CN110174781A - A kind of reticular structure micro-loop electro-optical switch array device - Google Patents
A kind of reticular structure micro-loop electro-optical switch array device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110174781A CN110174781A CN201910372211.0A CN201910372211A CN110174781A CN 110174781 A CN110174781 A CN 110174781A CN 201910372211 A CN201910372211 A CN 201910372211A CN 110174781 A CN110174781 A CN 110174781A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
- G02F1/0316—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/035—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect in an optical waveguide structure
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reticular structure micro-loop electro-optical switch array device, which be made of N+1 horizontal channel, the vertical channel of N item and 2N micro-loop, and containing there are two micro-loop in each array element, all micro-loop radiuses are all equal for R=R1=R2=...=RN, the length L=2L of main channel1+(N‑1)L3, distance L between the output port Coupling point adjacent thereto of i-th vertical channel5i=L1+(N‑i)L2(R+d+w), the distance L between the output port of i-th horizontal channel Coupling point adjacent thereto8i=L1+(N‑i)L3+ (R+d+w), electrode is only added in micro-loop, and electrode is not added on channel；The structure of micro-loop waveguide is followed successively by top electrode, upper buffer layer, waveguide core layer, bottom breaker, lower electrode from top to bottom, wherein there was only waveguide core layer is polymer as electro-optical material, the operating voltage U being added on upper/lower electrode can cause the variations in refractive index of sandwich layer electrooptical material, and the dielectric layer of other non-electrooptical materials, refractive index do not change with operating voltage.Device of the present invention has both filter function and switching function, and since resonance is twice, primary relative to resonance in array element for resonance light wave, which can obtain lower disresonance light and crosstalk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electro-optic switching devices, belong to fiber waveguide device, specifically a kind of reticular structure micro-loop
Electro-optical switch array device is applied to optical communication system.
Background technique
With the fast development of the ultra high-speed optical information processing technology, demand of the people to bandwidth is increasing.Communication network
Node generally has a large amount of port or wavelength channel, this just needs functional, cheap light shutter device.Photoswitch master
It is divided into several major class such as mechanical optical switch, thermo-optical switch, electrooptical switching, acoustooptic switch and all-optical switch.Electrooptical switching therein
There is faster switching speed and shorter response time relative to other photoswitches, have in optical communication system very extensive
Application.
Micro-ring resonator has the advantages that compact-sized, integrated level is high, insertion loss is small, crosstalk is low etc., optical signal prosessing,
Filtering, wavelength-division multiplex, demultiplexing, switch, laser etc. all have a wide range of applications.In addition, the resonance of micro-ring resonator is not
Cavity surface or grating are needed to provide light feedback, therefore are conducive to integrated with other photoelectron elements.
Compared with other inorganic electrooptical materials, Poled Polymeric Electro optic Materials have electro-optic coefficient is high, refractive index easily adjusts,
Response time is short, fast response time, switching voltage are low, moldability can wait well good characteristics, it has also become production electrooptical switching and electricity
The ideal material of optical modulator.During making opto-electronic device, without high-temperature heating, using rotary coating, reactive ion
Etching etc. techniques, have many advantages, such as simple process, be easily integrated, be at low cost, can be greatly reduced its technology difficulty with
Cost of manufacture promotes the cost performance and the market competitiveness of product.
Core material uses the micro-loop electrooptical switching of polymer as electro-optical material, and due to micro-loop radius very little, light is in micro-loop
The light path of transmission one week is very short, so switch time is very short.Than the electrooptical switching such as polymer direction coupled mode of other structures
The switch time of electrooptical switching and MZI type is much smaller.Therefore it is based on the micro- ring type structure of polymer, is expected to become high-performance commercialization
Electrooptical switching.
The electrooptical switching formed by monocycle resonator, the Lorentz spectral response with convex shape, disresonance light compare
By force, the crosstalk of interchannel is larger, this affects the switch performance of device to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address above-mentioned problems of the prior art, a kind of reticular structure micro-loop electric light is provided and is opened
Array device is closed, when no applied voltage, which is micro-ring resonator filter array；When applying voltage, which is that micro-loop is humorous
Shake electro-optical switch array；The array device is to have both filter function and switching function.Since resonance light wave is humorous in array element
Twice, primary relative to resonance, which can obtain lower disresonance light and crosstalk for vibration.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, a kind of reticular structure micro-loop electro-optical switch array device, the array device
It is to be made of N+1 horizontal channel, the vertical channel of N item and 2N micro-loop, containing there are two micro-loop, Suo Youwei in each array element
It is R=R that ring radius is all equal1=R2=...=RN, the length L=2L of main channel1+(N-1)L3, the output of i-th vertical channel
Distance L between the Coupling point adjacent thereto of port5i=L1+(N-i)L2(R+d+w), the output port of i-th horizontal channel with
Distance L between its neighbouring Coupling point8i=L1+(N-i)L3+ (R+d+w), wherein L1It hangs down for main channeling port to adjacent thereto
The distance of straight channel, L3For the distance between neighboring vertical channel two-by-two, L2For the distance between adjacent level channel two-by-two.
