CN110186341A - Blasting device and method for rapid forming of V-shaped pits in hard rock - Google Patents
Blasting device and method for rapid forming of V-shaped pits in hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN110186341A CN110186341A CN201910602105.7A CN201910602105A CN110186341A CN 110186341 A CN110186341 A CN 110186341A CN 201910602105 A CN201910602105 A CN 201910602105A CN 110186341 A CN110186341 A CN 110186341A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a blasting device and a method for rapidly forming a V-shaped pit in hard rock, wherein the blasting device comprises a detonating component (21), an upper explosive column unit (22), an explosion-proof pipe (23) and a lower explosive column unit (24) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; after the initiation assembly (21) initiates, the upper explosive column unit (22) is detonated, and then the lower explosive column unit (24) is detonated after a period of time delay through the detonation tube (23), so that the rock is subjected to delay blasting. According to the invention, through creating a secondary face, the traditional repeated reaming, charging and blasting operation is optimized into standard and modular combined charging, and through researching the charging and explosion-proof mechanism, the long-time interval detonation of charging up and down in a hard hole is realized, so that a V-shaped pit meeting the requirement of size parameters is formed well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blasting technique fields, are related to a kind of for carrying out special V-arrangement pit one-pass molding on solid rock
Demolition set and method.
Background technique
In mining, building and Military Application field, it usually needs cut the special type that section is V-arrangement on hard rock
Pit body, as shown in Figure 1, the V-arrangement pit be one it is upper it is wealthy under it is narrow, pit body oral area d be less than depth h and have certain tilt angle
It is required that V-arrangement pit, be commonly called as variation formula funnel, the mode that explosion is generallyd use in excavation carries out.It is normal that Fig. 2 gives V-arrangement pit
The forming method of rule layering explosion, bores several keyholes, including centre bore and edge hole, keyhole on the upper layer of rock first
Location arrangements such as Fig. 2 below hole location schematic diagram.The explosive of small equivalent is installed in each hole, is carried out after first layer explosion clear
Slag, then repeats the above steps and carries out the blasting clearing of the second layer again, forms the pit body finally by multiple bursting work.It should
For method the problem is that drilling hole amount is very big, the activity duration is long, and the consumption of explosive is also more, it is difficult to it is fast to meet Military Application occasion
The molding demand of speed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of demolition set and sides that special V-arrangement pit is prepared in rock one-pass molding
Method faces empty bursting work technology by secondary, it is recessed disposably to excavate out special V-arrangement in solid rock using small equivalent explosive
Hole, realizes the rapid shaping in quick-fried hole.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: demolition set includes from top to bottom
Detonation component, top powder column unit, flame proof pipe and lower part powder column unit, the demolition set set gradually is placed on prefabricated on rock
In hole, after detonation component detonation, top powder column unit is ignited to the first separate explosion of top of rock, and pass through flame proof pipe delay one
Powder column unit in lower part is ignited after the section time, the second separate explosion is carried out to the lower part of rock, form the V-arrangement pit of parameter preset.
In the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, the flame proof pipe includes by screw thread activity
The upper connection terminal and lower connection terminal of connection；Upper connection terminal is flange arrangement, and the top pencil of top powder column unit passes through
It is threadably coupled on the flange arrangement of connection terminal；The first cushion is provided between top pencil and flange arrangement；First
Cushion is hollow structure, and central through hole is internally provided with the second mild detonating fuze；Annular is provided on the outside of first cushion
Slot and the straight trough for being connected to annular groove and central through hole are equipped with the first mild detonating fuze inside annular groove and straight trough；Described
One mild detonating fuze is in contact with the second mild detonating fuze；
The upper end of lower connection terminal is sleeve, and the outside of sleeve is provided with inner sleeve and outer tube, inner sleeve and outer tube
Between be provided with several cascade endless metal expansion tubes, the lower end of lower connection terminal is flange, under the powder column unit of lower part
Portion's pencil is threaded on flange；Lower layer's powder column is provided in the pencil of lower part, lower layer's powder column inside the pencil of lower part and
The second cushion is provided between flange, the second cushion is hollow structure, and hollow part is internally provided with partition delay detonator；
In the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, the inner ring of endless metal expansion tube is provided with notch,
The position that notch is corresponded on inner sleeve and sleeve is provided with straight trough, be equipped with inside endless metal expansion tube the 4th flexibility lead it is quick-fried
Rope, the 4th mild detonating fuze is coiled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube and inside straight trough, and is connected with the second mild detonating fuze
Touching；Explosive is filled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube.
