CN110176666B - Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna - Google Patents
Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110176666B CN110176666B CN201910403512.5A CN201910403512A CN110176666B CN 110176666 B CN110176666 B CN 110176666B CN 201910403512 A CN201910403512 A CN 201910403512A CN 110176666 B CN110176666 B CN 110176666B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
- H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna, which belongs to the technical field of antennas and comprises a first metal arm, an antenna support column, a second metal arm and a feed balun, wherein the first metal arm is positioned at the top of the antenna and used for improving impedance fluctuation of the antenna during large-angle scanning, and the feed balun is positioned at the bottom of the antenna and used for converting unbalanced feed input by a coaxial line into balanced feed. The invention greatly improves the impedance matching of the antenna during large-angle scanning and effectively improves the wide-angle scanning performance of the antenna; meanwhile, the antenna has good cross polarization performance; finally, because the metal dipole arm and the top metal arm both adopt the longitudinal blade-shaped bending structure, the cross-sectional area is extremely small, snow accumulation and rain accumulation are not easy to occur, the influence of the snow accumulation and the rain accumulation on the performance and the service life of the antenna is greatly reduced, and the antenna can be well suitable for severe weather conditions such as heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna.
Background
The antenna is one of the most important components of a system such as wireless broadcasting, wireless communication and wireless detection, and the structure and the characteristics of the antenna determine the working performance of the whole system to a great extent. Phased array antennas are an important development direction for modern antennas due to their excellent beam scanning and beam forming capabilities. Systems such as radar and communication often require a phased array antenna to have characteristics such as a wide operating band, a large scanning angle and low return loss; antennas in some special applications often need to have strong environmental adaptability to adapt to severe working conditions.
The dual-polarized antenna is composed of two antennas with mutually orthogonal polarization, and is widely applied to modern radar, communication and other systems. Commonly used dual polarized antennas are in the form of microstrip antennas, dipole antennas, Vivaldi antennas, etc. The crisscross dual-polarized antenna formed by two mutually orthogonal dipole antennas has the advantages of wide bandwidth, low processing difficulty, high reliability and the like, and is commonly used as an array unit of a dual-polarized phased array.
However, the impedance of the conventional dual-polarized dipole antenna can be drastically changed during large-angle scanning, which further causes impedance mismatch and serious return loss. When scanning to +/-60 degrees, the return loss of the antenna unit is always as high as-6 dB. On the other hand, antennas for some special applications are often exposed to complicated working environments and extreme weather, such as heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall, etc. Traditional dual-polarized dipole antennas often have a wide cross-sectional area and are prone to snow accumulation, and the working time of the antennas is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to realize low return loss wide angle scanning and satisfy the work demand under extreme bad weather such as heavy rainfall, strong snowfall, provide a wide angle scanning dual polarization dipole antenna.
The invention solves the technical problem through the following technical scheme, and the antenna comprises a first metal arm, an antenna support column, a second metal arm and a feed balun;
the first metal arm is positioned at the top of the antenna and used for improving impedance fluctuation of the antenna during large-angle scanning;
the feed balun is positioned at the bottom of the antenna and used for converting unbalanced feed input by the coaxial line into balanced feed;
the antenna support column is positioned between the feed balun and the first metal arm and used for supporting the first metal arm;
the second metal arm is arranged at the upper end of the outer part of the feed balun and is fed by the feed balun;
the first metal arm is a longitudinal cross blade-shaped metal arm, the second metal arm is a longitudinal blade-shaped metal dipole arm, the first metal arm and the second metal arm both comprise a horizontal part and a bent part, and the horizontal part and the bent part are integrally formed components. The metal arm with the shape is small in cross section area and not easy to accumulate rain and snow, so that the antenna is high in wind resistance and rain and snow resistance and can adapt to extremely severe weather and complex working environment; by using longitudinal cross-blade metal arms, the impedance fluctuation of the antenna during large angle scanning is improved.
Preferably, the number of the second metal arms is two, and the number of the second metal arms is four, and the two groups of the second metal arms are symmetrically distributed.
Preferably, the antenna adopts a symmetrical structure in structure, and two polarization directions of the antenna are orthogonal to each other.
