CN114542064B

CN114542064B - Splitting machine for mine excavation

Info

Publication number: CN114542064B
Application number: CN202210206569.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙文珍; 黄明亮; 张庆
Original assignee: Xuzhou Benlan Machinery Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuzhou Benlan Machinery Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-04
Filing date: 2022-03-04
Publication date: 2023-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-04
Also published as: CN114542064A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mining equipment, and discloses a splitter for mine excavation, which comprises a base and a controller, wherein an oil cylinder is arranged in the base, a main shaft rod is connected in the oil cylinder in a sliding manner, the top end of the main shaft rod is connected with a sliding plug, the bottom end of the main shaft rod is connected with a middle wedge block, and the periphery of the middle wedge block is provided with a side wedge block. According to the invention, the middle wedge block capable of rotating relative to the side wedge block is arranged, the rotation of the middle wedge block is used for replacing the rotation of the side wedge block, the position of the crack can be freely set under the matching of the secondary splitting block and the middle wedge block, the mode of setting the crack position by rotating the side wedge block in the prior art is abandoned, the side wedge block is prevented from being abraded due to collision and friction with the inner wall of a drill hole when the side wedge block rotates, the secondary splitting block is pushed to continuously impact the preset crack position by matching with the push plate, the forming of the crack is promoted by utilizing the shearing force, and the efficiency of splitting the rock is improved.

Description

Splitting machine for mine excavation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining equipment, in particular to a splitter for mine excavation.

Background

The hydraulic splitter is a device which changes axial hydraulic thrust into transverse splitting force by using the common physical wedge and hydraulic transmission principle. The hydraulic splitter is composed of a power supply system (pump station), a control element, a hydraulic pipeline, a hydraulic cylinder, a wedge block assembly and the like. When the mine rock splitting device works, high-pressure oil is provided for a system by the pump, enters a rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the control element and the hydraulic pipeline, pushes the piston to move downwards, and converts longitudinal thrust into transverse splitting force through amplification of the wedge block assembly so as to separate the mine rock. The wedge assembly consists of a middle wedge and two half-moon shaped wedge blocks. When the splitting tool is used, a plurality of drill holes are drilled on the surface of the rock in advance, the splitting head is inserted into the drill holes, and the middle wedge block is ejected out through the axial movement of the piston to force the two half-moon-shaped splitting blocks to expand transversely so as to achieve the purpose of splitting the rock.

The rock breaking generally comprises the steps of applying a tensile force and a shearing force to the rock, applying a pushing force in opposite directions to the inner wall of a drilled hole through a splitting block in the prior art so as to enable the rock to be fractured, wherein the rock breaking is realized by using the tensile force, when the splitting block applies an acting force to the inner wall of the drilled hole of the rock, the rock breaking is only performed in two symmetrical directions, and no acting force is applied to other positions, particularly the preset fracture positions of the rock, so that the fracture forming efficiency is slow; in the prior art, after the crack in one direction is formed, the position of the splitting block needs to be adjusted so as to adjust the direction of the crack, but the splitting block is deep into the drilled hole, so that the direction is not easy to adjust due to large weight, and the surface of the splitting block is abraded due to collision and friction of the inner wall of the drilled hole when the splitting block is rotated.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing splitting machine for mine excavation in the background technology in the using process, the invention provides the splitting machine for mine excavation, which has the advantages of simple and quick adjustment of the crack direction, high crack forming efficiency and small abrasion of the outer wall of a split block, and solves the problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a splitter for mine excavation, includes pedestal and controller, the internally mounted of pedestal has the hydro-cylinder, the inside sliding connection of hydro-cylinder has the main shaft pole, and the top of main shaft pole is connected with the sliding plug, the bottom of main shaft pole is connected with middle voussoir, the periphery of middle voussoir is equipped with the side voussoir, the bottom of pedestal is equipped with the reset structure that makes the side voussoir reset, the inside of pedestal is equipped with the rotatory rotary device of drive middle voussoir, the inside of middle voussoir is equipped with bulldozes the subassembly, the inside of hydro-cylinder is provided with the drive assembly who exerts the effort for bulldozing the subassembly.

Preferably, the outer wall of the middle wedge block is provided with inner grooves, the number of the inner grooves is not less than four and is even, and the number of the pushing and pressing assemblies is two and is respectively located at two symmetrical inner grooves.

