CN110207548A - Multidirectional energy-gathering blasting device and method for one-time blasting molding and slag throwing of hard rock - Google Patents
Multidirectional energy-gathering blasting device and method for one-time blasting molding and slag throwing of hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- CN110207548A CN110207548A CN201910602107.6A CN201910602107A CN110207548A CN 110207548 A CN110207548 A CN 110207548A CN 201910602107 A CN201910602107 A CN 201910602107A CN 110207548 A CN110207548 A CN 110207548A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 110
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
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- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000034656 Contusions Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000926 A-3 tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/28—Cartridge cases characterised by the material used, e.g. coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multidirectional energy-gathering blasting device and a multidirectional energy-gathering blasting method for one-time blasting molding and slag throwing of hard rock, wherein the blasting device comprises a blasting component, an upper explosive column unit, an explosion isolating pipe, a lower explosive column unit and a throwing unit which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; after the initiation assembly is initiated, the upper explosive column unit is initiated, the lower explosive column unit is initiated after a period of time delay through the explosion-proof pipe, the rock is blasted in a delayed mode, and the throwing unit at the tail end is initiated to throw broken stones. The outer ring of the object of the explosive tube is cylindrical, a plurality of V-shaped bulges are uniformly distributed on the inner ring, and the vertex angles of the V-shaped bulges are opposite to the central line of the explosive column. According to the invention, through creating a secondary free face method, the traditional repeated reaming, charging and blasting operation is optimized into standard and modularized combined charging, and through researching a charging and explosion-proof mechanism, the long-time interval detonation of charging up and down in a hard hole is realized, so that two times of detonating and one-time throwing are formed, and a V-shaped pit meeting the requirement of size parameters is well formed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blasting technique fields, are related to a kind of for carrying out special V-arrangement pit one-pass molding on solid rock
And the Multiway energy focus blasting device and method of the rubble cleaning of throwing simultaneously.
Background technique
In mining, building and Military Application field, it usually needs cut the special type that section is V-arrangement on hard rock
Pit body, as shown in Figure 1, the V-arrangement pit be one it is upper it is wealthy under it is narrow, pit body oral area d be less than depth h and have certain tilt angle
It is required that V-arrangement pit, be commonly called as variation formula funnel, the mode that explosion is generallyd use in excavation carries out.It is normal that Fig. 2 gives V-arrangement pit
The forming method of rule layering explosion, bores several keyholes, including centre bore and edge hole, keyhole on the upper layer of rock first
Location arrangements such as Fig. 2 below hole location schematic diagram.The explosive of small equivalent is installed in each hole, is carried out after first layer explosion clear
Slag, then repeats the above steps and carries out the blasting clearing of the second layer again, forms the pit body finally by multiple bursting work.It should
For method the problem is that drilling hole amount is very big, the activity duration is long, and the consumption of explosive is also more, it is difficult to it is fast to meet Military Application occasion
The molding demand of speed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of demolition set and sides that special V-arrangement pit is prepared in rock one-pass molding
Method faces empty bursting work technology by secondary, it is recessed disposably to excavate out special V-arrangement in solid rock using small equivalent explosive
Rapid shaping and the rubble cleaning in quick-fried hole are realized in hole.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of hard rock onepull molding and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that: demolition set includes
Detonation component, top powder column unit, flame proof pipe, lower part powder column unit and the throwing unit set gradually from top to bottom, explosion dress
Placement location is on rock in pre- cavity preparation, after detonation component detonation, ignites top powder column unit to the first separate explosion of top of rock,
And the second separate explosion is carried out to the lower part of rock by igniting powder column unit in lower part after flame proof pipe delay a period of time, finally ignite
Throwing unit carries out throwing cleaning to intracorporal rubble is cheated.
