CN110175415B - Method for determining surface boundary of strip mine - Google Patents
Method for determining surface boundary of strip mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110175415B CN110175415B CN201910463000.8A CN201910463000A CN110175415B CN 110175415 B CN110175415 B CN 110175415B CN 201910463000 A CN201910463000 A CN 201910463000A CN 110175415 B CN110175415 B CN 110175415B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/26—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/30—Methods of surface mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining surface boundary of strip mine, which comprises the following steps: 1) Determining a mining program of a surface miner; 2) According to the mining program of the surface miner in the step 1), dividing the stope and defining the surface boundary. The invention provides a method for determining the surface boundary of the strip mine according to the process of the strip mine based on the determined mining program of the strip mine, so that the definition of the surface boundary of the strip mine is more reasonable, the recovery rate of the ore is improved, the dilution rate is reduced, and the ordered mining of the mine is ensured. The method for determining the surface boundary of the strip mine can reserve the dispersive ore body meeting the requirements of the process of the strip mining machine and improve the recovery rate of the ore to a great extent. Aiming at large-area continuous ore bodies, the boundary of the strip mine is defined more accurately, so that the ore recovery rate can be improved, and the dilution rate can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of strip mine exploitation, and particularly relates to a method for determining surface boundary of a strip mine.
Background
At present, the surface boundary of the surface of the strip bauxite mine mined by the strip miner process is defined according to the range of a stripping ratio isoline, the surface boundary of the strip bauxite mine defined according to the principle is dispersed, the mining program of the strip miner is not taken into account when the boundary is defined, most dispersed ore bodies with smaller area and finished by the definition are manually abandoned, only large-area continuous ore bodies are reserved, and a large amount of ore resources which can be mined by the strip miner originally are wasted. Also, strip mine areas are generally not stoped and tend to advance from side to side of the stope, resulting in significant ore loss and depletion. Because the traditional surface mine adopting the surface mining machine to mine does not consider the mining procedure of the surface mining machine, the difference between the surface boundary defined by the stripping ratio isoline and the surface boundary of the surface mining field after real mining is large, the rock mass counted according to the boundary is seriously inconsistent with the real condition, and the actual production requirement of the mine cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for more truly and accurately determining the surface boundary of an open pit mine, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the resource recovery rate and reducing the ore dilution rate.
The method for determining the surface boundary of the strip mine comprises the following steps:
1) Determining a mining program of a surface miner:
a. determining the length of a working line of the surface miner;
b. determining a mining swath width for the surface miner in a standard operating cycle;
c. determining the number of mined strips in a standard operating cycle;
d. determining a strip mining sequence;
2) According to the mining program of the surface miner in the step 1), dividing the stope and defining a surface boundary:
e. preliminarily defining an open-pit mine ground surface boundary by using a stripping ratio isoline, taking 4 outermost side boundary points of the preliminarily defined open-pit mine ground surface boundary, making two parallel horizontal straight lines through the upper boundary point and the lower boundary point respectively, making two parallel vertical straight lines through the left boundary point and the right boundary point respectively, and intersecting every two of the 4 straight lines to form a rectangular area;
f. determining the mining program of the surface miner in step 1) determining the width and length of the sub-zones;
g. taking one vertex of the rectangle in the step e as a starting point, taking a short side corresponding to the vertex as a starting side, and dividing the stope into a plurality of partitions according to the width and the length of the partitions in the step f;
h. g, adjusting the length of each subarea according to the continuous condition and the discontinuous condition of the ore body in the subarea divided in the step g;
i. and (3) repairing each partition with the adjusted length, and then sequentially connecting the maximum outer contours of all the repaired partitions to obtain a closed outer contour, namely the finally defined surface boundary of the strip mine.
In the step a, the length of the working line of the surface miner is determined, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: determining a reasonable working line length of an open-pit mining machine to be L c ，L c ＝(15～20)*L min ，L min ＝L x +2L j (ii) a Wherein: l is x For discharging the length of the belt, L, of the surface-miner j For the length of the body of the surface miner, L min The minimum operating line length of the surface miner.
In step b, the strip width of a standard operating cycle is W-0.1, except for the first strip width, which is the maximum cutting width W of the surface miner.
In step c, the number of strips in a standard operation cycle is
In which L is the length of the unloading belt of the surface miner, and/or>
To round the symbol down.
