CN110190622B - Power reduction operation control method for photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Power reduction operation control method for photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention provides a control method for power reduction operation of a photovoltaic power generation system, which comprises the following steps: (1) calculating the maximum power available to the photovoltaic by using an L-M algorithm in combination with a lambertian function; (2) correcting the photovoltaic curve; (3) adjusting a given photovoltaic output power by adjusting the redundancy rate; (4) the difference between the given power value and the output power value is sent to a PWM pulse generator to generate PWM waveform to control the on-off of the switching tube after passing through the PI regulator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a power reduction operation control method of a photovoltaic power generation system.
Background
As the permeability of photovoltaic energy in the power grid becomes higher, the power grid has raised higher and higher requirements on the ability of the photovoltaic energy to participate in frequency modulation. The active output of the photovoltaic power station needs to be regulated in the frequency modulation process, the reduction of the active output power of the photovoltaic power station can realize the real-time active storage of the photovoltaic system, the capacity of the photovoltaic power station for participating in frequency modulation is met, and the effective utilization of the photovoltaic energy source is promoted to be one of means for building the power grid friendly photovoltaic power station. The randomness and intermittence of the active power output of the photovoltaic power station are larger, and the maximum power tracking (MPPT) is needed for ensuring the maximum output of the photovoltaic power station to the maximum extent by utilizing the photovoltaic energy. Because the photovoltaic output has no obvious characteristics, the phenomenon of messy light emission, full light emission, no light emission and no light emission is easy to occur under the condition of maximum power tracking, the fluctuation of the active output causes serious impact on a power grid, the fluctuation of the photovoltaic output can be stabilized by additionally installing energy storage equipment, but the photovoltaic output is limited by capacity and cost, and most of large-scale photovoltaic power stations are not provided with energy storage devices at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems and the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a control method for power reduction operation of a photovoltaic power generation system, the control method comprising the following steps: (1) calculating the maximum power available to the photovoltaic by using an L-M algorithm in combination with a lambertian function; (2) correcting the photovoltaic curve; (3) adjusting a given photovoltaic output power by adjusting the redundancy rate; (4) the difference between the given power value and the output power value is sent to a PWM pulse generator to generate PWM waveform to control the on-off of the switching tube after passing through the PI regulator.
Further, the calculation process in the step (1) is as follows: the L-M algorithm equation is shown as formula (1):
β k+1 ＝β k -(J T ×J+λ·diag(J T ×J)) -1 ×J T ×r k (1)
beta= [ G, λT ] in formula (1)] T J is Jacobian matrix, k is iteration number, lambda damping factor, r is residual function, and residual function r and partial derivative thereof required by Jacobian matrix are calculated
And->
Calculated by the formulas (2) - (4);
i in formulas (3) - (4) d Is diode current, and can pass through
Carrying out actual operation parameter value calculation, as shown in a formula (5):
bringing formulae (2) - (4) into formula (1), and iterating to obtain formula (6)
S in (6) xyz Is a summation term, as shown in equation (7):
after curve fitting, five parameters of the photovoltaic are obtained, and the voltage and the current of the photovoltaic MPP are easily calculated by the explicit equations (2) and (3) introduced therein;
the lambertian function W { x } is introduced in equations (8) and (9), where ω=w { I } ph e/I s }。
Further, the curve fit consists of a two-part nest, at each sampling period T s The inner pair summation polynomial (7) is updated by calculation and then at each control period T control Estimating MPP internally; after obtaining one sample, confirm the first I by calculation d The residual function and its partial derivatives are then calculated to update the summation term S xyz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The L-M algorithm iterates once during a complete control cycle to update G and λt, then used to calculate 5 parameters, then determine the MPP voltage and current.
Further, the photovoltaic curve correction method is that two photovoltaic curves exist corresponding to a power set value under a power-down operation modeThe different voltage operating points, as shown in FIG. 1, are more prone to operating on the right side of the P-V characteristic curve (i.e., V during reduced power operation mpp To the right of the point), higher bus voltage values and steeper slopes can be achieved on the right, a larger power regulation range is significantly achieved on the right of the P-V characteristic curve, whereas on the left of the characteristic curve the power regulation range will be limited by the minimum voltage limit of the DC/DC converter, the operating point being always at V by modifying the P-V characteristic curve mpp On the right side of (1), V is predicted mpp After the value of (2) P-V curve V mpp P is left side of (1) pv Treatment =0, i.e. P-V curve retains V > V only mpp The right part, the modified curve equation formula (10) shows:
the method based on least square method curve fitting is provided for estimating the real-time output maximum power of the photovoltaic power station to realize the power reduction operation of the photovoltaic power station, and a final photovoltaic power station active output instruction is obtained according to the active power standby Ratio (R).
