, the blocking cover is provided with an air inlet communicated with the air inlet annular groove, the cam rotary valve is rotatably installed at the central hole, the radial guide holes are internally provided with the plunger units which can move along the radial direction and the fixed air distribution outlet parts, and a reset spring is arranged between the air distribution outlet parts and the plunger units;
the air inlet, the air inlet annular groove, the plunger unit and the air distribution outlet member form an air distribution passage, the air inlet annular groove, the plunger unit and the air release port form a residual gas discharge passage, and when the cam rotary valve rotates, the plunger unit selectively opens or closes the air distribution passage or the residual gas discharge passage.
2. The diesel air distributor of claim 1, wherein the plunger unit comprises: the spring mounting cavity is arranged in the shell, a control opening and a mounting long groove are formed in the side wall of the shell, and a roller is rotatably mounted at the bottom of the shell;
the plunger unit is connected with the shell through a plunger fixing pin, one end of the plunger fixing pin is fixedly connected with the shell, and the other end of the plunger fixing pin is inserted into an installation elongated slot of the plunger unit shell;
when the cam rotary valve pushes the plunger unit to compress the return spring, the casing of the plunger unit blocks the air release port, and the control port of the plunger unit is communicated with the air inlet annular groove;
when the cam rotary valve rotates to enable the reset spring to reset, the shell of the plunger unit opens the air release port, and the control port of the plunger unit is not communicated with the air inlet annular groove.
3. The air distributor for the diesel engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein a spring seat is disposed in the housing, one end of the return spring is fixedly mounted on the spring seat, the spring seat divides the housing into a top cavity and a bottom cavity, the top cavity is a spring mounting cavity for accommodating the return spring, the control opening is located at the housing corresponding to the spring mounting cavity, and the mounting elongated slot is located at the housing corresponding to the bottom cavity.
4. The diesel air distributor of claim 2, wherein the bottom end of the housing has a hinge hole, the roller is rotatably connected to the hinge hole by a pin, and a bushing is disposed between the hinge shaft and the roller.
5. The diesel engine air distributor of claim 4, wherein the diesel engine air distributor is provided with a first lubricating oil passage for lubricating the roller, the first lubricating oil passage comprises an oil inlet ring cavity formed on the housing, the plunger fixing pin is provided with an oil through hole communicated with the oil inlet ring cavity, the housing is provided with a housing oil passage communicated with the oil through hole, the housing oil passage is provided with a pin shaft oil hole communicated with the housing oil passage, and the bush is provided with an oil through hole.
6. The diesel air distributor of claim 2 wherein the cam rotary valve comprises a valve stem portion and a cam portion, the cam portion defining a balancing hole.
7. The diesel air distributor of claim 6, wherein the diesel air distributor is provided with a second oil passage for lubricating the valve shank, the second oil passage being opened in a radial direction of the housing and communicating with the central hole.
8. The diesel air distributor of claim 1, wherein the middle portion of the cap is provided with a limiting boss, the limiting boss extends into the central hole of the housing, the cap is provided with an oil inlet, the cap is provided with a plurality of bolt holes, and the cap and the housing are fixedly connected through bolts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120937154.9U CN215257984U (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Air distributor for diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120937154.9U CN215257984U (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Air distributor for diesel engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN215257984U true CN215257984U (en) | 2021-12-21 |
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ID=79453727
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202120937154.9U Active CN215257984U (en) | 2021-04-30 | 2021-04-30 | Air distributor for diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN215257984U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114320697A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Air distributor of engine and engine |
-
2021
- 2021-04-30 CN CN202120937154.9U patent/CN215257984U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114320697A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-12 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Air distributor of engine and engine |
| CN114320697B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-06-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Air distributor of engine and engine |
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