Off-axis parabolic mirror gravity-eliminating three-dimensional adjusting bracket for schlieren instrument
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrodynamic measurement, in particular to an off-axis parabolic mirror gravity-eliminating three-dimensional adjusting bracket for a schlieren for observing an airflow boundary layer and a flow field.
Background
In the fluid mechanics related experiments, the schlieren has very wide application, and can be used for observing boundary layers of air flow, combustion, shock waves, cold-heat convection in air and wind tunnel or water tunnel flow fields.
In the use process of the schlieren instrument, besides being influenced by external environment, the imaging quality of the schlieren instrument has a great influence on the final measurement result due to the performance of the self-assembly of the device, wherein the schlieren primary mirror system is a great interference factor. In general, a common spherical reflector is adopted as a main mirror in the system, so that phase difference exists, the image quality is reduced, and the phase difference can be effectively eliminated by an off-axis parabolic mirror. Therefore, the imaging quality of the schlieren instrument can be improved by changing the common spherical reflector into the off-axis parabolic reflector. Although off-axis parabolic mirrors have many advantages, strict requirements are placed on their mounting and adjustment systems, and the off-axis parabolic mirror adjustment bracket must meet the following characteristics:
1. the generatrix and the optical axis of the off-axis parabolic mirror must be on the same horizontal plane, so the off-axis parabolic mirror support must have a roll function.
2. The off-axis parabolic mirror support also has yaw and pitch adjusting functions.
3. The off-axis parabolic mirror support ensures that the optical path is unchanged in the adjusting process.
4. To eliminate the self-gravity of the off-axis parabolic mirror, a special assembly mode is adopted between the off-axis parabolic mirror and the bracket.
The support for carrying the main mirror is designed into the support with the three-dimensional adjusting function, which can eliminate the gravity of the off-axis parabolic mirror, so that the off-axis parabolic mirror can be subjected to pitching, deflection and rolling adjustment, the adjustment requirement of the off-axis parabolic mirror can be met, meanwhile, the influence of the gravity of the off-axis parabolic mirror is eliminated, the adjusting precision can be greatly improved, and the image quality of the schlieren is obviously improved.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to address at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided an off-axis parabolic mirror gravity-free three-dimensional adjustment bracket for a schlieren's instrument, comprising:
the base is provided with a U-shaped supporting arm;
a rotary bent arm connected to the U-shaped support arm; a pitching adjusting mechanism for pitching adjustment of the off-axis parabolic mirror is arranged between the rotary bent arm and the U-shaped supporting arm;
a rotating frame connected to the rotating bent arm through a rotating connection plate; a rolling adjusting mechanism is arranged between the rotating mirror bracket and the rotating bent arm; the rotating mirror bracket is connected with an off-axis parabolic mirror;
a yaw adjustment mechanism for yaw adjustment of the off-axis parabolic mirror disposed within the base; and the yaw adjusting mechanism is connected with the U-shaped supporting arm.
Preferably, the pitching adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the U-shaped supporting arm, and comprises a first worm and a first worm wheel which are matched with each other, the first worm wheel is connected with the rotary bent arm, and one end of the first worm is connected with a first circular adjusting hand wheel.
Preferably, the rotating frame includes: the rotary connecting plate is provided with a mirror frame, the mirror frame is connected with a mirror chamber through a screw, and an off-axis parabolic mirror is fixed in the mirror chamber.
Preferably, the rolling adjustment mechanism is placed in the middle of the rotary bent arm, and comprises a second worm and a second worm wheel which are matched with each other, the second worm wheel is connected with the rotary connecting plate through a screw, and one end of the second worm is connected with a second circular adjusting hand wheel.
Preferably, the yaw adjustment mechanism includes: the arc-shaped protruding block is arranged in the base and is connected with the U-shaped supporting arm; the first screw is arranged at the edge of one side of the base; the second screw nut is arranged at the edge of the other side of the base; the first screw rod and the second screw rod respectively pass through the first screw nut and the second screw nut to be contacted with the two sides of the arc-shaped convex block, and the end parts of the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively connected with a third round adjusting hand wheel and a fourth round adjusting hand wheel;
the inner concave surface of the arc-shaped convex block is connected with the arc-shaped convex surface of the base.