Top pencil and lower part pencil are respectively arranged in the top powder column unit and lower part charge unit, it is described
Top pencil and lower part pencil are that the metals such as lead-antimony alloy or steel are made, and the outer ring of shell is cylinder, and the inner ring of shell is equal
It is even to be disposed with several V-arrangement protrusions, the center line of the apex angle face powder column of V-arrangement protrusion.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, the flame proof pipe includes passing through spiral shell
The upper connection terminal and lower connection terminal that line is actively coupled；Upper connection terminal is flange arrangement, the top medicine of top powder column unit
Pipe is threaded on the flange arrangement of upper connection terminal；The first buffering is provided between top pencil and flange arrangement
Pad；First cushion is hollow structure, and central through hole is internally provided with the second mild detonating fuze；It is opened on the outside of first cushion
Have annular groove be connected to the straight trough of annular groove and central through hole, the first mild detonating fuze is installed inside annular groove and straight trough；Institute
The first mild detonating fuze stated is in contact with the second mild detonating fuze；
The upper end of lower connection terminal is sleeve, and the outside of sleeve is provided with inner sleeve and outer tube, inner sleeve and outer tube
Between be provided with several cascade endless metal expansion tubes, the lower end of lower connection terminal is flange, under the powder column unit of lower part
Portion's pencil is threaded on flange；Lower layer's powder column is provided in the pencil of lower part, lower layer's powder column inside the pencil of lower part and
The second cushion is provided between flange, the second cushion is hollow structure, and hollow part is internally provided with partition delay detonator；
The throwing unit includes the second metal bulging pipe and bottom cover；Inside second metal bulging pipe from top to bottom successively
Third cushion, metal bulging block and throwing medicament are set, and throwing medicament is blocked inside the second metal bulging pipe by bottom cover；The
Be threaded between two metal bulging pipes and lower part pencil, the setting of third cushion metal bulging block and lower layer's powder column it
Between, the third cushion and metal bulging block are hollow structure, and centre is equipped with third mild detonating fuze, and described
Three mild detonating fuzes stretch to inside throwing medicament.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, the inner ring of endless metal expansion tube is opened
Jagged, the position that notch is corresponded on inner sleeve and sleeve is provided with straight trough, and it is soft to be equipped with the 4th inside endless metal expansion tube
Property primacord, the 4th mild detonating fuze is coiled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube and inside straight trough, and leads with the second flexibility quick-fried
Rope is in contact；Explosive is filled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, the inside of the top pencil tail end
It is provided with the first metal bulging pipe；First metal bulging pipe is machined with internal screw thread, with the outer spiral shell on upper connection terminal flange arrangement
Line is connected.
Above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throw in the Multiway energy focus blasting device of quarrel, the second metal bulging pipe it is interior
Wall is the cone structure that upper diameter is big, lower diameter is small, and cone angle is 5-15 °.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, the detonation component includes detonation
Detonator, plug and seal closure, detonating capsule are fixed on plug by detonator connector, and detonation component is topmost provided with sealing
Lid.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, in the top powder column unit
The plug that upper layer powder column is initiated component blocks inside the pencil of top.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, top pencil is made of PVC material；
Inner sleeve and outer tube are all made of silicon rubber and are made.
In the Multiway energy focus blasting device of above-mentioned hard rock onepull molding and throwing quarrel, throwing medicament is nitrolite, on
Layer powder column and lower layer's powder column are TNT explosive.
V-arrangement pit rapid shaping and the method for throwing cleaning explosion on rock, which comprises the following steps:
[1] drill straight diameter, will be quick-fried after assembling slightly larger than the straight hole of pencil diameter on the center that rock specifies region
Breaking device is placed in hole；
[2] detonating capsule is lighted a fire, and causes the explosion of upper layer powder column, and explosion wave convexes to form cumulative effect along the V-arrangement of pencil
It answers, first blasting is carried out to rock；
First separate explosion is carried out to rock；
[3] detonating capsule causes the explosion of upper layer powder column, and then causes the detonation of the second mild detonating fuze；
After the detonation of [4] second mild detonating fuzes, causes the first mild detonating fuze and detonate, the first metal bulging pipe bulging, the
One cushion and the first metal bulging pipe comprehensive function, carry out buffering barrier to blast wave for the first time.
[5] second mild detonating fuzes cause the 4th mild detonating fuze and explosion filling in cascade endless metal expansion tube
Object explosion, inner sleeve, outer tube, upper connection terminal, lower connection terminal, the second cushion and endless metal expansion tube comprehensive function
Buffering barrier again is carried out to blast wave for the first time；
[6] second mild detonating fuzes cause partition delay detonator, and after hundreds of milliseconds, partition delay detonator causes lower layer's powder column
Detonation, explosion wave convex to form Mohaupt effect along the V-arrangement of pencil, carry out secondary blasting to rock, while it is soft to cause third
Property fuse arming test experiment initiation；
[7] third mild detonating fuze causes the explosion of throwing medicament, carries out shedding cleaning to intracorporal rubble is cheated after molding.
The advantageous effects that this project has are as follows:
1, conventional rock drilling chambering blasting operation is reduced to one by studying solid rock blast mechanism by the present invention
After secondary drilling, modular demolition set is directly placed into onepull pit body in pre- cavity preparation and is formed, hole number is substantially reduced
Amount, while filling time substantially shortens, and in conjunction with the effect of throwing medicament, using explosive energy throwing disintegrating slag, reduces artificial
Cleaner workload improves shaping efficiency, meets the needs of pit body rapid shaping in Military Application.Simultaneously using upper and lower powder charge and
The measure of intermediate retardation flame proof, upper layer charging explosion form new free face, be the powder charge of lower layer's small pit goaf again efficient throwing at
Hole creates condition, and the clamping action in the quick-fried hole of upper layer back taper limits the broken range of next layer of powder charge, realizes quick-fried hole
The control of shape, final primary igniting form the V-arrangement pit for meeting size requirement.
