CN110176872A - Nano generator system and power supply device - Google Patents
Nano generator system and power supply device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110176872A CN110176872A CN201810324788.XA CN201810324788A CN110176872A CN 110176872 A CN110176872 A CN 110176872A CN 201810324788 A CN201810324788 A CN 201810324788A CN 110176872 A CN110176872 A CN 110176872A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of nano generator system and power supply devices, comprising: electrode layer；The upper surface of the floating layers and/or the dielectric layer of lower surface is arranged in floating layers；Charge pump is connect with the floating layers, and Xiang Suoshu floating layers inject charge；When the floating layers counter electrode layer relative motion, the outside circuit output electric signal of generator system.Using the combination of floating layers and floating layers and dielectric layer as the equivalent of at least one frictional layer with triboelectrification and electrostatic charge preservation effect, by charge pump can into floating layers it is real-time, controllably inject charge.The charge density of the nano generator system no longer depends on friction or contact and generates and not by the constraint of air breakdown etc., has high power output density.
Description
Technical field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of nanometer new energy and mechanical energy collection, is related to a kind of nano generator system and confession
Electrical part.
Background technique
The basic principle for the nanometer generating technology that rubs is that at least one surface is in two surfaces for contacting with each other or rubbing
When insulating materials, using friction or contact in two surface inductions generation electrostatic charge, when the separation of two surfaces of contact, electrostatic charge
Separation generate potential difference, thus in induction electrode generate free charge displacement, can so collect in environment
Mechanical energy, and it is converted into electric energy.Friction nanometer generating technology is particularly suitable for collecting the mechanical energy of low frequency movement, has structure letter
Single, at low cost, material selects the advantages such as abundant, has potential application in field of new energy technologies, in micromation Gao Gong
Under the more and more extensive requirement of the demand of rate energy supply device, a kind of friction nanometer generating with higher output power density is provided
Machine becomes crucial a technical requirements and technological difficulties.
Surface charge density is an important factor for influencing the output power density of friction nanometer power generator.Rub nanometer generating
Surface electrostatic lotus in machine is generated by two mantle frictions or contact, and general severe friction or contact are just easy to generate high charge close
Degree, but such case lower surface is easy to produce biggish fever and abrasion, will greatly affect device lifetime；Meanwhile charge is close
Degree is also constrained by air breakdown etc., these factors constrain the further promotion of surface charge density and output power density.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose a kind of nano generator with high output power density, and the nano generator
Charge density no longer depends on friction or contact and generates and not by the constraint of air breakdown etc..
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
Present disclose provides a kind of nano generator system and power supply devices, at least partly to solve skill set forth above
Art problem.
(2) technical solution
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a kind of nano generator system is provided, comprising:
Electrode layer；The upper surface of the floating layers and/or the dielectric layer of lower surface is arranged in floating layers；Charge pump, with institute
Floating layers connection is stated, Xiang Suoshu floating layers inject charge；When the floating layers counter electrode layer relative motion, generator system to
External circuit exports electric signal.
(3) beneficial effect
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that nano generator system and power supply device that the disclosure provides, have following
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) using the combination of floating layers and floating layers and dielectric layer as with triboelectrification and electrostatic charge preservation effect
At least one frictional layer it is equivalent, by charge pump can into floating layers in real time, controllably inject charge, dielectric layer energy
The dissipative velocity of enough bound charges and constraint from air breakdown, so that the charge density of the nano generator is not additionally and briefly
Generates, abrasion will not be generated due to severe friction and generates heat dependent on friction or contact and not by the constraint of air breakdown etc.,
A large amount of bound charges are accumulated in floating layers by a small amount of charge of lasting injection while collecting mechanical energy, reach high function
Rate output density makes its output effect double to be promoted, and promotes the functionization of nano generator；
(2) using friction nanometer power generator as charge pump, by realizing the friction nanometer power generator combination rectifier bridge
To the output of the orientation of charge, thus carried out into floating layers charge it is real-time, controllably inject, and the friction nanometer power generator
Structure can be contact-separate type, slidingtype, single electrode formula and the laminar that freely rubs etc., structure can be according to actual needs
It is adjusted flexibly, it is applied widely；
(3) by be provided as the structural parameters such as the friction nanometer power generator of charge pump and the spring rate of floating struction with
The motion phase matching for making the two, even if the voltage of floating struction is near minimum when charge pump exports.Particularly for connecing
It touches for clastotype, is that floating struction is made first to be in contact condition, at this moment capacitor is larger, and voltage is lower, it is easier to injection electricity
Lotus, friction nanometer power generator are in contact disengaging movement again and realize charge injection, formula power supply device are integrally formed, by single
Push and release movement, can be completed charge it is real-time, controllably inject floating layers, and to be changed into electric energy defeated for collecting mechanical energy
Out.Same phase matched principle is also applied for the generator of other modes.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in first embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional explosive view that formula floating struction is separate shown in first embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the basic functional principle figure of nano generator system shown in first embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the variation structural schematic diagram of nano generator system structure shown in first embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in second embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in 3rd embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in fourth embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in the 5th embodiment；
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in sixth embodiment；
Figure 11 and Figure 12 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in the 7th embodiment；
Figure 13 and Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram of nano generator system shown in the 8th embodiment；
Figure 15 is charge pump construction schematic diagram；
Figure 16 is the connection schematic diagram of charge pump and floating struction；
Figure 17 is the working principle diagram of the integral type power supply device comprising charge pump；
Figure 18 to Figure 20 is the structural schematic diagram of other structures charge pump；
Figure 21 is the power supply circuit construction schematic diagram of nano generator system of the invention.