Preferably, the side wedge block comprises a main wedge block and a secondary wedge block, the main wedge block and the secondary wedge block slide along the bottom surface of the seat body, the outer wall of one side, away from the center, of the main wedge block is arc-shaped, the outer wall of one side, away from the center, of the secondary wedge block is conical, the main wedge block and the secondary wedge block are distributed in a staggered mode, one side, close to the center, of the secondary wedge block is matched with the inner groove, and the number of the secondary wedge blocks is the same as that of the inner groove.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a middle magnet sliding plug, a fixed electromagnet, a pressure gauge and a pressure gauge, the middle magnet sliding plug is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft rod, the outer wall of the middle magnet sliding plug slides along the inner wall of the oil cylinder, the fixed electromagnet is fixed at the lower end inside the oil cylinder, a limiting block is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cylinder, the pressure gauge is installed inside the oil cylinder and is close to the limiting block, and the pressure gauge is arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the secondary splitting block.

Preferably, a central oil hole is formed in the main shaft rod, a side oil hole is formed in the upper end of the outer wall of the main shaft rod, the central oil hole extends into the middle wedge block, and hydraulic oil between the sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod and the sliding plug of the middle magnet is filled in the oil cylinder.

Preferably, the number of the pushing and pressing assemblies is two, each pushing and pressing assembly comprises a side oil groove, a T-shaped sliding plug and a push plate, the side oil grooves are formed in the middle wedge block and are symmetrical with the central axis of the middle wedge block, the T-shaped sliding plugs are connected in the side oil grooves in a sliding mode, one end, far away from the center of the middle wedge block, of each T-shaped sliding plug is fixedly connected with the push plate, the push plates are arc-shaped, the push plates are matched with the outer walls of the secondary splitting blocks, and the side oil grooves are communicated with the central oil holes.

Preferably, the fixed electromagnet, the pressure gauge and the pressure gauge are all connected with a controller, and the controller realizes the conversion of the secondary splitting block between reciprocating motion and unidirectional movement by setting the current direction of the fixed electromagnet.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the middle wedge block capable of rotating relative to the side wedge block is arranged, the rotation of the middle wedge block is used for replacing the rotation of the side wedge block, the position of the crack can be freely set under the matching of the secondary splitting block and the middle wedge block, the mode of setting the position of the crack by rotating the side wedge block in the prior art is abandoned, the side wedge block is prevented from being collided and rubbed with the inner wall of a drill hole when the side wedge block rotates, the secondary splitting block is pushed to continuously cut the preset crack by matching with the push plate, the forming of the crack is promoted by utilizing the shearing force, and the efficiency of splitting the rock is improved.

2. The invention adjusts the direction of current led into the fixed electromagnet through the controller, changes the moving direction of the push plate, and then realizes the conversion of the motion form of the secondary splitting block positioned at the pushing component, so that the secondary splitting block not only achieves the aim of chiseling the crack of the rock to promote the forming of the crack, but also is inserted into the crack after the crack appears, and simultaneously realizes the effects of preventing the crack from closing and further promoting the forming of the crack under the shearing force.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view at A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the center wedge and the side wedges of the present invention in a borehole;

FIG. 4 is a top view at B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a top view at C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the center wedge of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the side wedge of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base body; 2. an oil cylinder; 3. a main shaft rod; 301. a side oil hole; 302. a central oil hole; 4. a middle wedge block; 401. an inner groove; 5. side edge wedges; 501. a main splitting block; 502. secondary splitting; 6. a reset structure; 7. a rotating device; 8. a drive assembly; 801. a middle magnet sliding plug; 802. fixing the electromagnet; 803. a pressure gauge; 804. a pressure gauge; 9. a pushing assembly; 901. a side oil groove; 902. a T-shaped sliding plug; 903. pushing a plate; 10. drilling; 1001. and (4) cracking.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a splitter for mine excavation includes a base body 1, an oil cylinder 2 is installed inside the base body 1, a main shaft rod 3 is slidably connected inside the oil cylinder 2, one end of the main shaft rod 3 penetrates through the lower end of the oil cylinder 2 and is connected with a middle wedge block 4, the lower end of the base body 1 is slidably connected with a side wedge block 5, the middle wedge block 4 slides along the inside of the side wedge block 5, a driving assembly 8 is arranged inside the oil cylinder 2, the driving assembly 8 includes a middle magnet sliding plug 801, a fixed electromagnet 802, a pressure gauge 803 and a pressure gauge 804, the middle magnet sliding plug 801 is movably sleeved on the periphery of the main shaft rod 3, the outer wall of the middle magnet sliding plug 801 slides along the inner wall of the oil cylinder 2, the fixed electromagnet 802 is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the oil cylinder 2 and is located below the middle magnet sliding plug 801, a limiting block is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cylinder 2, the limiting block is used for limiting the lowest position of a sliding plug connected with the top end of the main shaft rod 3 and capable of moving downwards, hydraulic oil is filled above the sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod 3, the middle magnet sliding plug 801 and the sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod 3 are filled with hydraulic oil, the middle magnet sliding plug 801 moves between the fixed electromagnet 802 and the limiting block, the splitter further comprises a controller, not shown in the figure, the fixed electromagnet 802 is connected with the controller, the controller is used for controlling the magnitude of current led into the fixed electromagnet 802 and the frequency of current on-off and recording the time point of current on-off, a pressure gauge 803 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the oil cylinder 2 and located at the limiting block, and the pressure gauge 803 is used for monitoring the pressure of the hydraulic oil in a cavity between the middle magnet sliding plug 801 and the sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod 3;