2, powder column shell of the invention uses cumulative cover structure, is provided with several V-arrangement protrusions, Explosive Energy inside housings
Amount will be converged along sockets for collecting energy, generate the rock near high speed Penetration of Shaped Charge Jet blasthole, so that generating in advance on hole wall big
The crackle of amount, the gas of generation of and then exploding can bruise in a short time so that crackle is constantly widened outward, more favorably
It is formed and is crushed in rock fracture, expand compact dimensions.
3, the present invention is provided with flame proof pipe between top powder column unit and lower part powder column unit, so that top powder column unit
Delay a period of time ignites lower part powder column unit again after detonation, realizes the secondary blasting of rock blasting.Implement middle and upper part powder charge
Explosion time can throwing fall the rock on top, create a scope of freedom to lower part powder charge, improve lower part explosive blasting effect；Together
When two-part charge constitution make top powder charge be lower part powder charge create free face, the minimum for reducing two kinds of charge explosions is supported
Anti- line has reached a rapid shaping of V-arrangement pit with less powder charge.
4, during the present invention is implemented, top powder charge detonation will be converted into the detonation energy of lower part powder charge, and rise after long delay
Quick-fried lower part powder charge, energy hole are one of critical issues of the project.Energy attenuating is too small, can directly ignite lower part powder charge, energy
Amount weakening is excessive, and the lower part powder charge that cannot detonate, and brings and miss-fires.The present invention by design flame proof pipe structure, using hard isolation and
Soft slicing reduces the methods of impact energy step by step, obstructs top powder charge to the detonation by influence of lower part powder charge, and realize smooth propagation.
First using the polymer material polyurethane for being equipped with slicing in connection terminal rear and front end, for reducing the intensity of detonation wave；Its
The secondary ring channel structures that joined built-in mild detonating fuze in the cushion of front end prevent detonation energy from propagating downwards；Finally
It is provided with endless metal expansion tube of the two-stage with explosion filler in the middle part of flame proof pipe, is expanded under detonation wave effect, into one
Step clogs blasthole, and barrier detonation product moves downward, and stops detonation wave to be propagated, by integrating flameproof effect above, prevents
The powder column explosion rear lower cylindrantherae in portion is impacted, is destroyed and induced detonation.
5, screw thread company is all made of between demolition set of the invention and detonation component, between connection terminal and upper and lower pencil
It connects, live quick assembling may be implemented, while in order to guarantee Product Safety, reliability, in Product transport, storing process,
Each portion's powder charge institute's blasting charge uses physical isolation measure with having detonator, the ignitron etc. of detonation performance, even if ignitron, detonator
Accidental ignition detonation, guarantee will not detonating charge, mode is connected through a screw thread before use, can be quickly demolition set each group
Part links together.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ideal V-arrangement pit；
Fig. 2 is the explosive forming step schematic diagram of V-arrangement pit in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is that rapid shaping demolition set of the present invention lays implementation principle figure；
Fig. 4 is the composed structure schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the initiating unit structural schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the throwing cellular construction schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the flame proof pipe structural schematic diagram of demolition set of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is A-A sectional structure chart in Fig. 7 of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is B-B sectional structure chart in Fig. 7 of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of partition delay detonator of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the Grain structure schematic diagram with energy gathering cap in the preferred embodiment for the present invention.
Appended drawing reference are as follows: 1-bottom cover；2-the second metal bulging pipe；3-throwing medicaments；4-metal bulging blocks；5-the
Three cushions；6-lower layer's powder columns；7-lower part pencils；8-partition delay detonators；9-endless metal expansion tubes；10-housings
Pipe；11-upper connection terminals；12-the first mild detonating fuze；13-the first cushion；14-the second mild detonating fuze；On 15-
Layer powder column；16-top pencils；17-detonating capsules；18-plugs；19-detonator connectors；20-seal closures；21-detonation groups
Part；22-top powder column units；23-flame proof pipes；24-lower part powder column units；25-throwing units；31-the second cushion；
33-flanges；34-sleeves；35-inner sleeves；36-lower connection terminals；41-the first metal bulging pipe；43-third flexibilities are led
Quick-fried rope；44-the four mild detonating fuze；45-explosion fillers；51-central through holes；52-annular grooves；53-straight troughs；54—
Medicine core；55-crusts；61-notches；71-shells；72-explosives；73-V-arrangements protrusion；81-delay detonators；82-connections pass
Fire tube；83-baffle igniters；91-detonator leads；92-pre- cavity preparations；93-demolition sets；The quick-fried hole in 94-tops；Under 95-
The quick-fried hole in portion；96-rocks.
Specific embodiment
The purpose of the present invention is property explosive formings primary on hard rock to obtain the V-arrangement pit of special size, improves
The molding efficiency of pit body, and secondary filling explosive blasting construction bring operational danger is avoided, the scheme of use is in rock
It is packed into the demolition set of two-part explosive after upper drilling, and controls the delay between top explosive and lower part explosive, top is allowed to fill
Medicine is that lower part powder charge creates free face, reduces the minimum burden of two kinds of charge explosions, reaches bigger with less powder charge
Thrown results, to realize the onepull rapid shaping of pit body.