[symbol description]
1- nano generator system；
100- floating struction；
111- first electrode layer；The first dielectric layer of 112-；
The first floating layers of 113-；114- third dielectric layer；
The second floating layers of 115-；The second dielectric layer of 116-；
117- the second electrode lay；120- electricity output port；
130- charge pump access interface；140- groups of springs；
151- first substrate；152- the second substrate；
200- charge pump；
210- charge pump generator；
211- charge pump first substrate；212- charge pump first electrode layer；
213- charge pump frictional layer；214- charge pump the second electrode lay；
215- charge pump groups of springs；216- charge pump the second substrate；
220- charge pump rectifier bridge；The connectivity port 230-；
300- load；
2- rectifier bridge；3- energy-storage units；
4- output port.
Specific embodiment
Present disclose provides a kind of nano generator systems, including electrode layer；Conductive floating layers are arranged described floating
The upper surface of layer and/or the dielectric layer of lower surface；Charge is injected to floating layers by charge pump；Under external force, described floating
When setting layer counter electrode layer relative motion, the outside circuit output electric signal of generator system.It can be to floating layers by charge pump
In in real time, controllably inject charge, the dielectric layer of floating layers can constrain the dissipative velocity of the first floating layer charge and exempt from
By the constraint of air breakdown, so that the charge density of the nano generator system no longer depends on friction or contact and produces
Life will not be led to while collecting mechanical energy due to severe friction generation abrasion and fever and not by the constraint of air breakdown etc.
It crosses and persistently injects a small amount of charge and accumulate a large amount of bound charges in the first floating layers, reach high power output density, make it
Output effect doubles to be promoted, and promotes the functionization of nano generator system.
In nano generator system of the invention, may include 1,2 or more can be injected the floating of charge
Layer.
For the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the disclosure are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing is further described.
Embodiment one
In first exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, a kind of contact separation formula including 2 floating layers is provided
Nano generator system.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the nano generator system of formula is separate according to shown in disclosure one embodiment
Figure.Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional explosive view that formula floating struction is separate according to shown in disclosure one embodiment.
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, the nano generator system of the contact separation formula of the present embodiment, comprising: floating struction
100 and charge pump 200.
Shown in reference picture 1, Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, floating struction 100 includes: first substrate 151；In first substrate 151
On be disposed with first electrode layer 111,113 surface of the first dielectric layer 112, the first floating layers 113 and the first floating layers
The third dielectric layer 114 of setting；The second substrate 152 is oppositely arranged with first substrate 151；It is successively set on the second substrate 152
It is equipped with the second electrode lay 117, the second dielectric layer 116 and the second floating layers 115；Wherein, the second floating layers 115 are situated between with third
Electric layer 114 is oppositely arranged, accessible, separable or slide over each other, respectively as two frictions of the nano generator system
Layer；Electricity output port 120 is drawn respectively from first electrode layer 111, the second electrode lay 117, for connecting external load and exporting
Electric energy；Charge pump access interface 130 makes for the port that the first floating layers 113 and the second floating layers 115 are connect with charge pump 200
Charge can be from the first floating layers 113 and the extraction of the second floating layers 115 or injection；And groups of springs 140, it is fixed on first substrate
151, on the second substrate 152, for the rebound after device pushing, separate so that realizing between two frictional layers.
The upper and lower surface of first floating layers 113 is the first dielectric layer 112 and third dielectric layer 114 respectively；Second floating layers
115 upper and lower surface is air (being also possible to vacuum, oil, the fluids such as other gases) and the second dielectric layer 116 respectively, wherein
Air is also a kind of dielectric material.
In the present embodiment, first substrate 151 and the second substrate 152 are plate structure, are mainly used for supporting film thereon
Structure can be made of various structural materials or flexible material, and preferably polymer, inorganic oxide, composite material etc. insulate
Material, the board structure of certain disclosure are not limited to the hard substrate of plane shown in Fig. 1, and other shapes such as soft base plate can also be used
Formula.First substrate 151 and the second substrate 152 are selectable unit (SU), can not when the other parts intensity of generator system is enough
Substrate is set.
