CN110192852A - The flow velocity cross stream component measuring system and method for dual scanning line optical coherence tomography - Google Patents
The flow velocity cross stream component measuring system and method for dual scanning line optical coherence tomography Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides the flow velocity cross stream component measuring system and method for dual scanning line optical coherence tomography, the measuring system include short-coherence light source, circulator, fiber coupler, with reference to arm system, spectrometer, sample arm system and computer.The present invention detects light by two beams and enters scanning system with different angle, forms the parallel dual scanning line with certain intervals；Using two cross sections of double detection light while continuous scanning sample to be tested, the signal that each point backscattering light intensity changes over time on two scanning surfaces of sample to be tested is obtained；Particle flux flow velocity cross stream component is calculated by cross correlation algorithm by the light intensity signal of the two scanning surfaces again.Present invention can ensure that passing through the particle in the first scanning cross section can be arrived when passing through the second scanning cross section by second detection light detection, to make have correlation in the signal of the two scanning cross section acquisitions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flow rate detection technical fields, and in particular to a kind of flow velocity based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography
Cross stream component measuring system and method.
Background technique
It is of great significance in the blood flow velocity quantitative detection of body non-intruding for medical diagnosis and treatment, currently used for blood
The method of stream flow rate detection is mainly based upon Doppler effect, such as: ultrasonic doppler blood flow detection technique, laser-Doppler blood flow
Detection technique, confocal laser doppler flow inaging scanning imagery, doppler optical coherence chromatograph (Optical Coherence
Tomography,OCT).Doppler OCT combines the advantages of Doppler's flow velocity detection technique and OCT, while providing blood vessel structure
With the spatial distribution of intravascular blood flow velocity, therefore Doppler OCT be used to carry out the detection of retinal blood flow speed.From principle
On say, Doppler's flow rate detection can only provide flow velocity along detection light direction component (flow velocity longitudinal component), i.e. Vcos θ, V indicate
Flow velocity absolute value；θ is doppler angle, that is, detects the angle of light and flow velocity.When doppler angle is close to 90 °, flow velocity longitudinal component
Close to zero, difficulty is brought for flow velocity measurement；For example, retinal vessel is mostly with retinal surface close to parallel, retinal blood flow
It is approached vertically with the detection light entered by pupil, i.e., doppler angle causes flow velocity longitudinal component too small close to 90 °, and measurement is difficult；
And flow velocity longitudinal component is very sensitive to doppler angle, and this is the master that Doppler OCT is used for retinal blood flow velocity measuring
Want obstacle.When doppler angle is close to 90 °, flow velocity cross stream component is Vsin θ, close to actual flow velocity V, therefore can measure flow velocity cross
To component Vsin θ, to replace actual flow velocity V.
Li Pei et al. is used in paper " cross-correlation method based on spectral domain optical coherence tomography measures spatially transverse flow velocity "
OCT speckle decorrelation method calculates transverse flow speed, is influenced by speckle randomness itself, the error of this flow relocity calculation method compared with
Greatly.Yonghong He et al. is in paper " Transverse flow velocity quantification using
It is proposed in optical coherence tomography with correlation " with single detection light mixed sweep blood vessel
Cross-correlation calculation coordinate is done using two scanning surface light distribution when scanning surface is not exclusively vertical with flow velocity in two cross sections
Offset, corrects the spatial position of two scanning surfaces, then with cross-correlation calculation flow velocity cross stream component, and there are two to ask for this method
Topic: (1) when using two cross section of single detection light mixed sweep blood vessel, not can guarantee same Motion Particles by this two
When a section, be all detected, when particle only by be located at a scanning surface detection optical detection then, then the two scanning
The signal of face acquisition does not have correlation, therefore is not used to the calculating of transverse flow speed；(2) due to velocity flow profile on vessel cross-section
Difference, intermediate fast, deviation center is bigger, flow velocity is slower, and therefore, when particle flows through two scanning surfaces, structure is had differences, and
Without correlation.Chinese patent " a method of measurement transverse flow speed of scattering fluid " (patent publication No.
) and article " Transverse flow velocity quantification using optical CN101738489B
The method of coherence tomography with correlation " is similar, there is a problem of same.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention designs a kind of flow velocity cross stream component based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography
Measuring system and method detect light by two beams and enter scanning system with different angle, and being formed has the parallel double of certain intervals
Scan line；Using two cross sections of double detection light while continuous scanning sample to be tested, obtain on two scanning surfaces of sample to be tested
The signal that each point backscattering light intensity changes over time；Cross correlation algorithm is passed through by the Intensity Fluctuation sequence of the two scanning surfaces again
Calculate particle flux flow velocity cross stream component (the flow velocity component vertical with detection light).The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of flow velocity cross stream component measuring system based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography, which includes short coherent light
Source 1, circulator 2, fiber coupler 3, with reference to arm system 4, spectrometer 5, sample arm system 13 and computer 12.