In the step d, determining the mining sequence of the strip specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the center line of the long side of each partition as a symmetry axis, and respectively offsetting W/2 distances to two sides to be used as a 1 st mining strip;
s2, respectively determining the rest S-1 mining strips by the distance of W-0.1 for the 1 st strip boundary to respectively shift to two sides;
s3, numbering from one side close to the 1 st strip to one side far away from the 1 st strip by taking the 1 st strip as a center, wherein all the one sides are odd numbers, and all the other sides are even numbers;
s4, mining sequentially according to the sequence of the woven strips, wherein the material mined by the 1 st strip is directly left in the current mining strip, and when the materials of the other strips are mined, the discharging belt of the surface miner deflects to the 1 st strip to unload so as to form a material pile with a triangular cross section;
and S5, after finishing one-time mining depth of all the strips in the current subarea, switching the surface miner to the next subarea operation, finishing one cycle operation, and loading the material pile in the current subarea to the transportation equipment by the mining equipment.
The step e specifically comprises the following steps: placing the preliminary delineation of the surface boundary of the strip mine in a coordinate system, wherein the boundary point at the leftmost side (also the point with the minimum abscissa) is A, and the coordinate is (x) a ,y a ) (ii) a The rightmost boundary point (i.e., the point with the largest abscissa) is B, and the coordinate is (x) b ,y b ) (ii) a The lowermost boundary point (i.e., the point with the smallest ordinate) is C, and the coordinate is (x) c ,y c ) (ii) a The uppermost boundary point (i.e., the point having the largest vertical coordinate) is denoted by D and the coordinate thereof is denoted by (x) d ,y d ) (ii) a Then at point E (x) a ,y c )、F(x b ,y c )、H(x a ,y d )、G(x b ,y d ) And (5) making a rectangular area for the vertex of the rectangle.
In the step f, the partition width is N, N = (S-1) × (W-0.1) + W; the length of the subarea is M, and M = L c 。
In the step h, when the ore bodies in the subareas are continuous, the length of the subareas is adjusted in the following way: deleting the partition part outside the preliminary delineation ground surface boundary of the current partition; when the length of the long side of the sectioned ore body is less than or equal to M/2, combining the sectioned ore body with the longitudinally adjacent partitions into a partition; after the continuous ore body is divided into two sections by longitudinal partition, if the length of the long side of the divided ore body is less than or equal to L min When the ore body is divided into a plurality of sections, the sections where the ore body is located are combined into one section.
In the step h, when the ore body in the subarea is discontinuous, the length of the subarea is adjusted by adopting the following method: the length of the ore body along the length direction of the subareas is more than or equal to 2L min If so, the surface boundary of the part of ore body is reserved, otherwise, the part of ore body is directly deleted; deleting the partition part outside the current earth surface boundary, and recording the intersection point coordinates of the outer side of the partition and the earth surface boundary; and when the length of the long side of the intercepted subarea is less than or equal to M/2, combining the subarea with the longitudinally adjacent subarea into a subarea.
The boundary repairing in the step i specifically comprises the following steps: taking any partition with the adjusted length, and setting the coordinates of four end points as I (x) i ,y i )、J(x j ,y j )K(x k ,y k )L(x l ,y l ) Minimum value y of ordinate of middle, upper and short sides IJ j Maximum value y of ordinate of lower short side KL l To (x) i ,y j )、(x j ,y j )、(x k ,y l )、(x l ,y l ) Modifying the current partition for the endpoint, where x i ＝x k ，x j ＝x l 。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) The invention provides a method for determining the surface boundary of a strip mine according to the process of the strip mine based on the mining program of the strip mine, so that the definition of the surface boundary of the strip mine is more reasonable, the recovery rate of ores is improved, the dilution rate is reduced, and the ordered mining of mines is ensured. 2) The method for determining the surface boundary of the strip mine can reserve the dispersive ore body meeting the requirements of the process of the strip mining machine and improve the recovery rate of the ore to a great extent. 3) Aiming at large-area continuous ore bodies, the surface boundary of the strip mine is defined more accurately, so that the ore recovery rate can be improved, and the dilution rate can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a surface boundary of an open pit mine primarily delineated by a strip ratio contour.
Fig. 2 is a surface boundary of an open-pit mine treated by a conventional boundary defining method.
Fig. 3 is a view showing an actual surface boundary formed after the conventional mining method is completed.
FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of a surface miner mining sequence; and (b) is a mining sequence operation profile of the surface miner.
Fig. 5 is a rectangular area determined based on the surface boundary of the open pit preliminarily defined by the stripping ratio contour.