In the present embodiment, first electrode layer 111, the second electrode lay 117 be membrane structure, can for metal, carbon material or
The conductive materials such as ITO, preferred thickness are 50 nanometers~50 microns.
In the present embodiment, the first floating layers 113, the second floating layers 115 can be membrane structure or block materials, can be
The conductive materials such as metal, carbon material or ITO, or can be semiconductor material, such as silicon, GaN, main function is to receive
The charge of injection simultaneously stores, and is preferably 50 nanometers~50 microns of thickness of film.
In the present embodiment, the first dielectric layer 112, third dielectric layer 114, the second dielectric layer 116 can be membrane structure, can
For insulating materials such as polymer, inorganic oxide, composite materials, main function is electrical isolation, preferred thickness is 0.5 micron~
50 microns.
In the present embodiment, electricity output port 120 is mainly conducting wire, is drawn from first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117
Out, for connecting external load and exporting electric energy.Charge pump access interface 130 is the first floating layers 113 and the second floating layers 115
The port connecting with charge pump 200, predominantly conducting wire enable charge to extract out from the first floating layers 113 and the second floating layers 115
Or injection.
Groups of springs 140 is mainly used for the rebound after device pushes, this only realizes the opposite second electrode of the first floating layers 113
A kind of mode when 117 relative motion of layer, not as the restriction to the disclosure.First substrate can be used in other embodiments
It is connect respectively with the component of two relative motions with the second substrate, drives the opposite the second electrode lay 117 of the first floating layers 113 opposite
Movement, i.e. the two of nano generator system frictional layer are mutually mutually close to separate.Meanwhile opposite first electricity of the second floating layers 115
Pole 111 also relative motion of layer.
The effect of charge pump 200 be by charge pumping into corresponding floating layers, play the role of charge carrying, it is specific
Structure is illustrated subsequent.
Fig. 3 is the groundwork that the nano generator system of formula is separate according to shown in disclosure one embodiment
Schematic diagram.The basic functional principle of the nano generator system of the contact separation formula of the present embodiment is described below referring to Fig. 3.
As shown in figure 3, external load 300 is connect with electricity output port 120.Entire working cycles are divided into I, II, III, IV
Four-stage.Before illustrating working cycles, the positive charge in the second floating layers 115 (can be regarded as electronics by charge pump 200
Reverse flow it is equivalent) be largely extracted into the first floating layers 113, so that two floating layers is taken a large amount of equivalent heterocharges respectively.
Due to the inductive effect of charge, the positive charge in the first floating layers 113 can induce positive potential in first electrode layer 111, the
Negative electrical charge in two floating layers 115 can induce negative potential in the second electrode lay 117.When first electrode layer 111 and the second electricity
When pole layer 117 is by 300 connection of load, since potential is unequal, charge can be moved, to make in first electrode layer 111
Negative electrical charge is taken, and takes equivalent positive charge in the second electrode lay 117.It is to illustrate the device shape before working cycles start above
State.After circulation starts, in stage I, external force pushes upper substrate 151, makes 115 phase of the first floating layers 113 and the second floating layers
Mutually close, partial offset can occur for the inductive effect of charge in the two, so that the two is in first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay
Inductive effects in 117 weaken, and a part of positive charge can flow to the first electricity from the second electrode lay 117 by external load 300
Pole layer 111, and electric current is generated, electric energy is exported to load 300.In stage II, upper substrate 151 continues to push, and makes third dielectric
Layer 114 is contacted with the second floating layers 115, and at this moment, the first floating layers 113 and the second floating layers 115 are very close, the induction of the two
Effect basic neutralisation, only deposits a small amount of charge in first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117, and most of charge passes through external
Load 300 is shifted and is neutralized.In stage III, upper substrate 151 is sprung back by groups of springs 140, and the first floating layers 113 and second are floating
Layer 115 is set apart from increase, the induction in first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117 enhances respectively, causes charge to pass through outer
300 transfer of load is connect, the quantity of electric charge in first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117 increases, while in external load 300
Middle generation reverse current.In stage IV, groups of springs 140 is sprung back completely, is finally returned to original state.It is emphasized that
In the aforementioned four stage, charge pump 200 still can be real-time and continues controllably to carry out charge pumping to floating layers, to supplement floating layers
In charge dissipation.
Fig. 4 is a kind of variation structural schematic diagram of nano generator system structure shown in one embodiment.Wherein,
One substrate slides over each other with respect to the second substrate, drives opposite 117 relative motion of the second electrode lay of the first floating layers 113, i.e. nanometer
Two frictional layers of generator system slide over each other.Meanwhile the 115 also relative motion of opposite first pole layer 111 of the second floating layers.
Embodiment two
In second exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, a kind of nanometer of induction type including 2 floating layers is provided
Generator system.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the nano generator system of induction type.It include: floating struction and charge pump 200.