The short-coherence light source 1, circulator 2, fiber coupler 3, with reference to arm system 4, spectrometer 5 and sample arm system
13 composition scanning systems；Wherein, short-coherence light source 1, circulator 2 and fiber coupler 3 are successively linked in sequence by optical fiber；It is described
3 output end of fiber coupler passes through optical fiber respectively and connect with reference to arm system 4 and sample arm system 13；The circulator 2 passes through
Optical fiber connects spectrometer 5；Another group of scanning system connects in the same manner, and the fiber coupler 3 of two groups of scanning systems connects
The same sample arm system 13 is connect, the spectrometer 5 of two groups of scanning systems is connect by optical fiber with computer 12.
Described to include lens C14 and reflecting mirror A15 with reference to arm system 4, the lens C14 and reflecting mirror A15 are sequentially coaxially
Setting；The sample arm system 13 includes reflecting mirror B16, galvanometer X17, galvanometer Y18 and lens D19；It is come out from fiber coupler 3
Short coherent laser be reflected on the central axis of galvanometer Y18 by reflecting mirror B16, then galvanometer X17 is reflected by galvanometer Y18
On, then by focusing on sample to be tested 20 after lens D19.
The spectrometer 5 includes lens A6, grating 7, lens B8 and linear array CCD camera 9；By sample arm system 13 and ginseng
It examines the sample light scattered after arm system 4 and reference light backtracking is converged to fiber coupler 3, then spectrum is entered by circulator 2
Instrument 5 successively focuses on linear array CCD camera 9 after lens A6, grating 7, lens B8, forms interference spectrum；Pass through computer again
12 image pick-up card 10 and data collecting card 11 is acquired and is handled, and then obtains flow velocity cross stream component.
Further, by the rotational angle of the output voltage control galvanometer X17 of data collecting card 11 and galvanometer Y18, from
And change the angle that two beams detection light enters sample to be tested 20.
A kind of measurement method of the flow velocity cross stream component measuring system based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography, including it is following
Step:
Step 1: the short coherent laser of two beams is issued by two groups of short-coherence light sources 1 respectively and successively passes through circulator 2, optical fiber
Respectively it is divided into two beams detection light after coupler 3 to respectively enter with reference to arm system 4 and sample arm system 13；Into reference arm system 4
Detection light successively penetrates lens C14 and reflecting mirror A15 and forms reference light；Detection light emission into sample arm system 13 enters reflecting mirror
It on B16 back reflection to the central axis of galvanometer Y18, then is reflected on galvanometer X17 by galvanometer Y18, the spy reflected through galvanometer X17
It surveys after light focuses on sample to be tested 20 by lens D19 and forms sample light, to realize that two beams focus on the detection of sample to be tested
Light is with two cross sections of a fixed spacing continuous scanning sample to be tested 20；
Step 2: the reference light and sample light converge along optical fiber backtracking to fiber coupler 3, then by circulator 2
Into spectrometer 5, reference light and sample light are collimated into directional light through lens A6, and directional light is divided by grating 7, then poly- through lens B8
Coke forms interference spectrum after linear array CCD camera 9, then is acquired and handled by image pick-up card 10 and data collecting card 11, obtains
Flow velocity cross stream component.
