CN110165244B - Temperature and humidity control system and temperature and humidity control method for fuel cell - Google Patents

Temperature and humidity control system and temperature and humidity control method for fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110165244B
CN110165244B CN201910411529.5A CN201910411529A CN110165244B CN 110165244 B CN110165244 B CN 110165244B CN 201910411529 A CN201910411529 A CN 201910411529A CN 110165244 B CN110165244 B CN 110165244B
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temperature
cooling medium
humidity
gas
medium
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CN110165244A (en
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汤浩
乔泽敏
李凯
高艳
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Suzhou Huachang Energy Technology Co ltd
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Suzhou Huachang Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126—Humidifying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04328—Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
    • H01M8/045—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention provides a temperature and humidity control system and a temperature and humidity control method of a fuel cell. The temperature and humidity control system is communicated with a cell stack and comprises a gas conveying main line and a humidifying branch line, wherein the humidifying branch line is provided with a return pipeline and a humidifier arranged on the return pipeline, an inlet and an outlet of the return pipeline are communicated with the gas conveying main line, the humidifying branch line also comprises a temperature control liquid storage device, the temperature control liquid storage device is respectively communicated with a humidifying medium inlet and a humidifying medium outlet of the humidifier, and cooling media and heat are respectively and independently conveyed into the temperature control liquid storage device through the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the heat source conveying pipeline to realize temperature balance of the humidifying branch line, so that the heat utilization rate is effectively improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; meanwhile, by a cold and hot water replenishing method, the humidity regulation range of the galvanic pile can be widened, and the humidity regulation precision and response rate are improved.

Description

Temperature and humidity control system and temperature and humidity control method for fuel cell
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a temperature and humidity control system and a temperature and humidity control method of a fuel cell.
Background
With the increase and unscientific use of global energy consumption, non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels are increasingly exhausted and have serious influence on the environment, so that people are urgently required to develop new energy sources such as hydrogen energy, solar energy and the like to deal with energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. The hydrogen energy source is rich, the conversion can be carried out efficiently, no emission pollution is caused in the using process, and the hydrogen energy carrier has important prospects in the fields of industry, traffic and the like as a carrier of secondary energy.
A hydrogen fuel cell is an energy conversion device that provides electrochemical reaction sites for hydrogen and oxygen. Unlike chemical energy storage cells, the storage of the reaction medium (hydrogen and air/oxygen) in hydrogen fuel cells is independent of the reaction site (stack), and during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cells, the reaction medium requires a continuous supply of specific delivery devices/components to the stack. An anode flow field and a cathode flow field are designed in the electric pile to respectively provide flow channels for hydrogen and air/oxygen, and a membrane electrode (mainly composed of a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst, a porous medium and the like) for reaction is also arranged. In the reaction process, hydrogen is sent to the anode side of an anode plate or a bipolar plate of the pile (a hydrogen supply flow channel is designed on the anode plate or a hydrogen supply flow channel is designed on the anode side of the bipolar plate), reaches the anode side of the membrane electrode, one electron in the hydrogen atom is separated out under the action of a catalyst, hydrogen ions (protons) losing the electrons pass through the proton exchange membrane and reach the cathode side of the membrane electrode, the electrons cannot pass through the proton exchange membrane and only can pass through an external circuit to reach the cathode side of the membrane electrode, and the process generates current in the external circuit. The protons and electrons combine with oxygen (or oxygen in air) that passes through the cathode plate flow field (air/oxygen flow channels designed on the cathode plate or air/oxygen flow channels designed on the anode side of the bipolar plate) to the cathode side of the membrane electrode to form water. When the reaction is carried out, the chemical energy of the reaction medium is converted into electric energy, and meanwhile, heat energy is also generated, most of the heat energy needs to be discharged out of the galvanic pile through the cooling medium in time, and the heat energy is transferred or consumed by utilizing a cooling device outside the galvanic pile. The product of the galvanic pile reaction is pure water, one part of the product is used for wetting membrane materials in the galvanic pile, and the other part of the product is taken out of the galvanic pile by reaction tail gas (unreacted anode tail gas and cathode tail gas). The electricity generated by the fuel cell can be utilized in a targeted manner through devices such as an inverter and a controller.
In order to ensure the smooth reaction of the fuel cell, besides the conditions of continuous reaction medium supply, balanced output of electric energy and heat energy, etc., the reaction site also needs to ensure the existence of a certain amount of water, so as to make the proton exchange membrane in a certain hydration state, because the conduction capacity of protons is related to the water content of the proton exchange membrane, the water content is too low, the conduction capacity of protons is weak, and the water content is too high, which can cause membrane electrode flooding, and leads to gas diffusion or transmission channel water blockage connected with the membrane electrode. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure a good water balance relationship.
The invention provides a temperature and humidity control system and a temperature and humidity control method for a fuel cell, which are used for solving the problems of low system performance, poor stability and the like caused by over-drying or flooding of the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a temperature and humidity control system and a temperature and humidity control method of a fuel cell, so as to solve the problems of low humidity control accuracy, long response time and poor stability of the fuel cell in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a temperature and humidity control system of a fuel cell, in communication with a cell stack, including: the gas conveying main line is communicated with the cooling medium conveying pipeline cell stack and is used for conveying fuel gas or oxidizing gas to the cooling medium conveying pipeline cell stack; the humidifying branch is provided with a return pipeline and a humidifier arranged on the return pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, an inlet and an outlet of the return pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline are communicated with a gas conveying main line of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the humidifier of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is provided with a gas inlet, a humidifying medium inlet, a gas outlet and a humidifying medium outlet, the humidifying branch of the cooling medium conveying pipeline also comprises a temperature control liquid storage device, and the temperature control liquid storage device of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is respectively communicated with the humidifying medium inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the humidifying medium outlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline; the cooling medium conveying pipeline is communicated with the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device and is used for conveying cooling medium into the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device; and the heat source conveying pipeline is communicated with the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device and is used for conveying heat into the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device.
