CN110176609B - Air supply system of fuel cell engine and fuel cell vehicle - Google Patents

Air supply system of fuel cell engine and fuel cell vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110176609B
CN110176609B CN201910581814.1A CN201910581814A CN110176609B CN 110176609 B CN110176609 B CN 110176609B CN 201910581814 A CN201910581814 A CN 201910581814A CN 110176609 B CN110176609 B CN 110176609B
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air
pressure
fuel cell
controller
storage tank
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CN110176609A (en
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泮振锋
刘信奎
潘凤文
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04992Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an air supply system of a fuel cell engine and a fuel cell vehicle, wherein the air supply system comprises an air system, a hydrogen system and a controller, the air system comprises an air pumping device, a pressure air storage tank and air throttling devices arranged at air inlets of all electric stacks, and the controller is connected with all the electric stacks and all the air throttling devices to control the opening degree of all the air throttling devices. According to the scheme, air is stored into the pressure air storage tank with certain pressure through the air pumping device, when compressed air in the pressure air storage tank is introduced into each pile, the controller controls the opening of each air throttling device according to the power requirement of each pile so as to accurately adjust the air inflow and the air inflow pressure of each pile, so that the air inflow consistency and the air inflow requirement of each pile are ensured, meanwhile, the electric piles can be promoted to fully perform electrochemical reaction and timely respond performance, the power response of the engine is faster, and the air inflow requirement condition of a high-power fuel cell engine is met.

Description

Air supply system of fuel cell engine and fuel cell vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fuel cell engines, and more particularly, to an air supply system of a fuel cell engine and a fuel cell vehicle.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, the air supply system of the conventional fuel cell engine is realized by controlling the intake pressure and the intake flow rate by an air compressor. The air supply system specifically relies on an air compressor or blower to blow air into each stack of the fuel cell engine to react electrochemically with the supplied hydrogen to produce electrical energy and water. The hydrogen comes from a high-pressure hydrogen tank, and after two times of depressurization, the hydrogen still has certain pressure so as to smoothly enter each electric pile, and the air can enter each electric pile by taking certain pressure with the air through blowing of an air compressor. The air compressor needs to adjust the compression amount according to the change of the required power, so that the balance of the electrochemical reaction is ensured.
The prior art has the following defects: the mode firstly needs the air compressor to continuously change the working mode according to the change of the required power, so that the control tends to be complex, the service life of the air compressor is reduced, and meanwhile, larger noise is generated, and the comfort of a vehicle is reduced; secondly, the consistency of the air inlet pressure and the air inlet amount of each pile is difficult to ensure, the stable progress of the electrochemical reaction process is not facilitated, and the inconsistent power of each pile is further caused; in addition, the air compressor is slower to adjust the variable power, so that the power response of the engine is slower, and the development of the full power coverage of the fuel cell engine is further restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an air supply system for a fuel cell engine, which can ensure uniformity of intake air amount and intake pressure of each stack, and make power response of the engine faster, and satisfy intake demand conditions of a high-power fuel cell engine. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell vehicle including the above air supply system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The air supply system of the fuel cell engine comprises an air system and a hydrogen system, and further comprises a controller, wherein the air system comprises a pumping device, a pressure air storage tank and at least one air throttling device, the pumping device is used for pumping external air into the pressure air storage tank, the pressure air storage tank is used for pumping compressed air into each electric pile through an air inlet pipeline and the air throttling device, each air inlet corresponding to the electric pile is correspondingly provided with one air throttling device, the controller is connected with each electric pile and each air throttling device, and the controller comprises a power signal conversion module used for converting power signals of the electric piles into electric signals and an opening degree adjusting execution module connected with the power signal conversion module and used for controlling the opening degree of the air throttling device.
Preferably, the air supply system further comprises a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the pressure air storage tank, the pressure sensor is connected to the controller, the controller is connected with the air pumping device, and the controller comprises a pressure signal conversion module for converting a pressure signal into an electric signal and a switch module which is connected with the pressure signal conversion module and used for controlling the air pumping device to start and stop.