As shown in figure 3, main technological route of the invention are as follows: bore vertical direction in rock 96 using hand-held drill first
Blasthole 92, then by the present invention be integrated with upper and lower powder charge and be delayed propagation of explosion unit demolition set 93 i.e. tubular cratering explosive device according to
The height of setting, which is put into blasthole 92, ignites, and by the remote explosion of detonator lead 91, so that the first layer close to earth's surface fills
Medicine fractured rock, throwing disintegrating slag in the quick-fried hole 94 in the top that earth's surface forms inverted conical shape, and create for next layer of powder charge and newly face sky
Face.Next layer of powder charge of delayed ignition forms the quick-fried hole 95 in lower part in 94 following distance of the quick-fried hole in top separate explosion again, and throws
Hole bed rock stone is thrown, reaches primary igniting quick bursting and forms V-arrangement pit.
Due to carrying out delaying blasting in the prefabricated blasthole of rock, the detonation wave that when top charging explosion generates, with hard
Hole wall propagate downwards, support to when the powder charge of lower part can the powder charge of direct detonation by influence lower part need top to fill furthermore to reach optimum efficiency
Be delayed hundreds of milliseconds after medicine explosion, and lower part powder charge of just detonating becomes the technical problem that the present invention faces.
Also there is the scheme of the upper and lower intermediate flame proof of powder column explosion in traditional explosive manner.Such as between two demolition sets
Flame proof material is set and carries out flame proof, first this flame proof material is generally only to play the role of obstructing shock wave, can not in explosion
The accurate explosion delay controlled between charge unit up and down, reaches upper layer powder charge of the present invention for lower layer's powder charge and provides wanting for free face
It asks；Second the present invention will guarantee the shape and size of V-arrangement pit, need to drill out one and demolition set on solid rock in advance
The bigger blasthole of diameter, therefore entire two-stage explosion carries out in the rock hole of a confined space, the explosion on explosion time upper layer
Shock wave energy ignites lower section explosive simultaneously and the effect of delay initiation is not achieved.Only overcome problem above, could finally realize
The rapid shaping of V-arrangement pit on solid rock.
As shown in figure 4, rock blasting device of the invention includes the detonation component 21 set gradually from top to bottom, top medicine
Pole unit 22, flame proof pipe 23, lower part powder column unit 24 and throwing unit 25；After the component 21 that detonates detonates, top powder column list is ignited
First 22 pairs of first separate explosions of upper layer rock, and lower part powder column unit 24 is ignited to lower layer after postponing a period of time by flame proof pipe 23
Rock carries out the second separate explosion, forms the special V-arrangement pit for meeting size requirement, finally ignites throwing unit 25 in fried hole
Rubble carries out shedding cleaning.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, top powder column unit 22 includes the upper layer being arranged inside top pencil 16 and top pencil 16
Powder column 15, the plug 18 that upper layer powder column 15 is initiated component 21 block inside top pencil 16；Top pencil 16 is PVC material
It is made, predominantly mitigation weight.
The component 21 that detonates includes detonating capsule 17, plug 18 and seal closure 20, and quick-fried detonator 17 is used for the upper layer explosive that detonates, it
(not marking in figure) is connected in series with fuse cord and daraf(reciprocal of farad) igniter cap, usually individually storage, with sharp safety.Detonating capsule 17 passes through thunder
Pipe fitting 19 is fixed on plug 18, and plug 18 is made of plastics, is risen and is blocked upper layer explosive column and can fix detonator joint action.
Detonation 21 the top of component is provided with seal closure 20.Seal closure 20 plays sealing, waterproof and dustproof and protective effect.Detonator connector 19
Ensure the quick grafting of detonator in place and cannot pull, it is convenient and fast connection.
Fig. 6 gives 24 structural representation of throwing unit 25 and lower part powder column unit of demolition set of the present invention, lower part powder column
Unit 24 includes lower layer's powder column 6 of lower part pencil 7 and internal installation.Lower part pencil 7 is made of cold-drawn steel, on the one hand prevents from being used for
On the other hand flame proof generates the impact to lower part powder charge for detonation when resisting top powder charge.Throwing unit 25 includes second
Metal bulging pipe 2 and bottom cover 1；Bottom cover is made of plastics, for blocking the medicament in lower part pencil 7, while playing impact resistance.