The calculation processes of the flow velocity cross stream component are as follows:
The interference spectrum in two spectrometers, 5 collected two cross sections is respectively f1(x, y, z, t) and f2(x′,y′,z′,
T), steady fluid only considers coordinate translation, selects flow velocity longitudinal component V on two scanning cross sectionsaxial,1(x, y, z) and
Vaxial,2(x ', y ', z ') carrys out coordinates computed offset；Flow velocity longitudinal component is V on described two scanning cross sectionsaxial,1(x,y,
And V z)axial,2(x ', y ', z '):
Wherein, λ is detection optical wavelength；ω1And ω2It is to f respectively1(x, y, z, t) and f2(x ', y ', z ', t) carries out FFT
The frequency that (Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)) obtains；
Pass through flow velocity longitudinal component V on two scanning cross sectionsaxial,1(x, y, z) and Vaxial,2The two dimension of (x ', y ', z ')
Cross-correlation calculation determines the offset Δ x, Δ y and Δ z of two cross-section areal coordinates；The Δ x, Δ y and Δ z meet: x+ Δ x
=x ', y+ Δ y=y ' and z+ Δ z=z ', i.e., the corresponding points (light of x+ Δ x, y+ Δ y, z+ Δ z) and (x ', y ', z ') on scanning surface
Strong sequence has correlation, then calculates time delay τ by cross correlation algorithm by the two light intensity sequences, and the flow velocity is lateral
The calculation formula of component are as follows:
Vlateral=L/ τ (3)
Wherein, L is the spacing in two scanning cross sections；τ is time delay.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention uses dual scanning line OCT system, while scanning two cross sections, it is ensured that passes through the first scanning
The particle in cross section can be arrived when passing through the second scanning cross section by second detection light detection, to make to scan at the two
The signal of cross section acquisition has correlation.
(2) present invention is identical according to distribution of the flow velocity on neighbouring two parallel cross sections, and flow velocity longitudinally divides
Amount is directly proportional to Doppler frequency shift, and the flow velocity longitudinal component in two cross sections is calculated by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), passes through two
The two-dimensional cross correlation operation that flow velocity longitudinal component is distributed on cross section determines the offset of coordinate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is system sample arm configuration schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is double detection optical scanning schematic diagrames；
In figure: 1 short-coherence light source；2 circulators；3 fiber couplers；4 refer to arm system；5 spectrometers；6 lens A；7 light
Grid；8 lens B；9 linear array CCD cameras；10 image pick-up card, 11 data collecting card；12 computers；13 sample arm systems；14 lens
C；15 reflecting mirror A；16 reflecting mirror B；17X galvanometer；18Y galvanometer；19 lens D；20 samples to be tested.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical solution and attached drawing.
A kind of flow velocity cross stream component measuring system based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography, as shown in Figure 1, the system packet
Include short-coherence light source 1, circulator 2, fiber coupler 3, with reference to arm system 4, spectrometer 5, sample arm system 13 and computer 12.
It wherein, include lens C14 and reflecting mirror A15 with reference to arm system 4；Spectrometer 5 includes lens A6, grating 7, lens B8 and linear array
CCD camera 9；Sample arm system 13 includes reflecting mirror B16, galvanometer X17, galvanometer Y18 and lens D19, as shown in Figure 2.Described
Short-coherence light source 1, fiber coupler 3, forms scanning system with reference to arm system 4, spectrometer 5 and sample arm system 13 at circulator 2
System；Wherein, short-coherence light source 1, circulator 2 and fiber coupler 3 are successively linked in sequence by optical fiber；The fiber coupler 3
Output end passes through optical fiber respectively and connect with reference to arm system 4 and sample arm system 13；The circulator 2 connects spectrum by optical fiber
Instrument 5；Another group of scanning system connects in the same manner, and the fiber coupler 3 of two groups of scanning systems is all connected with the same sample
Arm system 13, the spectrometer 5 of two groups of scanning systems are connect by optical fiber with computer 12.
The short coherent laser of two beams that two short-coherence light sources 1 issue sequentially enters circulator 2 and fiber coupling by optical fiber
Device 3 is respectively divided into two beams detection light later and enters respectively through optical fiber with reference to arm system 4 and sample arm system 13；Into reference arm system
The detection light of system 4 successively penetrates lens C14 and reflecting mirror A15 and forms reference light；Not into the detection light edge of sample arm system 13
On equidirectional injection reflecting mirror B16 back reflection to the central axis to galvanometer Y18, the incidence point of galvanometer Y18 is identical, incidence angle not
Together；Then it is reflected on galvanometer X17 by galvanometer Y18, the detection light that galvanometer X17 is reflected is focused on by lens D19 to test sample
Product 20, are shown in Fig. 2.The rotational angle of galvanometer X17 and galvanometer Y18 by the data collecting card 11 in computer 12 output voltage control
System detects the angle that light enters sample to be tested 20 by changing the rotational angle of galvanometer X17 and galvanometer Y18 to change two beams, from
And it realizes two beams detection light and, with two cross sections of a fixed spacing continuous scanning sample to be tested, sees Fig. 3.