Preferably, the connection mode of the arc-shaped protruding blocks and the U-shaped supporting arms is as follows: the U-shaped supporting arm bottom plate is provided with a square hole, and the protruding part of the arc-shaped protruding block is tightly buckled with the square hole.
Preferably, one end of the rotary bent arm is fixedly connected with a first worm wheel in the pitching adjusting mechanism through a screw, and the other end of the rotary bent arm is rotatably connected with the U-shaped supporting arm.
Preferably, the rotatable connection mode of the other end of the rotary bent arm and the U-shaped supporting arm is as follows: connected by a first bearing.
Preferably, the rotary connecting plate is further connected to the rotary bending arm through a second bearing and a third bearing, and the second bearing and the third bearing are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the roll adjustment mechanism.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
(1) The common spherical mirror is replaced by the off-axis parabolic mirror, so that the phase difference can be effectively eliminated, and the image quality can be improved.
(2) And elastic glue is smeared at the position of the off-axis parabolic mirror blank so as to be connected with the mirror chamber, so that the gravity of the off-axis parabolic mirror can be uniformly decomposed along the glue layer, the off-axis parabolic mirror is prevented from being deformed due to the gravity, and the imaging quality of a schlieren system is improved.
(3) The three-dimensional adjusting bracket with the functions of rolling, yawing and pitching has high adjusting precision and self-locking function.
(4) The three-dimensional adjusting bracket provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and easiness in operation, and is suitable for various light path adjusting systems.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an off-axis parabolic mirror gravity-eliminating three-dimensional adjusting bracket for a schlieren instrument;
FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the pitch and yaw adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded construction of the roll adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the principle of gravity elimination of the mirror chamber in the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a base structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the U-shaped support arm base plate structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an arc-shaped bump structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the arc-shaped bump and the U-shaped support arm in the present invention;
the specific embodiment is as follows:
the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1:
the off-axis parabolic mirror gravity-eliminating three-dimensional adjusting bracket for the schlieren instrument, as shown in fig. 1-3, comprises:
a base 1 on which a U-shaped support arm 2 is placed; a rotating bent arm 3 connected to the U-shaped support arm 2; a pitching adjusting mechanism 4 for pitching and adjusting the off-axis parabolic mirror is arranged between the rotary bent arm 3 and the U-shaped supporting arm 2; a rotating frame 5 connected to the rotating arm 3 via a rotating connection plate 51; a roll adjusting mechanism 6 is arranged between the rotating mirror bracket 5 and the rotating bent arm 3; the rotating mirror bracket 5 is connected with an off-axis parabolic mirror 7; a yaw adjustment mechanism 8 for off-axis parabolic mirror yaw adjustment, disposed within the bedplate 1; and the yaw adjustment mechanism 8 is connected with the U-shaped supporting arm 2. In the technical scheme, when debugging to a certain direction is needed, the pitching adjusting mechanism 4 is adjusted, and the pitching angle of the rotary bent arm 3, namely the pitching angle of the off-axis parabolic mirror 7, can be controlled; the roll adjusting mechanism 6 can control the roll angle of the rotary mirror frame 5, namely the roll angle of the off-axis parabolic mirror 7; yaw angle that yaw adjustment mechanism 8 can change U type support arm 2 is off-axis parabolic mirror 7's yaw angle promptly, reaches the required requirement of test, and every single move, roll, yaw adjustment mechanism place on different parts, avoid producing the interference each other, improve the regulation precision, and in the adjustment process, need not adjust according to specific order, convenient and fast.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1-2, the pitch adjusting mechanism 4 is disposed on one side of the U-shaped support arm 2, the pitch adjusting mechanism 4 includes a first worm 41 and a first worm wheel 42 that are matched with each other, the first worm wheel 42 is connected to the rotating curved arm 3, and one end of the first worm 41 is connected to a first circular adjusting hand wheel 43. In this way, when the first circular adjusting handwheel 43 is turned, the first worm 41 turns, driving the first turbine 42 to rotate, thereby changing the pitch angle of the rotating curved arm 3, i.e. the off-axis parabolic mirror 7.
