CN110160631B

CN110160631B - Method for detecting sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise by A weighting sound power level measurement method

Info

Publication number: CN110160631B
Application number: CN201810481857.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李文杰; 周波; 严家庆; 郝秋伟; 李丽华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-05-18
Filing date: 2018-05-18
Publication date: 2021-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-18
Also published as: CN110160631A

Abstract

The invention relates to a sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection method, which comprises the following detection steps: installing and debugging a sample; determining a sound source reference body and a parallelepiped measuring surface; sound pressure level measurement; calculating sound power level and correcting background noise, test environment and meteorological conditions; evaluating the result; it is characterized in that: slow time weighting characteristic "S" of A-weighted equivalent sound level using a sound level meter for measuring the sound level on a parallelepiped measuring surface in cumulative percentage sound power level L_WA(50)And the represented sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise is accurately and quantitatively detected. The invention provides for a ' weight cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of plumbing fixture supply/drain noise and background noise on a parallelepiped measuring surface at specific flow and water temperature conditions '_pAi(ST)(50)h、L′_pAi(ST)(50)cAnd L_pAi(B)(50)Carrying out measurement; calculating the sound power level L of the water injection device in a complete cold-hot circulation water injection period_WA(50)And provides the basis for evaluating the results. The invention fills the blank in the technical field of sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection, realizes the scientificity of the method and the comparability of the result, and can provide detection technical support for related production enterprises to improve the product quality and the law enforcement effect of environmental protection departments.

Description

Method for detecting sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise by A weighting sound power level measurement method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a noise quantitative test method, in particular to a method for measuring the sound power level L on the surface of a parallelepiped by using the slow time weighting characteristic S of the equivalent sound level weighted by a sound level meter A to accumulate the percentage sound power level L_WA(50)A method for detecting the water supply/drainage noise of sanitary ware belongs to the technical field of physical and chemical performance detection of sanitary ware.

Background

Biological studies have shown that environmental noise has a significant impact on the human body: noise greater than 45db (a) will affect sleep; when the noise is more than 55dB (A), emotional uneasiness is caused; noise greater than 75db (a) will reduce learning and operating efficiency; noise greater than 90db (a) will cause a temporary threshold shift; above 140db (a), acute trauma to the ear will result. Along with the enhancement of the awareness of safety and environmental protection of people, indoor noise pollution consisting of household appliances and water supply/drainage systems is receiving much attention from all social circles. At present, however, the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise monitoring is not subject to the standard.

When water supply accessories such as a faucet or an electric control valve and the like are suddenly opened, the water flow speed is greatly changed, and the water supply pipeline is vibrated due to the water hammer phenomenon caused by the pressure change before and after the valve, so that noise is generated; in water supply networks, in particular hot water pipe systems, air dissolved in the water flow is gradually released when the pressure and temperature are reduced and increased, and is continuously accumulated in the pipes and at the top, and finally air pockets are formed, so that the pipes are strongly vibrated due to local pressure impact, and cavitation noise is formed. In addition, when water flows to sanitary wares such as a wash basin and a shower tray under the action of pressure and gravity of a pipe network, the water flow collides with the bottom and the side wall of the water receiver, and noise with certain intensity is generated. The noise has all characteristics of sound wave propagation, wherein the propagation characteristic closely related to the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise test is the directivity of the sound wave, so that the test point distribution needs to be reasonably arranged in the actual measurement.

The research shows that the water supply/drainage noise of the sanitary ware is generally higher than the flushing noise of a toilet and the water inlet noise of a toilet water tank, and the range of the water supply/drainage noise values of different product types is different. At present, the method for detecting the water supply/drainage noise of the sanitary ware in a related standard system at home and abroad is always absent, influences the building construction and house decoration quality to a certain extent, and restricts the further development of the sanitary ware industry. In 2015, the national standard Commission published the national standard GB 6952-2015 sanitary ceramic, which definitely limits the noise pollution formed in the use process of the sanitary ceramic product; defining an allowable limit L for toilet bowl flushing noise₅₀≤55dB、L₁₀Less than or equal to 65 dB. However, it is not described whether the technical index is a weighted surface sound pressure level or sound power level; although article 8.6.8 of this Standard states that the "toilet bowl flushing noise test method is in accordance withGB/T3768 plus 1996 ' simple method for measuring the acoustic power level of a noise source by an acoustic sound pressure method ' is carried out by adopting an envelope measurement surface ' requirement, but the national standard GB/T3768 is used as an acoustic basic standard according to the standard GB/T14367, namely ' a measurement basic standard use guide of the acoustic power level of the acoustic noise source ', the application range is limited to provide a general principle for the compilation of a noise test specification expressed by the acoustic power level, only basic requirements for formulating various related noise test specifications under different environments and accuracy conditions are provided, and the specific technical requirements and method steps of noise measurement are not involved; as this standard is profound, abstract and obscure, it is difficult to apply it directly to toilet bowl flushing noise measurement, not to mention sanitary ware plumbing/drainage noise detection where sample installation and operating conditions are more complex.