Further, cooling medium pipeline atmospheric control system still includes: a cooling medium storage tank which is communicated with the cooling medium conveying pipeline through a cooling medium conveying pipeline; and the cooling medium regulating valve is arranged on the cooling medium conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and used for regulating the flow of the cooling medium conveying pipeline conveyed into the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device.
Further, the cooling medium conveying pipeline cell stack is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, and the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature and humidity control system further comprises: the cooling medium circulating pipeline is respectively communicated with the cooling medium inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the cooling medium outlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline; and the heat source regulating valve is arranged on the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and is used for regulating the heat quantity of the cooling medium conveying pipeline conveyed into the temperature-controlled liquid storage device of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
Further, cooling medium pipeline atmospheric control system still includes: the circulating medium storage box is provided with a circulating medium inlet and a circulating medium outlet, the cooling medium conveying pipeline circulating medium inlet is communicated with the cooling medium outlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, and the cooling medium conveying pipeline circulating medium outlet is respectively communicated with the cooling medium inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline; and the cooling medium conveying pipeline cooling component is respectively communicated with the circulating medium outlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the cooling medium inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
Further, the circulating medium storage tank of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is provided with a medium supplement inlet, and the temperature and humidity control system of the cooling medium conveying pipeline further comprises: the cooling medium storage box is respectively communicated with the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the cooling medium supplementing inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline; and the supplementary medium regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline of the cooling medium storage tank of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the medium supplementary inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
Furthermore, the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature and humidity control system also comprises a gas humidity detector, wherein the cooling medium conveying pipeline gas humidity detector is arranged on the cooling medium conveying pipeline gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the cooling medium conveying pipeline humidifying branch.
Furthermore, the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature and humidity control system also comprises a master controller, wherein the cooling medium conveying pipeline master controller is respectively electrically connected with the cooling medium regulating valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the gas humidity detector of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and is used for regulating the cooling medium regulating valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline according to the gas humidity detector of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
Further, the cooling medium conveying line humidifying branch also comprises: the humidifying medium circulating pipeline is respectively communicated with a humidifying medium inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and a humidifying medium outlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, and the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device is arranged on the cooling medium conveying pipeline humidifying medium circulating pipeline; and the humidifying medium temperature detector is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and is positioned at the downstream of the temperature control liquid storage device of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
Further, the atmospheric control system still includes the atmospheric control subassembly, and the atmospheric control subassembly includes: the humidifying medium heater is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline; and/or a humidifying medium condenser, which is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline.
Further, the atmospheric control system still includes the atmospheric control subassembly, and the atmospheric control subassembly includes: the gas heater is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the humidifying branch; and/or a gas condenser, which is arranged on the gas transmission main line and is positioned at the downstream of the humidifying branch.
Further, the atmospheric control system still includes: the gas temperature detector is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly; and the gas humidity detector is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a temperature and humidity control method for a fuel cell, in which the temperature and humidity control system is adopted, a cooling medium conveying pipeline is communicated with a cell stack, and the temperature and humidity control system for the cooling medium conveying pipeline is provided with a gas conveying main line, a humidification branch, a cooling medium conveying pipeline and a heat source conveying pipeline, the cooling medium conveying pipeline humidification branch has a return pipeline, a humidifier and a temperature control liquid storage device, and the cooling medium conveying pipeline method includes the following steps: simultaneously introducing reaction gas into a gas conveying main line of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and a return pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, wherein the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is fuel gas or oxidizing gas; the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline in the cooling medium conveying pipeline backflow pipeline is humidified by adopting a cooling medium conveying pipeline humidifier, cooling medium is conveyed to a cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device through a cooling medium conveying pipeline, or heat is conveyed to the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature control liquid storage device through a cooling medium conveying pipeline heat source conveying pipeline, and the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline entering the cooling medium conveying pipeline cell stack are adjusted according to the flow of the cooling medium conveying pipeline or the heat of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
Further, the temperature and humidity control system of the cooling medium conveying pipeline also comprises a cooling medium storage box and a cooling medium adjusting valve, the cooling medium storage box of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is communicated with the cooling medium conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the cooling medium adjusting valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is arranged on the cooling medium conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, and the method of the cooling medium conveying pipeline comprises the following steps: when the humidity of the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is higher than the operation humidity set range of the temperature and humidity control system of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the flow of the cooling medium conveying pipeline in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is increased by using the cooling medium regulating valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline so as to reduce the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline; when the humidity of the reaction gas in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is lower than the set operating humidity range of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, reducing the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline by using the cooling medium conveying pipeline cooling medium regulating valve so as to improve the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas in the cooling medium conveying pipeline; and when the humidity of the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline meets the set operating humidity range of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the flow of the cooling medium conveying pipeline in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is kept.
