CN111817343A - Non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting generated energy of photovoltaic power supply - Google Patents

Non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting generated energy of photovoltaic power supply Download PDF

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CN111817343A
CN111817343A CN202010623554.2A CN202010623554A CN111817343A CN 111817343 A CN111817343 A CN 111817343A CN 202010623554 A CN202010623554 A CN 202010623554A CN 111817343 A CN111817343 A CN 111817343A
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photovoltaic
power
power generation
photovoltaic array
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王晶晶
侯斌
张文智
朱明晞
唐莎莎
白昕
张丽
陈磊
蔡璐
刘怡宁
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Chongqing Fuling Electric Power Industry Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
    • G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H02J2300/26—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin involving maximum power point tracking control for photovoltaic sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The invention discloses a non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting the generating capacity of a photovoltaic power supply, which comprises the following steps: step 1: carrying out distributed control on the photovoltaic modules under different environmental conditions, deriving photovoltaic module environmental correction parameters under the current external environmental conditions according to the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic modules, and correcting the output voltage of the photovoltaic modules in real time; step 2: constructing the fragment management of the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system; and step 3: the method comprises the steps of constructing a photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm, deducing output voltage corresponding to a photovoltaic array by using the photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm and taking the generated energy distribution limit of a power grid to a photovoltaic power generation system as a control target, introducing the output voltage corresponding to the photovoltaic array into a front stage boost circuit of a photovoltaic module, and enabling the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system to follow a power demand instruction by correcting the duty ratio of the boost circuit. The photovoltaic absorption control strategy can solve the problem of excess energy of a photovoltaic power generation system.

Description

Non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting generated energy of photovoltaic power supply
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of distributed power supply consumption, in particular to a non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting the generated energy of a photovoltaic power supply.
Background
Energy crisis and environmental issues have accelerated global energy structure adjustment, enabling rapid development of renewable energy. Solar energy has gained wide attention worldwide as a clean, efficient renewable energy source. However, as the high-permeability roof photovoltaic power generation system is incorporated into the main grid, under the condition of low consumption of the main grid, if the surplus photovoltaic power is removed in a passive manner and then disconnected from the system, the switching burden of the grid-connected inverter of the photovoltaic power generation system can be increased, and the aging process of the photovoltaic power generation system is accelerated. Therefore, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to consider a new control mode to ensure the safe and stable operation of the photovoltaic power generation system.
How to solve the surplus problem of photovoltaic power generation capacity mainly studies around two fields at present: 1. evaluating the absorption capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system; 2. how to improve the absorption capacity of a photovoltaic power generation system. The method mainly researches the influence of distributed photovoltaic access on a power grid from the aspects of electric energy quality, economic operation, relay protection and the like, and carries out the estimation of the consumption capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system on the common various operation modes of the power grid based on various intelligent algorithms and with the constraint of safe operation of the power grid. And the latter consumes or stores excessive photovoltaic power generation by adopting a newly added load and combining an energy storage method in an actual regional power grid. Although the method can solve the problem of excess energy of the photovoltaic power generation system through absorption and consumption, the change of load and the increase of stored energy often increase the construction cost of the power grid. Few scholars mention control of the photovoltaic itself. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a photovoltaic consumption control strategy that can solve the problem of excess energy of the photovoltaic power generation system without adding additional equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting the generating capacity of a photovoltaic power supply, which can solve the problem of excess energy of a photovoltaic power generation system without adding extra equipment and better meet the actual requirement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a non-maximum power tracking method suitable for regulating the power generation amount of a photovoltaic power supply, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: based on a photovoltaic module pre-stage distributed optimizer, carrying out photovoltaic module decentralized control under different environmental conditions, deriving photovoltaic module environmental correction parameters under the current external environmental conditions according to the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module, correcting the output voltage of the photovoltaic module in real time, and realizing maximum power tracking of the photovoltaic module;
step 2: constructing the fragment management of the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system, and carrying out fragment management on the photovoltaic power generation system according to the generated energy condition of the actual photovoltaic system when the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is greater than the load consumption according to the actual requirement of a power grid, and setting the photovoltaic generated energy target of the photovoltaic power generation system at the optimal power under different illumination intensities in the fragment management of the generated energy of the photovoltaic system;
and step 3: the method comprises the steps of constructing a photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm, deducing output voltage corresponding to a photovoltaic array by using the photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm and taking the generated energy distribution limit of a power grid to a photovoltaic power generation system as a control target, introducing the output voltage corresponding to the photovoltaic array into a front stage boost circuit of a photovoltaic module, and enabling the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system to follow a power demand instruction by correcting the duty ratio of the boost circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the distributed control of the photovoltaic modules in different environments based on the pre-stage distributed optimizer of the photovoltaic modules, further corrects the maximum power voltage of the regional photovoltaic modules, enables the maximum power voltage to change along with the external environment, and realizes the GMPPT of the photovoltaic array in different environments.