In the above-mentioned technical solution, as shown in fig. 4, the rotating frame 5 includes: the rotary connecting plate 51 is provided with a mirror frame 52, a mirror chamber 53 is connected in the mirror frame 52 through a screw, and an off-axis parabolic mirror 7 is fixed in the mirror chamber 53; the off-axis parabolic mirror 7 is fixed on the mirror chamber 53 by means of adhesive at the position of the intermediate mirror blank 54. By adopting the mode, the off-axis parabolic mirror 7 can be fixed on the rotary mirror frame 5, meanwhile, the gravity of the off-axis parabolic mirror 7 can be uniformly decomposed along the gluing layer, the influence of the gravity on the surface type of the off-axis parabolic mirror 7 is eliminated, and the imaging quality is improved.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the roll adjustment mechanism 6 is disposed in the middle of the rotating curved arm 3, the roll adjustment mechanism 6 includes a second worm 61 and a second worm wheel 62 that are matched with each other, the second worm wheel 62 is connected with the rotating connection plate 51 through a screw, and one end of the second worm 61 is connected with a second circular adjustment hand wheel 63. In this way, when the second circular adjusting handwheel 63 is turned, the second worm 61 is turned, which drives the second turbine 62 to rotate, thereby changing the roll angle of the rotary connection plate 51, i.e., the off-axis parabolic mirror 7.
In the above-described embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the yaw adjustment mechanism 8 includes: the arc-shaped protruding block 11 is arranged in the base 1, and the arc-shaped protruding block 11 is connected with the U-shaped supporting arm 2; a first nut 81 provided at an edge of one side of the base 1; a second nut 82 disposed at the other side edge of the base 1; the first screw rod 83 and the second screw rod 84 respectively penetrate through the first screw nut 81 and the second screw nut 82 to be contacted with two sides of the arc-shaped convex block 11, and the end parts of the first screw rod 83 and the second screw rod 84 are respectively connected with a third round adjusting hand wheel 85 and a fourth adjusting hand wheel 86; wherein, the interior concave surface 113 of arc lug 11 is connected with base arc convex surface 12, and when arc lug 11 slides, base arc convex surface 12 can restrict the motion track of arc lug 11, avoids damaging yaw adjustment mechanism 8 because of rotation angle is too big. By adopting the mode, the self-locking function of the yaw adjusting mechanism 8 can be realized, the left hand and the right hand are mutually matched, the arc-shaped protruding block 11 is in a state clamped by the first screw rod 83 and the second screw rod 84, and simultaneously, when the third circular adjusting hand wheel 85 and the fourth circular adjusting hand wheel 86 are rotated in opposite directions, the arc-shaped protruding block 11 slides, the U-shaped supporting arm 2 does yaw motion around the base rotating shaft 24, namely the off-axis parabolic mirror vertex, and then the yaw angle of the U-shaped supporting arm 2, namely the off-axis parabolic mirror 7 is changed, so that yaw adjustment is realized.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 2 and 8, the connection manner between the arc-shaped protruding block 11 and the U-shaped supporting arm 2 is: the U-shaped support arm bottom plate 23 is provided with a square hole 21, and the protruding portion 112 of the arc-shaped protruding block 11 is tightly buckled with the square hole 21. In this way, the structure of the connecting member can be made simpler.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1-2, one end of the rotating bent arm 3 is fixedly connected with the first worm gear 42 in the pitch adjusting mechanism 4 through a screw, and the other end of the rotating bent arm 3 is rotatably connected with the U-shaped supporting arm 2. In this way, when the first circular adjustment handwheel 43 is rotatably arranged, the first turbine wheel 42 rotates therewith, thereby effecting a change in the pitch angle of the rotating flexure arm 3, i.e. the off-axis parabolic mirror 7.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the rotatable connection mode between the other end of the rotating bent arm 3 and the U-shaped supporting arm 2 is: connected by a first bearing 22.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 3, the rotating frame is further connected to the rotating bending arm 3 through a second bearing 31 and a third bearing 32, and the second bearing 31 and the third bearing 32 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the roll adjustment mechanism 6. By adopting the mode, the rotating mirror frame 5 can be firmly connected to the rotating bent arm 3, the rotating mirror frame 5 is prevented from extruding the rolling adjusting mechanism 6, the adjusting precision is improved, meanwhile, the rolling angle of the rotating mirror frame 5 can be limited, and the larger deviation between an optical axis and an off-axis parabolic mirror bus is avoided.
The number of equipment and the scale of processing described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. The application, modification and variation of the off-axis parabolic mirror gravity-free three-dimensional adjustment bracket for a schlieren machine of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.