CN112555022A - Four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine - Google Patents
Four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112555022A CN112555022A CN202011579839.7A CN202011579839A CN112555022A CN 112555022 A CN112555022 A CN 112555022A CN 202011579839 A CN202011579839 A CN 202011579839A CN 112555022 A CN112555022 A CN 112555022A
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- valve
- mixed gas
- piston
- push rod
- cylinder body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
- F02B69/06—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different cycles, e.g. convertible from two-stroke to four stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a four-variable two-moving cylinder two-stroke engine, which comprises an upper half cylinder body, a lower half cylinder body, a piston and a moving cylinder, wherein the upper half cylinder body is connected with the lower half cylinder body; the upper half cylinder body is provided with an oil nozzle and an air inlet valve; spark plugs are arranged on two sides of the lower half cylinder body; the top of the piston is provided with two bulges; the movable cylinder is arranged in a combustion chamber between the piston and the lower half cylinder body; and the movable cylinder is provided with a ventilation structure communicated with the combustion chamber and the movable cylinder, and the ventilation structure can be triggered by a protrusion on the piston. Compared with the existing four-stroke engine, the four-stroke engine changes the four-stroke engine which needs to waste one circle of energy originally into two-stroke engine which can complete working by rotating one circle, thereby reducing unnecessary energy loss; meanwhile, because the number of strokes is reduced, the original design of the engine needing four cylinders can be reduced into two cylinders if the engine is used, and the space occupancy rate of the engine is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a four-variable two-moving cylinder two-stroke engine.
Background
Four strokes of the existing four-stroke engine are sequentially and independently completed in the working process, the piston needs to reciprocate twice every time the engine works, namely, the crankshaft connected with the piston connecting rod needs to rotate for two circles when the engine works for one time, wherein one circle consumes energy completely.
The prior two-stroke engine has the following defects: because there is no independent lubricating space, the engine oil needs to be mixed in gasoline to achieve the purpose of lubrication; in addition, the most fatal defect is that a part of unburned gas-oil mixture is discharged together with exhaust gas through an exhaust gas outlet in the scavenging process, so that the existing two-stroke exhaust gas emission is not up to standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the energy consumption problem that when a four-stroke piston does work, the piston reciprocates twice and a crankshaft rotates for two circles to do work once, namely, the engine only needs to rotate for one circle to do work once, namely, the engine is a new generation two-stroke engine integrating the advantages of the existing four-stroke and the existing two-stroke, the engine has violent output of the existing two-stroke and complete systems of the four-stroke, and the engine does not have the defects that the exhaust emission of waste engine oil of the existing two-stroke engine cannot reach the standard and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine comprising:
the upper half cylinder body is provided with an oil nozzle and an air inlet valve;
the spark plugs are arranged on two sides of the lower half cylinder body;
the piston can reciprocate in the cylinder body at the lower half part and forms a combustion chamber above the piston; the top of the piston is provided with two bulges for controlling the on-off of the ventilation structure;
a movable cylinder disposed in a combustion chamber between the piston and the lower half cylinder body and capable of reciprocating in the combustion chamber; the movable cylinder is provided with a ventilation structure for communicating the combustion chamber with the movable cylinder; the vent structure is capable of being triggered by a protrusion on the piston.
Further, the air inlet valve is arranged in the center of the end part, and the oil nozzle is arranged on one side of the air inlet valve; the air inlet valve comprises an auxiliary push rod, a push rod spring and a push rod baffle; the push rod baffle is arranged at the end part of the auxiliary push rod, the other end of the auxiliary push rod is reversely buckled on the air inlet in a sucker shape, and a push rod spring is arranged on the auxiliary push rod between the air inlet and the push rod baffle.
Furthermore, cooling devices are arranged on oil paths at the front ends of the air inlet valve and the oil nozzle.
Further, engine oil nozzles are installed on two sides of the stroke of the moving cylinder between the top of the upper half cylinder body and the top of the lower half cylinder body.