In the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, the top pencil tail end is internally provided with
First metal bulging pipe；First metal bulging pipe is machined with internal screw thread, is connected with the external screw thread on upper connection terminal flange arrangement
It connects.
In the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, the detonation component includes detonating capsule, blocks up
Head and seal closure, detonating capsule are fixed on plug by detonator connector, and detonation component is topmost provided with seal closure.
Upper layer medicine in the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, in the top powder column unit
The plug that column is initiated component blocks inside the pencil of top.
In the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, top pencil is made of PVC material；Inner sleeve
Silicon rubber is all made of with outer tube to be made.
In the above-mentioned demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, upper layer powder column and lower layer's powder column are TNT fried
Medicine.
A kind of blasting method of hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, which comprises the following steps:
[1] drill straight diameter, will be quick-fried after assembling slightly larger than the straight hole of pencil diameter on the center that rock specifies region
Breaking device is placed in hole；
[2] detonating capsule is lighted a fire, and causes the explosion of upper layer powder column, carries out the first separate explosion to rock；
[3] detonating capsule causes the explosion of upper layer powder column, and then causes the detonation of the second mild detonating fuze；
After the detonation of [4] second mild detonating fuzes, causes the first mild detonating fuze and detonate, the first metal bulging pipe bulging, the
One cushion and the first metal bulging pipe comprehensive function, carry out buffering barrier to blast wave for the first time.
[5] second mild detonating fuzes cause the 4th mild detonating fuze and explosion filling in cascade endless metal expansion tube
Object explosion, inner sleeve, outer tube, upper connection terminal, lower connection terminal, the second cushion and endless metal expansion tube comprehensive function
Buffering barrier again is carried out to blast wave for the first time；
[6] second mild detonating fuzes cause partition delay detonator, and after hundreds of milliseconds, partition delay detonator causes lower layer's powder column
Detonation carries out secondary blasting to rock, forms V-arrangement pit.
The advantageous effects that this project has are as follows:
1, conventional rock drilling chambering blasting operation is reduced to one by studying solid rock blast mechanism by the present invention
After secondary drilling, modular demolition set is directly placed into onepull pit body in pre- cavity preparation and is formed, hole number is substantially reduced
Amount, while filling time substantially shortens, and improves shaping efficiency, meets the needs of pit body rapid shaping in Military Application.Simultaneously
Using upper and lower powder charge and the measure of intermediate retardation flame proof, upper layer charging explosion forms new free face, is the powder charge of lower layer's small pit goaf
One-pass molding creates condition, and the clamping action in the quick-fried hole of upper layer back taper limits the broken range of next layer of powder charge, realizes
The control of quick-fried hole shape, final primary igniting form the V-arrangement pit for meeting size requirement.
2, the present invention is provided with flame proof pipe between top powder column unit and lower part powder column unit, so that top powder column unit
Delay a period of time ignites lower part powder column unit again after detonation, realizes the secondary blasting of rock blasting.Implement middle and upper part powder charge
Explosion time can throwing fall the rock on top, create a scope of freedom to lower part powder charge, improve lower part explosive blasting effect；Together
When two-part charge constitution make top powder charge be lower part powder charge create free face, the minimum for reducing two kinds of charge explosions is supported
Anti- line has reached a rapid shaping of V-arrangement pit with less powder charge.
3, during the present invention is implemented, top powder charge detonation will be converted into the detonation energy of lower part powder charge, and rise after long delay
Quick-fried lower part powder charge, energy hole are one of critical issues of the project.Energy attenuating is too small, can directly ignite lower part powder charge, energy
Amount weakening is excessive, and the lower part powder charge that cannot detonate, and brings and miss-fires.The present invention by design flame proof pipe structure, using hard isolation and
Soft slicing reduces the methods of impact energy step by step, obstructs top powder charge to the detonation by influence of lower part powder charge, and realize smooth propagation.
First using the polymer material polyurethane for being equipped with slicing in connection terminal rear and front end, for reducing the intensity of detonation wave；Its
The secondary ring channel structures that joined built-in mild detonating fuze in the cushion of front end prevent detonation energy from propagating downwards；Finally
It is provided with endless metal expansion tube of the two-stage with explosion filler in the middle part of flame proof pipe, is expanded under detonation wave effect, into one
Step clogs blasthole, and barrier detonation product moves downward, and stops detonation wave to be propagated, by integrating flameproof effect above, prevents
The powder column explosion rear lower cylindrantherae in portion is impacted, is destroyed and induced detonation.