referring to fig. 2, the side wedge 5 includes a main wedge 501 and a sub wedge 502, the main wedge 501 and the sub wedge 502 are distributed in a staggered manner, referring to fig. 1, the inner walls of the side wedge 5 are all inclined arc surfaces, the inner walls of the side wedge 5 are attached to part of the inner wall of the middle wedge 4, the whole middle wedge 4 is conical, and when the middle wedge 4 moves downward, the side wedge 5 is extruded to move to both sides, so that the inner wall of the drill hole 10 is extruded, and further, a crack 1001 is generated on the drill hole 10; in the application, the area of the outer surface of one side of the main splitting block 501, which is far away from the center, is larger, the area of the outer surface of one side of the secondary splitting block 502, which is far away from the center, is smaller, and is similar to a cone, the main splitting block 501 is mainly contacted with the inner wall of the drill hole 10, so that the drill hole 10 is expanded to generate the crack 1001 by utilizing the movement of the symmetrical main splitting block 501 towards the symmetrical two sides of the drill hole 10, the secondary splitting block 502 is mainly used for continuously striking at the preset crack 1001 to promote the generation of the crack 1001 when the main splitting block 501 presses the inner wall of the drill hole 10, and is inserted into the crack 1001 after the crack 1001, so that the crack 1001 is prevented from being closed and continuously extending into the crack 1001, and the crack 1001 is further promoted to be expanded;

referring to fig. 2, 3 and 7, a central oil hole 302 is formed in a main shaft 3, referring to fig. 1, a side oil hole 301 is formed in a side wall of an upper end of the main shaft 3, referring to fig. 6, the central oil hole 302 extends into a middle wedge 4, a side oil groove 901 perpendicular to a central axis is formed in the middle wedge 4, the side oil groove 901 is communicated with the central oil hole 302 and the side oil hole 301, a T-shaped sliding plug 902 is slidably connected in the side oil groove 901, a push plate 903 is connected to one end of the T-shaped sliding plug 902 extending to the outer side of the side oil groove 901, the cross section of the push plate 903 is arc-shaped and is attached to the outer wall of the secondary wedge 502, the push assemblies 9 are two and are symmetrical about the central axis of the middle wedge 4, an inner groove 401 located at the secondary wedge 502 is formed in the outer wall of the middle wedge 4, the push assemblies 9 are located at two symmetrical grooves 401, the middle wedge 4 can be driven to rotate by a rotating device 7, when the inner groove 401 provided with the push assembly 9 rotates to be aligned with the secondary wedge 502, hydraulic oil groove 901, so as to drive the push plate to move to reciprocate to crack 1001, thereby forming a crack 1001; at this time, the main splitting blocks 501 located at both sides of the two sub splitting blocks 502 move to both sides under the action of the middle wedge block 4 to press the inner wall of the drill hole 10, and the sub splitting blocks 502 located at both sides of the two sub splitting blocks 502 are clamped in the inner grooves 401; referring to fig. 6, pressure gauges 804 are disposed on two side walls of the secondary splitting block 502, and the pressure gauges 804 are respectively located at upper, middle and lower positions of the secondary splitting block 502; the pressure gauge 804 is connected with the controller;

referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, the reset structure 6 is used for pulling the side wedge blocks 5 moving to both sides to the original position, the top ends of the main splitting block 501 and the secondary splitting block 502 are both provided with a fixing rod, the fixing rod penetrates through the bottom wall of the seat body 1, the bottom wall of the seat body 1 is provided with a through groove, the fixing rod moves along the through groove, the middle part of the seat body 1 is provided with an upward protrusion, a spring is connected between the protrusion and the fixing rod, and the main splitting block 501 and the secondary splitting block 502 are restored to the initial positions under the pulling force of the spring;