Preferably, the pressure air storage tank comprises a plurality of classification pressure tanks.
Preferably, the air throttle device is an air injection valve or a throttle valve.
Preferably, the air pumping device is an air compressor or a blower.
Preferably, an air cooling device is arranged between the air pumping device and the pressure air storage tank.
Preferably, an air filtering device is arranged between the air pumping device and the pressure air storage tank.
According to the scheme, air is stored into the pressure air storage tank with certain pressure through the air pumping device, when compressed air in the pressure air storage tank is introduced into each pile, the power of each pile is fed back to the controller, and the controller controls the opening of each air throttling device according to the power requirement of each pile so as to accurately adjust the air inflow and the air inflow pressure of each pile, so that the air inflow consistency and the air inflow requirement of each pile are guaranteed, meanwhile, the electric piles can be promoted to fully perform electrochemical reaction, the timely response performance is improved, the power response of the engine is faster, and the air inflow requirement condition of the high-power fuel cell engine is met.
The invention also provides a fuel cell vehicle comprising the air supply system. The deduction of the beneficial effects generated by the fuel cell vehicle is substantially similar to the deduction of the beneficial effects generated by the air supply system, and therefore, the description thereof will not be repeated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air supply system of a prior art fuel cell engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air supply system of a fuel cell engine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a pumping process control of a gas supply system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 2:
100-pumping device, 200-pressure air storage tank, 300-controller, 400-air cooling filter assembly, 500-pressure sensor and 600-air throttling device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an air supply system of a fuel cell engine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention mainly introduces a gas supply system of a high-power fuel cell engine formed by a plurality of low-power fuel cell engine modules, and because of the electrochemical reaction characteristic of a fuel cell, enough air and hydrogen are required to carry out chemical reaction to generate required electric energy.
In an embodiment, the present invention provides an air supply system of a fuel cell engine, including an air system and a hydrogen system, and further including a controller 300, where the air system includes a pumping device 100, a pressure air storage tank 200, and at least one air throttling device 600, the pumping device 100 is used to pump outside air into the pressure air storage tank 200, the pressure air storage tank 200 is used to introduce compressed air into each stack through an air inlet pipeline and the air throttling device 600, an air throttling device 600 is disposed at an air inlet corresponding to each stack, the controller 300 is connected to each stack and each air throttling device 600, and the controller includes a power signal conversion module for converting a power signal of the stacks into an electrical signal, and an opening degree adjustment execution module connected to the power signal conversion module and used to control an opening degree of the air throttling device 600.
Preferably, the air throttling device 600 is an air injection valve or a throttle valve, and of course, other components with a throttling function, such as a proportional valve, may be used in the air throttling device 600.
Preferably, the pumping device 100 is an air compressor or a blower. Of course, various air pumps may be used for the pumping device 100, and these pumping devices can pump external air into the pressure air storage tank 200.
Preferably, an air cooling device is provided between the pumping device 100 and the pressure air tank 200.
Preferably, an air filtering device is provided between the pumping device 100 and the pressure air tank 200.
Further preferably, the air cooling device and the air filtering device are integrated together, and the air cooling filtering assembly 400 is arranged, as shown in fig. 2, and the air cooling filtering assembly 400 can ensure the air inlet temperature and the air inlet quality of the electric pile.