Further, the cooling medium conveying pipeline cell stack is provided with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the cooling medium conveying pipeline temperature and humidity control system further comprises a cooling medium circulation pipeline and a heat source regulating valve, the cooling medium circulation pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is respectively communicated with the cooling medium inlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the cooling medium outlet of the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the heat source regulating valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is arranged on the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, and the method of the cooling medium conveying pipeline comprises the following steps: when the humidity of the reaction gas in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is lower than the operation humidity set range of the temperature and humidity control system of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, the heat of the cooling medium conveying pipeline in the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline is increased by using the heat source regulating valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, so that the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas in the cooling medium conveying pipeline are increased; when the humidity of the reaction gas in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is higher than the set operating humidity range of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, reducing the heat of the cooling medium conveying pipeline in the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline by using the heat source regulating valve of the cooling medium conveying pipeline so as to reduce the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas in the cooling medium conveying pipeline; and when the humidity of the reaction gas of the cooling medium conveying pipeline meets the set operating humidity range of the cooling medium conveying pipeline, keeping the heat of the cooling medium conveying pipeline in the heat source conveying pipeline of the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
The technical scheme of the invention is applied, the temperature and humidity control system of the fuel cell is provided, the temperature and humidity control system comprises a gas conveying main line and a humidifying branch line, the humidifying branch line is provided with a return pipeline and a humidifier arranged on the return pipeline, an inlet and an outlet of the return pipeline are both communicated with the gas conveying main line, the humidifying branch line also comprises a temperature control liquid storage device, the temperature control liquid storage device is respectively communicated with a humidifying medium inlet and a humidifying medium outlet of the humidifier, and cooling medium and heat are respectively and independently conveyed into the temperature control liquid storage device through the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the heat source conveying pipeline to realize temperature balance of the humidifying branch line, so that the heat utilization rate is effectively improved, and the energy consumption; meanwhile, by a cold and hot water replenishing method, the humidity regulation range of the galvanic pile can be widened, and the humidity regulation precision and response rate are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection structure of a temperature and humidity control system of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. a source of fuel gas; 101. a first flow controller; 102. a second flow controller; 103. a third flow controller; 104. a fourth flow controller; 11. a cell stack; 111. a first on-off valve; 112. a second on-off valve; 113. a third on-off valve; 114. a fourth switching valve; 12. a load; 121. a first gas temperature detector; 122. a second gas temperature detector; 123. a first humidification medium temperature detector; 124. a second humidification medium temperature detector; 131. a first moisture detector; 132. a second moisture detector; 141. a supplemental media regulating valve; 142. a first cooling medium regulating valve; 143. a second cooling medium adjusting valve; 144. a circulating medium regulating valve; 145. a first heat source regulating valve; 146. a second heat source regulating valve; 2. a source of oxidizing gas; 21. a first humidifier; 22. a first delivery pump; 23. a first heater; 24. a first condenser; 25. a second heater; 26. a second condenser; 27. a first temperature-controlled reservoir; 3. anode tail gas; 31. a second humidifier; 32. a second delivery pump; 33. a third heater; 34. a third condenser; 35. a fourth heater; 36. a fourth condenser; 37. a second temperature-controlled reservoir; 4. cathode tail gas; 41. a circulating medium storage tank; 42. a first coolant pump; 43. a coolant heater; 44. a coolant radiator; 45. a cooling medium storage tank; 46. a secondary coolant pump.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances in order to facilitate the description of the embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
As introduced in the background art, the problems of low humidity control accuracy, long response time, poor stability, etc. commonly exist in the testing process of the current fuel cell. The inventor of the present invention has made a study in view of the above problems, and proposes a temperature and humidity control system for a fuel cell, which is communicated with a cell stack and includes a gas delivery main line, a humidification branch, a cooling medium delivery line, and a heat source delivery line, wherein the gas delivery main line is communicated with the cell stack and is used for delivering fuel gas or oxidizing gas to the cell stack; the humidifying branch is provided with a return pipeline and a humidifier arranged on the return pipeline, an inlet and an outlet of the return pipeline are both communicated with the gas conveying main line, the humidifier is provided with a gas inlet, a humidifying medium inlet, a gas outlet and a humidifying medium outlet, and the humidifying branch further comprises a temperature control liquid storage device which is respectively communicated with the humidifying medium inlet and the humidifying medium outlet; the cooling medium conveying pipeline is communicated with the temperature control liquid storage device and is used for conveying cooling medium into the temperature control liquid storage device; and the heat source conveying pipeline is communicated with the temperature control liquid storage device and is used for conveying heat into the temperature control liquid storage device.
According to the invention, the cooling medium conveying pipeline and the heat source conveying pipeline respectively and independently convey the cooling medium and the heat to the temperature control liquid storage device so as to realize temperature balance of the humidification branch, thus the heat utilization rate is effectively improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; meanwhile, by a cold and hot water replenishing method, the humidity regulation range of the galvanic pile can be widened, and the humidity regulation precision and response rate are improved.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity control system of the present invention further includes a cooling medium storage tank and a cooling medium regulating valve, the cooling medium storage tank is communicated with the cooling medium delivery line; and the cooling medium regulating valve is arranged on the cooling medium conveying pipeline and is used for regulating the flow of the cooling medium conveyed to the temperature control liquid storage device.
Taking the gas delivery main line as an example of a fuel gas delivery line, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas delivery line is respectively communicated with a fuel gas source 1 and the anode of the cell stack 11, the humidifying branch is provided with a first return pipeline and a first humidifier 21 arranged on the first return pipeline, the inlet and the outlet of the first return pipeline are both communicated with a fuel gas conveying pipeline, the humidification branch further comprises a first temperature-controlled reservoir 27, the first temperature-controlled reservoir 27 is communicated with the humidification medium inlet and the humidification medium outlet of the first humidifier 21, and at this time, the first temperature-controlled reservoir 27 is communicated with the cooling medium storage tank 45 through a cooling medium delivery line, a first cooling medium regulating valve 142 is provided on the cooling medium delivery line for regulating the flow rate of the cooling medium into the first temperature-controlled reservoir 27, so as to regulate the temperature and humidity of the fuel gas entering the cell stack according to the flow of the cooling medium.