4, screw thread company is all made of between demolition set of the invention and detonation component, between connection terminal and upper and lower pencil
It connects, live quick assembling may be implemented, while in order to guarantee Product Safety, reliability, in Product transport, storing process,
Each portion's powder charge institute's blasting charge uses physical isolation measure with having detonator, the ignitron etc. of detonation performance, even if ignitron, detonator
Accidental ignition detonation, guarantee will not detonating charge, mode is connected through a screw thread before use, can be quickly demolition set each group
Part links together.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ideal V-arrangement pit；
Fig. 2 is the explosive forming step schematic diagram of V-arrangement pit in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is that rapid shaping demolition set of the present invention lays implementation principle figure；
Fig. 4 is the composed structure schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the initiating unit structural schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the lower part charge unit structural schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the flame proof pipe structural schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is A-A sectional structure chart in Fig. 7 of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is B-B sectional structure chart in Fig. 7 of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of partition delay detonator of the present invention；
Appended drawing reference are as follows: 1-bottom cover；6-lower layer's powder columns；7-lower part pencils；8-partition delay detonators；9-annular gold
Belong to expansion tube；10-outer tubes；11-upper connection terminals；12-the first mild detonating fuze；13-the first cushion；14-the second
Mild detonating fuze；15-upper layer powder columns；16-top pencils；17-detonating capsules；18-plugs；19-detonator connectors；20—
Seal closure；21-detonation components；22-top powder column units；23-flame proof pipes；24-lower part powder column units；31-the second buffering
Pad；33-flanges；34-sleeves；35-inner sleeves；36-lower connection terminals；41-the first metal bulging pipe；43-thirds are soft
Property primacord；44-the four mild detonating fuze；45-explosion fillers；51-central through holes；52-annular grooves；53-straight troughs；
54-medicine cores；55-crusts；61-notches；81-delay detonators；82-connection igniting primers；83-baffle igniters；91-thunders
Pipe lead；92-pre- cavity preparations；93-demolition sets；The quick-fried hole in 94-tops；The quick-fried hole in 95-lower parts；96-rocks.
Specific embodiment
The purpose of the present invention is property explosive formings primary on hard rock to obtain the V-arrangement pit of special size, improves
The molding efficiency of pit body, and secondary filling explosive blasting construction bring operational danger is avoided, the scheme of use is in rock
It is packed into the demolition set of two-part explosive after upper drilling, and controls the delay between top explosive and lower part explosive, top is allowed to fill
Medicine is that lower part powder charge creates free face, reduces the minimum burden of two kinds of charge explosions, realizes hole with less powder charge
The onepull rapid shaping of body.
As shown in figure 3, main technological route of the invention are as follows: bore vertical direction in rock 96 using hand-held drill first
Blasthole 92, then by the present invention be integrated with upper and lower powder charge and be delayed propagation of explosion unit demolition set 93 i.e. tubular cratering explosive device according to
The height of setting, which is put into blasthole 92, ignites, and by the remote explosion of detonator lead 91, so that the first layer close to earth's surface fills
Medicine fractured rock, throwing disintegrating slag in the quick-fried hole 94 in the top that earth's surface forms inverted conical shape, and create for next layer of powder charge and newly face sky
Face.In 94 following distance of the quick-fried hole in top, separate explosion, the quick-fried hole 95 in formation lower part reach again for next layer of powder charge of delayed ignition
Primary igniting quick bursting forms V-arrangement pit.
Due to carrying out delaying blasting in the prefabricated blasthole of rock, the detonation wave that when top charging explosion generates, with hard
Hole wall propagate downwards, support to when the powder charge of lower part can the powder charge of direct detonation by influence lower part need top to fill furthermore to reach optimum efficiency
Be delayed hundreds of milliseconds after medicine explosion, and lower part powder charge of just detonating becomes the technical problem that the present invention faces.