According to the photovoltaic consumption control strategy, when the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system of the regional power grid is excessive, the regional photovoltaic is managed in a fragmentation mode according to the actual generated energy condition of the regional photovoltaic, the generated energy distribution limit of the regional power grid is taken as a control target, and the corresponding output voltage of the roof photovoltaic array is deduced, so that the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can quickly follow the main grid demand instruction, extra equipment does not need to be added, and the problem of the excessive energy of the photovoltaic power generation system can be solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a main structure of an optimized chopper
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
the invention discloses a non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting the generating capacity of a photovoltaic power supply, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: based on a photovoltaic module preceding-stage distributed optimizer, namely a chopper, as shown in fig. 1, corresponding control is realized by inputting different duty ratios through the chopper, the photovoltaic module is subjected to decentralized control under different environmental conditions, photovoltaic module environmental correction parameters under the current external environmental conditions are derived according to the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module, the output voltage of the photovoltaic module is corrected in real time, and the maximum power tracking of the photovoltaic module is realized (the invention provides decentralized control, namely maximum power generation is realized by adopting MPPT (maximum power point tracking) in normal operation, photovoltaic array power generation is redistributed by performing power generation on photovoltaic arrays with different illumination intensities, however, the original MPPT algorithm of the photovoltaic array cannot meet the adjustment of the output power under the existing conditions, and therefore, a non-MPPT algorithm is required to meet the requirement of the current power adjustment);
step 2: constructing a photovoltaic power generation system (a photovoltaic array is a combination of a photovoltaic array plate and a chopper, a photovoltaic module is a photovoltaic array plate, the photovoltaic system is formed by combining all photovoltaic arrays) to carry out fragment management on the generated energy, and according to the actual requirement of a power grid, when the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is more than the load consumption, namely, the photovoltaic power generation system carries out the fragmentation management according to the power generation amount condition of the actual photovoltaic system, in the management of the generated energy of the photovoltaic system in a subarea mode, the photovoltaic generated energy target of the photovoltaic power generation system is set according to the optimal power under different illumination intensities (although the generated energy of the photovoltaic array under different illumination intensities is redistributed, the original MPPT algorithm of the photovoltaic array cannot meet the adjustment of the output power under the existing condition, so a non-MPPT algorithm is needed to meet the requirement of the current power adjustment);
and step 3: the method comprises the steps of constructing a photovoltaic array Non-MPPT (Non-maximum power point tracking) algorithm, utilizing the photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm to take the generated energy distribution limit of a power grid to a photovoltaic power generation system as a control target (the control of a preceding-stage distributed optimizer, achieving the purpose of outputting corresponding power of the photovoltaic system by adjusting the duty ratio of the preceding-stage distributed optimizer, and achieving the consumption of the photovoltaic system), deducing corresponding output voltage of the photovoltaic array by combining a subsequent formula 5, introducing the corresponding output voltage of the photovoltaic array to a preceding-stage boost circuit of a photovoltaic module, enabling the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system to follow a power demand instruction by correcting the duty ratio of the boost circuit, taking the generated energy distribution limit of the power grid to the photovoltaic system as the control target, and enabling the photovoltaic system to achieve the purpose through a Non-maximum.