Third cushion 5, metal bulging block 4 and throwing medicament are set gradually inside second metal bulging pipe 2 from top to bottom
3, throwing medicament 3 is blocked inside the second metal bulging pipe 2 by bottom cover 1；Lead between second metal bulging pipe 2 and lower part pencil 7
Thread connection is crossed, lower layer's powder column 6 is provided in lower part pencil 7, third cushion 5 is arranged in metal bulging block 4 and lower layer's powder column 6
Between, the third cushion 5 and metal bulging block 4 are hollow structure, and centre is equipped with third mild detonating fuze 43, institute
The third mild detonating fuze 43 stated stretches to inside throwing medicament 3.
Wherein the second metal bulging pipe 2 is to use the cone structure that inner wall made of cold-drawn steel is big for upper diameter, lower diameter is small, excellent
Selecting cone angle is 5-15 °.Metal bulging block 46 blasting extrusion of lower layer's powder column effect under to bottom offset, by the second metal bulging pipe 2
Radial distending plays the role of around spreading blast wave to prevent lower part pencil 7 from rushing to summit downwards from inside to outside.Wherein
Throwing medicament 3 is nitrolite, and lower layer's powder column is TNT explosive, and the detonation wave velocity of explosion time nitrolite is fried less than TNT
Medicine, and be more prone to produce than TNT the gas of throwing rubble, effect are the ammonium nitrates so that while metal bulging 2 presplitting bulging of pipe
Rubble after explosive charge pinpoint blasting realizes the rubble cleaning in hole.
Fig. 7 to Figure 10 gives demolition set flame proof pipe structure of the present invention, and flame proof pipe 23 includes upper connection terminal 11 under
Connection terminal 36, the effect of connection terminal is to connect top powder column unit 22 and lower part powder column unit 24, and plays propagation of explosion, blocks
The effects of with support.
In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, upper connection terminal 11 is flange arrangement, and the top pencil 16 of top powder column unit 22 passes through screw thread
It is connected on the flange arrangement of connection terminal 11；Pencil 16 tail end in top is internally provided with as a preferred method,
One metal bulging pipe 41；First metal bulging pipe 41 is machined with internal screw thread, with the external screw thread on upper 11 flange arrangement of connection terminal
It is connected.
The first cushion 13 is provided between top pencil 16 and flange arrangement.First cushion 13 is hollow structure, the
Two mild detonating fuzes 14 through-hole 51 through its center；The outside of first cushion 13 be provided with annular groove 52 be connected to 52 He of annular groove
First mild detonating fuze 12 is installed inside the straight trough 53 of central through hole 51, annular groove 52 and straight trough 53.First mild detonating fuze
12 middle section is wrapped in annular groove 52, and both ends are laid in straight trough 53.Primacord includes medicine core 54 and crust in Fig. 8
55, the medicine core 54 and crust 55 of the first mild detonating fuze 12 then crust reliable contacts with the second mild detonating fuze 14, it is ensured that can
By igniting.Second mild detonating fuze 14 mainly plays propagation of explosion, by the first mild detonating fuze 12 and subsequent partition extension thunder
Pipe 8 is reliably ignited, and blocking the first metal bulging pipe 41 after exploding prevents it from moving down.First metal bulging pipe 41 acts on
Internal that cushion is housed in connection top powder column unit 22 and upper connection terminal 11, can be added medicine to pole unit 22 with effective attenuation
Detonation energy transmits downwards.Cushion is made of polyurethane, and the top explosive detonation bring that can decay impact and destruction are protected
Lower layer's medicament and the safety of other associated members are protected, prevents metal connecting terminal from being lost closure support etc. by impact failure and makees
With.
As shown in figures 7 and 9, the upper end of lower connection terminal 36 is sleeve 34, and the outside of sleeve 34 is provided with inner sleeve 35
With outer tube 10, inner sleeve 35 and outer tube 10 are all made of silicon rubber and are made, and are provided with ring between inner sleeve 35 and outer tube 10
Shape metal expansion pipe 9.Inner sleeve 35 is hollow structure, and through-hole, endless metal expand the second mild detonating fuze 14 through its center
The inner ring of pipe 9 is provided with notch 61, and the position that notch 61 is corresponded on inner sleeve 35 and sleeve 34 is provided with straight trough 53, and endless metal is swollen
4th mild detonating fuze 44 is installed inside tube expansion 9, the 4th mild detonating fuze 44 be coiled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube 9 and
Inside straight trough 53, and with 14 reliable contacts of the second mild detonating fuze, it is ensured that it is reliable to ignite.The pipe of this outer annular metal expansion tube 9
It is inside also filled with explosion filler 45, the material of explosion filler 45 is explosive, can be ignited by primacord 44, explosion time is to ring
Shape metal expansion pipe 9 generates an active force, is allowed to radial bulging, and endless metal expansion tube 9 is embedded in outer made of silicon rubber
In casing 10, the outer diameter expansion for the rear sleeve that explodes, which increases, fits closely closure, while internal explosion filler 45 with petrosal foramen wall
After exploding, the detonation wave passed down after exploding to top powder column unit 22 plays barrier effect, prevents the powder column on top from exploding
Detonation energy transmits downwards afterwards, causes lower part pencil by transition impact, destroys, prevents induced detonation or rush to summit.Wherein explosion filling
Object 45 aims to overcome that the brisance of traditional primacord is small, is not sufficient to ensure that the effective swollen of endless metal expansion tube 9
It is swollen, it is ensured that explosion has enough expansive forces, plays and top explosive is blocked to transmit caused destruction downwards.
