CN110193732B - Ram structure of machine tool - Google Patents

Ram structure of machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110193732B
CN110193732B CN201910583968.4A CN201910583968A CN110193732B CN 110193732 B CN110193732 B CN 110193732B CN 201910583968 A CN201910583968 A CN 201910583968A CN 110193732 B CN110193732 B CN 110193732B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ram
hole
machine tool
frame body
sliding block
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Active
Application number
CN201910583968.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110193732A (en
Inventor
屈宗权
曾大庆
胡世衡
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Worldwide Industrial Machinery (Dongguan) Ltd
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Worldwide Industrial Machinery (Dongguan) Ltd
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Priority to CN201910583968.4A priority Critical patent/CN110193732B/en
Publication of CN110193732A publication Critical patent/CN110193732A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/017Arrangements of ways
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine tool structures, in particular to a ram structure of a machine tool, wherein two sides of the ram are respectively provided with a guide rail which is vertically arranged, a first sliding block and a second sliding block on a frame body are respectively movably matched and connected with the guide rails on two sides of the ram, so that the ram can slide relative to the frame body in the vertical direction, a mounting base on the frame body is provided with a first inclined surface which is obliquely arranged with a vertical surface, the second sliding block is connected with a push plate, the push plate is provided with a second inclined surface which is obliquely arranged with the vertical surface, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface can be in relatively sliding contact, and the force is applied to push the push plate and enable the push plate to slide relative to the mounting base in the vertical direction, so that the sliding block can move close to or deviate from the guide rails, the connection tightness degree of the sliding block and the guide rails can be quickly and conveniently adjusted, and the mounting step of the machine tool is simplified.