Further, in the step (3), the given photovoltaic output power is adjusted by adjusting the standby ratio, wherein the output power reference value can be calculated by the formula (11):
P ref ＝P mpp -P mpp (1-R) (11)
p in formula (11) ref In order to output an active power reference value by the photovoltaic under the condition of power reduction, R is an active power reserve rate, when r=0, that is, the photovoltaic reserve rate is 0, the output maximum power is that is, the photovoltaic power source operates in a maximum power mode, that is, the power reduction operation control strategy used can operate in the maximum power mode or the power reduction mode, and switching of the control strategy is not required.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power plant power reduction voltage operating point and a correction curve;
FIG. 2 is a graph of temperature and irradiance variation;
FIG. 3 actual maximum power versus predicted power value;
FIG. 4 reduced power operating point voltage;
the memory rate given and ultimately implemented in fig. 5;
the output power given and ultimately achieved in fig. 6.
Detailed Description
Corresponding simulation models are established in Matlab/Simulink, the most commonly used 240W photovoltaic cell parameters are taken as references to establish the models of the photovoltaic cells, and the parameters of the photovoltaic cells under standard conditions are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 photovoltaic model parameters
The control strategy proposed by the patent is verified under the complex condition, and in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the temperature and the irradiation intensity are subjected to severe change in the simulation process, as shown in fig. 2.
The maximum power prediction method is verified under the complex condition, and as shown in fig. 3, the prediction result shows that the adopted least square method curve fitting method has good prediction precision.
During the power-down operation, in order to maintain the bus voltage at a high level and to be able to obtain a large regulation rate, the photovoltaic curve is modified (fig. 1) so that the photovoltaic operating point voltage is always to the left of the maximum power point voltage, i.e. V prc ＞V mpp As shown in fig. 4.
The photovoltaic is capable of outputting active power at a given storage rate, the simulation being verified from a range of 0-50%, fig. 5 for the given storage rate versus the active storage rate achieved by running the power, and fig. 6 for the final output active power.
The control method comprises the following steps: (1) calculating the maximum power available to the photovoltaic by using an L-M algorithm in combination with a lambertian function; (2) correcting the photovoltaic curve; (3) adjusting a given photovoltaic output power by adjusting the redundancy rate; (4) the difference between the given power value and the output power value is sent to a PWM pulse generator to generate PWM waveform to control the on-off of the switching tube after passing through the PI regulator.
The calculation process of the step (1) is as follows: the L-M algorithm equation is shown as formula (1):
β k+1 ＝β k -(J T ×J+λ·diag(J T ×J)) -1 ×J T ×r k (1)
beta= [ G, λT ] in formula (1)] T J is Jacobian matrix, k is iteration number, lambda damping factor, r is residual function, and residual function r and partial derivative thereof required by Jacobian matrix are calculated
And->
Calculated by the formulas (2) - (4);
i in formulas (3) - (4) d Is diode current, and can pass through
Carrying out actual operation parameter value calculation, as shown in a formula (5):
bringing formulae (2) - (4) into formula (1), and iterating to obtain formula (6)
S in (6) xyz Is a summation term, as shown in equation (7):
after curve fitting, five parameters of the photovoltaic are obtained, and the voltage and the current of the photovoltaic MPP are easily calculated by the explicit equations (2) and (3) introduced therein;
the lambertian function W { x } is introduced in equations (8) and (9), where ω=w { I } ph e/I s }。
The curve fitting consists of two part nesting, at each sampling period T s The inner pair summation polynomial (7) is updated by calculation and then at each control period T control Estimating MPP internally; after obtaining one sample, confirm the first I by calculation d The residual function and its partial derivatives are then calculated to update the summation term S xyz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The L-M algorithm iterates once during a complete control cycle to update G and λt, then used to calculate 5 parameters, then determine the MPP voltage and current.
The photovoltaic curve correction method is that in the power-down operation mode, two different voltage operation points exist corresponding to a power set point, as shown in figure 1, the photovoltaic curve correction method is more prone to being carried out on the right side of the P-V characteristic curve in the power-down operation processOperation (i.e. V mpp To the right of the point), higher bus voltage values and steeper slopes can be achieved on the right, a larger power regulation range is significantly achieved on the right of the P-V characteristic curve, whereas on the left of the characteristic curve the power regulation range will be limited by the minimum voltage limit of the DC/DC converter, the operating point being always at V by modifying the P-V characteristic curve mpp On the right side of (1), V is predicted mpp After the value of (2) P-V curve V mpp P is left side of (1) pv Treatment =0, i.e. P-V curve retains V > V only mpp The right part, the modified curve equation formula (10) shows:
the method based on least square method curve fitting is provided for estimating the real-time output maximum power of the photovoltaic power station to realize the power reduction operation of the photovoltaic power station, and a final photovoltaic power station active output instruction is obtained according to the active power standby Ratio (R).