Through sample arm system 13 and with reference to the sample light and reference light backtracking scattered after arm system 4 to fiber coupler
3 converge, then enter spectrometer 5 through optical fiber by circulator 2, and reference light and sample light are collimated into directional light through lens A6, then by light
Grid 7 are divided, then interference spectrum is formed after lens B8 focuses on linear array CCD camera 9,10 sum number of image pick-up card of computer 12
Interference spectrum is acquired by data line according to capture card 11 and is handled.
Two spectrometers 5 acquire the interference spectrum in two cross sections simultaneously, and dual scanning line OCT system obtains sample to be tested 20
Each point backscattering light intensity changes with time sequence, respectively f on former and later two cross sections1(x, y, z, t) and f2(x′,y′,
z′,t).Since scanning cross section and flow velocity are there are certain angle, f1(x, y, z, t) and f2The space of (x ', y ', z ', t)
There is translation in coordinate, it is therefore desirable to determine f1(x, y, z, t) and f2Offset between (x ', y ', z ', t) space coordinate, i.e., really
Fixed same particle passes through the space coordinate corresponding relationship in two scanning cross sections.For steady fluid, only coordinate translation need to be considered,
Without the concern for rotation, distribution of the flow velocity on neighbouring two parallel sweep cross sections is the same, therefore flow velocity longitudinal component
Distribution on neighbouring two parallel sweep faces is also the same, so selecting flow velocity longitudinal component on two scanning cross sections
Vaxial,1(x, y, z) and Vaxial,2The distribution of (x ', y ', z ') carrys out coordinates computed offset.
Flow velocity longitudinal component and Doppler frequency shift are directly proportional, i.e. Vaxial=Δ w the π of λ/4, wherein Δ w is flow velocity longitudinal component
Caused Doppler frequency shift, λ are detection optical wavelength；The then flow velocity longitudinal component V in two scanning cross sectionsaxial,1(x, y, z) and
Vaxial,2(x ', y ', z ') is respectively as follows:
Wherein, ω1And ω2It is to f respectively1(x, y, z, t) and f2(x ', y ', z ', t) carries out FFT, and (fast Fourier becomes
Change) obtained frequency；
Since velocity flow profile is the same, V in two scanning cross sectionsaxial,1(x, y, z) and Vaxial,2(x′,y′,
Z ') there is correlation, pass through Vaxial,1(x, y, z) and Vaxial,2The two-dimensional cross correlation of (x ', y ', z ') calculates, determine two it is cross-section
Offset Δ x, the Δ y and Δ z, the Δ x, Δ y and Δ z of areal coordinate meet x+ Δ x=x ', y+ Δ y=y ' and z+ Δ z=
Z ', expression flows through first scanning cross section, and (particle of x+ Δ x, y+ Δ y, z+ Δ z) point can flow through second scanning cross section
(x ', y ', z ') point, i.e., scanning cross section on corresponding points (the light intensity sequence of x+ Δ x, y+ Δ y, z+ Δ z) and (x ', y ', z ')
Time delay τ is calculated by cross correlation algorithm with correlation, then by the two light intensity sequences, then flow velocity cross stream component are as follows:
Vlateral=L/ τ, wherein L is the spacing of two scan lines.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of flow velocity cross stream component measuring system based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography, which is characterized in that the system packet
Include short-coherence light source (1), circulator (2), fiber coupler (3), with reference to arm system (4), spectrometer (5), sample arm system
(13) and computer (12)；
The short-coherence light source (1), circulator (2), fiber coupler (3), with reference to arm system (4), spectrometer (5) and sample
Arm system (13) forms scanning system；Wherein, short-coherence light source (1), circulator (2) and fiber coupler (3) by optical fiber according to
Secondary sequential connection；Fiber coupler (3) output end passes through optical fiber respectively and refers to arm system (4) and sample arm system (13)
Connection；The circulator (2) connects spectrometer (5) by optical fiber；Another group of scanning system connects in the same manner, and two groups are swept
The fiber coupler (3) for retouching system is all connected with the same sample arm system (13), and the spectrometer (5) of two groups of scanning systems passes through
Optical fiber is connect with computer (12)；
Described to include lens C (14) and reflecting mirror A (15) with reference to arm system 4, lens C (14) and reflecting mirror A (15) are sequentially coaxially
Setting；The sample arm system (13) includes reflecting mirror B (16), galvanometer X (17), galvanometer Y (18) and lens D (19)；From optical fiber
The short coherent laser that coupler (3) comes out is reflected on the central axis of (18) galvanometer Y through reflecting mirror B (16), then by galvanometer Y
(18) it is reflected on galvanometer X (17), then by focusing on sample to be tested (20) after lens D (19)；
The spectrometer (5) includes lens A (6), grating (7), lens B (8) and linear array CCD camera (9)；By sample arm system
(13) and with reference to arm system (4) the sample light and reference light backtracking to fiber coupler (3) scattered afterwards converges, then by annular
Device (2) enters spectrometer (5), successively focuses on linear array CCD camera (9), shape after lens A (6), grating (7), lens B (8)
At interference spectrum；It acquires and handles by the image pick-up card (10) and data collecting card (11) of computer (12) again, and then
To flow velocity cross stream component.