Preferably, the number of the feeding baluns is two, and the two groups of the feeding baluns are orthogonal to each other, so that two groups of dipole arms with orthogonal polarization directions can be conveniently and respectively fed.
Preferably, each group of the feed balun comprises a coaxial line, a grounding metal column, a metal bridge and a dielectric base, wherein the metal bridge is arranged on the dielectric base, the dielectric base is arranged at the upper ends of the coaxial line and the grounding metal column, and the metal bridge is used for connecting the coaxial line and the grounding metal column.
Preferably, each group of the feeding balun further includes a plurality of dielectric support columns, the coaxial line includes a coaxial inner conductor and a coaxial outer conductor, the coaxial inner conductor is located inside the coaxial outer conductor, the plurality of dielectric support columns are respectively disposed outside the coaxial inner conductor, and the coaxial inner conductor is fixed by the dielectric support columns.
Preferably, a parallel double-line structure is formed between the coaxial outer conductor and the grounding metal column, and the two groups of second metal arms are respectively welded and fixed on the coaxial outer conductor and the grounding metal column and feed electricity through the parallel double-line structure.
Preferably, the bent portion is bent downwards, the angle of the bent portion of the second metal arm is consistent with that of the first metal arm, and the bent portion downwards can guide rain and snow.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna greatly improves the impedance matching of the antenna during large-angle scanning, effectively improves the wide-angle scanning performance of the antenna, realizes +/-60-degree wide-angle scanning within the range of 208MHz-260MHz, has a voltage standing wave ratio less than 1.5 during scanning, and has good inhibition on the voltage standing wave ratio during +/-60-degree wide-angle scanning compared with the traditional dipole antenna; meanwhile, the antenna has good cross polarization performance, and the cross polarization level is lower than-25 dB; finally, because the metal dipole arm and the top metal arm both adopt the longitudinal blade-shaped bending structure, the cross-sectional area is extremely small, snow accumulation and rain accumulation are not easy to occur, the influence of the snow accumulation and the rain accumulation on the performance and the service life of the antenna is greatly reduced, and the antenna is particularly suitable for severe weather conditions such as heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the VSWR as the antenna scans;
fig. 6 is a cross-polarization pattern of the antenna at the 230MHz frequency point.
In the figure: 1. a first metal arm; 2. an antenna support post; 3. a second metal arm; 4. a feed balun; 41. a coaxial inner conductor; 42. a coaxial outer conductor; 43. a grounded metal post; 44. a dielectric support post; 45. a metal screw; 46. a metal bridge; 47. a dielectric base.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: a wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna comprises a first metal arm 1, an antenna support column 2, a second metal arm 3 and a feed balun 4;
the first metal arm 1 is positioned at the top of the antenna and used for improving impedance fluctuation of the antenna during large-angle scanning;
the feed balun 4 is positioned at the bottom of the antenna and used for converting unbalanced feed input by the coaxial line into balanced feed;
the antenna support column 2 is positioned between the feed balun 4 and the first metal arm 1 and is used for supporting the first metal arm 1;
the second metal arms 3 are arranged at the outer upper ends of the feeding baluns 4 and are respectively fed by the feeding baluns 4;
the first metal arm 1 is a longitudinal cross blade-shaped metal arm, the first metal arm 1 is a parasitic unit and does not feed electricity, the second metal arm 3 is a longitudinal blade-shaped metal dipole arm, the first metal arm 1 and the second metal arm 3 both comprise a horizontal part and a bent part, the horizontal part and the bent part are integrally formed members, the bent part is bent downwards, the angle of the bent part of the second metal arm is consistent with that of the first metal arm, and the downward bending can play a role in guiding rain and snow; by using longitudinal cross-blade metal arms, the impedance fluctuation of the antenna during large angle scanning is improved.
The working frequency of the antenna is 208MHz-260MHz, the polarization mode is horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, the antenna units are arranged in a triangular grid mode, the distance between the antenna units in the horizontal polarization direction is 740mm, and the distance between the antenna units in the vertical polarization direction is 640 mm; when the antenna is actually arranged in a triangular grid, the number of the transverse units and the number of the longitudinal units can be expanded according to actual needs, and similarly, the antenna can be arranged in a rectangular grid, a circular ring or other types according to actual needs.