Referring to Figure 5, in the present embodiment, floating struction includes: first substrate 151；On first substrate 151 successively
The third dielectric layer 114 of first floating layers 113, the setting of 113 surface of the first floating layers is set；The second substrate 152, with first substrate
151 are oppositely arranged；Discrete first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117 are disposed on the second substrate 152,
The first dielectric layer 112 and the second dielectric layer 116 and second are respectively arranged in first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117
Floating layers 115, the first floating layers 113 and the second floating layers 115 are connect with charge pump 200；Wherein, the second floating layers 115 and
Three dielectric layers 114 are oppositely arranged, it is accessible, separable perhaps slide over each other 113 opposite first pole layer of the first floating layers or
The second electrode lay is mobile, and charge output can be generated in the load 300 between first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117.
In the present embodiment, conductive layer, which can be set, in first medium layer 112 can also be not provided with conductive layer.
Embodiment three
In the third exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, a kind of receiving for single electrode formula including 2 floating layers is provided
Rice generator system.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of single electrode formula nano generator system.It include: floating struction and charge pump 200.
Referring to shown in Fig. 6, in the present embodiment, floating struction includes: first substrate 151；On first substrate 151 successively
It is stacked the first floating layers 113, third dielectric layer 114 and the second floating layers 115；The second substrate 152, with first substrate 151
It is oppositely arranged；Be cascading the second electrode lay 117 and the second dielectric layer 116 on the second substrate 152, the first floating layers
113 and second floating layers 115 connect with charge pump 200；Wherein, the second floating layers 115 are oppositely arranged with the second dielectric layer 116,
Accessible, separable or slide over each other, the first floating layers 113 or the second floating layers 115 are mobile relative to the second electrode lay 117,
Charge output can be generated in load 300 between the second electrode lay 117 and ground.
In the present embodiment, the second dielectric layer 116 also be can be set other than being arranged on the second electrode lay 117 second
The surface of floating layers 115.
In the present embodiment, the only output end that is generator system of the second electrode lay 117, therefore be the hair of stagged electrode structure
Electric system.
Example IV
In the 4th exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, a kind of laminar that freely rubs including 2 floating layers is provided
Nano generator system.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of single electrode formula nano generator system.It include: floating struction and charge pump 200.
Referring to shown in Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, floating struction includes: first substrate 151；On first substrate 151 successively
It is stacked first electrode layer 111 and the first dielectric layer 112；The second substrate 152 is oppositely arranged with first substrate 151；Second
Be cascading the second electrode lay 117 and the second dielectric layer 116 on substrate 152；First floating layers 113, third dielectric layer
114 and second the stepped construction that is formed of floating layers 115 be arranged between the first dielectric layer 112 and the second dielectric layer 116, first is floating
It sets layer 113 and the second floating layers 115 is connect with charge pump 200；Wherein, the first floating layers 113 are set relatively with the first dielectric layer 112
It sets, the second floating layers 115 are oppositely arranged with the second dielectric layer 116, and the stepped construction is in the first dielectric layer 112 and the second dielectric
It is moved between layer 116, the first floating layers 113 or 115 opposite first pole layer 111 of the second floating layers and the second electrode lay 117 are moved
It is dynamic, charge output can be generated in the load 300 between first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117.
In the present embodiment, first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117 are the output ends of generator system, and first is floating
The stepped construction that layer 113, third dielectric layer 114 and the second floating layers 115 are formed can be in the first dielectric layer 112 and the second dielectric
It is moved between layer 116, therefore is the generator system for the layered structure that freely rubs.
First electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117 in the present embodiment can also be respectively connected to ground, in first electrode
Electric signal is exported between layer 111 and ground, between the second electrode lay 117 and ground.
First electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117 can relatively move in the present embodiment, can also be relatively motionless.Only
The stepped construction opposite first pole layer 111 of wanting the first floating layers 113, third dielectric layer 114 and the second floating layers 115 to be formed or
The second electrode lay 117 is mobile.
Embodiment five
Referring to Fig. 8, the present embodiment is the distressed structure of example IV, wherein the first floating layers 113 are arranged in the first dielectric
112 surface of layer, the lower surface that the second floating layers 115 are arranged in the second dielectric layer 116 also can be set in the second electrode lay 117
Surface.Second floating layers 115 can move between the second electrode lay 117 and the first floating layers 113.
In the present embodiment, the second floating layers 115 are mobile relative to the second electrode lay 117, can be in 111 He of first electrode layer
Charge output is generated in load 300 between the second electrode lay 117.
Embodiment six
In embodiment, a kind of nano generator system of single electrode formula including 1 floating layers is provided.
Referring to shown in Fig. 9, in the present embodiment, floating struction includes: to be stacked the first floating layers on the first substrate
113 and third dielectric layer 114, the second electrode lay 117 is provided in the second substrate；Wherein, third dielectric layer 114 and the second electricity
Pole layer 117 is oppositely arranged, accessible, separable or slide over each other, and is rubbed respectively as two of the nano generator system
Layer；First floating layers 113 are connect with charge pump 200；First floating layers 113 are mobile relative to the second electrode lay 117, in second electrode
Charge output can be generated in load 300 between layer 117 and ground.