Description

Ram structure of machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of machine tool structures, in particular to a ram structure of a machine tool.
Background
The existing part of gantry machine tool has a ram capable of moving along the vertical direction on a beam, and in general, the movement between the beam and the ram is realized through a guide rail and sliding block mechanism. In order to prevent the ram from swinging around a horizontal axis during operation, a plurality of sliding blocks which are arranged along the vertical direction are arranged on the same guide rail, in particular, the guide rail is arranged on the ram, a plurality of sliding blocks are arranged on the movable cross beam, and a base plate is arranged between the sliding blocks and the movable cross beam so as to ensure that the sliding blocks are tightly pressed on the guide rail, and further abnormal swinging of the ram during operation is avoided. When the gantry machine tool is installed, if the sliding block cannot be pressed on the guide rail, the backing plate with thicker thickness is replaced, if the sliding block is tightly combined with the guide rail, the backing plate is taken out and polished to reduce the thickness of the backing plate, and then the backing plate is installed between the sliding block and the movable cross beam. The steps are repeated on the sliding blocks and the backing plates thereof, a great amount of installation time is consumed by repeatedly disassembling the backing plates, repeatedly polishing the backing plates and replacing the backing plates, and the parts are repeatedly disassembled and assembled to further accelerate the aging of the parts.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a ram structure of a machine tool, so as to solve the problem of complicated adjustment steps of a guide rail and slide block mechanism of the existing machine tool ram.
Based on the structure, the invention provides a ram structure of a machine tool, which comprises a jacking mechanism, a ram and a frame body, wherein two sides of the ram are respectively provided with a guide rail which is vertically arranged, the frame body is provided with a first sliding block and a second sliding block which are oppositely arranged, and the first sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively and movably matched and connected with the guide rails at two sides of the ram; the jacking mechanism further comprises a jacking plate and a mounting base fixedly arranged on the frame body, a first inclined plane which is obliquely arranged with the vertical surface is arranged on the mounting base, a second inclined plane which is obliquely arranged with the vertical surface is arranged on the jacking plate, the first inclined plane is slidably attached to the second inclined plane, and the second sliding block is connected with the jacking plate.
Preferably, the pushing plate is provided with a limiting slot, the mounting base is provided with a limiting piece, and the limiting piece is embedded in the limiting slot and can slide relatively in the vertical direction.
Preferably, the mounting base is provided with a first mounting hole, the frame body is provided with a second mounting hole, and one end of the limiting piece penetrates through the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole and the limiting slot hole and is connected with the second sliding block.
Preferably, the tightening mechanism further comprises a screw, a screw hole is formed in the mounting base, the screw is movably matched and connected with the screw hole, and the tail end of the screw is abutted to the pushing plate.
Preferably, the screw hole and the screw rod are positioned below the pushing plate.
Preferably, the middle part of the frame body is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the top surface and the bottom surface of the frame body and is rectangular, the first sliding block and the mounting base are respectively arranged on two hole walls which are oppositely arranged in the through hole, and the ram penetrates into the through hole.
Preferably, the device further comprises a ball screw mechanism, wherein the ball screw mechanism comprises a nut arranged on the ram and a screw rod arranged on the frame body, and the nut is movably matched and connected with the screw rod.
Preferably, the device further comprises a piston cylinder pushing mechanism, wherein the piston cylinder pushing mechanism comprises a cylinder body arranged on the frame body and a piston arranged in the cylinder body, and the piston is connected with the ram through a transmission rod.
Preferably, the number of the first sliding blocks is multiple, and the multiple first sliding blocks are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the frame body.
Preferably, the number of the second sliding blocks is multiple, and the second sliding blocks are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the frame body.
According to the ram structure of the machine tool, the guide rails which are vertically arranged are arranged on two sides of the ram, the first sliding block and the second sliding block on the frame body are respectively movably matched with the guide rails which are connected to two sides of the ram, so that the ram can slide relative to the frame body in the vertical direction, the mounting base on the frame body is provided with the first inclined surface which is obliquely arranged with the vertical surface, the second sliding block is connected with the pushing plate, the pushing plate is provided with the second inclined surface which is obliquely arranged with the vertical surface, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface can be relatively and slidably abutted, and the pushing plate is pushed by applying force and can slide relative to the mounting base in the vertical direction, so that the sliding block can move close to or deviate from the guide rails, and the connection tightness degree of the sliding block and the guide rails can be rapidly and conveniently adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front schematic view of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view schematic of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a layout of a plurality of sliders of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic overall cross-sectional view of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the second slider, the thrust plate and the mounting base of the ram structure of the machine tool according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tightening mechanism of a ram structure of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, a jacking mechanism; 11. a mounting base; 111. a first inclined surface; 112. a limiting piece; 113. a first mounting hole; 114. a screw hole; 12. a push plate; 121. a second inclined surface; 122. limiting slot holes; 13. a screw; 2. a ram; 3. a frame body; 31. a second mounting hole; 32. a through hole; 4. a guide rail; 5. a first slider; 6. a second slider; 7. a ball screw mechanism; 8. a piston cylinder pushing mechanism.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, there is schematically shown a ram structure of a machine tool according to the present invention, which includes a tightening mechanism 1, a ram 2, and a frame 3, wherein the frame 3 may refer to a movable beam of a gantry machine tool, or may refer to a structure mounted on the movable beam. Both sides of the ram 2 are provided with vertically arranged guide rails 4, i.e. the guide rails 4 are arranged along the length direction of the ram 2. The frame body 3 is provided with a first slide block 5 and a second slide block 6 which are oppositely arranged, the first slide block 5 and the second slide block 6 are respectively movably matched and connected with guide rails 4 on two sides of the ram 2, the first slide block 5 and the second slide block 6 are respectively provided with a plurality of first slide blocks 5, and the plurality of first slide blocks 5 are respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the frame body 3 (as shown in figure 6); similarly, the plurality of second sliders 6 are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the frame 3, and the plurality of first sliders 5 and the plurality of second sliders 6 can prevent the ram 2 from swinging about a horizontal axis, and the key for preventing the ram 2 from swinging about a horizontal axis is how to press the first sliders 5 and the second sliders 6 against the guide rail 4. As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the tightening mechanism 1 further includes a pushing plate 12 and a mounting base 11, and the mounting base 11 is fixedly connected to the frame 3. The mounting base 11 has a first inclined surface 111 inclined to the vertical surface, and the push plate 12 has a second inclined surface 121 inclined to the vertical surface, and the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 121 are parallel to each other and are bonded together so as to be slidable relative to each other. The second slider 6 is connected to the pushing plate 12, so that the pushing plate 12 is driven to slide in the vertical direction relative to the mounting base 11 by the application of force, and the connection tightness between the second slider 6 and the guide rail 4 can be adjusted. Further, since the connection between the push plate 12 and the mounting base 11 is in surface contact (the first inclined surface 111 is bonded to the second inclined surface 121), the tightening mechanism 1 can receive a large load.