in the prior art, the side wedge blocks 5 need to be continuously rotated to adjust the positions of the side wedge blocks 5 in the drill holes 10, so that the positions of the cracks 1001 are adjusted, but when the side wedge blocks 5 are rotated, the outer walls of the side wedge blocks 5 inevitably rub against the inner walls of the drill holes 10, and the side wedge blocks 5 are damaged, so that the direction of the cracks 1001 is adjusted by rotating the middle wedge blocks 4, referring to the attached drawing 1, the middle wedge blocks 4 rotate under the driving of the rotating device 7, the rotating device 7 comprises gears arranged at the top ends of the middle wedge blocks 4, and further comprises middle wheels arranged inside the seat body 1, the inner walls of the middle wheels are clamping teeth, the clamping teeth are meshed with the gears, the outer walls of the middle wheels are provided with second gear teeth, the second gear teeth are combined with the gears sleeved on a motor driving shaft, so that the middle wedge blocks 4 can rotate through the rotation driving of the motor in the up-down moving process, the motor is connected with a controller, and the rotation angle of the motor is set through the controller.

The using method of the invention is as follows:

the seat body 1 is clamped at the top of a drill hole 10, the side edge wedge block 5 is placed in the drill hole 10, referring to fig. 3, if a longitudinal crack 1001 is needed, a push plate 903 on the middle wedge block 4 rotates to the position of the preset longitudinal crack 1001 through the rotation of a motor, hydraulic oil is input into the oil cylinder 2, the main shaft rod 3 is extruded downwards, the middle wedge block 4 is pushed to move downwards, then the main splitting blocks 501 on two sides of the preset crack 1001 are pushed to move towards two sides, the inner walls of the drill hole 10 on two sides of the crack 1001 are pushed to move, and the crack 1001 is enabled to appear at the longitudinal position; when the crack 1001 needs to be chiseled out at other positions of the drill hole 10, the middle wedge block 4 is driven to rotate only by the motor, so that the push plate 903 on the middle wedge block 4 is flush with the direction of the crack 1001, and the direction of the side wedge block 5 does not need to be adjusted.

When hydraulic oil is input into the tank cylinder 2 to enable the main shaft rod 3 to be extruded downwards, under the extrusion of a sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod 3, the middle magnet sliding plug 801 moves downwards to a half of the distance between the fixed electromagnet 802 and the limiting block, current is introduced into the fixed electromagnet 802 through the controller, the current generates a magnetic field and has a repulsive action on the middle magnet sliding plug 801, so that the middle magnet sliding plug 801 stays at the half position, hydraulic oil between the middle magnet sliding plug 801 and the sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod 3 enters the side oil groove 901 through the side oil hole 301 and the center oil hole 302, the extrusion push plate 903 moves towards the outside of the side oil groove 901, the corresponding secondary block 502 is pushed to extrude towards the preset crack 1001 on the inner wall of the drill hole 10, then the current of the fixed electromagnet 802 is disconnected through the controller, the hydraulic oil flows back into the cylinder 2 under the action of internal pressure, the push plate 903 is withdrawn towards the inside of the side oil groove 901, or reverse current is introduced into the fixed electromagnet 802 through the controller, the middle magnet sliding plug 801 slides downwards by utilizing the magnetic field to attract the central magnet sliding plug to withdraw the hydraulic oil hole 302, so that the hydraulic oil is withdrawn towards the inside of the side oil groove 901; then the fixed electromagnet 802 is continuously charged or disconnected, so that the push plate 903 pushes the secondary splitting block 502 to vibrate, the secondary splitting block 502 continuously punches the crack 1001 to promote the formation of the crack 1001, and the splitting efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the controller records a time point of introducing current which can enable a magnetic field to repel the sliding plug 801 of the middle magnet into the fixed electromagnet 802, a pressure value of a pressure gauge 803 at the time point and a pressure value of the pressure gauge 804, when the crack 1001 is formed, the force of the secondary splitting block 502 for extruding the inner wall of the drill hole 10 is suddenly reduced, the value of the pressure gauge 803 is suddenly reduced, the power-on and power-off operation is continued, the secondary splitting block 502 continuously cuts the crack 1001 which is already formed, when the secondary splitting block 502 is inserted into the crack, the pressure gauge 1001 can detect the value, the fixed electromagnet 802 is not powered off, the secondary splitting block 502 is not drawn out of the crack 1001, the current is continuously introduced into the fixed electromagnet 802, the secondary splitting block 502 continuously penetrates along the crack 1001, the crack 1001 is further formed through the shearing force of the secondary splitting block 502, and the crack 1001 can be prevented from being closed. Finally, when the crack 1001 is completely formed, a reverse current is introduced to the fixed electromagnet 802, so that the push plate 903 is recovered to the side oil groove 901, the secondary splitting block 502 and the main splitting block 501 are reset under the action of the spring, and the middle wedge block 4 and the side wedge block 5 are taken out of the drill hole 10.