Also there is the scheme of the upper and lower intermediate flame proof of powder column explosion in traditional explosive manner.Such as between two demolition sets
Flame proof material is set and carries out flame proof, first this flame proof material is generally only to play the role of obstructing shock wave, can not in explosion
The accurate explosion delay made between charge unit up and down, reaches upper layer powder charge of the present invention for lower layer's powder charge and provides wanting for free face
It asks；Second the present invention will guarantee the shape and size of V-arrangement pit, need to drill out one and demolition set on solid rock in advance
The bigger blasthole of diameter, therefore entire two-stage explosion carries out in the rock hole of a confined space, the explosion on explosion time upper layer
Shock wave energy ignites lower section explosive simultaneously and the effect of delay initiation is not achieved.Only overcome problem above, could finally realize
The rapid shaping of V-arrangement pit on solid rock.
As shown in figure 4, rock blasting device of the invention includes the detonation component 21 set gradually from top to bottom, top medicine
Pole unit 22, flame proof pipe 23 and lower part powder column unit 24；After the component 21 that detonates detonates, top powder column unit 22 is ignited to upper layer rock
The first separate explosion of stone, and ignite lower part powder column unit 24 after postponing a period of time by flame proof pipe 23 and second is carried out to underlying rock
Separate explosion forms the special V-arrangement pit for meeting size requirement.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, top powder column unit 22 includes the upper layer being arranged inside top pencil 16 and top pencil 16
Powder column 15, the plug 18 that upper layer powder column 15 is initiated component 21 block inside top pencil 16；Top pencil 16 is PVC material
It is made, predominantly mitigation weight.
The component 21 that detonates includes detonating capsule 17, plug 18 and seal closure 20, and quick-fried detonator 17 is used for the upper layer explosive that detonates, it
(not marking in figure) is connected in series with fuse cord and daraf(reciprocal of farad) igniter cap, usually individually storage, with sharp safety.Detonating capsule 17 passes through thunder
Pipe fitting 19 is fixed on plug 18, and plug 18 is made of plastics, is risen and is blocked upper layer explosive column and can fix detonator joint action.
Detonation 21 the top of component is provided with seal closure 20.Seal closure 20 plays sealing, waterproof and dustproof and protective effect.Detonator connector 19
Ensure the quick grafting of detonator in place and cannot pull, it is convenient and fast connection.
Fig. 6 gives 24 structural representation of lower part powder column unit of demolition set of the present invention, under lower part powder column unit 24 includes
Lower layer's powder column 6 of portion's pencil 7 and internal installation.Lower part pencil 7 is made of cold-drawn steel, on the one hand prevents for flame proof, another party
Face generates the impact to lower part powder charge for detonation when resisting top powder charge.
Fig. 7 to Figure 10 gives demolition set flame proof pipe structure of the present invention, and flame proof pipe 23 includes upper connection terminal 11 under
Connection terminal 36, the effect of connection terminal is to connect top powder column unit 22 and lower part powder column unit 24, and plays propagation of explosion, blocks
The effects of with support.
In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, upper connection terminal 11 is flange arrangement, and the top pencil 16 of top powder column unit 22 passes through screw thread
It is connected on the flange arrangement of connection terminal 11；Pencil 16 tail end in top is internally provided with as a preferred method,
One metal bulging pipe 41；First metal bulging pipe 41 is machined with internal screw thread, with the external screw thread on upper 11 flange arrangement of connection terminal
It is connected.
The first cushion 13 is provided between top pencil 16 and flange arrangement.First cushion 13 is hollow structure, the
Two mild detonating fuzes 14 through-hole 51 through its center；The outside of first cushion 13 be provided with annular groove 52 be connected to 52 He of annular groove
First mild detonating fuze 12 is installed inside the straight trough 53 of central through hole 51, annular groove 52 and straight trough 53.First mild detonating fuze
12 middle section is wrapped in annular groove 52, and both ends are laid in straight trough 53.
Primacord includes medicine core 54 and crust 55 in Fig. 8, and the medicine core 54 and crust 55 of the first mild detonating fuze 12 are then with
The crust reliable contacts of two mild detonating fuzes 14, it is ensured that reliable to ignite.Second mild detonating fuze 14 mainly plays propagation of explosion, by
One mild detonating fuze 12 and subsequent partition delay detonator 8 are reliably ignited, and block the first metal bulging pipe 41 after exploding
Prevent it from moving down.The effect of first metal bulging pipe 41 is connection top powder column unit 22 and upper connection terminal 11, inside
Equipped with cushion, 22 detonation energy of pole unit that can be added medicine to effective attenuation is transmitted downwards.Cushion is made of polyurethane, can
The top explosive detonation bring that decays impact and destruction protect lower layer's medicament and the safety of other associated members, prevent metal from connecting
Connecting terminal is lost the effects of closure support by impact failure.