Specifically, one side wall of the mounting base 11 is a first inclined plane 111, and a side wall of the mounting base 11 opposite to the first inclined plane 111 is fixedly connected to the frame body 3; one side wall of the pushing plate 12 is a second inclined plane 121, and the side wall of the pushing plate 12 opposite to the second inclined plane 121 is connected to the second slider 6.
The ejector plate 12 is provided with a limit slot 122, the hole pattern of the limit slot 122 is preferably waist-round, the mounting base 11 is provided with a limit piece 112, the limit piece 112 can adopt the existing bolts, and the limit piece 112 is embedded in the limit slot 122 and can slide relatively in the vertical direction. The first mounting hole 113 is formed in the mounting base 11, the second mounting hole 31 is formed in the frame body 3, one end of the limiting piece 112 penetrates through the first mounting hole 113, the second mounting hole 31 and the limiting slot hole 122 and is connected to the second sliding block 6, the limiting piece 112 is used for fixedly connecting the mounting base 11 to the frame body 3, and meanwhile the limiting piece 112 can limit the degree of freedom of the pushing plate 12.
In order to facilitate the driving of the pushing plate 12 to slide in the vertical direction relative to the mounting base 11, the tightening mechanism 1 further comprises a screw rod 13, the mounting base 11 is provided with a screw hole 114, the screw rod 13 is movably connected to the screw hole 114 in a matching manner, and the tail end of the screw rod 13 abuts against the pushing plate 12, so that the pushing plate 12 can slide relative to the mounting base 11 by pushing and rotating the screw rod 13 by force to enable the screw rod 13 to move relative to the mounting base 11 along the axial direction of the screw rod 13. Wherein, the big end of the push plate 12 is downward (on the push plate 12, the side wall connected with the slope top of the second inclined plane 121 is the big end, the side wall connected with the slope bottom of the second inclined plane 121 is the small end), the small end of the push plate 12 is upward, and the screw hole 114 and the screw 13 are located below the push plate 12.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the middle part of the frame body 3 is provided with a through hole 32 penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface thereof and being rectangular, so that the frame body 3 is in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the first slider 5 and the mounting base 11 are respectively arranged on two hole walls oppositely arranged in the through hole 32, and the ram 2 penetrates into the through hole 32. The frame body 3 with the shape of the Chinese character 'hui' and the ram 2 penetrating the through hole 32 can make the stress of the movable cross beam more balanced (compared with the prior art in which the ram 2 is mounted on one side of the movable cross beam). As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 5, the ram structure of the machine tool further comprises a ball screw mechanism 7 and a piston cylinder pushing mechanism 8, wherein the ball screw mechanism 7 comprises a nut arranged on the ram 2 and a screw rod arranged on the frame body 3, the nut is movably matched and connected with the screw rod, a driving motor is connected with the screw rod and drives the screw rod to rotate, and then the ram 2 is driven to move relative to the frame body 3. The piston cylinder pushing mechanism 8 comprises a cylinder body arranged in the frame body 3 and a piston arranged in the cylinder body, the piston is connected to the ram 2 through a transmission rod, high-pressure gas or hydraulic oil can be filled in the cylinder body, and the gravity of the ram 2 can be counteracted by the pushing force generated by the cylinder body and the piston, so that the ball screw mechanism 7 can drive the ram 2 to move more easily. In this embodiment, the number of ball screw mechanisms 7 and the number of piston cylinder pushing mechanisms 8 are two, the cross section of the ram 2 is rectangular, the two ball screw mechanisms 7 are respectively located at two sides of the ram 2, and the two piston cylinder pushing mechanisms 8 are respectively located at two sides of the ram 2.
In summary, according to the ram structure of the machine tool of the present invention, the two sides of the ram 2 are respectively provided with the vertically arranged guide rails 4, the first slider 5 and the second slider 6 on the frame 3 are respectively movably matched and connected to the guide rails 4 on two sides of the ram 2, so that the ram 2 can slide relative to the frame 3 in the vertical direction, the mounting base 11 on the frame 3 is provided with the first inclined surface 111 obliquely arranged with the vertical surface, the second slider 6 is connected to the push plate 12, the push plate 12 is provided with the second inclined surface 121 obliquely arranged with the vertical surface, the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 121 can be relatively slidably abutted, and the force is applied to push the push plate 12 and slide relative to the mounting base 11 in the vertical direction, so that the slider can move close to or away from the guide rails 4, and the connection tightness degree of the slider and the guide rails 4 can be quickly and conveniently adjusted.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The ram structure of the machine tool is characterized by comprising a jacking mechanism, a ram and a frame body, wherein two sides of the ram are respectively provided with a guide rail which is vertically arranged, the frame body is provided with a first sliding block and a second sliding block which are oppositely arranged, and the first sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively and movably matched and connected with the guide rails at two sides of the ram; the jacking mechanism further comprises a jacking plate and a mounting base fixedly arranged on the frame body, a first inclined plane obliquely arranged with the vertical surface is arranged on the mounting base, a second inclined plane obliquely arranged with the vertical surface is arranged on the jacking plate, the first inclined plane is slidably attached to the second inclined plane, and the second sliding block is connected with the jacking plate;
The pushing plate is provided with a limiting slot hole, the mounting base is provided with a limiting piece, and the limiting piece is embedded in the limiting slot hole and can slide relatively in the vertical direction;
The mounting base is provided with a first mounting hole, the frame body is provided with a second mounting hole, and one end of the limiting piece penetrates through the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole and the limiting slot hole and is connected with the second sliding block;
the jacking mechanism further comprises a screw, a screw hole is formed in the mounting base, the screw is movably matched and connected with the screw hole, and the tail end of the screw is abutted to the jacking plate.
2. The ram structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the screw hole and the screw are located below the thrust plate.
3. The ram structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a rectangular through hole penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the frame body is formed in the middle of the frame body, the first slider and the mounting base are respectively arranged on two hole walls which are oppositely arranged in the through hole, and the ram penetrates into the through hole.
4. The ram structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a ball screw mechanism including a nut provided to the ram and a screw provided to the frame, the nut being movably coupled to the screw.
5. The ram structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a piston cylinder pushing mechanism including a cylinder body provided in the frame body and a piston located in the cylinder body, the piston being connected to the ram through a transmission rod.
6. The ram structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the first sliders are provided, and the plurality of the first sliders are provided at the top and bottom of the frame, respectively.
7. The ram structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the second sliders are provided, and the plurality of the second sliders are provided at the top and bottom of the frame, respectively.
CN201910583968.4A 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Ram structure of machine tool Active CN110193732B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910583968.4A CN110193732B (en) 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Ram structure of machine tool