Electrode is only added in micro-loop, and electrode is not added on channel；The structure of micro-loop waveguide is from top to bottom successively are as follows: top electrode,
Upper buffer layer, waveguide core layer, bottom breaker, lower electrode are added in power-on and power-off wherein only waveguide core layer is polymer as electro-optical material
Operating voltage U on extremely can cause the variations in refractive index of sandwich layer electrooptical material, and the dielectric layer of other non-electrooptical materials, refraction
Rate does not change with operating voltage.
When in column unit in micro-loop without external working voltage when, from main channel input port input different wave length signal light
Constantly it is coupled into first micro-loop of first array element, in this coupling process, the letter of only one specific wavelength
Number light meets micro-ring resonant condition, and resonance occurs in micro-loop, this resonance signal enters first by vertical channel couples
Second micro-loop of a array element, occurs resonance again, by the output of first horizontal channel (channel below main channel)
Port output, output light is maximum with the output power of this resonance wavelength, and the output power of other horizontal channel ports is
Minimum, so as to complete filter function.
When having external working voltage in micro-loop in current i column unit, the refractive index of sandwich layer electrooptical material changes, from
And condition of resonance is caused to change, according to the micro-ring resonant principle of front it is found that Output optical power will be redistributed, work as work
When voltage U takes appropriate value, the Output optical power of i+1 horizontal channel can be made maximum, and other horizontal channel corresponding ports
Output optical power be minimum, corresponding operating voltage U is defined as switching voltage U at this times.The value for changing i from 1 to N, to preceding i
Micro-loop successively applies switching voltage U in column units, just can complete the switching function of N+1 horizontal channel.
Advantages of the present invention and have the technical effect that array device of the present invention be have both filter function and switching function.Due to
Resonance light wave resonance in array element is twice, primary relative to resonance, which can obtain lower disresonance
Light and crosstalk.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the planar structure schematic diagram of device Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of a column unit in device Fig. 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is micro-loop waveguiding structure A-A sectional view in device Fig. 3 of the present invention
Fig. 5 is channel waveguide structure B-B sectional view in device Fig. 3 of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the output light spectrogram of present invention horizontal channel each in no external working voltage.
Fig. 7 is the Output optical power of present invention horizontal channel each under different operating mode with the variation diagram of operating voltage.
Fig. 8 is the output light spectrogram of present invention horizontal channel each under switching voltage.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in attached drawing 1,2: a kind of reticular structure micro-loop electro-optical switch array device, the array device are by N+1 water
Ordinary mail road, the vertical channel of N item and 2N micro-loop are constituted, and it is R=R that all micro-loop radiuses are all equal1=R2=...=RN, Mei Gezhen
Containing there are two micro-loop (see Fig. 3), the length L=2L of main channel in column unit1+(N-1)L3, the output port of i-th vertical channel
Distance L between Coupling point adjacent thereto5i=L1+(N-i)L2(R+d+w), the output port of i-th horizontal channel and its neighbour
Distance L between close Coupling point8i=L1+(N-i)L3+ (R+d+w), wherein L1For main channeling port to vertical letter adjacent thereto
The distance in road, L3For the distance between neighboring vertical channel two-by-two, L2For the distance between adjacent level channel two-by-two.
The structure of micro-loop waveguide is from top to bottom successively are as follows: top electrode, upper buffer layer, waveguide core layer, bottom breaker, lower electricity
Pole, wherein only waveguide core layer is polymer as electro-optical material (see Fig. 4), the operating voltage U being added on upper/lower electrode can cause core
The variations in refractive index of layer electrooptical material, and the dielectric layer of other non-electrooptical materials, refractive index do not change with operating voltage.Channel
The structure of waveguide is from top to bottom successively are as follows: upper buffer layer, waveguide core layer, bottom breaker (see Fig. 5).