As shown in figures 7 and 9, the upper end of lower connection terminal 36 is sleeve 34, and the outside of sleeve 34 is provided with inner sleeve 35
With outer tube 10, inner sleeve 35 and outer tube 10 are all made of silicon rubber and are made, and are provided with ring between inner sleeve 35 and outer tube 10
Shape metal expansion pipe 9.Inner sleeve 35 is hollow structure, and through-hole, endless metal expand the second mild detonating fuze 14 through its center
The inner ring of pipe 9 is provided with notch 61, and the position that notch 61 is corresponded on inner sleeve 35 and sleeve 34 is provided with straight trough 53, and endless metal is swollen
4th mild detonating fuze 44 is installed inside tube expansion 9, the 4th mild detonating fuze 44 be coiled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube 9 and
Inside straight trough 53, and with 14 reliable contacts of the second mild detonating fuze, it is ensured that it is reliable to ignite.The pipe of this outer annular metal expansion tube 9
It is inside also filled with explosion filler 45, the material of explosion filler 45 is explosive, can be ignited by primacord 44, explosion time is to ring
Shape metal expansion pipe 9 generates an active force, is allowed to radial bulging, and endless metal expansion tube 9 is embedded in outer made of silicon rubber
In casing 10, the outer diameter expansion for the rear sleeve that explodes, which increases, fits closely closure, while internal explosion filler 45 with petrosal foramen wall
After exploding, the detonation wave passed down after exploding to top powder column unit 22 plays barrier effect, prevents the powder column on top from exploding
Detonation energy transmits downwards afterwards, causes lower part pencil by transition impact, destroys, prevents induced detonation or rush to summit.Wherein explosion filling
Object 45 aims to overcome that the brisance of traditional primacord is small, is not sufficient to ensure that the effective swollen of endless metal expansion tube 9
It is swollen, it is ensured that explosion has enough expansive forces, plays and top explosive is blocked to transmit caused destruction downwards.
The lower end of lower connection terminal 36 is flange 33, and the lower part pencil 7 of lower part powder column unit 24 is threaded in method
On orchid 33；The second cushion 31 is provided between lower layer's powder column 6 and flange 33, the second cushion 31 is hollow structure, hollow part
Position is internally provided with partition delay detonator 8；On the one hand partition delay detonator 8 can live the energy barrier of primacord, on the other hand
Extension time and the detonation that can not influence the partition other end again, serve and form a connecting link.
In Figure 10, partition delay detonator 8 is made of delay detonator 81, connection igniting primer 82 and baffle igniter 83, partition
Igniter 83 on the internal screw thread of lower 36 central through hole of connection terminal, and is led with the second flexibility quick-fried by the external screw thread twist-on on head
Rope 14 docks.Baffle igniter effect is that detonation is turned burning, lights the delay powder of partition delay detonator 8, realizes delayed exploding.
In implementation, the second mild detonating fuze 14 is ignited after the blast impulse of upper layer powder column 15, the second mild detonating fuze 14 is again
The explosive of the first mild detonating fuze 12,83 input terminal of the 4th mild detonating fuze 44 and baffle igniter is ignited, then is passed by connection
82 medicament of fire tube ignites delay detonator 81, and after the setting time that is delayed, lower layer's powder column 6 is ignited.Partition delay detonator 8 is using conventional
The prior art, the time of delaying can ensure duration precision with product customization, and the extension of partition delay detonator 8 is about in this project
500 milliseconds.
The assembling of the entire demolition set of the present invention and detonation mode are as follows: before use, detonation component 21 is installed top
On pencil 16, then by top pencil 16 and upper 11 screw thread twist-on of connection terminal, finally again by the lower part medicine of lower part powder column unit 24
Pipe 7 is tightened with lower 36 screw thread of connection terminal, finally blocks the both ends of blasthole, takes out detonator electric wire, connects detonation electric wire, and electric wire is long
Degree is not less than 100 meters, and electric wire is pulled to home, connects dedicated initiator, is guaranteeing the live feelings without personnel, equipment of detonating
Under condition, detonate.
Below to introduce the design scheme and the molding principle of V-arrangement pit onepull that are used for demolition set.