One end of charge pump 200 is connect with the first floating layers 113；The other end can be grounded or connect conductor, can also be with
The second electrode lay 117 connects.
Referring to Figure 10, in the present embodiment, the second dielectric layer 116 and can also be set gradually on the second electrode lay 117
Two floating layers 115, wherein third dielectric layer 114 is oppositely arranged with the second floating layers 115, accessible, separable or mutual cunning
It is dynamic, respectively as two frictional layers of the nano generator system.First floating layers 113 and the second floating layers 115 and charge pump
200 connections, the first floating layers 113 are mobile relative to the second electrode lay 117, and the second electrode lay 117 is between output end, and ground
Charge output can be generated in load 300.
Embodiment seven
In embodiment, a kind of nano generator system including 1 floating layers is provided.
Referring to Fig.1 shown in 1, floating struction include: be cascading on first substrate 151 have first electrode layer 111,
First dielectric layer 112, the first floating layers 113 and third dielectric layer 114, are provided with the second electrode lay 117 in the second substrate；Its
In, third dielectric layer 114 is oppositely arranged with the second electrode lay 117, accessible, separable (as shown in figure 11) or slide over each other
(as shown in figure 12), respectively as two frictional layers of the nano generator system；First floating layers 113 connect with charge pump 200
It connects；The first floating layers 113 are mobile relative to the second electrode lay 117 under first substrate drive, in first electrode layer 111 and the second electricity
Pole layer 117 is the output end of generator system, and charge output can be generated in load 300.
One end of charge pump 200 is connect with the first floating layers 113；The other end can be grounded or connect conductor, can also be with
First electrode layer 111 or the second electrode lay 117 connect.
Between first substrate 151 and the second substrate 152 can by the mechanical structures such as spring realize it is adjacent to each other with it is separate
Or it slides over each other.
In the present embodiment, third dielectric layer 114 also can be set other than it can be set in the first floating layers 113
On the second electrode lay 117, the dielectric layer of the upper and lower surface of such the first floating layers of structure 113 is the first dielectric layer 112 respectively
And air.Which side is set on the work of generator system without influence.
Embodiment eight
In the present embodiment, a kind of nano generator system of induction type including 1 floating layers is provided.
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram of the nano generator system of induction type.It include: floating struction and charge pump 200.
Referring to Fig.1 shown in 3, in the present embodiment, floating struction include: be cascading on the first substrate it is first floating
The third dielectric layer 114 of layer 113 surface of the 113, first floating layers setting；The second substrate is oppositely arranged with first substrate；Second
Same plane is provided with discrete first electrode layer 111 and the second electrode lay 117, first electrode layer 111 and the second electricity on substrate
Pole layer 117 is placed in the same side of the first floating layers 113, and the first floating layers 113 and the second electrode lay 117 are connect with charge pump 200；
Wherein, the second electrode lay 117, first electrode layer 111 and third dielectric layer 114 are oppositely arranged, accessible, separable or mutual
Sliding, 113 opposite first pole layer of the first floating layers or the second electrode lay are mobile, in first electrode layer 111 and second electrode
Charge output can be generated in load 300 between layer 117.
In the present embodiment, one end of charge pump 200 is connect with the first floating layers 113；The other end can be grounded or connect and lead
Body can also be connect with the second electrode lay 117.
Referring to Figure 14, in the present embodiment, third dielectric layer can not be set in the first floating layers 113, and in first electrode
The first dielectric layer 112 and the second dielectric layer is respectively set towards the surface of the first floating layers 113 with the second electrode lay 117 in layer 111
116.The dielectric layer of the lower surface of such the first floating layers of structure 113 is air, and upper surface can be with due to being arranged in substrate
Omit dielectric layer.
Embodiment nine
The charge pump of the disclosure includes: direct current or exchange output device, includes one or more of following device: friction
Nano generator, electromagnetic generator, piezoelectric generator, thermo-electric device；And rectifier, it is connected with output device is exchanged, it will
The output of exchange output device is changed into direct current.
Referring to Figure 15, the structure of the charge pump 200 used in nano generator system is based on contact separation formula friction nanometer
Generator, comprising: charge pump generator 210；Charge pump rectifier bridge 220, input terminal are connected with charge pump generator 210；And
Connectivity port 230 is connected as the output end of charge pump rectifier bridge 220 with the nano generator system in above-described embodiment.Its
In, charge pump generator 210 includes: charge pump first substrate 211, is disposed with 212 He of charge pump first electrode layer thereon
Charge pump frictional layer 213；Charge pump the second substrate 216 is oppositely arranged with charge pump first substrate 211, is provided with charge
The second electrode lay 214 is pumped, can contact, can rub between the second electrode lay 214 and charge pump frictional layer 213；And charge pump
Groups of springs 215 is fixed between charge pump first substrate 211 and charge pump the second substrate 216, which uses
Rebound after device pushing, contacts point so that realizing between charge pump the second electrode lay 214 and charge pump frictional layer 213
From.