In the application, the pressure applied to the middle magnet sliding plug 801 is not the pressure applied to the sliding plug at the top end of the spindle rod 3 by hydraulic oil, the pressure applied to the middle magnet sliding plug 801 depends on the oil amount of the hydraulic oil between the middle magnet sliding plug 801 and the sliding plug at the top end of the spindle rod 3, the secondary splitting block 502 is only used for assisting the formation of the crack 1001, the secondary splitting block does not necessarily need the same pressure as the pressure applied to the inner wall of the drill hole 10 by the main splitting block 501, the primary function of the secondary splitting block is continuous chiseling, the forming of the drill hole 10 is promoted by utilizing the shearing force, therefore, the forming of the crack 1001 is realized under the combined action of the stretching force of the main splitting block 501 and the shearing force of the secondary splitting block 502, and compared with the mode that the drill hole 10 is expanded to form the crack 1001 only by the stretching force of the main splitting block 501 in the prior art, the forming speed of the crack 1001 is improved.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a splitter for mine excavation, includes pedestal (1) and controller, the internally mounted of pedestal (1) has hydro-cylinder (2), the inside sliding connection of hydro-cylinder (2) has main shaft pole (3), and the top of main shaft pole (3) is connected with the sliding plug, the bottom of main shaft pole (3) is connected with middle voussoir (4), its characterized in that: the periphery of the middle wedge block (4) is provided with a side wedge block (5), the bottom end of the seat body (1) is provided with a resetting structure (6) for resetting the side wedge block (5), the inside of the seat body (1) is provided with a rotating device (7) for driving the middle wedge block (4) to rotate, the inside of the middle wedge block (4) is provided with a pushing and pressing assembly (9), and the inside of the oil cylinder (2) is provided with a driving assembly (8) for applying acting force to the pushing and pressing assembly (9);

the outer wall of the middle wedge block (4) is provided with inner grooves (401), the number of the inner grooves (401) is not less than four and is even, the number of the pushing components (9) is two, and the pushing components are respectively positioned at the two symmetrical inner grooves (401);

the side wedge block (5) comprises a main wedge block (501) and a secondary wedge block (502), the main wedge block (501) and the secondary wedge block (502) slide along the bottom surface of the base body (1), the outer wall of one side, far away from the center, of the main wedge block (501) is arc-shaped, the outer wall of one side, far away from the center, of the secondary wedge block (502) is conical, the main wedge block (501) and the secondary wedge block (502) are distributed in a staggered mode, one side, close to the center, of the secondary wedge block (502) is matched with the inner groove (401), and the number of the secondary wedge block (502) is the same as that of the inner groove (401);

the driving assembly (8) comprises a middle magnet sliding plug (801), a fixed electromagnet (802), a pressure gauge (803) and a pressure gauge (804), the middle magnet sliding plug (801) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the main shaft rod (3), the outer wall of the middle magnet sliding plug (801) slides along the inner wall of the oil cylinder (2), the fixed electromagnet (802) is fixed at the lower end of the inside of the oil cylinder (2), a limiting block is arranged on the inner wall of the oil cylinder (2), the pressure gauge (803) is installed inside the oil cylinder (2) and close to the limiting block, and the pressure gauge (804) is arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the secondary splitting block (502);

a central oil hole (302) is formed in the main shaft rod (3), a side oil hole (301) is formed in the upper end of the outer wall of the main shaft rod (3), the central oil hole (302) extends into the middle wedge block (4), and hydraulic oil between a sliding plug at the top end of the main shaft rod (3) and a sliding plug (801) of a middle magnet is filled in the oil cylinder (2);

the pushing assembly (9) comprises side oil grooves (901), T-shaped sliding plugs (902) and push plates (903), the two side oil grooves (901) are arranged inside the middle wedge block (4) and are symmetrical about the central axis of the middle wedge block (4), the T-shaped sliding plugs (902) are connected in the side oil grooves (901) in a sliding mode, one end, far away from the center of the middle wedge block (4), of each T-shaped sliding plug (902) is fixedly connected with the push plate (903), the push plates (903) are arc-shaped, the push plates (903) are matched with the outer wall of the secondary splitting block (502), and the side oil grooves (901) are communicated with the center oil hole (302).

2. The splitter for mine excavation according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed electromagnet (802), the pressure gauge (803) and the pressure gauge (804) are all connected with a controller, and the controller realizes the conversion of the secondary splitting block (502) between reciprocating motion and unidirectional movement by setting the current direction of the fixed electromagnet (802).