(1) V-arrangement pit requirement
As shown in Figure 1, V-arrangement pit is inverted cone-shaped structure, pit body is not less than 110 centimetres deeply, and 50 centimetres of bottom width, bore is not small
In 65 centimetres.Substantially one it is upper it is wealthy under narrow cone, variation formula explosive funnel can also be referred to as；It is required that frying hole after explosion
Interior no concave-convex and unstable rock, while cheating interior sillar and being convenient for manual cleaning.
(2) parameter designing
The parameter of entire demolition set is as follows: top powder charge pipe is made of PVC material, having a size of 250mm × φ 70mm,
Top powder charge is 1.01 kilograms, and component weight is less than 1.5kg；Flame proof pipe is made of expanding material, and size is less than 200mm × φ
70mm, weight are less than 1.2kg；Powder charge pipe in lower part is made of the preferable A3 steel of ductility, and size is less than 300mm × φ 70mm,
Lower part powder charge is 1.2 kilograms, and component weight is less than 2.0kg.The flame proof delay time of upper and lower pencil is not less than 500ms.
(3) V-arrangement pit one-pass molding principle
The explosion principle of demolition set of the present invention is as follows:
[1] it is slightly larger than the pre- cavity preparation of pencil diameter using hand-held drill drill straight diameter first on rock, after then assembling
Demolition set be placed in hole；
[2] detonating capsule 17 is lighted a fire, and is caused upper layer powder column 15 and is exploded, and carries out first blasting to rock；
[3] detonation of second mild detonating fuze 14 of the initiation of detonating capsule 17 or upper layer powder column 15 cause the second flexibility after exploding and lead
Quick-fried rope 14 detonates；
After the detonation of [4] second mild detonating fuzes 14, cause the detonation of the first mild detonating fuze 12, the first metal bulging pipe 41 is swollen
Shape, 41 comprehensive function of the first cushion 13 and the first metal bulging pipe, carries out buffering barrier to blast wave for the first time；
[5] second mild detonating fuzes 14 cause the 4th mild detonating fuze 44 in cascade endless metal expansion tube 9 and quick-fried
Fried filler 45 explodes, inner sleeve 35, outer tube 10, upper connection terminal 11, lower connection terminal 36, the second cushion 31 and annular
Under 9 comprehensive function of metal expansion pipe, buffering again is carried out to blast wave for the first time and is obstructed；
[6] second mild detonating fuzes 14 cause partition delay detonator 8, and after hundreds of milliseconds, partition delay detonator 8 causes lower layer
Powder column 6 detonates, and carries out secondary blasting to rock, forms V-arrangement pit.
The present invention can implement on solid rock depth greater than 1.1 meters onepull form, it can also be used on rock its
The explosive forming of his special pit.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of demolition set for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: demolition set (93) include from upper and
Under the detonation component (21), top powder column unit (22), flame proof pipe (23) and the lower part powder column unit (24) that set gradually, explosion dress
It sets (93) to be placed on rock (96) in pre- cavity preparation (92), after detonation component (21) detonation, it is right to ignite top powder column unit (22)
The first separate explosion of top of rock (96), and it is right to ignite lower part powder column unit (24) after postponing a period of time by flame proof pipe (23)
The lower part of rock (96) carries out the second separate explosion, forms the V-arrangement pit of parameter preset.
2. the demolition set according to claim 1 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: described
Flame proof pipe (23) includes the upper connection terminal (11) and lower connection terminal (36) being actively coupled by screw thread；Upper connection terminal (11)
For flange arrangement, the top pencil (16) of top powder column unit (22) is threaded the flange knot in upper connection terminal (11)
On structure；The first cushion (13) are provided between top pencil (16) and flange arrangement；First cushion (13) is hollow structure,
Its central through hole (51) is internally provided with the second mild detonating fuze (14)；Annular groove (52) are provided on the outside of first cushion (13)
It is soft that first is equipped with the straight trough (53) for being connected to annular groove (52) and central through hole (51), inside annular groove (52) and straight trough (53)
Property primacord (12)；First mild detonating fuze (12) is in contact with the second mild detonating fuze (14)；
The upper end of lower connection terminal (36) is sleeve (34), and the outside of sleeve (34) is provided with inner sleeve (35) and outer tube
(10), several cascade endless metal expansion tubes (9), lower connection terminal are provided between inner sleeve (35) and outer tube (10)
(36) lower end is flange (33), and the lower part pencil (7) of lower part powder column unit (24) is threaded on flange (33)；Under
It is provided with lower layer's powder column (6) in portion's pencil (7), is provided between lower part pencil (7) internal lower layer's powder column (6) and flange (33)
Second cushion (31), the second cushion (31) are hollow structure, and hollow part is internally provided with partition delay detonator (8).