When in column unit in micro-loop without external working voltage when, from main channel input port input different wave length signal light
Constantly it is coupled into first micro-loop of first array element, in this coupling process, the letter of only one specific wavelength
Number light meets micro-ring resonant condition, and resonance occurs in micro-loop, this resonance signal enters first by vertical channel couples
Second micro-loop of a array element, occurs resonance again, by the output of first horizontal channel (channel below main channel)
Port output, output light is maximum with the output power of this resonance wavelength, and the output power of other horizontal channel ports is
Minimum, so as to complete filter function.
When having external working voltage in micro-loop in current i column unit, the refractive index of sandwich layer electrooptical material changes.If
β0The mode propagation constant of micro-loop, β when not apply external voltageU=β0+ Δ β is that the mode propagation of micro-loop when applying external voltage is normal
Number, Δ β are the variable quantity of the mode propagation constant as caused by electrooptical material refractive index when applying external voltage.Light transmits in micro-loop
When, the 2 π R π of β=2 m of Resonance Equation need to be met.Under external working voltage, mode propagation constant changes, so as to cause resonance item
Part changes, according to above-mentioned micro-ring resonant principle it is found that Output optical power will be redistributed, when operating voltage U takes suitably
When value, the Output optical power of i+1 horizontal channel can be made maximum, and the Output optical power of other horizontal channel corresponding ports
For minimum, corresponding operating voltage U is defined as switching voltage U at this times.The Output optical power of resonance wavelength signal light is most in channel
It is known as " ON " state when big, is known as " OFF " state in channel when the Output optical power minimum of resonance wavelength signal light.Change i from 1 to N
Value, switching voltage U is successively applied to micro-loop in preceding i column units, just can complete " ON " state and " OFF " of N+1 horizontal channel
State realizes the switching function of each horizontal channel.
9 × 8 channel, 16 micro-loop array structure, resonance wavelength 1550nm, metal electrode refractive index are used in the present embodiment
0.19, body extinction coefficient 6.1, upper bottom breaker refractive index 1.461, body amplitude damping factor 0.25dB/cm, core refractive rate
1.643, body amplitude damping factor 2.0dB/cm, polymer as electro-optical material AJ309, left and right covering are air.Waveguide core width 1.5
μm, 1.5 μm of waveguide core thickness, 2.0 μm of buffer layer thickness, 0.05 μm of metal electrode thickness, between micro-loop waveguide and channel waveguide
Away from 0.1 μm, 12.76 μm of micro-loop radius.
When without external working voltage, the output spectrum of each horizontal channel is shown in Fig. 6.As can be seen that in resonance wavelength
At 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 1st article of horizontal channel (CH1)1It becoming maximum, insertion loss is about 2.95dB, and other
The Output optical power of each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This explanation in the case where voltage is not added,
1st article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore the 1st article of horizontal channel realizes switch function
Energy.
In Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 8 (a), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in the 1st column micro-loop2~U8=0V, figure
U is taken in 7 (a)1U is taken in=U >=0, Fig. 8 (a)1=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (a) when operating voltage U increases, the 2nd article of water
The output power P in ordinary mail road (CH2)2Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (a) and takes operating voltage
When for 10V, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 2nd article of horizontal channel2It becomes maximum, insertion loss is about
3.30dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This explanation is such
In the case where applying voltage, the 2nd article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore the 2nd article of level
Channel realizes switching function.
In Fig. 7 (b) and Fig. 8 (b), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in preceding 2 column micro-loop3~U8=0V, figure
U is taken in 7 (b)1=U2U is taken in=U >=0, Fig. 8 (b)1=U2=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (b) when operating voltage U increases,
The output power P of 3rd article of horizontal channel (CH3)3Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (b) and takes
When operating voltage is 10V, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 3rd article of horizontal channel3It becomes maximum, is inserted into
Loss is about 3.64dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This says
It is bright in the case where such application voltage, the 3rd article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore
3 horizontal channels realize switching function.
In Fig. 7 (c) and Fig. 8 (c), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in preceding 3 column micro-loop4~U8=0V, figure
U is taken in 7 (c)1~U3U is taken in=U >=0, Fig. 8 (c)1~U3=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (c) when operating voltage U increases,
The output power P of 4th article of horizontal channel (CH4)4Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (c) and takes
When operating voltage is 10V, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 4th article of horizontal channel4It becomes maximum, is inserted into
Loss is about 3.98dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This says
It is bright in the case where such application voltage, the 4th article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore
4 horizontal channels realize switching function.