The working principle of the air supply system provided by the invention is as follows:
according to the invention, the pressure air storage tank 200 is additionally arranged in an air system of the fuel cell engine, air is pumped into the pressure air storage tank 200 with certain pressure by the air pumping device 100 such as an air compressor or an air blower, the air throttle device 600 such as an air injection valve or a throttle valve is additionally arranged at the air inlet of each electric pile, when compressed air in the pressure air storage tank 200 is introduced into each electric pile, the power signal of each electric pile is fed back to the controller 300, the power signal conversion module in the controller 300 converts the power signal of the electric pile into an electric signal and then transmits the electric signal to the opening degree regulation execution module, and the opening degree regulation execution module controls the opening degree of each air throttle device 600 according to the power requirement of each electric pile so as to accurately regulate the air inflow amount and the air inflow pressure of each electric pile, thereby ensuring the consistency and the required air inflow amount of each electric pile, and simultaneously promoting the full electrochemical reaction of each electric pile and improving the timely response performance, so that the power response of the engine is faster and meets the air inflow requirement condition of the high-power fuel cell engine.
Preferably, the air supply system further includes a pressure sensor 500 for detecting the pressure inside the pressure air tank 200, the pressure sensor 500 is connected to the controller 300 for feeding back the air pressure inside the pressure air tank 200 in real time, the controller 300 is connected to the air pumping device 100, and the controller 300 includes a pressure signal conversion module for converting the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 500 into an electrical signal, and a switch module connected to the pressure signal conversion module and for controlling the start and stop of the air pumping device 100.
The control process of the air supply system of the scheme is as follows:
1. after the fuel cell vehicle is electrified, the controller 300 firstly controls the air pumping device 100 to pump air into the pressure air storage tank 200, and after the controller 300 receives the pressure fed back by the pressure sensor 500 and reaches a set value, the air pumping device 100 is controlled to stop pumping, so that the air pressure in the pressure air storage tank 200 is stable when the fuel cell engine works;
2. when the fuel cell engine works, the controller 300 controls the air inflow of the air throttling device 600 according to the power requirement of each electric pile, and then adjusts the output power of the electric pile;
3. The controller 300 controls whether the pumping device 100 is pumping according to the information about the operating state of the fuel cell engine, the pressure of the pressure air tank 200, etc., and the specific pumping process is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the pumping process of the air supply system according to the present embodiment is as follows:
1. The controller 300 firstly determines whether the air compressor works according to the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank 200 and the working state of the fuel cell engine, and when the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank 200 is smaller than the set pressure value and the fuel cell engine is in the working state, the air compressor is controlled to pump air;
2. During the operation of the fuel cell engine, the controller 300 collects the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank 200 in real time, and controls the air compressor to stop pumping when the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank 200 is greater than the set pressure value, otherwise, controls the air compressor to continue pumping.
It should be noted that, the pressure air storage tank 200 in this solution may be further divided into a plurality of classifying pressure tanks, and other parts of the air supply system are consistent with the above, so that the pressure of each classifying pressure tank presents different levels, which is beneficial to reducing the back pressure of the air compressor and improving the efficiency of the air compressor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, the air with certain pressure is reserved by the pressure air storage tank, and the opening degree of the air throttling device of each electric pile is controlled by the controller, so that the independent control of the air inlet pressure and the air inlet amount of each electric pile is realized, the control is simpler and more convenient, and the air inlet consistency and the air inlet amount of each electric pile are ensured;
2) The air pumping devices such as the air compressor or the air blower can be used under fixed working conditions, so that the working state of the air compressor is prevented from being regulated due to different power requirements, the control difficulty is reduced, the working life of the air compressor is prolonged, the noise of the air compressor is reduced, and the vehicle comfort is improved;
3) The timely and efficient air supply system can improve the power correspondence and the following performance of the fuel cell engine and meet the power requirement of the whole vehicle;
4) The design of a high-power fuel cell engine air supply system is solved, the use of equipment such as an air compressor is reduced, and the control complexity is reduced;
5) The air supply system provided by the invention is not only suitable for high-power fuel cell engines with multiple stacks, but also suitable for single-stack fuel cell engines.