Further, the ventilation structure comprises a mixed gas ventilation hole, a mixed gas upper ventilation valve, a mixed gas lower ventilation valve, a mixed gas upper ventilation valve spring, a mixed gas lower ventilation valve spring, an exhaust gas valve spring, an exhaust gas channel opening and an exhaust gas channel; the movable cylinder is provided with an annular discontinuous mixed gas vent hole, a mixed gas upper vent valve is arranged in the mixed gas vent hole, and a mixed gas upper vent valve spring is arranged at the bottom of the mixed gas upper vent valve; a mixed gas lower vent valve mounting column is arranged in the center of the mixed gas vent hole, and the mixed gas lower vent valve is mounted on the mixed gas lower vent valve mounting column through a mixed gas lower vent valve spring; the mixed gas upper vent valve and the mixed gas lower vent valve are separated by an annular structure; the waste gas valve is arranged on the waste gas valve mounting column through a waste gas valve spring, the waste gas valve is used for blocking a waste gas channel in the moving cylinder, and the waste gas valve acts in the waste gas channel; the waste gas channel port is positioned at the end part of the waste gas channel and communicated with the combustion chamber.
Further, two ends of the waste gas channel are respectively communicated with the outer side of the cylinder body and the combustion chamber.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the existing four-stroke engine, the four-stroke engine changes the four-stroke engine which needs to waste one circle of energy originally into two-stroke engine which can complete working by rotating one circle, thereby reducing unnecessary energy loss; meanwhile, because the number of strokes is reduced, the original design of the engine needing four cylinders can be reduced into two cylinders if the engine is used, and the space occupancy rate of the engine is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the upper and lower portions of the moving cylinder, taken apart;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper half of the moving cylinder;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the upper half of the displacement cylinder;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the lower half of the moving cylinder;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the lower half of the moving cylinder;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the air vent valve on the mixture;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the air bleed valve under the mixture;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the air mix downdraft valve;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the exhaust valve configuration;
FIG. 11 is a sectional structural view of the waste valve;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the piston;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the intake and exhaust assist strokes;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the intake and exhaust strokes;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a compression stroke;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a combustion stroke configuration;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a cooling device
In the figure: 101-upper cylinder block, 102-lower cylinder block, 2-piston, 201-mixed gas lower vent valve opening protrusion, 202-exhaust gas channel closing protrusion, 3-moving cylinder, 301-mixed gas lower vent valve mounting post, 302-ring structure, 303-mixed gas vent valve groove, 304-exhaust gas valve slot, 4-air intake valve, 401-auxiliary push rod, 402-push rod spring, 403-push rod baffle, 5-oil nozzle, 6-spark plug, 7-vent structure, 711-mixed gas upper vent valve, 712-mixed gas upper vent valve spring, 713-mixed gas lower vent valve, 714-mixed gas lower vent valve spring, 715-mixed gas vent hole, 721-exhaust gas valve spring, 722-exhaust gas valve mounting post, 723-exhaust valve, 724-exhaust channel, 725-exhaust channel port, 726-oil jet, 730-cooling device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present invention is a four-variable two-cylinder two-stroke engine, as shown in fig. 1, comprising an upper half cylinder 101, a lower half cylinder 102, a piston 2 and a moving cylinder 3, wherein the piston 2 is connected to a connecting rod of the engine so as to be capable of reciprocating in the lower half cylinder 102. The moving cylinder 3 is disposed between the upper half cylinder body and the lower half cylinder body 102, the bottom end of which forms a combustion chamber with the lower half cylinder body 102 and the piston 2, and the moving cylinder 3 makes reciprocating motion in the combustion chamber for mixing combustible gas and air and isolating the mixture and exhaust gas. Spark plugs 6 are arranged on two sides of the cylinder body 1, an air inlet and an oil injection nozzle 5 are arranged on the upper half cylinder body 101, the oil injection nozzle 5 is arranged beside the air inlet, and an air inlet valve 4 is arranged on the inner side of the air inlet. The moving cylinder 3 is provided with a ventilation structure 7, a mixture lower ventilation valve 713 in the ventilation structure 7 can be triggered to open by a mixture lower ventilation valve opening protrusion 201 on the piston 2, an exhaust gas passage port 725 in the ventilation structure 7 can block and close an exhaust gas passage 724 by an exhaust gas passage closing protrusion 202 on the piston 2, and a mixture upper ventilation valve 711 and an exhaust gas valve 723 in the ventilation structure 7 are closed by the moving cylinder 3 in contact with the upper half cylinder 101, so that the engine normally operates, as shown in fig. 12, 13 and 16.