In Fig. 7 (d) and Fig. 8 (d), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in preceding 4 column micro-loop5~U8=0V, figure
U is taken in 7 (d)1~U4U is taken in=U >=0, Fig. 8 (d)1~U4=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (d) when operating voltage U increases,
The output power P of 5th article of horizontal channel (CH5)5Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (d) and takes
When operating voltage is 10V, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 5th article of horizontal channel5It becomes maximum, is inserted into
Loss is about 4.32dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This says
It is bright in the case where such application voltage, the 5th article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore
5 horizontal channels realize switching function.
In Fig. 7 (e) and Fig. 8 (e), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in preceding 5 column micro-loop6~U8=0V, figure
U is taken in 7 (e)1~U5U is taken in=U >=0, Fig. 8 (e)1~U5=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (e) when operating voltage U increases,
The output power P of 6th article of horizontal channel (CH6)6Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (e) and takes
When operating voltage is 10V, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 6th article of horizontal channel6It becomes maximum, is inserted into
Loss is about 4.67dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This says
It is bright in the case where such application voltage, the 6th article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore
6 horizontal channels realize switching function.
In Fig. 7 (f) and Fig. 8 (f), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in preceding 6 column micro-loop7~U8=0V, figure
U is taken in 7 (f)1~U6U is taken in=U >=0, Figure 84 (f)1~U6=10V.When operating voltage U increases it can be seen from Fig. 7 (f)
When, the output power P of the 7th article of horizontal channel (CH7)7Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (f)
Take operating voltage be 10V when, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 7th article of horizontal channel7It becomes maximum, inserts
Entering loss is about 5.01dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This
Illustrate in the case where such application voltage, the 7th article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore
7th article of horizontal channel realizes switching function.
In Fig. 7 (g) and Fig. 8 (g), to applying voltage, voltage U in other column micro-loops in preceding 7 column micro-loop8=0V, Fig. 7
(g) U is taken in1~U7U is taken in=U >=0, Fig. 8 (g)1~U7=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (g) when operating voltage U increases,
The output power P of 8th article of horizontal channel (CH8)8Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.Work as it can be seen from Fig. 8 (g) and takes
When operating voltage is 10V, at resonance wavelength 1550nm, the Output optical power P of the 8th article of horizontal channel8It becomes maximum, is inserted into
Loss is about 5.35dB, and the Output optical power of other each channel becomes very little, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This says
It is bright in the case where such application voltage, the 8th article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore
8 horizontal channels realize switching function.
In Fig. 7 (h) and Fig. 8 (h), to voltage is applied in all column micro-loops, U is taken in Fig. 7 (h)1~U8=U >=0, Fig. 8
(h) U is taken in1~U8=10V.It can be seen from Fig. 7 (h) when operating voltage U increases, the 9th article of horizontal channel (main channel)
Output power P9Rapidly increase and reaches saturation state.It can be seen from Fig. 8 (h) when taking operating voltage is 10V, humorous
At the long 1550nm of vibration wave, the Output optical power P of the 9th article of horizontal channel9It becoming maximum, insertion loss is about 3.49dB, and its
He becomes very little by the Output optical power of each channel, their crosstalk is both less than -20dB.This explanation is in such feelings for applying voltage
Under condition, the 9th article of horizontal channel is in " ON " state, and other channels are in " OFF " state, therefore the 9th article of horizontal channel realizes out
Close function.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of reticular structure micro-loop electro-optical switch array device, it is characterised in that: the array device is believed by N+1 item level
Road, the vertical channel of N item and 2N micro-loop are constituted, and containing there are two micro-loop in each array element, all micro-loop radiuses are all equal for R
=R1=R2=...=RN, the length L=2L of main channel1+(N-1)L3, the output port coupling adjacent thereto of i-th vertical channel
Distance L between chalaza5i=L1+(N-i)L2(R+d+w), between the output port of i-th horizontal channel Coupling point adjacent thereto
Distance L8i=L1+(N-i)L3+ (R+d+w), wherein L1For main channeling port to the distance of vertical channel adjacent thereto, L3For
The distance between neighboring vertical channel two-by-two, L2For the distance between adjacent level channel two-by-two；Electrode is only added in micro-loop, letter
Electrode is not added on road；The structure of micro-loop waveguide is from top to bottom successively are as follows: top electrode, upper buffer layer, waveguide core layer, bottom breaker,
Lower electrode, wherein only waveguide core layer is polymer as electro-optical material, the operating voltage U being added on upper/lower electrode can cause sandwich layer electric
The variations in refractive index of luminescent material, and the dielectric layer of other non-electrooptical materials, refractive index do not change with operating voltage.
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