Fig. 6 is a partition map.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of partition length adjustment.
FIG. 8 is a zone correction.
Fig. 9 (a) is a diagram for specifying a surface boundary, and (b) is a partial enlargement for specifying a surface boundary.
The surface boundaries delineated in the example of fig. 10 are to be compared with the surface boundaries delineated in a conventional manner.
Wherein: 1. preliminarily delineating a surface boundary; 2. the traditional method delineates the surface boundary; 3. mining the strip; 4. ore heaping; 5. a rectangular area; 6. partitioning; 7. example 1 the circumscripted surface boundary.
Detailed Description
All length and width units herein are meters.
Comparative example
The conventional method for delineating the surface boundary of a strip mine is shown in fig. 1 to 3, and it can be seen that the conventional method comprises the following steps: 1) Firstly, a stripping ratio isoline is adopted to preliminarily define a surface boundary, the defined area is shown as figure 1, and in figure 1, a large continuous ore body is arranged at the surface boundary of an open pit mine, and a part of dispersed ore bodies are arranged around the surface boundary of the open pit mine. 2) According to the requirement of the working line length when the surface miner mines, the ore body with large dispersity and small area is abandoned, the enclosed area is shown in figure 2, and as can be seen from figure 2, except for large continuous ore bodies, the surrounding dispersed ore bodies are basically not in the enclosed area. 3) In order to meet the requirement of turning around when the surface miner mines to the boundary position of the ore body, the end part of the area defined in fig. 2 is further modified, as shown in fig. 3, the end part area is mined into a straight line, and finally the boundary defined in fig. 3 is the area defined by the dotted line, compared with fig. 1, the boundary difference between the two areas is easily found.
Example 1
In the scheme, the SM2500 surface miner is taken as an example for illustration, and the main technical parameters of the Viter root SM2500 surface miner are as follows: the machine body length is 22.7, the discharge belt length is 11.3, and the maximum cutting width is 2.5.
Firstly, determining a mining program of a surface miner:
(1) The length of the surface miner workstring is determined as follows:
L min ＝L x +2L j ＝11.3+2×22.7＝56.7
L c ＝15*L min ＝15×56.7＝850.5
(2) The width of the mining strip in one standard work cycle is determined as follows:
the first strip width was 2.5 for the maximum cutting width of the surface miner, and the remaining strip widths were 2.4.
(3) The number of mined strips in a standard operating cycle is determined as follows:
the number of stripes in a standard operating cycle is
(4) The strip mining sequence.
In the first step, the central line of the long side of the partition is taken as a symmetry axis, and the two sides of the partition are respectively offset by 1.25 distances to be taken as a 1 st mining strip.
In the second step, the remaining 8 mining bands are determined with the 1 st band boundary shifted to each side by a distance of 2.4.
And thirdly, numbering the 1 st strip from the side close to the 1 st strip to the side far away from the 1 st strip by taking the 1 st strip as the center, wherein all the one sides are odd numbers, and all the other sides are even numbers, as shown in fig. 4 (a).
And fourthly, mining the strips in sequence according to the braided strip sequence, wherein the material mined by the 1 st strip is directly left in the current mining strip, and when the material of the rest strips is mined, the material is deflected to the 1 st strip by using a discharging belt of the surface miner to be unloaded to form a material pile with a triangular cross section, as shown in fig. 4 (b).
And fifthly, after the current 9 strips in the subarea finish one-time mining, the surface miner shifts to the next subarea operation, one cycle operation is finished, and the material pile of the current subarea is loaded to the transportation equipment by the mining equipment.
The second one divides the stope according to the mining program of the surface miner, and defines the surface boundary:
(1) Determination of rectangular regions
Based on the boundary of the earth surface defined by the striper ratio isoline (as shown in FIG. 1), the defined region graph is placed in a coordinate system, and as shown in FIG. 5, the boundary point on the leftmost side (also the minimum point of the abscissa) is taken as A, and the coordinate is taken as (x) a ,y a ) (ii) a The rightmost boundary point (also the maximum point on the abscissa) is B, and the coordinate is (x) b ,y b ) (ii) a The lowermost boundary point (also the minimum point on the ordinate) is C, and the coordinate is (x) c ,y c ) (ii) a The uppermost boundary point (i.e., the maximum point on the ordinate) is denoted by D and the coordinate is denoted by (x) d ,y d ) (ii) a Then at point E (x) a ,y c )、F(x b ,y c )、H(x a ,y d )、G(x b ,y d ) And making a rectangular area for the vertex of the rectangle.