The air intake valve 4 is arranged at the center of the end of the upper half cylinder 101, and comprises an auxiliary push rod 401, a push rod spring 402 and a push rod baffle 403, wherein the push rod baffle 403 is arranged at the rear end of the auxiliary push rod 401, the other end of the auxiliary push rod 401 is reversely buckled on the air inlet in a sucker shape, so that the air inlet can be completely blocked, and the push rod spring 402 is arranged on the auxiliary push rod 401 between the air inlet and the push rod baffle 403. When air intake is required, the push rod spring 402 is compressed, separating the auxiliary push rod 401 from the air intake port.
As shown in fig. 2 to 11, the breather structure 7 of the moving cylinder 3 is divided into two parts for mounting a mixture breather valve and an exhaust valve 723, respectively; one part is that a discontinuous annular mixed gas vent hole 715 is opened on the moving cylinder 3, the mixed gas vent hole 715 is communicated with the mixed gas vent valve groove 303 on the moving cylinder 3, a mixed gas lower vent valve mounting column 301 is arranged in the moving cylinder and at the center of the annular mixed gas vent hole 715, so that the mixed gas lower vent valve 713 is mounted on the mixed gas lower vent valve mounting column 301 through a mixed gas lower vent valve spring 714; a mixture up-ventilation valve 711 is installed in the mixture ventilation hole 715, and the mixture up-ventilation valve 711 is installed in the mixture ventilation valve groove 303 by a mixture up-ventilation valve spring 712. An annular structure 302 is provided between the mixture upper vent valve 711 and the mixture lower vent valve 713 to divide them. The other part is that a waste gate valve 723 is installed in the moving cylinder 3, the waste gate valve 723 is installed on a waste gate valve installation post 722 through a waste gate valve spring 721, and a part of the waste gate valve 723 passes through a waste gate valve insertion groove 304 on the moving cylinder 3, so that the waste gate valve 723 can block a waste gate 724 in the moving cylinder 3. Disposing the exhaust passage 724 within the moving cylinder wall may substantially purge exhaust from the combustion chamber.
As shown in fig. 17, oil nozzles 726 are installed on both sides of the moving cylinder stroke between the top of the upper half cylinder 101 and the top of the lower half cylinder 102, and the moving cylinder 3 is lubricated by an independent lubrication system, so that the problem of waste oil generated by friction in the conventional two-stroke cylinder is solved.
The movable cylinder 3 is arranged, so that the combustible mixed gas and the waste gas are isolated in the processes of air suction and exhaust, and the problem that the tail gas emission does not reach the standard due to the fact that the combustible mixed gas and the waste gas are discharged when the combustible mixed gas is not combusted in the existing two-stroke process in the processes of air suction and exhaust is solved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
as shown in fig. 13 and 14, the present invention is advantageous in that both intake and exhaust strokes are performed simultaneously. When performing the intake and exhaust, the mixture lower ventilating valve 713 is closed by the mixture lower ventilating valve spring 714, the piston 2 moves upward while the intake valve 4 is opened to push the moving cylinder 3 to move downward by a short distance, at this time, the mixture upper ventilating valve 711 and the exhaust valve 723 pressed by the upper half cylinder 101 and the moving cylinder 3 are opened simultaneously by the mixture upper ventilating valve spring 712 and the exhaust valve spring 721 to communicate the exhaust gas passage port 725 with the outside, at this time, the moving cylinder 3 moves downward while entering the mixture and simultaneously discharges the exhaust gas through the exhaust gas passage 724 until the moving cylinder 3 and the piston 2 contact and exhaust gas discharge and the intake process are completed; the mixture under-vent valve 713 is closed by the mixture under-vent valve spring 714 so that the mixture under-vent valve 711 is closed with the mixture under-vent valve 713 by opening and closing so that the air and gasoline injected into the moving cylinder 3 do not enter the combustion chamber, and the exhaust gas generated after combustion can be substantially discharged during the intake process in which the piston 2 moves upward and the moving cylinder moves downward.