3. the demolition set according to claim 2 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: annular gold
The inner ring for belonging to expansion tube (9) is provided with notch (61), and the position that notch (61) is corresponded on inner sleeve (35) and sleeve (34) is provided with
Straight trough (53), endless metal expansion tube (9) is internal to be equipped with the 4th mild detonating fuze (44), the coiling of the 4th mild detonating fuze (44)
In the pipe of endless metal expansion tube (9) and straight trough (53) is internal, and is in contact with the second mild detonating fuze (14)；Endless metal
Explosive is filled in the pipe of expansion tube (9).
4. the demolition set according to claim 2 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: on described
Portion's pencil (16) tail end is internally provided with the first metal bulging pipe (41)；First metal bulging pipe (41) is machined with internal screw thread,
It is connected with the external screw thread on upper connection terminal (11) flange arrangement.
5. the demolition set according to claim 1 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: described
Detonation component (21) includes detonating capsule (17), plug (18) and seal closure (20), and detonating capsule (17) passes through detonator connector
(19) it is fixed on plug (18), detonation component (21) is topmost provided with seal closure (20).
6. the demolition set according to claim 2 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: described
The plug (18) that upper layer powder column (15) in top powder column unit (22) is initiated component (21) blocks in top pencil (16)
Portion.
7. the demolition set according to claim 1 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: top medicine
Pipe (16) is made of PVC material；Inner sleeve (35) and outer tube (10) are all made of silicon rubber and are made.
8. the demolition set according to claim 1 for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping, it is characterised in that: upper layer medicine
Column (15) and lower layer's powder column (6) are TNT explosive.
9. utilize according to claim 1-8 it is one of any described in the demolition set progress for hard rock V-arrangement pit rapid shaping
The method of explosion, which comprises the following steps:
[1] drill straight diameter fills the explosion after assembling slightly larger than the straight hole of pencil diameter on the center that rock specifies region
Placement location is in hole；
[2] detonating capsule (17) is lighted a fire, and causes upper layer powder column (15) explosion, carries out the first separate explosion to rock；
[3] detonating capsule (17) causes upper layer powder column (15) explosion, and then causes the second mild detonating fuze (14) detonation；
After the detonation of [4] second mild detonating fuzes (14), cause the first mild detonating fuze (12) detonation, the first metal bulging pipe (41)
Bulging, the first cushion (13) and first metal bulging pipe (41) comprehensive function, carry out buffering barrier to blast wave for the first time.
[5] second mild detonating fuzes (14) cause the 4th mild detonating fuze (44) in cascade endless metal expansion tube (9) and
Explosion filler (45) explosion, inner sleeve (35), outer tube (10), upper connection terminal (11), lower connection terminal (36), second are delayed
Punching pad (31) and (9) comprehensive function of endless metal expansion tube carry out buffering again to blast wave for the first time and obstruct；
[6] second mild detonating fuzes (14) cause partition delay detonator (8), after hundreds of milliseconds, under partition delay detonator (8) causes
Layer powder column 6 detonates, and carries out secondary blasting to rock, forms V-arrangement pit.
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| CN201910602105.7A CN110186341B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Blasting device and method for rapid forming of hard rock V-shaped pits |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111042062A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | Grooving method for ultra-deep impervious wall |
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| CN101900518A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-12-01 | 北京理工大学 | Pre-reamed explosive source charge structure |
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| CN210570269U (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2020-05-19 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Blasting device for rapid forming of V-shaped pits in hard rock |
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| GB708422A (en) * | 1950-06-15 | 1954-05-05 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in or relating to delay blasting devices |
| US2891476A (en) * | 1955-06-22 | 1959-06-23 | Ici Ltd | Delay blasting devices |
| US4765246A (en) * | 1986-02-17 | 1988-08-23 | Nobel Kemi | Detonator and a charge adapted thereto |
| CN101900518A (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2010-12-01 | 北京理工大学 | Pre-reamed explosive source charge structure |
| CN103759593A (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学技术大学 | Single-direction detonating door element with delay function and using method thereof |
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| CN111042062A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-21 | 中国水电基础局有限公司 | Grooving method for ultra-deep impervious wall |
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| CN110186341B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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