(2) Sector size determination and stope partitioning
Based on the above-mentioned surface miner technical parameters, the bay size is determined with a bay length of M =850.5 and a width of N =21.7.
And dividing the stope by the determined partition size, dividing the stope by the partition size towards the inner side of the rectangle by taking the end point G of the short side of one side of the rectangle as a starting point, wherein the length of each partition is M, the width of each partition is N, and the long side of each partition is coincident with or parallel to the short side GF, as shown in figure 6.
(3) Adjustment of partition length
The ore body in the subarea is divided into a continuous condition and a discontinuous condition.
When the ore bodies in the subareas are continuous, the stope is divided in the following way: and deleting the partition part outside the boundary of the current partition surface. When the length of the long side of the sectioned ore body is less than or equal to 425.25, the sectioned ore body and the longitudinally adjacent sections are combined into one section. After the continuous ore body is divided into two sections by longitudinal zoning, if the length of the long side of the sectioned zoning ore body is less than or equal to 56.7, the sectioned zoning ore body and the zoning where the longitudinally adjacent continuous ore body is located are combined into one zoning.
When the ore bodies in the subareas are discontinuous, the stopes are divided in the following modes: when the length of the ore body along the length direction of the subarea is more than or equal to 113.4, the surface boundary of the part of the ore body is reserved, otherwise, the ore body is directly deleted. And deleting the partition part outside the current surface boundary, and recording the intersection point coordinates of the outside of the partition and the surface boundary. When the length of the long side of the intercepted subarea is less than or equal to 425.25, the subarea and the longitudinally adjacent subarea are combined into one subarea. The partitions after processing are shown in fig. 7.
(4) And (5) correction of the surface boundary.
Setting four endpoints I (x) of any partition after the length adjustment i ，y i )、J(x j ，y j )、K(x k ，y k )、L(x l ，y l ) Minimum y of ordinate of upper and lower edges IJ in coordinate j Maximum value y of ordinate of lower short side KL l To (x) i ，y j )、(x j ，y j )、(x k ，y l )、(x l ，y l ) The current partition is modified for the endpoint. FIG. 8 illustrates a partition correction process.
(5) And (5) determination of surface boundaries.
After all the subareas are completely corrected once, the maximum outline formed by all the subareas is connected in sequence, and the closed outline is the corrected surface boundary, as shown in fig. 9 (a). In the enlarged view of the partial region in fig. 9 (a) (fig. 9 (b)), it can be seen that the boundary line defined by the present invention is relatively close to the preliminarily defined boundary line (fig. 1). From fig. 10, comparing the boundary of the surface defined in the present application with the boundary of the surface defined in the comparative example, we can easily find that the present invention retains more dispersive ore bodies, and the boundary line is closer to the preliminarily defined boundary line in the comparative example, so that the method for determining the boundary of the surface of the strip mine of the present invention is more reasonable and more accurate, thereby achieving the effects of improving the recovery rate of ores and reducing the depletion rate, and ensuring the ordered mining of the mine.
Claims (8)
1. A method of determining surface boundaries of a strip mine, comprising the steps of:
1) Determining a mining program of a surface miner:
a. determining the length of a working line of a surface miner, specifically comprising the steps of: determining a reasonable working line length of an open-pit mining machine to be L c ，L c ＝(15～20)*L min ，L min ＝L x +2L j (ii) a Wherein: l is x For discharging the length of the belt, L, of the surface-miner j For the length of the body of the surface miner, L min The minimum working line length for a surface miner;
b. determining the mining swath width of the surface miner for a standard operating cycle: the strip widths of the remaining strips in a standard operating cycle are all W-0.1, except for the first strip width, which is the maximum cutting width W of the surface miner;
c. determining the number S of mined strips in a standard operating cycle;
d. determining a strip mining sequence;
2) According to the mining program of the surface miner in the step 1), dividing the stope and defining a surface boundary:
e. preliminarily delineating an open pit earth surface boundary by using a stripping ratio isoline, taking 4 outermost boundary points of the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the preliminarily delineating open pit earth surface boundary, respectively making two parallel horizontal straight lines through the upper boundary point and the lower boundary point, respectively making two parallel vertical straight lines through the left boundary point and the right boundary point, and enabling the 4 straight lines to be intersected in pairs to form a rectangular area;
f. determining the width N and the length M of the subarea according to the mining program of the mining machine in the step 1);
g. taking a vertex of the rectangle in the step e as a starting point, taking a short side corresponding to the vertex as a starting side, and dividing the stope into a plurality of partitions according to the width N and the length M of the partitions in the step f;
h. according to the continuous condition and the discontinuous condition of the ore body in the partition divided by the step f, adjusting the length of each partition;
i. and (3) performing boundary repairing on each partition with the adjusted length, and then sequentially connecting the maximum outer contours of all the repaired boundary partitions to obtain a closed outer contour, namely finally delineating the surface boundary of the strip mine.