The first metal arm 1 comprises two mutually orthogonal longitudinal blade-shaped metal arms, the transverse length of each longitudinal blade-shaped metal arm is 370mm, the longitudinal height of each longitudinal blade-shaped metal arm is 106mm, the thickness of each longitudinal blade-shaped metal arm is 3mm, the upper end of the antenna support column 2 is arranged, and the metal arms 1 and the antenna support column 2 are fixed in a screw mode or the like; antenna support column 2 chooses dielectric constant Dk 2.1's polytetrafluoroethylene material for use, and antenna support column 2's maximum diameter is 95mm, and the height is 45mm, sets up on feed balun 4, adopts modes such as screw fixed between antenna support column 2 and the feed balun 4.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the number of the feeding baluns 4 is two, and the two feeding baluns 4 are orthogonal to each other, so that two sets of dipole arms with orthogonal polarization directions can be conveniently fed respectively; each group of feed balun 4 comprises a coaxial line, a grounding metal column 43, a metal bridge 46 and a dielectric base 47, wherein the metal bridge 46 is arranged on the dielectric base 47 and is respectively fixed through four metal screws 45, the dielectric base 47 is arranged at the upper ends of the coaxial line and the grounding metal column 43, and the metal bridge 46 is used for connecting the coaxial line and the grounding metal column 43; each group of feeding balun 4 further includes a plurality of dielectric support columns 44, the coaxial line includes a coaxial inner conductor 41 and a coaxial outer conductor 42, the coaxial inner conductor 41 is located inside the coaxial outer conductor 42, and the plurality of dielectric support columns 44 are respectively disposed outside the coaxial inner conductor 41; a parallel double-line structure is formed between the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the grounding metal column 43, and the two groups of second metal arms 3 are respectively welded and fixed on the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the grounding metal column 43 and feed power through the parallel double-line structure.
It should be noted that the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the grounding metal column 43 are symmetrical in position and have the same size, the diameters (outer diameters of the coaxial outer conductor 42) are all 28.08mm, the height is 423.7mm, the distance between the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the grounding metal column is 25.86mm, the coaxial outer conductor 42 can be regarded as a hollow metal sleeve, the inner diameter of the hollow metal sleeve is 24mm, the coaxial inner conductor 41 is located in the center of the coaxial outer conductor 42, the height is equal to that of the coaxial outer conductor 42, and the hollow metal sleeve is fixed by a dielectric support column 44 made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The diameter of the coaxial inner conductor 41 is determined according to the impedance transformation requirement and whether the inner conductor passes through the dielectric support column 44, the maximum diameter is 10mm, the minimum diameter is 4.774mm, and the bottom of the coaxial inner conductor 41 is connected with a coaxial radio frequency connector for feeding;
the metal bridge 46 has an overall length of 64mm and a width of 10mm, and the minimum spacing between the metal bridge 46 and the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the grounded metal stud 43 is 9 mm. The two arms of the longitudinal blade-shaped metal dipole arm are respectively welded on the outer top ends of the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the grounding metal column 43, and are sequentially fed by the coaxial outer conductor 42 and the coaxial inner conductor 41-metal bridge 46-grounding metal column 43 structure. Each dipole arm has a transverse length of 190mm, a longitudinal height of 238mm and a thickness of 3 mm;
As shown in FIG. 5, when the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization are scanned at the E surface/H surface +/-60 degrees, the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.5 in the range of 208MHz-260MHz, and the wide-angle scanning process with low return loss is realized.
As shown in fig. 6, the E-plane/H-plane pattern of the antenna is not significantly degraded in bandwidth, with cross-polarization levels below-25 dB.