Taking the above-mentioned gas delivery main line as an oxidizing gas delivery line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the oxidizing gas delivery line is respectively communicated with the oxidizing gas source 2 and the cathode of the cell stack 11, the humidifying branch is provided with a second return pipeline and a second humidifier 31 arranged on the second return pipeline, the inlet and the outlet of the second return pipeline are both communicated with the oxidizing gas conveying pipeline, the humidification branch further comprises a second temperature-controlled reservoir 37, the second temperature-controlled reservoir 37 is communicated with the humidification medium inlet and the humidification medium outlet of the second humidifier 31, and at this time, the second temperature-controlled reservoir 37 is communicated with the cooling medium storage tank 45 through a cooling medium delivery line, a second cooling medium regulating valve 143 is provided on the cooling medium delivery line for regulating the flow rate of the cooling medium entering the second temperature-controlled reservoir 37, so as to regulate the temperature and humidity of the oxidizing gas entering the cell stack according to the flow rate of the cooling medium.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity control system of the present invention further includes a gas humidity detector and a master controller, wherein the gas humidity detector is disposed on the gas transmission main line, is located at the downstream of the humidification branch, and is configured to detect the stack entering humidity; the master controller is respectively electrically connected with the cooling medium regulating valve and the gas humidity detector and is used for regulating the cooling medium regulating valve according to the gas humidity detector.
Taking the gas transmission main line as a fuel gas transmission line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas transmission line is communicated with the anode of the cell stack 11, the temperature and humidity control system includes a first humidity detector 131 and a master controller, the first humidity detector 131 is disposed on the fuel gas transmission line and is located at the downstream of the humidification branch, the first temperature control liquid storage tank 27 in the humidification branch is communicated with the cooling medium storage tank 45 through a cooling medium transmission line, and the first cooling medium regulating valve 142 is disposed on the cooling medium transmission line; at this time, the general controller is electrically connected to the first humidity detector 131 and the first cooling medium adjusting valve 142, and is configured to adjust the first cooling medium adjusting valve 142 according to the first humidity detector 131, so as to control the temperature and humidity of the fuel gas stack.
Taking the gas conveying main line as an oxidizing gas conveying line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the oxidizing gas conveying line is communicated with the cathode of the cell stack 11, the temperature and humidity control system includes a second humidity detector 132 and a master controller, the second humidity detector 132 is disposed on the oxidizing gas conveying line and is located downstream of the humidification branch, the second temperature control reservoir 37 in the humidification branch is communicated with the cooling medium storage tank 45 through a cooling medium conveying line, and the second cooling medium regulating valve 143 is disposed on the cooling medium conveying line; at this time, the general controller is electrically connected to the second humidity detector 132 and the second cooling medium adjusting valve 143, and is configured to adjust the second cooling medium adjusting valve 143 according to the second humidity detector 132, so as to control the temperature and humidity of the oxidizing gas inlet stack.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity control system of the present invention further includes a cooling medium circulation line and a heat source regulating valve, the cell stack has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, and the cooling medium circulation line is respectively communicated with the cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium outlet and the heat source delivery line; the heat source regulating valve is arranged on the heat source conveying pipeline and used for regulating the size of heat conveyed to the temperature control liquid storage device.
Taking the gas conveying main line as a fuel gas conveying line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas conveying line is communicated with the anode of the cell stack 11, the humidification branch line includes a first return line, a first humidifier 21 and a first temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 27, the first temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 27 is communicated with the humidification medium inlet and the humidification medium outlet of the first humidifier 21, at this time, the cooling medium circulation line is communicated with the cooling medium inlet and the cooling medium outlet of the cell stack 11, a cooling medium is circulated in the cooling medium circulation line for taking away heat generated by reaction in the cell stack, the first temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 27 is communicated with the cooling medium circulation line through a heat source conveying line, the heat taken away by the cooling medium enters the first temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 27 through the cooling medium circulation line and a heat source conveying line for supplying heat, a first heat source regulating valve 145 is disposed on the heat source conveying line, and is used for adjusting the size of the heat source entering the first temperature controlled liquid storage tank 27, so as to adjust the temperature and humidity of the fuel gas entering the cell stack according to the size of the heat.
Taking the gas conveying main line as an oxidation gas conveying line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the oxidation gas conveying line is communicated with the anode of the cell stack 11, the humidification branch line includes a second return line, a second humidifier 31 and a second temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 37, the second temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 37 is communicated with a humidification medium inlet and a humidification medium outlet of the second humidifier 31, at this time, the cooling medium circulation line is communicated with a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet of the cell stack 11, a cooling medium is circulated in the cooling medium circulation line for taking away heat generated by reaction in the cell stack, the second temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 37 is communicated with the cooling medium circulation line through a heat source conveying line, the heat taken away by the cooling medium enters the second temperature-controlled liquid storage tank 37 through the cooling medium circulation line and the heat source conveying line to realize heat supply, a second heat source regulating valve 146 is disposed on the heat source conveying line, and is used to regulate the amount of heat that enters the second temperature controlled reservoir 37 and thereby regulate the temperature and humidity of the oxidizing gas entering the stack based on the amount of heat.
More preferably, the temperature and humidity control system of the present invention further includes a circulating medium storage tank and a heat dissipation assembly, the circulating medium storage tank has a circulating medium inlet and a circulating medium outlet, the circulating medium inlet is communicated with the cooling medium outlet, and the circulating medium outlet is respectively communicated with the cooling medium inlet and the heat source delivery line; and the heat dissipation assembly is respectively communicated with the circulating medium outlet and the cooling medium inlet.
The cooling medium in the circulating medium storage box circulates to the cell stack to carry out heat and raise the temperature, and the raised cooling medium is cooled and recycled to the cell stack after passing through the heat dissipation assembly. The heat dissipation assembly may include a coolant heater and a coolant radiator, and the coolant circulation line may further include a first coolant pump and a circulation medium regulating valve for regulating a flow rate of the coolant entering the stack.