2. The method of determining surface boundaries of a surface mine as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step c the number of strips in a standard operating cycle is
In the formula
To round the symbol down.
3. The method of determining surface boundaries of a strip mine according to claim 1, wherein in step d, the determining of the strip mining sequence comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the center line of the long side of each partition as a symmetry axis, and respectively offsetting W/2 distances to two sides to be used as a 1 st mining strip;
s2, respectively determining the rest S-1 mining strips by the distance of W-0.1 of the boundary of the 1 st strip to the two sides;
s3, numbering from one side close to the 1 st strip to one side far away from the 1 st strip by taking the 1 st strip as a center, wherein all the one sides are odd numbers, and all the other sides are even numbers;
s4, mining sequentially according to the sequence of the woven strips, wherein the material mined by the 1 st strip is directly left in the current mining strip, and when the materials of the other strips are mined, an unloading belt of a surface miner is utilized to deflect the 1 st strip to unload the materials to form a material pile with a triangular cross section;
and S5, after finishing one-time mining depth of all the strips in the current subarea, switching the surface miner to the next subarea operation, finishing one cycle operation, and loading the material pile in the current subarea to the transportation equipment by the mining equipment.
4. The defined surface of claim 1The method for the mine surface boundary is characterized in that the step e specifically comprises the following steps: placing the preliminary delineation of the surface boundary of the strip mine in a coordinate system, wherein the boundary point at the leftmost side, which is also the minimum point of the abscissa, is A, and the coordinate is (x) a ,y a ) (ii) a The rightmost boundary point, which is also the maximum point on the abscissa, is B, and the coordinate is (x) b ,y b ) (ii) a The lowest boundary point is also the minimum point of the ordinate and is C, and the coordinate is (x) c ,y c ) (ii) a The uppermost boundary point, the maximum point on the ordinate, is D, and the coordinate is (x) d ,y d ) (ii) a Then at point E (x) a ,y c )、F(x b ,y c )、H(x a ,y d )、G(x b ,y d ) And (5) making a rectangular area for the vertex of the rectangle.
5. The method of determining surface boundaries of a strip mine according to claim 1, wherein in step f, the bay width is N, N = (S-1) * (W-0.1) + W; the length of the subarea is M, and M = L c 。
6. The method of determining surface boundaries of a strip mine according to claim 1, wherein in step h, the length of a sub-zone is adjusted when the ore bodies within the sub-zone are contiguous by: deleting the partition part outside the preliminary delineation ground surface boundary of the current partition; when the length of the long side of the sectioned ore body is less than or equal to M/2, combining the sectioned ore body with the longitudinally adjacent partitions into a partition; after the continuous ore body is divided into two sections by longitudinal partition, if the length of the long side of the divided ore body is less than or equal to L min And combining the continuous ore body with the partition where the longitudinally adjacent continuous ore body is located into one partition.
7. A method of determining surface boundaries of a strip mine according to claim 1 or 6, wherein in step h, when the ore body in the sub-zone is discontinuous, the length of the sub-zone is adjusted by: the length of the ore body along the length direction of the subareas is more than or equal to 2L min The surface boundary of the part of ore body is ensuredIf not, directly deleting; deleting the partition part outside the current earth surface boundary, and recording the intersection point coordinates of the outside of the partition and the earth surface boundary; and when the length of the long side of the intercepted subarea is less than or equal to M/2, combining the subarea with the longitudinally adjacent subarea into a subarea.
8. The method for determining surface boundaries of a strip mine according to claim 1, wherein the boundary definition in step i specifically comprises the following steps: taking any partition with the adjusted length, and setting the coordinates of four end points as I (x) i ，y i )、J(x j ，y j )K(x k ，y k )L(x l ，y l ) Minimum value y of ordinate of upper and lower short sides IJ j Maximum value y of ordinate of KL of lower short side l To (x) i ，y j )、(x j ，y j )、(x k ，y l )、(x l ，y l ) The current partition is modified for the endpoint.
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