In the technical scheme, the photovoltaic modules are directly connected with the chopper, voltage clamping between the parallel photovoltaic arrays and current clamping of the photovoltaic modules of the serial branches are eliminated, and each photovoltaic module is enabled to output according to the maximum power. Although the chopper circuit is added in the mode, the cost is favorably reduced along with the integration technology and the scale production thereof.
Working principle of the distributed coupling structure: the distributed connection structure adopts a Buck circuit to raise the output current of the shielding part of the series photovoltaic array, so that the current clamping effect is avoided; the non-shielding part adopts a Boost circuit to carry out photovoltaicAnd module MPPT. The structure is shown in FIG. 1, Q1-Q5 are all power transistors (Giant Transistor, GTR), CinIs an input capacitance, CoutFor the output capacitance, L1 is inductance, and the H bridge main circuit includes four operating states: a Buck mode; boost mode; a conducting mode; short circuit mode. When Q3 and Q5 are normally closed, Q4 is normally open, and Q1 and Q2 work to form a Buck circuit. Q1 is working switch tube, Q2 executes inverse logic of Q1, then Uout＝D·Uin，UinIs an input voltage UoutThe output voltage D is the duty cycle of the inverter. When the Q1 is normally on, the Q2 and the Q5 are normally off, and the Q3 and the Q4 work to form a Boost circuit. Q3 is working switch tube, Q4 executes inverse logic of Q3, then Uout＝Uin(l-D). Under normal no mismatch operating condition, photovoltaic module just works at its maximum power point, when MPPT pursuit result and its operating voltage difference are less than 2%, Q5 switches on, and other switch tubes are normally closed, and whole DC/DC circuit is short-circuited to guarantee photovoltaic system generating efficiency. If the photovoltaic module seriously shields the condition, if U appearsoutConversely, D1 is turned on and the entire assembly is shorted.
In step 1 of the above technical scheme, an environment adaptive algorithm is constructed, and external environment variables (including illumination intensity S and temperature t) of each photovoltaic array are obtained through the environment adaptive algorithm, and the specific method includes the following steps:
step 101: according to the voltage and current characteristics of the photovoltaic semiconductor and an environment correction method, the output of the photovoltaic array is obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002563915800000051
in the formula IscIs the short circuit current of the photovoltaic array; u shapeocIs the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic array; i ismOutputting current for the maximum power of the photovoltaic array; u shapemIs the maximum power output voltage of the photovoltaic array; m is the serial number of the photovoltaic array; n is the number of parallel connection of the photovoltaic array; s, t respectively represents the intensity of illumination input by the external environment and the ambient temperature input by the external environment, a represents the current temperature compensation coefficient c represents the voltage temperature compensation coefficient,b is the light intensity compensation coefficient (determined by historical experience and literature reference), SrefAnd trefRespectively representing standard illumination intensity and standard illumination temperature, wherein delta U and delta I respectively represent correction coefficients of voltage and current environments; u is the voltage output by the conductor of the photovoltaic panel, C1And C2Is a transition variable in formula 1, and e is a natural constant;
step 102: sampling the output voltage U of the photovoltaic module at the time points of K-1 and K-2 (the time point of K is the time point to be researched)(k-1)、U(k-2)And an output current I(k-1)、I(k-2)Substituting the formula 1 into the environment correction parameter under the current external environment:
Figure BDA0002563915800000061
wherein, UPV_(k-1)Represents the photovoltaic module output voltage, I, over a period of k-1PV_(k-2)Represents the photovoltaic module output current, I, over a period of k-2PV_(k-1)Represents the output current, U, of the photovoltaic module in the k-1 time periodPV_(k-2)Represents the photovoltaic module output voltage over a period of k-2;
therefore, the external environment variables, the illumination intensity S and the temperature t of each photovoltaic array can be obtained by taking the correction parameter obtained by the formula (3) into the formula (1), and the voltage corresponding to the maximum output power of the photovoltaic array can be obtained according to the voltage correction parameter in the formula (2)
Figure BDA0002563915800000064
：
Figure BDA0002563915800000062
Step 103: obtained by the formula (3)
Figure BDA0002563915800000063
Introducing into distributed pre-stage optimizer, and combining with conventional conductance increment method (the obtained reference voltage value is used for judging the slope of power-voltage curve in conventional conductance increment method to make chopper outputMaximum power is output), and maximum power tracking of the photovoltaic array is realized;
step 104: substituting the correction parameters delta U and delta I obtained by the formula (2) into an output expression of the photovoltaic array, namely a formula 1, so as to obtain the input illumination intensity S of each photovoltaic array under the correction parameters delta U and delta I1Ambient temperature t1；
Figure BDA0002563915800000071
Wherein, UkFor the current maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic array, IkThe current maximum power point current of the photovoltaic array is obtained.