The step (3) adjusts the given photovoltaic output power by adjusting the standby ratio, wherein the output power reference value can be calculated by the formula (11):
P ref ＝P mpp -P mpp (1-R) (11)
p in formula (11) ref In order to output an active power reference value by the photovoltaic under the condition of power reduction, R is an active power reserve rate, when r=0, that is, the photovoltaic reserve rate is 0, the output maximum power is that is, the photovoltaic power source operates in a maximum power mode, that is, the power reduction operation control strategy used can operate in the maximum power mode or the power reduction mode, and switching of the control strategy is not required.
Claims (1)
1. The power reduction operation control method of the photovoltaic power generation system is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) calculating the maximum power available to the photovoltaic by using an L-M algorithm in combination with a lambertian function; (2) correcting the photovoltaic curve; (3) adjusting a given photovoltaic output power by adjusting the redundancy rate; (4) the difference between the given power value and the output power value is sent to a PWM pulse generator to generate PWM waveform to control the on-off of a switching tube after passing through a PI regulator;
the calculation process of the step (1) is as follows: the L-M algorithm equation is shown as formula (1):
β k+1 ＝β k -(J T ×J+λ·diag(J T ×J)) -1 ×J T ×r k (1)
beta= [ G, λT ] in formula (1)] T J is Jacobian matrix, k is iteration number, lambda damping factor, r is residual function, and residual function r and partial derivative thereof required by Jacobian matrix are calculated
And->
Calculated by the formulas (2) - (4);
i in formulas (3) - (4) d Is diode current, and can pass through
Carrying out actual operation parameter value calculation, as shown in a formula (5):
bringing formulae (2) - (4) into formula (1), and iterating to obtain formula (6)
S in (6) xyz Is a summation term, as shown in equation (7):
after curve fitting, five parameters of the photovoltaic are obtained, and the voltage and the current of the photovoltaic MPP are easily calculated by the explicit equations (2) and (3) introduced therein;
the lambertian function W { x } is introduced in equations (8) and (9), where ω=w { I } ph e/I s }；
The curve fitting consists of two part nesting, at each sampling period T s The inner pair summation polynomial (7) is updated by calculation and then at each control period T control Estimating MPP internally; after obtaining one sample, confirm the first I by calculation d The residual function and its partial derivatives are then calculated to update the summation term S xyz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The L-M algorithm iterates once to update G and λT in one complete control cycle, then is used to calculate 5 parameters, and then MPP voltage and current are determined;
the photovoltaic curve correction method is that under the reduced power operation mode, two different voltage operation points exist corresponding to a power set point, and the voltage operation points are arranged in the power set pointDuring reduced power operation, it is more prone to operate on the right side of the P-V characteristic curve, i.e., V mpp Dot right; a higher bus voltage value and steeper slope can be obtained on the right side, a larger power regulation range can be obtained on the right side of the P-V characteristic curve, and conversely the power regulation range on the left side of the characteristic curve is limited by the minimum voltage of the DC/DC converter, and the P-V characteristic curve is modified to enable the operating point to be always at V mpp On the right side of (1), V is predicted mpp After the value of (2) P-V curve V mpp P is left side of (1) pv Treatment =0, i.e. P-V curve retains V > V only mpp The right part, the modified curve equation formula (10) shows:
the method based on least square method curve fitting is provided for estimating the real-time output maximum power of the photovoltaic power station to realize the power reduction operation of the photovoltaic power station, and a final photovoltaic power station active output instruction is obtained according to the active power reserve rate R;
the step (3) is performed by adjusting the standby ratio to adjust the given photovoltaic output power, wherein the photovoltaic output power can be calculated by the formula (11):
P ref ＝P mpp -P mpp (1-R) (11)
p in formula (11) ref In order to output an active power reference value by the photovoltaic under the condition of power reduction, R is an active power reserve rate, when r=0, that is, the photovoltaic reserve rate is 0, the output maximum power is that is, the photovoltaic power source operates in a maximum power mode, that is, the power reduction operation control strategy used can operate in the maximum power mode or the power reduction mode, and switching of the control strategy is not required.
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| CN103268136A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-08-28 | 国电南瑞南京控制系统有限公司 | Active power control method of photovoltaic power station |
| CN103986190A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 电子科技大学 | Wind and solar storage combining power generation system smooth control method based on power generation power curves |
| CN109066773A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of method that photovoltaic plant inverter carries out fast power response |
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