The lower end of lower connection terminal 36 is flange 33, and the lower part pencil 7 of lower part powder column unit 24 is threaded in method
On orchid 33；The second cushion 31 is provided between lower layer's powder column 6 and flange 33, the second cushion 31 is hollow structure, hollow part
Position is internally provided with partition delay detonator 8；On the one hand partition delay detonator 8 can live the energy barrier of primacord, on the other hand
Extension time and the detonation that can not influence the partition other end again, serve and form a connecting link.
In Figure 10, partition delay detonator 8 is made of delay detonator 81, connection igniting primer 82 and baffle igniter 83, partition
Igniter 83 on the internal screw thread of lower 36 central through hole of connection terminal, and is led with the second flexibility quick-fried by the external screw thread twist-on on head
Rope 14 docks.Baffle igniter effect is that detonation is turned burning, lights the delay powder of partition delay detonator 8, realizes delayed exploding.
As shown in figure 11, in order to further increase detonation power, upper layer powder column 15 of the invention and lower layer's powder column 6 are by Fig. 1
In plain cylindrical form powder charge be changed to multidirectional loaded constitution of power-assembling, the shell 71 of Tu11Zhong, the first pencil 16 and the second pencil 7 are adopted
It is made of metals such as lead-antimony alloy or steel, explosive 72 is laid in inside shell 71, and the outer ring of shell 71 is cylinder, and inner ring is uniform
Several V-arrangement protrusions 73 are disposed with, quantity is 4-8.The cross section of V-arrangement protrusion 73 is symmetrical triangular structure, apex angle
The center line of face powder column, the angle of apex angle are 30-60 °, preferably 45 °.
Theory of Detonation studies have shown that using the multidirectional loaded constitution of power-assembling demolition set, shock wave can be in V-arrangement in explosion
The position of raised points forms sockets for collecting energy, and total can constitute a Multiway energy focus blasting device.After device is ignited, explosion energy
It will be converged along sockets for collecting energy, generate the rock near high speed Penetration of Shaped Charge Jet blasthole, so that being generated in advance on hole wall a large amount of
Crackle, the gas for generation of and then exploding bruise can be more advantageous to so that crackle is constantly widened outward in a short time
Rock fracture is formed and broken, expansion compact dimensions.The cumulative structure is not only applicable in soft rock, is also applied for hard rock, can mention significantly
High blasting efficiency reduces dose.
In implementation, the second mild detonating fuze 14 is ignited after the blast impulse of upper layer powder column 15, the second mild detonating fuze 14 is again
The explosive of the first mild detonating fuze 12,83 input terminal of the 4th mild detonating fuze 44 and baffle igniter is ignited, then is passed by connection
82 medicament of fire tube ignites delay detonator 81, and after the setting time that is delayed, lower layer's powder column 6 is ignited.Partition delay detonator 8 is using conventional
The prior art, the time of delaying can ensure duration precision with product customization, and the extension of partition delay detonator 8 is about in this project
500 milliseconds.
The assembling of the entire demolition set of the present invention and detonation mode are as follows: before use, detonation component 21 is installed top
On pencil 16, then by top pencil 16 and upper 11 screw thread twist-on of connection terminal, finally again by the lower part medicine of lower part powder column unit 24
Pipe 7 is tightened with lower 36 screw thread of connection terminal, finally blocks the both ends of blasthole, takes out detonator electric wire, connects detonation electric wire, and electric wire is long
Degree is not less than 100 meters, and electric wire is pulled to home, connects dedicated initiator, is guaranteeing the live feelings without personnel, equipment of detonating
Under condition, detonate.
Below to introduce the design scheme and the molding principle of V-arrangement pit onepull that are used for demolition set.
(1) V-arrangement pit requirement
As shown in Figure 1, V-arrangement pit is inverted cone-shaped structure, pit body is not less than 110 centimetres deeply, and 50 centimetres of bottom width, bore is not small
In 65 centimetres.Substantially one it is upper it is wealthy under narrow cone, variation formula explosive funnel can also be referred to as；It is required that frying hole after explosion
Interior no concave-convex and unstable rock, while cheating interior sillar and being convenient for manual cleaning.