Step 1 is mainly to construct an environment adaptive algorithm, the external environment variable of the photovoltaic array can be obtained by substituting the correction parameter into step 1, and the illumination intensity and the temperature of the photovoltaic array are obtained by assuming the current and voltage instead of the maximum power tracking method. Namely, the environment self-adaptive algorithm provides a formula of external environment variables for the non-maximum power tracking method.
According to the technical scheme, in the step 2, the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is managed in a slicing mode, the illumination intensity of the photovoltaic power generation system is used for participating in surplus adjustment of the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system, the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is adjusted according to different illumination intensities, and if the required generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is detected to be P between power gridsrealRespectively obtaining the illumination intensity of each photovoltaic array according to the Non-MPPT self-adaptive algorithm, and setting the illumination intensity to be greater than S1The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is PaThe illumination intensity is in the interval [ S ]1,S2]，S1>S2The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is PbIllumination intensity at S2The following photovoltaic array generated power is PcThen, then
Figure BDA0002563915800000072
In step 3 of the above technical scheme, output voltage static-error-free adjustment (i.e., accurate adjustment, no error) under the condition of excessive generated energy is realized through a Non-MPPT algorithm of the photovoltaic array, so that the output power of the photovoltaic array can be adjusted according to the actual power grid requirement, and the current output power expression of the photovoltaic array can be obtained by combining an external environment variable expression and the photovoltaic array output expression, i.e., formula 1:
Figure BDA0002563915800000081
in the formula, PpvRepresenting the output power, U, of the photovoltaic modulepvRepresents the photovoltaic module output voltage;
when the surplus power generation amount of the regional power grid is detected, substituting the photovoltaic power generation amounts with different illumination intensities in the formula (5) into the formula (6) to obtain the voltages required to be adjusted under different illumination intensities:
Figure BDA0002563915800000082
in the formula, the power generation amount of the photovoltaic array with the illumination intensity of more than 700W/m2 is P1The illumination intensity is in the interval [700W/m2,400W/m2]The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is P2The power generation amount of the photovoltaic array with the illumination intensity below 400W/m2 is P3E is an intermediate variable in formula 7, S, t represents the intensity of the light input by the external environment and the ambient temperature input by the external environment respectively,
Figure BDA0002563915800000083
for photovoltaic power generation capacity of P1The voltage is required to be adjusted by the photovoltaic array,
Figure BDA0002563915800000084
for photovoltaic power generation capacity of P2The voltage is required to be adjusted by the photovoltaic array,
Figure BDA0002563915800000085
for photovoltaic power generation capacity of P3Voltage, u, required to be regulated by the photovoltaic arrayg_NRated for the grid-connected point voltage (voltage of a photovoltaic system and of an electrical grid point, i.e. a PCC point), Ps_pvRepresenting the output power of the photovoltaic array, obtained according to equation 7
Figure BDA0002563915800000086
And
Figure BDA0002563915800000087
then, the U under different illumination intensities* pvI.e. by
Figure BDA0002563915800000088
And
Figure BDA0002563915800000089
instead of U in equation 3* mThe following can be obtained:
Figure BDA00025639158000000810
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002563915800000091
representing the adjusted inverter duty cycle, D representing the actual inverter duty cycle, UpvRepresenting the photovoltaic module output voltage, kp、kiFor Boost circuit PI controller parameters, s is a complex variable in the transfer function.