In 2016, the book of State company issued by 2016 and printed by "consumer product standards and quality improvement planning" (2016-2020), and sanitary ware is listed as an important product field with improved quality; the method puts the coordination and matching and the structural optimization of the mandatory standard and the recommended standard into the key working category by building a novel standard system of the sanitary ware ceramic. Therefore, in order to strengthen the supporting effect of the patent technology on the development of the method standard, a detection method patent of sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise needs to be researched urgently, and the invention patent has certain practical significance for promoting the quality improvement of sanitary ware and sanitary ware products in China, standardizing the market order in related fields at home and abroad, strengthening the transformation and upgrading of the sanitary ware industry in China and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a slow time weighting characteristic S for weighting equivalent sound level by applying a sound level meter A to a parallelepiped measurement surface so as to accumulate a percentage sound power level L_WA(50)The method for detecting the water supply/drainage noise of the sanitary ware can solve the problem of accurate quantitative test of the water supply/drainage noise of the sanitary ware and the flushing noise of a toilet.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a method of detecting plumbing/drain noise in a plumbing fixture, comprising: (1) sample installation and adjustmentTesting; (2) determining a sound source reference body and a parallelepiped measuring surface; (3) sound pressure level measurement; (4) calculating sound power level and correcting background noise, test environment and meteorological conditions; (5) evaluating the detection result; it is characterized by that under the condition of specific flow rate and water temp., the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of equivalent sound level is weighted by sound level meter A in a complete cold-hot circulation water-filling period_WA(50)Accurate quantitative determination is carried out to sanitary wares plumbing noise of sign/drainage, and is specific:

in sound pressure level measurement:

according to the relevant regulations in GB/T3767-2016 engineering method for measuring sound power level of noise source and approximate free field above sound energy level reflecting surface by acoustic sound pressure method, the positioning of a sound source reference body under different reflecting plane conditions is determined and the characteristic dimension d of the sound source is calculated according to the installation requirements of sanitary ware samples₀(ii) a The parallelepiped measuring surface corresponding to the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise source reference body is selected and the dimensions thereof are determined, and the position coordinates of the microphones on different measuring surfaces are determined. In a semi-anechoic chamber or a reverberation chamber, the integral time of audio signal acquisition is determined according to the actual water injection period of the sanitary ware sample to be measured, and the accumulated percentage time average sound pressure level L of the background noise on the measuring surface of the selected parallelepiped is measured by applying a slow time weighting characteristic S of a sound level meter A weighting equivalent sound level_pAi(B)(50). Then, under the test dynamic pressure of 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, referring to the requirements of general test conditions in relevant sanitary ware standards at home and abroad, selecting specific areas near sample sewage outlets of a face washer, a washing tank, a mop pool, a shower tray, a bathtub and the like as cold/hot water flushing and dropping points, and correspondingly setting the heights of a cold/hot water outlet pipe orifice and a shower head of a water supply system. Starting a cold/hot water supply system under different flow rate and water temperature test conditions; the sound level meter A is used for weighting the slow time weighting characteristic S of the equivalent sound level to determine the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of the cold/hot water supply/drainage noise of the sanitary ware sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by taking a complete cold-hot circulation water filling period as the integral time of the audio signal acquisition'_pAi(ST)(50)c、L′_pAi(ST)(50)hAnd record；

In the acoustic power level calculation:

according to the related concepts and calculation formula in GB/T3767-2016, under the test hydrodynamic pressure of 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa and the specific flow rate and water temperature test conditions, the A weight accumulated percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of the cold/hot water supply/drainage noise and the background noise of the sanitary ware sample measured on the selected parallelepiped measurement surface by the sound level meter in a complete cold-hot cycle water injection period'_pAi(ST)(50)c、L′_pAi(ST)(50)hAnd L_pAi(B)(50)As the basic data, calculating the corresponding time-averaged sound pressure level mean value

And

and correcting value K for background noise_1ATesting environment correction value K_2AAnd weather condition correction value C₁、C₂The influence of (b) was analyzed. Deducing A weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level L of water supply/drainage noise of each sanitary ware sample in a complete cold and hot circulation water filling period under the conditions of specific flow rate and water temperature_WA(50)And the average value of the weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power level of the water supply/drainage noise A of each group of samples

Simultaneously, defining corresponding data reduction requirements and measurement uncertainty ranges;

in the evaluation of the results:

when a certain sample gives/drains the noise A and counts the cumulative percentage acoustic power level L_WA(50)Cumulative percentage acoustic power level L weighted by noise A for water supply/drainage of 3 samples in this group_WA(50)Arithmetic mean value