(2) parameter designing
The parameter of entire demolition set is as follows: top powder charge pipe is made of PVC material, having a size of 250mm × φ 70mm,
Top powder charge is 1.01 kilograms, and component weight is less than 1.5kg；Flame proof pipe is made of expanding material, and size is less than 200mm × φ
70mm, weight are less than 1.2kg；Powder charge pipe in lower part is made of the preferable A3 steel of ductility, and size is less than 300mm × φ 70mm,
Lower part powder charge is 1.2 kilograms, and component weight is less than 2.0kg.The flame proof delay time of upper and lower pencil is not less than 500ms.
(3) V-arrangement pit one-pass molding principle
The explosion principle of demolition set of the present invention is as follows:
[1] it is slightly larger than the pre- cavity preparation of pencil diameter using hand-held drill drill straight diameter first on rock, after then assembling
Demolition set be placed in hole；
[2] detonating capsule 17 is lighted a fire, and is caused upper layer powder column 15 and is exploded, and explosion wave is formed along the V-arrangement protrusion 73 of pencil
Mohaupt effect carries out first blasting to rock；
[3] detonation of second mild detonating fuze 14 of the initiation of detonating capsule 17 or upper layer powder column 15 cause the second flexibility after exploding and lead
Quick-fried rope 14 detonates；
After the detonation of [4] second mild detonating fuzes 14, cause the detonation of the first mild detonating fuze 12, the first metal bulging pipe 41 is swollen
Shape, 41 comprehensive function of the first cushion 13 and the first metal bulging pipe, carries out buffering barrier to blast wave for the first time；
[5] second mild detonating fuzes 14 cause the 4th mild detonating fuze 44 in cascade endless metal expansion tube 9 and quick-fried
Fried filler 45 explodes, inner sleeve 35, outer tube 10, upper connection terminal 11, lower connection terminal 36, the second cushion 31 and annular
Under 9 comprehensive function of metal expansion pipe, buffering again is carried out to blast wave for the first time and is obstructed；
[6] second mild detonating fuzes 14 cause partition delay detonator 8, and after hundreds of milliseconds, partition delay detonator 8 causes lower layer
Powder column 6 detonates, and explosion wave forms Mohaupt effect along the V-arrangement protrusion 73 of pencil, carries out secondary blasting to rock；
[7] partition delay detonator 8 causes the detonation of third mild detonating fuze 43 simultaneously or the explosion initiation third of lower layer's powder column 6 is soft
Property primacord 43 detonate；
[8] third mild detonating fuze 43 causes throwing unit 25, carries out shedding cleaning to intracorporal rubble is cheated after molding.
The present invention can implement V-arrangement pit onepull of the depth greater than 1.1 meters on solid rock and form, it can also be used to rock
The explosive forming of other special pits on stone.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of hard rock onepull molding and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that: demolition set (93) packet
Include the detonation component (21) set gradually from top to bottom, top powder column unit (22), flame proof pipe (23), lower part powder column unit (24)
With throwing unit (25), demolition set (93) is placed on rock (96) in pre- cavity preparation (92), after detonation component (21) detonation, is drawn
Quick-fried top powder column unit (22) is drawn to the first separate explosion of top of rock (96), and after postponing a period of time by flame proof pipe (23)
Quick-fried lower part powder column unit (24) carries out the second separate explosion to the lower part of rock (96), finally ignites throwing unit (25) in pit body
Rubble carry out throwing cleaning；
Top pencil (16) and lower part medicine are respectively arranged in the top powder column unit (22) and lower part charge unit (24)
It manages (7), the top pencil (16) and lower part pencil (7) are that the metals such as lead-antimony alloy or steel are made, outside shell (71)
Circle is cylinder, and the inner ring of shell (71) has been evenly arranged several V-arrangement protrusions (73), the apex angle face medicine of V-arrangement protrusion (73)
The center line of column.
2. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 1 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
The flame proof pipe (23) includes the upper connection terminal (11) and lower connection terminal (36) being actively coupled by screw thread；Upper connecting pin
Sub (11) are flange arrangement, and the top pencil (16) of top powder column unit (22) is threaded in upper connection terminal (11)
On flange arrangement；The first cushion (13) are provided between top pencil (16) and flange arrangement；First cushion (13) is sky
Core structure, central through hole (51) are internally provided with the second mild detonating fuze (14)；First cushion is provided with ring on the outside of (13)
Shape slot (52) is installed with the straight trough (53) for being connected to annular groove (52) and central through hole (51), annular groove (52) and straight trough (53) inside
There are the first mild detonating fuze (12)；First mild detonating fuze (12) is in contact with the second mild detonating fuze (14)；
The upper end of lower connection terminal (36) is sleeve (34), and the outside of sleeve (34) is provided with inner sleeve (35) and outer tube
(10), several cascade endless metal expansion tubes (9), lower connection terminal are provided between inner sleeve (35) and outer tube (10)
(36) lower end is flange (33), and the lower part pencil (7) of lower part powder column unit (24) is threaded on flange (33)；Under
It is provided with the second cushion (31) between portion's pencil (7) internal lower layer's powder column (6) and flange (33), the second cushion (31) is
Hollow structure, hollow part are internally provided with partition delay detonator (8)；
The throwing unit (25) includes the second metal bulging pipe (2) and bottom cover (1)；Second metal bulging pipe (2) is internal certainly
Third cushion (5), metal bulging block (4) and throwing medicament (3) are set gradually under above, throwing medicament (3) is sealed by bottom cover (1)
It is internal to get lodged in the second metal bulging pipe (2)；It is threaded between second metal bulging pipe (2) and lower part pencil (7), third
Cushion (5) is arranged between metal bulging block (4) and lower layer's powder column (6), the third cushion (5) and metal bulging block
It (4) is hollow structure, centre is equipped with third mild detonating fuze (43), and the third mild detonating fuze (43) stretches to throwing
It is internal to throw medicament (3).
3. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 2 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
The inner ring of endless metal expansion tube (9) is provided with notch (61), and the position of notch (61) is corresponded on inner sleeve (35) and sleeve (34)
It is provided with straight trough (53), the 4th mild detonating fuze (44), the 4th mild detonating fuze is installed inside endless metal expansion tube (9)
(44) it is coiled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube (9) and straight trough (53) is internal, and be in contact with the second mild detonating fuze (14)；
Explosive is filled in the pipe of endless metal expansion tube (9).
4. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 2 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
Top pencil (16) tail end is internally provided with the first metal bulging pipe (41)；In first metal bulging pipe (41) is machined with
External screw thread on screw thread, with upper connection terminal (11) flange arrangement is connected.
5. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 2 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
The inner wall of the second metal bulging pipe (2) is the cone structure that upper diameter is big, lower diameter is small, and cone angle is 5-15 °.
6. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 1 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
The detonation component (21) includes detonating capsule (17), plug (18) and seal closure (20), and detonating capsule (17) passes through detonator
Connector (19) is fixed on plug (18), and detonation component (21) is topmost provided with seal closure (20).
7. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 2 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
The plug (18) that upper layer powder column (15) in the top powder column unit (22) is initiated component (21) is blocked in top pencil
(16) internal.
8. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 1 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
Top pencil (16) is made of PVC material；Inner sleeve (35) and outer tube (10) are all made of silicon rubber and are made.
9. hard rock onepull molding according to claim 1 and the Multiway energy focus blasting device for throwing quarrel, it is characterised in that:
Throwing medicament (3) is nitrolite, and upper layer powder column (15) and lower layer's powder column (6) are TNT explosive.
10. using according to claim 1-9 it is one of any described in hard rock onepull molding and throw the Multiway energy focus blasting of quarrel
The method of device progress explosion, which comprises the following steps:
[1] drill straight diameter fills the explosion after assembling slightly larger than the straight hole of pencil diameter on the center that rock specifies region
Placement location is in hole；
[2] detonating capsule (17) is lighted a fire, and causes upper layer powder column (15) explosion, raised (73) shape of V-arrangement of explosion wave along pencil
At Mohaupt effect, first blasting is carried out to rock；
[3] detonating capsule (17) causes upper layer powder column (15) explosion, and then causes the second mild detonating fuze (14) detonation；
After the detonation of [4] second mild detonating fuzes (14), cause the first mild detonating fuze (12) detonation, the first metal bulging pipe (41)
Bulging, the first cushion (13) and first metal bulging pipe (41) comprehensive function, carry out buffering barrier to blast wave for the first time.
[5] second mild detonating fuzes (14) cause the 4th mild detonating fuze (44) in cascade endless metal expansion tube (9) and
Explosion filler (45) explosion, inner sleeve (35), outer tube (10), upper connection terminal (11), lower connection terminal (36), second are delayed
Punching pad (31) and (9) comprehensive function of endless metal expansion tube carry out buffering again to blast wave for the first time and obstruct；
[6] second mild detonating fuzes (14) cause partition delay detonator (8), after hundreds of milliseconds, under partition delay detonator (8) causes
Layer powder column 6 detonates, and explosion wave forms Mohaupt effect along the V-arrangement raised (73) of pencil, carries out secondary blasting to rock, simultaneously
Cause third mild detonating fuze (43) detonation；
[7] third mild detonating fuze (43) causes throwing medicament (3) explosion, shed clearly to intracorporal rubble is cheated after molding
Reason.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111351406A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-30 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Blast hole arrangement mode and charging structure adopting retreating type sectional blasting ore body |
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| GB708422A (en) * | 1950-06-15 | 1954-05-05 | Ici Ltd | Improvements in or relating to delay blasting devices |
| KR20030075643A (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-09-26 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Two-face simultaneous cut blasting using air decking |
| CN1886635A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-12-27 | 澳瑞凯炸药技术有限公司 | Method of blasting multiple layers or levels of rock |
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| CN111351406A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-30 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Blast hole arrangement mode and charging structure adopting retreating type sectional blasting ore body |
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