Because the space of the mixed gas in the moving cylinder 3 is slightly smaller than that of the whole combustion chamber, the moving cylinder needs to be pushed to downwards perform the air suction process by means of turbocharging or mechanical supercharging in the air suction process, the sucked gas and fuel need to be cooled in advance by a cooling device 730 shown in fig. 17, and the cooling device is arranged at an oil circuit at the front end of an oil nozzle and an air inlet valve, so that the moving cylinder 3 can be indirectly cooled, the problem that the moving cylinder cannot be cooled by using refrigerating fluid is solved, and the service life of parts like the moving cylinder is prolonged; secondly, the pressure of the sucked gas can be reduced, so that more oxygen can be sucked for full combustion.
When the piston 2 comes into contact with the moving cylinder 3, the intake and exhaust strokes are completely completed, entering the compression stroke.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, when the piston 2 contacts the moving cylinder 3, the mixture under-vent valve opening protrusion 201 of the piston 2 pushes the mixture under-vent valve 713 to open, and the mixture up-vent valve 711 is also in an open state at this time, so that the air-fuel mixture in the moving cylinder 3 can enter the combustion chamber through the vent valve. Although the exhaust valve 723 is in the open state at this time, since the exhaust passage closing protrusion 202 blocks the exhaust passage port 725, there is no phenomenon that the mixture gas just introduced into the combustion chamber is discharged through the exhaust passage 724 via the exhaust passage port 725. The piston 2 continues to move upwards and the mixture in the moving cylinder 3 is compressed into the combustion chamber until the compression stroke ends when the piston 2 and the moving cylinder 3 reach top dead center. At the end of compression, the mixture upper ventilation valve 711 is forced to close when the moving cylinder 3 is in contact with the upper half cylinder 101, and the exhaust valve 723 is similarly closed. The compression stroke ends and the combustion stroke is entered.
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, when the engine is in the combustion stroke, the moving cylinder 3 is still in close contact with the end of the upper cylinder block 101 by the impact force generated by combustion, and at this time, the mixed gas upper intake valve 711 is in a closed state with the moving cylinder and the upper cylinder block 101 not separated from each other, and similarly, the exhaust valve 723 is also in a closed state, and blocks the exhaust passage 724. The piston 2 is pushed down by the impact of the combustion in the combustion chamber due to the closing of all the gas outlets, and the mixture under-vent valve 713 is also changed to a closed state by the action of the mixture under-vent valve spring 714 at a moment when the piston 2 is separated from the moving cylinder 3 by the impact of the combustion. When the piston 2 is about to reciprocate when moving to the bottom dead center, the air intake valve 4 pushes the piston 2 downward by a distance that causes the mixture intake valve 711 and the exhaust valve 723 to open by the mixture intake valve spring 712 and the exhaust valve spring 721 when opening to inject air. The piston moves down to bottom dead center in the closed space at which point the combustion stroke ends, re-entering the intake and exhaust strokes.
It is to be understood that the application of the patent is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the patent appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine comprising:
the upper half cylinder body is provided with an oil nozzle and an air inlet valve;
the spark plugs are arranged on two sides of the lower half cylinder body;
the piston can reciprocate in the cylinder body at the lower half part and forms a combustion chamber above the piston; the top of the piston is provided with two bulges for controlling the on-off of the ventilation structure;
a movable cylinder disposed in a combustion chamber between the piston and the lower half cylinder body and capable of reciprocating in the combustion chamber; the movable cylinder is provided with a ventilation structure for communicating the combustion chamber with the movable cylinder; the vent structure is capable of being triggered by a protrusion on the piston.