In the present embodiment, charge pump first substrate 211 and charge pump the second substrate 216 are plate structure, are mainly used for propping up
Membrane structure thereon is held, can be made of various structural materials or flexible material, preferably polymer, inorganic oxide, multiple
The insulating materials such as condensation material, the board structure of certain disclosure are not limited to the hard substrate of plane shown in Figure 15, can also be used soft
The other forms such as substrate.Charge pump first electrode layer 212, charge pump the second electrode lay 214 are membrane structure, can be metal, carbon
The conductive materials such as material or ITO, preferred thickness are 50 nanometers~50 microns.Charge pump frictional layer 213 is membrane structure, can be
The insulating materials such as polymer, inorganic oxide, composite material, main function are electrical isolation and triboelectrification, and preferred thickness is
0.5 micron~100 microns.Charge pump generator 210 is based on triboelectrification in upper and lower two-part contact separation motion process
And electrostatic induction, the electric current of alternation is generated between two electrodes.Charge pump rectifier bridge 220 is passed through in the output of charge pump generator 210
Rectified action, generate and flow to the electric current at "+" end from rectifier bridge "-" end, the orientation that can accordingly generate positive charge or negative electrical charge is moved
It is dynamic, thus thus pumps charges.
Figure 16 is the connection signal of the charge pump according to shown in the present embodiment and nano generator system floating struction 100
Figure.Charge pump access interface 130 is corresponding with connectivity port 230 to connect, and realizes the connection of charge pump 200 and floating struction 100.
Embodiment ten
Figure 17 is the working principle of the integral type power supply device according to shown in the present embodiment comprising charge pump specific structure
Figure.Referring to Fig.1 shown in 7, which includes: separateing the nano generator system of formula, charge pump is based on connecing
Separate type friction nanometer power generator is touched, working cycles include tetra- root phases of I, II, III, IV, wherein floating struction 100
Working principle is identical as principle shown in Fig. 3.Contact separation formula floating struction and charge pump are integrated into single device, by single
Pushing and release movement, can be completed charge in real time, continue controllably to inject floating layers, and collecting mechanical energy externally exports electricity
Stream, directly band dynamic load.It is transported to coordinate the contact separation of the charge pump generator 210 in charge pump 200 and floating struction 100
The rigidity of dynamic phase, setting charge pump groups of springs 215 is greater than groups of springs 140, so that floating struction 100 is first in contact condition,
Friction nanometer power generator 210 is in contact disengaging movement again, generates charge pumping effect.This design is to guarantee the first floating layers
113 and second floating layers 115 be in closest approach, at this moment voltage is smaller between the two, it is easier to thus pumps charges.In conjunction with this work
Principle can further be seen that charge injection be it is lasting and real-time controllable, the charge dissipation in floating layers can be generated effective
Supplement.
Preferably, which is an integral structure, and the motion phase between floating struction and charge pump matches.It connects
Touch the integrated of separate type floating struction and charge pump, can be it is stacked on top of one another integrated in Figure 17, can also control and integrate side by side.
Figure 18 is the structural schematic diagram of the charge pump based on slidingtype friction nanometer power generator of another embodiment.Figure 19 is
The structural schematic diagram of charge pump based on single electrode formula friction nanometer power generator shown in another embodiment.Figure 20 is another implementation
The structural schematic diagram of charge pump based on the laminar friction nanometer power generator that freely rubs shown in example.The friction of above-mentioned different mode
The structure of nano generator is illustrated with common structure, and which is not described herein again.
Four kinds of charge pumps shown in Figure 15, Figure 18-20 are used equally for any one nano generator system in Fig. 1-Figure 14
Charge pumping in system.In addition to this four kinds of charge pump constructions, other friction nanometer power generator structures, electromagnetic generator, piezoelectricity
Generator, thermo-electric device and various other devices that can export current or voltage, device or equipment are made in combination with rectifying device
It is used for the charge pump in the present invention.
Figure 21 is the power supply circuit construction schematic diagram of nano generator system.
Referring to shown in Figure 21, the output of nano generator system 1 is charged after the rectification of rectifier bridge 2 to energy-storage units 3,
Stable voltage can be exported through port 4 to load.
The floating struction 100 of nano generator system in above-described embodiment includes four kinds of basic modes, contact separation
Formula structure, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Figure 11；Sliding structure, as shown in Fig. 4, Figure 12；Stagged electrode structure, such as Fig. 6, Fig. 9, Figure 10
It is shown；Induction type and the layered structure that freely rubs, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 13, Figure 14, each mode includes diagram
Several variation structures.These four modes are corresponding with the friction nanometer power generator of corresponding modes respectively, and having in common that can incite somebody to action
Frictional layer in friction nanometer power generator is replaced with floating layers, and injects charge with charge pump, and floating layers pass through dielectric layer and its
Its layer insulation, so as to save charge.The variation structure of four kinds of modes is not limited only to the form enumerated in figure, and other only change is situated between
The design of electric layer and floating layer number and position should be included in the protection scope of the disclosure.