Further preferably, the temperature and humidity control system of the present invention further includes a cooling medium storage tank and a supplementary medium regulating valve, the cooling medium storage tank is respectively communicated with the cooling medium delivery line and the medium supplementary inlet; the supplementary medium regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline of the cooling medium storage tank communicated with the medium supplementary inlet and is used for controlling the supplement of the cooling medium to the circulating medium storage tank.
As shown in fig. 1, a circulating medium storage tank 41, a cooling liquid heater 43 and a cooling liquid radiator 44 are disposed on the cooling medium circulation line, a cooling medium storage tank 45 is communicated with the circulating medium storage tank 41 under the control of a supplementary medium regulating valve 141 for supplementing a cooling medium into the circulating medium storage tank 41, the cooling medium with heat passing through the cell stack 11 is cooled by the first cooling liquid pump 42 through the cooling liquid heater 43 and the cooling liquid radiator 44, and a circulating medium regulating valve 144 is further disposed on the cooling medium circulation line for regulating the flow rate of the cooling medium entering the cell stack.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity control system of the present invention further includes a gas humidity detector and a master controller, wherein the gas humidity detector is disposed on the gas transmission main line, is located at the downstream of the humidification branch, and is configured to detect the stack entering humidity; the master controller is respectively electrically connected with the heat source regulating valve and the gas humidity detector and is used for regulating the heat source regulating valve according to the humidifying medium temperature detector.
Taking the gas transmission main line as an example of a fuel gas transmission line, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas transmission line is communicated with the anode of the cell stack 11, the temperature and humidity control system includes a first humidity detector 131 and a master controller, the first humidity detector 131 is disposed on the fuel gas transmission line and is located at the downstream of the humidification branch, the first temperature control liquid storage tank 27 in the humidification branch is communicated with the cooling medium circulation line through a heat source transmission line, and the first heat source regulating valve 145 is disposed on the heat source transmission line; at this time, the general controller is electrically connected to the first humidity detector 131 and the first heat source regulating valve 145 respectively, and is configured to regulate the first heat source regulating valve 145 according to the first humidity detector 131, so as to control the temperature and humidity of the fuel gas stack.
Taking the gas conveying main line as an oxidizing gas conveying line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the oxidizing gas conveying line is communicated with the cathode of the cell stack 11, the temperature and humidity control system includes a second humidity detector 132 and a master controller, the second humidity detector 132 is disposed on the oxidizing gas conveying line and is located at the downstream of the humidification branch, the second temperature control reservoir 37 in the humidification branch is communicated with the cooling medium circulation line through a heat source conveying line, and the second heat source regulating valve 146 is disposed on the heat source conveying line; at this time, the general controller is electrically connected to the second humidity detector 132 and the second heat source regulating valve 146 respectively, and is configured to regulate the second heat source regulating valve 146 according to the second humidity detector 132, so as to control the temperature and humidity of the oxidizing gas inlet stack.
The temperature and humidity control system of the invention can also comprise a main path flow controller and a branch path flow controller, wherein the main path flow controller is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the upstream of the humidifying branch path; the branch flow controller is arranged on the humidifying branch and is positioned at the upstream of the humidifier.
Taking the gas transmission main line as an example of a fuel gas transmission line, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel gas transmission line is communicated with an anode of the cell stack 11, the humidification branch line has a first return line and a first humidifier 21 disposed on the first return line, an inlet and an outlet of the first return line are both communicated with the fuel gas transmission line, at this time, the temperature and humidity control system further includes a first flow controller 101 and a second flow controller 102, the first flow controller 101 is disposed on the fuel gas transmission line and is located at an upstream of the fuel gas humidification branch line; the second flow controller 102 is disposed on the first return line and upstream of the first humidifier 21.
A first switching valve 111 may be further provided in the fuel gas delivery line downstream of the first flow controller 101 to control the flow of the fuel gas regulated by the first flow controller 101 to the cell stack 11. A second on-off valve 112 may also be provided on the first return line downstream of the second flow controller 102 to control the flow of the fuel gas regulated by the second flow controller 102 to the stack 11.
Taking the gas transmission main line as an example of an oxidation gas transmission line, as shown in fig. 1, the oxidation gas transmission line is communicated with the cathode of the cell stack 11, the humidification branch line has a second return line and a second humidifier 31 disposed on the second return line, and an inlet and an outlet of the second return line are both communicated with the oxidation gas transmission line, in this case, the temperature and humidity control system further includes a third flow controller 103 and a fourth flow controller 104, and the third flow controller 103 is disposed on the oxidation gas transmission line and is located upstream of the oxidation gas humidification branch line; a fourth flow controller 104 is arranged in the second return line upstream of the second humidifier 31.
A third on/off valve 113 may be further provided on the oxidizing gas delivery line downstream of the third flow controller 103 to control the flow of the oxidizing gas regulated by the third flow controller 103 to the cell stack 11. A fourth switching valve 114 may be provided in the second return line downstream of the fourth flow controller 104 to control the flow of the oxidizing gas, which is regulated by the fourth flow controller 104, to the stack 11.
The temperature and humidity control system of the invention may further include a temperature and humidity control assembly, which is disposed on the gas delivery main line downstream of the humidification branch, or on the humidification branch, and is configured to adjust the temperature and humidity of the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas.
The humidifier is provided with a gas inlet, a humidifying medium inlet, a gas outlet and a humidifying medium outlet, the humidifying branch also comprises a humidifying medium circulating pipeline, and the humidifying medium circulating pipeline is respectively communicated with the humidifying medium inlet and the humidifying medium outlet.