2. a kind of flow velocity cross stream component measuring system based on dual scanning line optical coherence tomography according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the rotational angle of output voltage control galvanometer X (17) and galvanometer Y (18) by data collecting card (11), from
And change the angle that two beams detection light enters sample to be tested (20).
3. a kind of method for carrying out the measurement of flow velocity cross stream component using measuring system of any of claims 1 or 2, feature exist
In, method includes the following steps:
Step 1: the short coherent laser of two beams is issued by two groups of short-coherence light sources (1) respectively and successively passes through circulator (2), optical fiber
Respectively it is divided into two beams detection light after coupler (3) to respectively enter with reference to arm system (4) and sample arm system (13)；Into reference arm system
The detection light of system (4) successively penetrates lens C (14) and reflecting mirror A (15) and forms reference light；Into the spy of sample arm system (13)
It surveys light emission to enter on reflecting mirror B (16) back reflection to the central axis of (18) galvanometer Y, then galvanometer X (17) is reflected by galvanometer Y (18)
On, the detection light reflected through galvanometer X (17) forms sample light after focusing on sample to be tested (20) by lens D (19), thus
Realize that two beams focus on the detection light of sample to be tested with two cross sections of a fixed spacing continuous scanning sample to be tested (20)；
Step 2: the reference light and sample light converge along optical fiber backtracking to fiber coupler (3), then by circulator (2)
Into spectrometer (5), reference light and sample light are collimated into directional light through lens A (6), and directional light is divided by grating (7), then through saturating
Mirror B (8) focuses on linear array CCD camera (9) and forms interference spectrum afterwards, then is adopted by image pick-up card (10) and data collecting card (11)
Collect and handle, obtains flow velocity cross stream component.
4. flow velocity cross stream component measurement method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the step 2, flow velocity is horizontal
Calculation processes to component are as follows:
The interference spectrum in two collected two cross sections of spectrometer (5) is respectively f1(x, y, z, t) and f2(x ', y ', z ',
T), steady fluid only considers coordinate translation, selects flow velocity longitudinal component V on two scanning cross sectionsAxial, 1(x, y, z) and
VAxial, 2(x ', y ', z ') carrys out coordinates computed offset；Flow velocity longitudinal component V on described two scanning cross sectionsAxial, 1(x, y, z)
And VAxial, 2The calculating process of (x ', y ', z ') are as follows:
Wherein, λ is detection optical wavelength；ω1And ω2It is to f respectively1(x, y, z, t) and f2(x ', y ', z ', t) is carried out in quick Fu
The frequency that leaf transformation obtains；
Pass through flow velocity longitudinal component V on two scanning cross sectionsAxial, 1(x, y, z) and VAxial, 2The two dimension of (x ', y ', z ') is mutually
It closes and calculates, determine the offset Δ x, Δ y and Δ z of two cross-section areal coordinates；The Δ x, Δ y and Δ z meet: x+ Δ x=x ',
Y+ Δ y=y ' and z+ Δ z=z ', expression flows through first scanning cross section, and (particle of x+ Δ x, y+ Δ y, z+ Δ z) point can flow
Through second scan cross section (x ', y ', z ') point, i.e., scanning cross section on corresponding points (x+ Δ x, y+ Δ y, z+ Δ z) and
The light intensity sequence of (x ', y ', z ') has correlation, then calculates time delay by cross correlation algorithm by the two light intensity sequences
τ, the calculation formula of the flow velocity cross stream component are as follows:
Vlateral=L/ τ (3)
Wherein, L is the spacing in two scanning cross sections；τ is time delay.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910524581.1A CN110192852B (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Flow velocity transverse component measuring system and method for double-scanning-line optical coherence tomography |
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| CN201910524581.1A CN110192852B (en) | 2019-06-18 | 2019-06-18 | Flow velocity transverse component measuring system and method for double-scanning-line optical coherence tomography |
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| CN110192852A true CN110192852A (en) | 2019-09-03 |
| CN110192852B CN110192852B (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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