It should be noted that each layer of shape is not limited to rectangle shown in figure in the disclosure, or Qi Taren
The shape of meaning.The floating struction that the disclosure proposes is suitable for the known friction nanometer power generator of all modes, and being given above is
Several representational structures, but be not structure exhausted.The friction material layer of existing friction nanometer power generator is replaced with
Structure derived from floating layers and dielectric layer (such as two accessible surface dielectric layers repeat, and can remove one dielectric layer), should belong to this
Within disclosed protection category.Further, as long as being belonged to using the injection of floating layer charge and the generator of the principle incuded
Within the scope of the disclosure.The charge injection technique of the disclosure only lists part, can arbitrarily inject the method for charge,
The technology used as the disclosure.It is based especially on the charge injection of friction nanometer power generator, due to the nanometer generating that rubs
Machine combination rectifier bridge (or other rectifying devices such as diode) is a kind of general charge carrying technology, i.e. charge pumping technique, because
This, as long as using the device of this principle, it should all be within the protection category of this patent.The disclosure proposes rigid based on spring
The method of degree matching motion phase and integrated device, is applicable not only to contact separation formula device, is also applied for other similar devices.
In conclusion utilizing floating layers and floating layers present disclose provides a kind of nano generator system and power supply device
Combination with dielectric layer passes through charge as the equivalent of at least one frictional layer with triboelectrification and electrostatic charge preservation effect
Pump can into floating layers in real time, controllably inject charge, dielectric layer is capable of the dissipative velocity of bound charge and from sky
The constraint of gas breakdown, so that the charge density of the nano generator no longer depends on friction or contact and generates, Bu Huiyou
In severe friction generation abrasion and fever and not by the constraint of air breakdown etc., by persistently infusing while collecting mechanical energy
Enter a small amount of charge and accumulate a large amount of bound charges in floating layers, reaches high power output density, double its output effect
It is promoted, promotes the functionization of nano generator；Using friction nanometer power generator as charge pump, by the way that the friction nanometer is sent out
Motor combination rectifier bridge realizes and exports to the orientation of charge, thus carried out into floating layers charge it is real-time, controllably infuse
Enter, and the structure of the friction nanometer power generator can be contact-separate type, slidingtype, single electrode formula and the laminar that freely rubs
Deng structure can be adjusted flexibly according to actual needs, applied widely；Friction nanometer by being provided as charge pump is sent out
The structural parameters such as motor and the spring rate of floating struction are so that the motion phase of the two matches, even if floating when charge pump exports
The voltage for setting structure is near minimum.It is that floating struction is made first to be in contact shape for contact separation mode
State, at this moment capacitor is larger, and voltage is lower, it is easier to inject charge, the generator of charge pump is in contact disengaging movement realization again
Charge injection, is integrally formed formula power supply device, by single pushing and release movement, the real-time, controllable of charge can be completed
Ground injects floating layers, and collecting mechanical energy is changed into power output.Same phase matched principle is also applied for other modes
Generator.
It should also be noted that, the direction term mentioned in embodiment, for example, "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", " left side ",
" right side " etc. is only the direction with reference to attached drawing, not is used to limit the protection scope of the disclosure.Through attached drawing, identical element by
Same or similar appended drawing reference indicates.And the shape and size of each component do not reflect actual size and ratio in figure, and
Only illustrate the content of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the disclosure, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail it is bright, it is all it should be understood that be not limited to the disclosure the foregoing is merely the specific embodiment of the disclosure
Within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the guarantor of the disclosure
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (21)
1. a kind of nano generator system, comprising:
Electrode layer；
The upper surface of the floating layers and/or the dielectric layer of lower surface is arranged in floating layers；
Charge pump is connect with the floating layers, and Xiang Suoshu floating layers inject charge；
When the floating layers counter electrode layer relative motion, the outside circuit output electric signal of generator system.
2. generator system according to claim 1, wherein include:
The second electrode lay；
The first floating layers and third dielectric layer being stacked, one end of the charge pump are connect with first floating layers；
Wherein, the third dielectric layer is oppositely arranged with the second electrode lay, accessible, separable or slide over each other.
3. generator system according to claim 2, wherein the other end of the charge pump is grounded or connects conductor, or
Person connect with the second electrode lay.
4. generator system according to claim 2, wherein further include,
The second dielectric layer set gradually on the second electrode lay and the second floating layers, the third dielectric layer and second float
Layer 115 is set to be oppositely arranged, it is accessible, separable or slide over each other；
First floating layers and the second floating layers are connect with the charge pump.
5. according to the described in any item generator systems of claim 2-4, wherein generated between the second electrode lay and ground
Charge output.