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910583968.4A CN110193732B (en) 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Ram structure of machine tool

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CN110193732A CN110193732A (en) 2019-09-03
CN110193732B true CN110193732B (en) 2024-05-03

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201792198U (en) * 2010-04-29 2011-04-13 济南二机床集团有限公司 Square ram
KR20110109042A (en) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 (주)기흥기계 Sliding ram for vertical lathe
CN102528133A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-04 杭州兴源过滤科技股份有限公司 Numerical control planer type milling machine
CN203266284U (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-11-06 宋宜德 Z-axis ram guide rail motion structure
CN204800347U (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-11-25 天津天绿健科技有限公司 Integral feed mechanism of mariages pole
CN106112566A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-11-16 天津百利机械装备集团有限公司中央研究院 A kind of guide rail structure of horizontal Machining centers ram
CN108356545A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-08-03 环球工业机械(东莞)有限公司 Ram anti-dumping reversed structure
CN208801034U (en) * 2018-07-20 2019-04-30 常州协润精机有限公司 Determine the four line rail arragement construction of square ram of beam gantry cnc boring and milling machine
CN210160740U (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-03-20 环球工业机械(东莞)有限公司 Ram structure of machine tool

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20110109042A (en) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-06 (주)기흥기계 Sliding ram for vertical lathe
CN201792198U (en) * 2010-04-29 2011-04-13 济南二机床集团有限公司 Square ram
CN102528133A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-04 杭州兴源过滤科技股份有限公司 Numerical control planer type milling machine
CN203266284U (en) * 2013-06-04 2013-11-06 宋宜德 Z-axis ram guide rail motion structure
CN204800347U (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-11-25 天津天绿健科技有限公司 Integral feed mechanism of mariages pole
CN106112566A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-11-16 天津百利机械装备集团有限公司中央研究院 A kind of guide rail structure of horizontal Machining centers ram
CN108356545A (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-08-03 环球工业机械(东莞)有限公司 Ram anti-dumping reversed structure
CN208801034U (en) * 2018-07-20 2019-04-30 常州协润精机有限公司 Determine the four line rail arragement construction of square ram of beam gantry cnc boring and milling machine
CN210160740U (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-03-20 环球工业机械(东莞)有限公司 Ram structure of machine tool

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