In summary, the wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna of the embodiment greatly improves impedance matching when the antenna is scanned at a large angle, effectively improves the performance of wide-angle scanning of the antenna, realizes wide-angle scanning of +/-60 degrees within a range of 208MHz to 260MHz, has a voltage standing wave ratio of less than 1.5 during scanning, and well inhibits the voltage standing wave ratio during wide-angle scanning of +/-60 degrees compared with the conventional dipole antenna; meanwhile, the antenna has good cross polarization performance, and the cross polarization level is lower than-25 dB; finally, because the metal dipole arm and the top metal arm both adopt the longitudinal blade-shaped bending structure, the cross-sectional area is extremely small, snow accumulation and rain accumulation are not easy to occur, the influence of the snow accumulation and the rain accumulation on the performance and the service life of the antenna is greatly reduced, and the antenna is particularly suitable for being applied under severe weather conditions such as heavy rainfall, heavy snowfall and the like.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna comprises a first metal arm, an antenna support column, a second metal arm and a feed balun;
the first metal arm is positioned at the top of the antenna, is a parasitic unit, does not feed electricity and is used for improving impedance fluctuation of the antenna during large-angle scanning;
the feed balun is positioned at the bottom of the antenna and used for converting unbalanced feed input by the coaxial line into balanced feed;
the antenna support column is positioned between the feed balun and the first metal arm and used for supporting the first metal arm;
the second metal arm is arranged on the feed balun and is fed by the feed balun;
the first metal arm is a longitudinal cross blade-shaped metal arm, the second metal arm is a longitudinal blade-shaped metal dipole arm, the first metal arm and the second metal arm both comprise a horizontal part and a bent part, and the horizontal part and the bent part are integrally formed components;
the antenna adopts a symmetrical structure in structure, and two polarization directions of the antenna are mutually orthogonal;
the number of the feeding baluns is two, the two groups of the feeding baluns are mutually orthogonal, and the feeding is respectively carried out on the two groups of the metal dipole arms with the mutually orthogonal polarization directions.
2. A wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the second metal arms is two, four in total, and the polarization directions of the two groups of the second metal arms are mutually orthogonal and are symmetrically distributed.
3. A wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein: each group of feed balun comprises a coaxial line, a grounding metal column, a metal bridge and a dielectric base, wherein the metal bridge is arranged on the dielectric base, the dielectric base is arranged at the upper ends of the coaxial line and the grounding metal column, and the coaxial line is connected with the grounding metal column through the metal bridge.
4. A wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 3, wherein: each group of feed balun further comprises a plurality of dielectric support columns, the coaxial line comprises a coaxial inner conductor and a coaxial outer conductor, the coaxial inner conductor is located inside the coaxial outer conductor, the dielectric support columns are arranged outside the coaxial inner conductor respectively, and the coaxial inner conductor is fixed through the dielectric support columns.
5. The wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna as recited in claim 4, wherein: the coaxial outer conductor and the grounding metal column form a parallel double-line structure, and the two groups of second metal arms are respectively fixed on the coaxial outer conductor and the grounding metal column and feed electricity through the parallel double-line structure.
6. A wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the bent part is bent downwards, and the angle of the bent part of the second metal arm is consistent with that of the first metal arm.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910403512.5A CN110176666B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
| EP20806225.7A EP3819984B1 (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2020-05-14 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
| JP2021500399A JP7025596B2 (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2020-05-14 | Double polarization dipole antenna for wide-angle scanning |
| PCT/CN2020/090163 WO2020228759A1 (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2020-05-14 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910403512.5A CN110176666B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110176666A CN110176666A (en) | 2019-08-27 |
| CN110176666B true CN110176666B (en) | 2020-09-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910403512.5A Active CN110176666B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3819984B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP7025596B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110176666B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020228759A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110176666B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-09-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
| CN111446541A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-24 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Cross-shaped array circularly polarized antenna |
| CN112563716A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | High-gain large-angle scanning cross antenna |
| CN114256606B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2024-03-29 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Antenna |
| CN115663463B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-08-11 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | Circularly polarized antenna |
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| CN110176666B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-09-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Wide-angle scanning dual-polarized dipole antenna |
-
2019
- 2019-05-15 CN CN201910403512.5A patent/CN110176666B/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-05-14 WO PCT/CN2020/090163 patent/WO2020228759A1/en unknown
- 2020-05-14 EP EP20806225.7A patent/EP3819984B1/en active Active
- 2020-05-14 JP JP2021500399A patent/JP7025596B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2021524699A (en) | 2021-09-13 |
| EP3819984A4 (en) | 2022-04-20 |
| CN110176666A (en) | 2019-08-27 |
| WO2020228759A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
| EP3819984A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
| JP7025596B2 (en) | 2022-02-24 |
| EP3819984B1 (en) | 2024-05-01 |
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