6. generator system according to claim 2 or 4, wherein further include being stacked in first floating layers
The first dielectric layer and first electrode layer；The first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are the output end of generator system.
7. generator system according to claim 1, wherein include:
The first floating layers and third dielectric layer being stacked, one end of the charge pump are connect with first floating layers；
Conplane discrete first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are set；It is oppositely arranged with the third dielectric layer；
The first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are the output end of generator system.
8. generator system according to claim 7, wherein the other end of the charge pump is grounded or connects conductor, or
Person connect with the second electrode lay.
9. generator system according to claim 7, wherein further include: second be stacked on the second electrode layer
Dielectric layer and the second floating layers, the other end of the charge pump are connect with second floating layers.
10. generator system according to claim 1, wherein include:
The first floating layers being stacked, one end of the charge pump are connect with first floating layers；
Conplane discrete first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are set；In the first electrode layer and the second electrode lay
The first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer is respectively set in surface towards first floating layers；
The other end ground connection of the charge pump perhaps connects conductor or connect with the second electrode lay；
The first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are the output end of generator system.
11. generator system according to claim 1, wherein include:
It is stacked the first floating layers, third dielectric layer and the second floating layers；
It is stacked the second electrode lay and the second dielectric layer, second floating layers are oppositely arranged with the second dielectric layer, can contact,
It separates or slides over each other；Alternatively, the second electrode lay and second dielectric layer, wherein second dielectric layer setting is floating described second
Layer surface is set, is oppositely arranged with the second electrode lay, it is accessible, separable or slide over each other；
First floating layers and the second floating layers are connect with the charge pump；
First floating layers are mobile relative to the second electrode lay, and charge output is generated between the second electrode lay and ground.
12. generator system according to claim 1, wherein include:
The first electrode layer being stacked and the first dielectric layer；
The second electrode lay and the second dielectric layer being stacked；
First floating layers, third dielectric layer and the second floating layers form stepped construction；
First floating layers and the second floating layers are connect with charge pump；
Wherein, first floating layers are oppositely arranged with the first dielectric layer, and the second floating layers are oppositely arranged with the second dielectric layer, institute
Stating stepped construction can move between first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer；
The first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are the output ends of the generator system；Alternatively, in the first electrode layer
Electric signal is exported between ground, between the second electrode lay and ground.
13. generator system according to claim 1, wherein include:
First electrode layer, the first dielectric layer and the first floating layers being stacked；
The second electrode lay；
Third dielectric layer, the second floating layers and the second dielectric layer form stepped construction；
First floating layers and the second floating layers are connect with charge pump；
Wherein, first floating layers are oppositely arranged with third dielectric layer, and the second dielectric layer is oppositely arranged with the second electrode lay, institute
Stating stepped construction can move between the third dielectric layer and the second electrode lay；
The first electrode layer and the second electrode lay are the output ends of the generator system；Alternatively, in the first electrode layer
Electric signal is exported between ground, between the second electrode lay and ground.
14. -10 described in any item generator systems according to claim 1, wherein further include first substrate and the second substrate.
15. -10 described in any item generator systems according to claim 1, wherein further include connection first substrate and the second base
The spring structure of plate.
16. -15 described in any item generator systems according to claim 1, wherein
The charge pump includes: direct current or exchange output device, includes one or more of following device: friction nanometer generating
Mechanical, electrical magnetic generator, piezoelectric generator, thermo-electric device；
Wherein, the exchange output device connects rectifier, and the output of the exchange output device is changed into direct current.
17. generator system according to claim 16, wherein exchange output device is contact separation formula friction nanometer hair
Motor.
18. -17 described in any item generator systems according to claim 1, wherein the floating layers are membrane structure or block
Body material；
Preferably, the floating layered material is conductive material or semiconductor material；
Preferably, 50 nanometers~50 microns of the thickness of the floating layers of film.
19. -18 described in any item generator systems according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric layer is membrane structure；
Preferably, the material of the dielectric layer is the insulating materials such as polymer, inorganic oxide, composite material；
Preferably, the dielectric layer with a thickness of 0.5 micron~50 microns.
20. integral type power supply device, wherein including the described in any item nano generators of claim 1-6,10-11,14-19
System, wherein
When the charge pump exports, the voltage of floating struction is near minimum in the generator system.
21. device according to claim 20, wherein the charge pump is the nanometer generating that rubbed based on contact separation formula
Machine, the floating struction are contact separation structure；
The charge pump and the floating struction are setting stacked on top of one another, or left and right is arranged side by side.
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| CN201810324788.XA CN110176872B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Nano generator system and power supply device |
| PCT/CN2019/082034 WO2019196859A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2019-04-10 | Nanogenerator system and power supply device |
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| WO2021243747A1 (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2021-12-09 | 大连理工大学 | Self-propelled unmanned lightship |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114046220B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-02-02 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Power generation system and power generation method |
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| CN110176872B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
| WO2019196859A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
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