Taking the gas conveying main line as a fuel gas conveying pipeline as an example, the temperature and humidity control assembly is arranged on the fuel gas conveying pipeline, is positioned at the downstream of the humidifying branch and is used for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of the fuel gas; as shown in fig. 1, the first humidifier 21 in the humidification branch has a fuel gas inlet, a first humidification medium inlet, a fuel gas outlet, and a first humidification medium outlet, and the fuel gas humidification branch further includes a first circulation line respectively communicating with the first humidification medium inlet and the first humidification medium outlet, at this time, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a first transfer pump 22, a first heater 23, a first condenser 24 and a first humidification medium temperature detector 123, the first heater 23 and the first condenser 24 are both disposed on a first humidification medium circulation line, the first transfer pump 22 is disposed on the first humidification medium circulation line upstream of the first heater 23 and the first condenser 24, and the first humidification medium temperature detector 123 is disposed on the first humidification medium circulation line downstream of the first heater 23 and the first condenser 24.
Taking the gas conveying main line as an oxidizing gas conveying pipeline as an example, the temperature and humidity control assembly is arranged on the oxidizing gas conveying pipeline and is positioned at the downstream of the humidifying branch for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of the oxidizing gas; as shown in fig. 1, the second humidifier 31 in the humidification branch has an oxidizing gas inlet, a second humidification medium inlet, an oxidizing gas outlet, and a second humidification medium outlet, and the oxidizing gas humidification branch further includes a second circulation line respectively communicating with the second humidification medium inlet and the second humidification medium outlet, at this time, the temperature and humidity control unit includes a second transfer pump 32, a third heater 33, a third condenser 34, and a second humidification medium temperature detector 124, the third heater 33 and the third condenser 34 are disposed on a second humidification medium circulation line, the second transfer pump 32 is disposed on the second humidification medium circulation line upstream of the third heater 33 and the third condenser 34, and the second humidification medium temperature detector 124 is disposed on the second humidification medium circulation line downstream of the third heater 33 and the third condenser 34.
Preferably, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a gas heater and a gas condenser, and the gas heater and the gas condenser are both disposed on the gas delivery main line and located downstream of the humidification branch. The gas heater and the gas condenser are used for heating and cooling the fuel gas or the oxidizing gas in the gas delivery main line, respectively.
Taking the gas transmission main line as a fuel gas transmission line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a second heater 25 and a second condenser 26, and both the second heater 25 and the second condenser 26 are disposed on the fuel gas transmission line and located downstream of the first humidification unit.
Taking the gas conveying main line as an oxidation gas conveying pipeline as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a fourth heater 35 and a fourth condenser 36, and the fourth heater 35 and the fourth condenser 36 are both disposed on the oxidation gas conveying pipeline and are located downstream of the second humidification unit
In order to monitor the temperature and humidity control assembly, preferably, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a gas temperature detector, a gas humidity detector and a master controller, and the gas temperature detector and the gas humidity detector are both arranged on the gas delivery main line and located at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly; the master controller is respectively electrically connected with the temperature and humidity control assembly, the gas temperature detector and the gas humidity detector and is used for adjusting the temperature and humidity control assembly according to the gas temperature detector and the gas humidity detector.
Taking the gas transmission main line as a fuel gas transmission pipeline as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a first gas temperature detector 121 and a first humidity detector 131, and both the first gas temperature detector 121 and the first humidity detector 131 are disposed on the fuel gas transmission pipeline and located at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly; at this time, the above general controller is electrically connected to the temperature and humidity control assembly, the first gas temperature detector 121 and the first humidity detector 131 respectively, and is configured to adjust the temperature and humidity control assembly according to the gas temperature detector and the gas humidity detector.
Taking the gas transmission main line as an oxidation gas transmission line as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature and humidity control assembly includes a second gas temperature detector 122 and a second humidity detector 132, and both the second gas temperature detector 122 and the second gas temperature detector 132 are disposed on the oxidation gas transmission line and located at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly; at this time, the general controller is electrically connected to the temperature and humidity control assembly, the second gas temperature detector 122 and the second humidity detector 132, respectively, and is configured to adjust the temperature and humidity control assembly according to the gas temperature detector and the gas humidity detector.
The temperature and humidity control system of the present invention is connected to the cell stack 11, the cell stack 11 is electrically connected to the load 12, and the second coolant pump 46, the temperature detector for the coolant entering the cell stack, and the temperature detector for the coolant exiting the cell stack are further disposed on the coolant circulation line, as shown in fig. 1. The fuel gas and the oxidizing gas entering the cell stack 11 react to generate electricity, water and heat, the electricity is used for consumption of the load 12, part of the water is reserved in a wet proton exchange membrane inside the cell stack 11, part of the water is discharged along with the anode tail gas 3 and the cathode tail gas 4, the heat is taken out of the cell stack by a cooling medium and then is conveyed by a cooling liquid pump to enter the cell stack 11 to complete primary circulation after temperature balance is completed through a cooling liquid heater 43 and a cooling liquid radiator 44, and a cooling loop is provided with a cooling liquid tank for liquid supplement and pressure buffering.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a temperature and humidity control method for a fuel cell, which employs the temperature and humidity control system described above, the method includes the following steps: simultaneously introducing reaction gas into the gas conveying main line and the reflux pipeline, wherein the reaction gas is fuel gas or oxidizing gas; and humidifying the reaction gas in the return pipeline by using a humidifier, conveying a cooling medium to the temperature control liquid storage device through a cooling medium conveying pipeline, or conveying heat to the temperature control liquid storage device through a heat source conveying pipeline, and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas entering the cell stack according to the flow or heat of the cooling medium.
In a preferred embodiment, the method for regulating the temperature and humidity of the inlet gas comprises the following steps: when the humidity of the reaction gas is higher than the set operating humidity range of the temperature and humidity control system, the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is increased by using the cooling medium adjusting valve so as to reduce the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas; when the humidity of the reaction gas is lower than the set operating humidity range, reducing the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline by using the cooling medium regulating valve so as to improve the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas; and when the humidity of the reaction gas meets the set operation humidity range, the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is maintained.