In step 2 of the above technical scheme, when the photovoltaic power generation system operates normally, the maximum power generation can be realized by adopting the MPPT operation mode. The power generation capacity of the photovoltaic power generation system is directly related to the current illumination intensity, and different illumination intensities correspond to respective maximum powers, so that if the illumination intensity of the photovoltaic power generation system is used for adjusting the excess power generation capacity, the power generation capacity condition corresponding to the current illumination intensity needs to be known.
In step 1 of the above technical scheme, the different environmental conditions include conditions that the illumination intensity is suddenly changed due to the shielding of foreign objects and the output power of the photovoltaic array is adjusted.
In the technical scheme, when the photovoltaic modules are subjected to decentralized control under different environmental conditions, when the photovoltaic array is not shaded, the control is carried out by maximum power tracking, the regional photovoltaic is subjected to subarea management according to the actual illumination intensity condition of the regional photovoltaic according to the power requirement of the main network, the generated energy distribution limit of the regional power grid is taken as a control target, the Non-MPPT algorithm control is executed by adjusting the photovoltaic array pre-stage optimization controller, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is adjusted, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can quickly follow the main network requirement instruction, and the excess of the regional photovoltaic generated energy is eliminated.
In step 2 of the above technical scheme, the photovoltaic power generation system is managed in segments according to the power generation amount of the actual photovoltaic system, different illumination intensities are set to correspond to respective maximum powers, and the illumination intensities are divided into three intervals: the interval larger than 700W/m2 is divided into a zone; the illumination intensity is in the interval of 700W/m2,400W/m2]Is divided into two zones; and dividing the illumination intensity below 400W/m2 into three areas, and if the power generation amount of the required photovoltaic system is detected to be P between regional power grids, respectively obtaining the illumination intensity of each photovoltaic array according to a self-adaptive algorithm. Assuming that the illumination intensity is greater than 700W/m2The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is P1The illumination intensity is in the interval [700W/m ]2,400W/m2]The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is P2The illumination intensity is 400W/m2The following photovoltaic array generated power is P3The formula is shown in appendix 3.
Figure BDA0002563915800000092
In step 3 of the above technical scheme, the process of constructing the Non-MPPT algorithm is as follows: when the fact that the power generation amount of the photovoltaic system of the regional power grid is larger than the load consumption amount is detected, the power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation system built in the step 2 is managed in a partitioned mode, output power obtained by different illumination intensities can be brought into voltage regulation formulas (namely in a formula 7) under different illumination intensities, output voltage corresponding to a photovoltaic array is deduced, the obtained output voltage is brought into a photovoltaic module pre-stage distributed optimizer (namely a chopper), and the duty ratio of the photovoltaic module pre-stage distributed optimizer is changed so that the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system follows the required power.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A non-maximum power tracking method suitable for adjusting the generated energy of a photovoltaic power supply is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: based on a photovoltaic module pre-stage distributed optimizer, carrying out photovoltaic module decentralized control under different environmental conditions, deriving photovoltaic module environmental correction parameters under the current external environmental conditions according to the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module, correcting the output voltage of the photovoltaic module in real time, and realizing maximum power tracking of the photovoltaic module;
step 2: constructing the fragment management of the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system, and carrying out fragment management on the photovoltaic power generation system according to the generated energy condition of the actual photovoltaic system when the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is greater than the load consumption according to the actual requirement of a power grid, and setting the photovoltaic generated energy target of the photovoltaic power generation system at the optimal power under different illumination intensities in the fragment management of the generated energy of the photovoltaic system;
and step 3: the method comprises the steps of constructing a photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm, deducing output voltage corresponding to a photovoltaic array by using the photovoltaic array Non-MPPT algorithm and taking the generated energy distribution limit of a power grid to a photovoltaic power generation system as a control target, introducing the output voltage corresponding to the photovoltaic array into a front stage boost circuit of a photovoltaic module, and enabling the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system to follow a power demand instruction by correcting the duty ratio of the boost circuit.
2. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by: and the photovoltaic modules are directly connected with the chopper, voltage clamping between the parallel photovoltaic arrays and current clamping of the photovoltaic modules of the serial branches are eliminated, and each photovoltaic module is enabled to output according to the maximum power.
3. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by:
in the step 1, an environment adaptive algorithm is constructed, and external environment variables of each photovoltaic array are obtained through the environment adaptive algorithm, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
step 101: according to the voltage and current characteristics of the photovoltaic semiconductor and an environment correction method, the output of the photovoltaic array is obtained as follows:
Figure FDA0002563915790000021
in the formula IscIs the short circuit current of the photovoltaic array; u shapeocIs the open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic array; i ismOutputting current for the maximum power of the photovoltaic array; u shapemIs the maximum power output voltage of the photovoltaic array; m is the serial number of the photovoltaic array; n is the number of parallel connection of the photovoltaic array; s, t respectively representing the intensity of illumination input by the external environment and the ambient temperature input by the external environment, a representing the current temperature compensation coefficient c representing the voltage temperature compensation coefficient, b representing the light intensity compensation coefficient, SrefAnd trefRespectively representing standard illumination intensity and standard illumination temperature, wherein delta U and delta I respectively represent correction coefficients of voltage and current environments; u is the voltage output by the conductor of the photovoltaic panel, C1And C2Is a transition variable in formula 1, and e is a natural constant;
step 102: sampling the output voltage U of the photovoltaic module at the k-1 and k-2 moments(k-1)、U(k-2)And an output current I(k-1)、I(k-2)Substituting the formula 1 into the environment correction parameter under the current external environment:
Figure FDA0002563915790000022
wherein, UPV_(k-1)Represents the photovoltaic module output voltage, I, over a period of k-1PV_(k-2)Represents the photovoltaic module output current, I, over a period of k-2PV_(k-1)Represents the output current, U, of the photovoltaic module in the k-1 time periodPV_(k-2)Represents the photovoltaic module output voltage over a period of k-2;
therefore, the external environment variables, the illumination intensity S and the temperature of each photovoltaic array can be obtained by taking the correction parameter obtained by the formula (3) into the formula (1)t, the voltage corresponding to the maximum power output by the photovoltaic array can be obtained according to the voltage correction parameter in the formula (2)
Figure FDA0002563915790000031
Figure FDA0002563915790000032
Step 103: obtained by the formula (3)
Figure FDA0002563915790000033
A distributed pre-stage optimizer is brought in, and the maximum power tracking of the photovoltaic array is realized by combining with a traditional conductance incremental method;
step 104: substituting the correction parameters delta U and delta I obtained by the formula (2) into an output expression of the photovoltaic array, namely a formula 1, so as to obtain the input illumination intensity S of each photovoltaic array under the correction parameters delta U and delta I1Ambient temperature t1；
Figure FDA0002563915790000034
Wherein, UkFor the current maximum power point voltage of the photovoltaic array, IkThe current maximum power point current of the photovoltaic array is obtained.
4. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by:
the photovoltaic power generation system generated energy fragment management in the step 2 utilizes the illumination intensity of the photovoltaic power generation system to participate in the excess adjustment of the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system, the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is adjusted according to different illumination intensities, and if the required generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation system is detected to be P between power gridsrealRespectively obtaining the illumination intensity of each photovoltaic array according to the Non-MPPT self-adaptive algorithm, and setting the illumination intensity to be greater than S1The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is PaThe illumination intensity is in the interval [ S ]1,S2]，S1>S2The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is PbIllumination intensity at S2The following photovoltaic array generated power is PcThen, then
Figure FDA0002563915790000041
5. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by: in the step 3, output voltage static-error-free adjustment under the condition of excessive generated energy is realized through a Non-MPPT algorithm of the photovoltaic array, so that the output power of the photovoltaic array can be adjusted according to the actual power grid requirement, and the current output power expression of the photovoltaic array can be obtained by combining an external environment variable expression and a photovoltaic array output expression:
Figure FDA0002563915790000042
in the formula, PpvRepresenting the output power, U, of the photovoltaic modulepvRepresents the photovoltaic module output voltage;
when the surplus power generation amount of the regional power grid is detected, substituting the photovoltaic power generation amounts with different illumination intensities in the formula (5) into the formula (6) to obtain the voltages required to be adjusted under different illumination intensities:
Figure FDA0002563915790000051
in the formula, the power generation amount of the photovoltaic array with the illumination intensity of more than 700W/m2 is P1The illumination intensity is in the interval [700W/m2,400W/m2]The generated energy of the photovoltaic array is P2The power generation amount of the photovoltaic array with the illumination intensity below 400W/m2 is P3E is an intermediate variable in formula 7, S, t represents the intensity of the light input by the external environment and the ambient temperature input by the external environment respectively,
Figure FDA0002563915790000052
for photovoltaic power generation capacity of P1The voltage is required to be adjusted by the photovoltaic array,
Figure FDA0002563915790000053
for photovoltaic power generation capacity of P2The voltage is required to be adjusted by the photovoltaic array,
Figure FDA0002563915790000054
for photovoltaic power generation capacity of P3Voltage, u, required to be regulated by the photovoltaic arrayg_NFor grid-connection point voltage rating, Ps_pvRepresenting the output power of the photovoltaic array, obtained according to equation 7
Figure FDA0002563915790000055
And
Figure FDA0002563915790000056
then, the U under different illumination intensities* pvI.e. by
Figure FDA0002563915790000057
Figure FDA0002563915790000058
And
Figure FDA0002563915790000059
instead of U in equation 3* mThe following can be obtained:
Figure FDA00025639157900000510
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA00025639157900000511
representing the adjusted inverter duty cycle, D representing the actual inverter duty cycle, UpvRepresenting the photovoltaic module output voltage, kp、kiFor Boost circuit PI controller parameters, s is a complex variable in the transfer function.
6. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by: in the step 1, the different environmental conditions include the condition that the illumination intensity is suddenly changed due to the shielding of foreign objects and the output power of the photovoltaic array is adjusted.
7. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by: when the photovoltaic modules are subjected to decentralized control under different environmental conditions, when the photovoltaic array is not shaded, the maximum power tracking is used for controlling, the regional photovoltaic is subjected to partition management according to the actual illumination intensity condition of the regional photovoltaic according to the power requirement of the main network, the generated energy distribution limit of the regional power grid is used as a control target, the Non-MPPT algorithm control of the regional power grid is executed by adjusting the photovoltaic array pre-stage optimization controller, the output power of the regional power grid is adjusted, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can quickly follow the main network requirement instruction, and the surplus of the regional photovoltaic generated energy is eliminated.
8. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 1, characterized by: in the step 2, the photovoltaic power generation system is managed in a slicing mode according to the power generation amount of the actual photovoltaic system, different illumination intensities are set to correspond to respective maximum powers, and the illumination intensities are divided into three intervals: the interval larger than 700W/m2 is divided into a zone; dividing the illumination intensity into two regions in the interval [700W/m2,400W/m2 ]; and dividing the illumination intensity below 400W/m2 into three areas, and if the power generation amount of the required photovoltaic system is detected to be P between regional power grids, respectively obtaining the illumination intensity of each photovoltaic array according to a self-adaptive algorithm.
9. The non-maximum power tracking method suitable for power generation regulation of a photovoltaic power supply according to claim 5, characterized by: in the step 3, the process of constructing the Non-MPPT algorithm comprises the following steps: when the fact that the power generation amount of the photovoltaic system of the regional power grid is larger than the load consumption amount is detected, the power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation system built in the step 2 is managed in a slicing mode, output power obtained by different illumination intensities can be brought into voltage regulation formulas under different illumination intensities, output voltage corresponding to a photovoltaic array is deduced, the obtained output voltage is brought into a photovoltaic module pre-stage distributed optimizer, and the duty ratio of the photovoltaic module pre-stage distributed optimizer is changed so that the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system can follow the required power.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113489007A (en) * 2021-08-20 2021-10-08 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Photovoltaic output prediction method and system based on edge Internet of things proxy
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