The invention also provides a fuel cell vehicle comprising the air supply system. The deduction of the beneficial effects generated by the fuel cell vehicle is substantially similar to the deduction of the beneficial effects generated by the air supply system, and therefore, the description thereof will not be repeated.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. The air supply system of the fuel cell engine comprises an air system and a hydrogen system, and is characterized by further comprising a controller (300), wherein the air system comprises a pumping device (100), a pressure air storage tank (200) and at least one air throttling device (600), the pumping device (100) is used for pumping external air into the pressure air storage tank (200), the pressure air storage tank (200) is used for introducing compressed air into each electric pile through an air inlet pipeline and the air throttling device (600), each air inlet corresponding to each electric pile is provided with one air throttling device (600), the controller (300) is connected with each electric pile and each air throttling device (600), and the controller (300) comprises a power signal conversion module used for converting power signals of the electric piles into electric signals and an opening degree adjustment execution module connected with the power signal conversion module and used for controlling the opening degree of the air throttling device (600);
The device further comprises a pressure sensor (500) for detecting the internal pressure of the pressure air storage tank (200), wherein the pressure sensor (500) is connected to the controller (300), the controller (300) is connected with the pumping device (100), and the controller (300) comprises a pressure signal conversion module for converting a pressure signal into an electric signal and a switch module which is connected with the pressure signal conversion module and is used for controlling the pumping device (100) to start and stop;
the control process of the air supply system is as follows:
After the fuel cell vehicle is electrified, the controller (300) firstly controls the pumping device (100) to pump air into the pressure air storage tank (200), and after the controller (300) receives the pressure fed back by the pressure sensor (500) and reaches a set value, the pumping device (100) is controlled to stop pumping air, so that the air pressure in the pressure air storage tank (200) is stable when the fuel cell engine works;
when the fuel cell engine works, the controller (300) controls the air inflow of the air throttling device (600) according to the power requirement of each electric pile, so as to adjust the output power of the electric pile;
the controller (300) controls whether the air pumping device (100) pumps air according to the working state of the fuel cell engine and the pressure of the pressure air storage tank (200);
the pumping process of the air supply system is as follows:
The controller (300) firstly judges whether the air compressor works according to the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank (200) and the working state of the fuel cell engine, and when the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank (200) is smaller than a set pressure value and the fuel cell engine is in the working state, the air compressor is controlled to pump air;
in the working process of the fuel cell engine, the controller (300) collects the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank (200) in real time, and when the pressure value of the pressure air storage tank (200) is larger than a set pressure value, the air compressor is controlled to stop pumping, otherwise, the air compressor is controlled to continue pumping.
2. The gas supply system according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized gas reservoir (200) comprises a plurality of staged pressure tanks.
3. The air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air restriction (600) is an air injection valve or a throttle valve.
4. The air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that the air pumping device (100) is an air compressor or a blower.
5. The air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that an air cooling device is arranged between the pumping device (100) and the pressure air reservoir (200).
6. The air supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that an air filtering device is arranged between the pumping device (100) and the pressure air reservoir (200).
7. A fuel cell vehicle comprising the air supply system of the fuel cell engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN201910581814.1A 2019-06-30 2019-06-30 Air supply system of fuel cell engine and fuel cell vehicle Active CN110176609B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110979037A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-04-10 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 Air compressor control method and system of hybrid power vehicle and storage medium
CN111900442B (en) * 2020-06-17 2021-08-31 中车工业研究院有限公司 Fuel cell gas flow distribution device and control method
CN112886035B (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-12-24 清华大学 Method and system for accurately regulating and controlling carbon monoxide-resistant anode air injection of fuel cell
CN113346108A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-09-03 黄冈格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 Fuel cell air system for power station and control method
CN113782791B (en) * 2021-08-02 2023-01-10 佛山仙湖实验室 Power control method and system for vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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CN108987767A (en) * 2018-08-07 2018-12-11 同济大学 A kind of fuel cell system and method for more manifold air supplies
CN210006829U (en) * 2019-06-30 2020-01-31 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Air supply system of fuel cell engines and fuel cell vehicles

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