The temperature and humidity control method of the invention can adopt a temperature and humidity control system as shown in fig. 1, and directly regulate the temperature of the humidified fuel gas by adjusting the flow of the cold water entering the tank from the first temperature control liquid storage tank 27 by taking the first humidity detector 131 and the first humidified medium temperature detector 123 as criteria, thereby indirectly controlling the stack entering humidity of the fuel gas. When the system is in operation, the master controller receives operation parameters such as system temperature, pressure and humidity, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is greater than the upper limit of a set value, the flow rate of the inlet-tank cooling water is increased by adjusting the first cooling medium adjusting valve 142, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is reduced, the humidification quantity is reduced, the humidity is reduced, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is less than the lower limit of the set value and a shutdown signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended; the master controller receives operation parameters such as system temperature, pressure and humidity, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is smaller than the set lower limit, the flow rate of the inlet cooling water is reduced by adjusting the first cooling medium adjusting valve 142, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is increased, the humidification amount is increased, the humidity is increased, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is larger than the set upper limit, and a stop signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended.
The temperature and humidity control method of the present invention may adopt a temperature and humidity control system as shown in fig. 1, and directly adjust the temperature of the humidified oxidizing gas water by adjusting the flow rate of the cooling water entering the tank from the second temperature control reservoir 37 by using the second humidity detector 132 and the second humidified medium temperature detector 124 as criteria, so as to indirectly control the stack entering humidity of the oxidizing gas. When the system is in operation, the master controller receives operation parameters such as system temperature, pressure and humidity, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is greater than the upper limit of a set value, the flow rate of the inlet-tank cooling water is increased by adjusting the second cooling medium adjusting valve 143, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is reduced, the humidification quantity is reduced, the humidity is reduced, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is less than the lower limit of the set value, and a shutdown signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended; the master controller receives operation parameters such as system temperature, pressure and humidity, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is smaller than the set lower limit, the flow rate of the cooling water entering the tank is reduced by adjusting the second cooling medium adjusting valve 143, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is increased, the humidification amount is increased, the humidity is increased, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is larger than the set upper limit, and the stop signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended.
In another preferred embodiment, the method for regulating the temperature and humidity of the inlet gas comprises the following steps: when the humidity of the reaction gas is lower than the set operating humidity range of the temperature and humidity control system, the heat in the heat source conveying pipeline is increased by using the heat source adjusting valve so as to improve the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas; when the humidity of the reaction gas is higher than the set operating humidity range, reducing the heat in a heat source conveying pipeline by using a heat source regulating valve so as to reduce the temperature and the humidity of the reaction gas; and when the humidity of the reaction gas meets the set operating humidity range, keeping the heat quantity in the heat source conveying pipeline.
The temperature and humidity control method of the present invention may adopt a temperature and humidity control system as shown in fig. 1, and directly regulate the temperature of the humidified fuel gas detected by the first humidified medium temperature detector 123 by adjusting the flow rate of the hot water entering the tank from the first temperature control reservoir 27 using the detected humidity of the first humidity detector 131 and the detected temperature of the first humidified medium temperature detector 123 as criteria, so as to indirectly control the stack entering humidity of the fuel gas. When the system is in operation, the master controller receives operation parameters such as temperature, pressure and humidity of the system, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is larger than the upper limit of a set value, the flow of hot water entering the tank is reduced by adjusting the first heat source adjusting valve 145, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is reduced, the humidification quantity is reduced, the humidity is reduced, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is smaller than the lower limit of the set value and a stop signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended; the master controller receives operation parameters such as system temperature, pressure and humidity, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is smaller than the set lower limit, the flow of the hot water entering the tank is increased by adjusting the first heat source adjusting valve 145, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is increased, the humidification quantity is increased, the humidity is increased, when the humidity of the first humidity detector 131 is larger than the set upper limit, and a stop signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended.
The temperature and humidity control method of the present invention may adopt a temperature and humidity control system as shown in fig. 1, and directly adjust the temperature of the humidified oxidizing gas water by adjusting the flow rate of the hot water entering the tank from the second temperature control reservoir 37 by using the second humidity detector 132 and the second humidified medium temperature detector 124 as criteria, so as to indirectly control the stack-entering humidity of the oxidizing gas. When the system is in operation, the master controller receives operation parameters such as temperature, pressure and humidity of the system, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is greater than the upper limit of the set value, the flow of the hot water entering the tank is reduced by adjusting the second heat source adjusting valve 146, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is reduced, the humidification quantity is reduced, the humidity is reduced, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is less than the lower limit of the set value, and a shutdown signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended; the master controller receives operation parameters such as system temperature, pressure and humidity, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is smaller than the lower limit of the set value, the flow of the hot water entering the tank is increased by adjusting the second heat source adjusting valve 146, the temperature of the circulating humidification medium is increased, the humidification quantity is increased, the humidity is increased, when the humidity of the second humidity detector 132 is larger than the set upper limit value, and the stop signal is not received, the master controller continues to monitor the operation parameters, otherwise, the program is ended.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
through set up control by temperature change water storage device at the humidification branch road, the effectual humidification return circuit temperature balance that is used for of heat that takes out galvanic pile cooling water from the galvanic pile has effectively promoted heat utilization ratio, has reduced the energy consumption, simultaneously through hot and cold water moisturizing method, can widen galvanic pile humidity control scope, improves the precision and the response rate of humidity control.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A temperature and humidity control system for a fuel cell in communication with a stack, comprising:
a gas delivery main line which is communicated with the cell stack and is used for delivering fuel gas or oxidizing gas to the cell stack;
the humidifying branch is provided with a return pipeline and a humidifier arranged on the return pipeline, an inlet and an outlet of the return pipeline are communicated with the gas conveying main line, the humidifier is provided with a gas inlet, a humidifying medium inlet, a gas outlet and a humidifying medium outlet, and the humidifying branch further comprises a temperature control liquid storage device which is respectively communicated with the humidifying medium inlet and the humidifying medium outlet;
the cooling medium conveying pipeline is communicated with the temperature control liquid storage device and is used for conveying cooling medium into the temperature control liquid storage device;
a heat source conveying pipeline communicated with the temperature control liquid storage device and used for conveying heat into the temperature control liquid storage device,
the temperature and humidity control system further comprises:
a cooling medium storage tank in communication with the cooling medium delivery line;
and the cooling medium regulating valve is arranged on the cooling medium conveying pipeline and is used for regulating the flow of the cooling medium conveyed into the temperature control liquid storage device.
2. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 1, wherein the stack has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the temperature and humidity control system further comprising:
a cooling medium circulation line which is communicated with the cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium outlet and the heat source conveying line respectively;
and the heat source regulating valve is arranged on the heat source conveying pipeline and is used for regulating the heat quantity conveyed to the temperature control liquid storage device.
3. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 2, further comprising:
a circulating medium storage tank having a circulating medium inlet and a circulating medium outlet, the circulating medium inlet communicating with the cooling medium outlet, the circulating medium outlet communicating with the cooling medium inlet and the heat source transfer line, respectively;
and the heat dissipation assembly is respectively communicated with the circulating medium outlet and the cooling medium inlet.
4. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 3, wherein the circulating media storage tank has a media replenishment inlet, the temperature and humidity control system further comprising:
a cooling medium storage tank in communication with the cooling medium delivery line and the medium make-up inlet, respectively;
and a supplementary medium regulating valve provided in a line connecting the cooling medium storage tank and the medium supplementary inlet.
5. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 1, further comprising a gas humidity detector disposed on the gas delivery main line and downstream of the humidification branch.
6. The temperature and humidity control system according to claim 5, further comprising a master controller, wherein the master controller is electrically connected to the cooling medium regulating valve and the gas humidity detector, respectively, and is configured to regulate the cooling medium regulating valve according to the gas humidity detector.
7. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 1, wherein the humidification branch further comprises:
the humidifying medium circulating pipeline is respectively communicated with the humidifying medium inlet and the humidifying medium outlet, and the temperature control liquid storage device is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline;
and the humidifying medium temperature detector is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline and is positioned at the downstream of the temperature control liquid storage device.
8. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 7, further comprising a temperature and humidity control assembly, the temperature and humidity control assembly comprising:
the humidifying medium heater is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline; and/or
And the humidifying medium condenser is arranged on the humidifying medium circulating pipeline.
9. The temperature and humidity control system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature and humidity control assembly, the temperature and humidity control assembly comprising:
the gas heater is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the humidifying branch; and/or
And the gas condenser is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the humidifying branch.
10. The temperature-humidity control system according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising:
the gas temperature detector is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly;
and the gas humidity detector is arranged on the gas conveying main line and is positioned at the downstream of the temperature and humidity control assembly.
11. A temperature and humidity control method for a fuel cell, characterized in that the temperature and humidity control system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is adopted, the temperature and humidity control system is communicated with a cell stack, a gas delivery main line, a humidification branch, a cooling medium delivery line and a heat source delivery line are arranged in the temperature and humidity control system, the humidification branch is provided with a return line, a humidifier and a temperature control liquid storage device, and the method comprises the following steps:
simultaneously introducing reaction gas into the gas conveying main line and the return pipeline, wherein the reaction gas is fuel gas or oxidizing gas;
the humidifier is used for humidifying the reaction gas in the return pipeline, cooling media are conveyed to the temperature control liquid storage device through the cooling medium conveying pipeline, or heat is conveyed to the temperature control liquid storage device through the heat source conveying pipeline, and the temperature and the humidity of the reaction gas entering the cell stack are adjusted according to the flow of the cooling media or the heat.
12. The temperature-humidity control method according to claim 11, wherein the temperature-humidity control system further includes a cooling medium storage tank and a cooling medium regulating valve, the cooling medium storage tank is communicated with the cooling medium delivery line, and the cooling medium regulating valve is provided on the cooling medium delivery line, the method including the steps of:
when the humidity of the reaction gas is higher than the set operating humidity range of the temperature and humidity control system, the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline is increased by using the cooling medium adjusting valve so as to reduce the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas;
when the humidity of the reaction gas is lower than the set operating humidity range, reducing the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline by using the cooling medium regulating valve so as to improve the temperature and the humidity of the reaction gas;
and when the humidity of the reaction gas meets the set operation humidity range, maintaining the flow of the cooling medium in the cooling medium conveying pipeline.
13. The temperature/humidity control method according to claim 11, wherein the stack has a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the temperature/humidity control system further includes a cooling medium circulation line and a heat source regulating valve, the cooling medium circulation line is respectively communicated with the cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium outlet, and the heat source transport line, the heat source regulating valve is disposed on the heat source transport line, and the method includes:
when the humidity of the reaction gas is lower than the set operating humidity range of the temperature and humidity control system, the heat in the heat source conveying pipeline is increased by using the heat source adjusting valve so as to improve the temperature and humidity of the reaction gas;
when the humidity of the reaction gas is higher than the set operating humidity range, reducing the heat in the heat source conveying pipeline by using the heat source regulating valve so as to reduce the temperature and the humidity of the reaction gas;
and when the humidity of the reaction gas meets the set operating humidity range, keeping the heat quantity in the heat source conveying pipeline.
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