2. A four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein: the air inlet valve is arranged in the center of the end part, and the oil nozzle is arranged on one side of the air inlet valve; the air inlet valve comprises an auxiliary push rod, a push rod spring and a push rod baffle; the push rod baffle is arranged at the end part of the auxiliary push rod, the other end of the auxiliary push rod is reversely buckled on the air inlet in a sucker shape, and a push rod spring is arranged on the auxiliary push rod between the air inlet and the push rod baffle.
3. A four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein: and cooling devices are arranged on oil paths at the front ends of the air inlet valve and the oil nozzle.
4. A four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein: and engine oil nozzles are arranged on two sides of the stroke of the moving cylinder between the top of the upper half cylinder body and the top of the lower half cylinder body.
5. A four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine according to claim 1, wherein: the ventilation structure comprises a mixed gas ventilation hole, a mixed gas upper ventilation valve, a mixed gas lower ventilation valve, a mixed gas upper ventilation valve spring, a mixed gas lower ventilation valve spring, a waste gas valve spring, a waste gas channel opening and a waste gas channel; the movable cylinder is provided with an annular discontinuous mixed gas vent hole, a mixed gas upper vent valve is arranged in the mixed gas vent hole, and a mixed gas upper vent valve spring is arranged at the bottom of the mixed gas upper vent valve; a mixed gas lower vent valve mounting column is arranged in the center of the mixed gas vent hole, and the mixed gas lower vent valve is mounted on the mixed gas lower vent valve mounting column through a mixed gas lower vent valve spring; the mixed gas upper vent valve and the mixed gas lower vent valve are separated by an annular structure; the waste gas valve is arranged on the waste gas valve mounting column through a waste gas valve spring, the waste gas valve is used for blocking a waste gas channel in the moving cylinder, and the waste gas valve acts in the waste gas channel; the waste gas channel port is positioned at the end part of the waste gas channel and communicated with the combustion chamber.
6. A four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine according to claim 5, wherein: and two ends of the waste gas channel are respectively communicated with the outer side of the cylinder body and the combustion chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011579839.7A CN112555022B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011579839.7A CN112555022B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112555022A true CN112555022A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
| CN112555022B CN112555022B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011579839.7A Active CN112555022B (en) | 2020-12-28 | 2020-12-28 | Four-to-two moving cylinder two-stroke engine |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0200714A2 (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-11-05 | Dr. Brücker & Zeman SOFT COMBUSTION SYSTEMS Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts | Internal-combustion piston engine |
| CN1163342A (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1997-10-29 | 汪文才 | Reciprocating separable piston type three-stroke internal combustion engine |
| CN102434278A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-05-02 | 郑安庆 | Three-stroke reciprocating piston type engine |
| DE102011121241A1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Peter Bernhard Kathmann | Cylinder head of three-stroke combustion engine, has case valve provided to separate piston and annular spaces at first clock cycle of cylinder, positioned on piston surface at second cycle and arranged in seat at compression phase |
| CN104791077A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-07-22 | 大阳通用机械有限公司 | Novel two-stroke stratified scavenging engine |
| CN111706443A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 摩登汽车有限公司 | Crankcase assembly and two-stroke engine |
-
2020
- 2020-12-28 CN CN202011579839.7A patent/CN112555022B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0200714A2 (en) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-11-05 | Dr. Brücker & Zeman SOFT COMBUSTION SYSTEMS Gesellschaft bürgerlichen Rechts | Internal-combustion piston engine |
| CN1163342A (en) * | 1997-04-29 | 1997-10-29 | 汪文才 | Reciprocating separable piston type three-stroke internal combustion engine |
| CN102434278A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-05-02 | 郑安庆 | Three-stroke reciprocating piston type engine |
| DE102011121241A1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-06-20 | Peter Bernhard Kathmann | Cylinder head of three-stroke combustion engine, has case valve provided to separate piston and annular spaces at first clock cycle of cylinder, positioned on piston surface at second cycle and arranged in seat at compression phase |
| CN104791077A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-07-22 | 大阳通用机械有限公司 | Novel two-stroke stratified scavenging engine |
| CN111706443A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-25 | 摩登汽车有限公司 | Crankcase assembly and two-stroke engine |
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| CN112555022B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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