At 10%, re-extracting a group of samples to repeat the experiment; measuring water supply/drainage noise by calculating front and rear groups of sanitary ware samples through a parallelepiped measuring surface methodCumulative percentage acoustic power level L_WA(50)Is arithmetic mean of

If a certain sample gives/drains the noise A and counts the cumulative percentage acoustic power level L_WA(50)The cumulative percentage acoustic power level L is weighted by the water feeding/discharging noise A of more than two groups of 6 samples_WA(50)Arithmetic mean value

10% of the total weight is discarded; weighting accumulated percentage acoustic power level L of water supply/drainage noise A of residual sanitary ware sample_WA(50)Is arithmetic mean of

As an evaluation index of the supply/discharge noise of the set of sanitary ware samples.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the advancement is as follows: in the acoustic environment of semi-anechoic chamber or reverberation chamber, the background noise and water supply/drainage noise of the position array of the parallelepiped measuring surface microphone are measured by applying the slow time weighting characteristic S of the weighting equivalent sound level A of a modern precision instrument-sound level meter, and the weighting cumulative percentage sound power level L capable of correctly reflecting the influence of the weighting equivalent sound level A on human psychology and physiology is adopted in view of the fact that the starting of the water supply mode of the sanitary ware is a transient process_WA(50)As subjective evaluation parameters; the detection technology has certain advancement, achieves the modernization of the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection, and lays a necessary hardware foundation for realizing the precision of the detection result.

(2) Scientifically: on the basis of following the acoustic general guide rule in GB/T3767-2016, based on the non-continuous characteristic of noise caused by liquid non-steady flow, aiming at the generation mechanism and the transmission path of the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise, a parallelepiped measurement surface acoustic model is established according to the test principle of an envelope sound source; the influence of factors such as background noise, environment and meteorological conditions on the detection result is comprehensively analyzed, the measurement result under the conventional working pressure range of a civil building water supply pipeline and the standard general test condition of domestic and foreign related sanitary wares is used as a water supply/drainage noise evaluation index, the actual use state of the sanitary wares and the attention focus of consumers are met, and the scientificity of the detection method is improved.

(3) Standardization: evaluating the test result according to the national environmental protection requirement and the product quality standard, and referring to the corresponding regulations in the national acoustic basic standard GB/T3767-; the method provides a structural diagram of a suitable reference body and a measuring surface of a parallelepiped, simultaneously defines a series of key technical contents such as sample installation, measuring point coordinates, measuring steps, a calculation formula, uncertainty, result evaluation and the like, and can realize the quantification of the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection result.

(4) Prospective: aiming at the current indoor noise pollution monitoring requirement and the transformation development direction of the sanitary ware industry, the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection method researched and developed in an integrated innovation mode can effectively fill the blank of the related detection technical field at home and abroad according to the measurement principle of the A weighting sound power level in the GB/T3767 plus 2016 acoustic pressure method for measuring the sound power level of the noise source and the engineering method of approximate free field above the acoustic energy level reflecting surface of the standard ISO 3744:2010, and improve the accuracy of the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise measurement result to 2 levels, so the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection method has certain prospect technically.

(5) The accuracy is as follows: a sound level meter with high automation degree and advanced and mature technology is used as test equipment, and the evaluation results of three sanitary ware samples are used as final judgment conclusions; selecting the slow time weighting characteristic S of the A weighting equivalent sound level of the sound level meter in specific integration time under the conditions of different flow rates and water temperatures, and measuring the cumulative percentage sound power level L of the water supply/drainage noise by a parallelepiped measuring surface method_WA(50)As a correlation result evaluation index; by correcting the influence factors such as background noise, test environment, meteorological conditions and the like, the accumulative effect of uncertainty in the measurement process is comprehensively judged, and the measurement error can be effectively avoided.

(6) The innovation is as follows: aiming at the influence of water supply pressure on the water supply/drainage noise of the sanitary ware, the method is based on the working pressure range of the water supply pipeline of the civil building and the standard general test conditions of the domestic and foreign relevant sanitary ware; selecting the A weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level L of the water supply/drainage noise on the parallelepiped measuring surface in a complete cold-hot circulation water injection period under the conditions of different flow rates and water temperatures_WA(50)As a result evaluation index for each sanitaryware sample; and the requirements of sample installation and debugging are determined, the accuracy and the representativeness of the detection result are improved by limiting the measurement frequency and the data processing of the background noise and the water supply/drainage noise at the coordinates of each measurement point, and the blank in the prior related test technical field can be effectively filled.

(7) Operability: the sound level price is cheap, the application is extensive, the sample installation, debugging and a series of experimental operations stipulated by the method of the invention are simple and easy to do; the method has the advantages that technical contents related to test parameters, measurement surfaces, measuring point arrays, test steps, calculation formulas, data processing, evaluation standards and the like are clearly and specifically described, related diagram illustrations are visual and accurate, and the method is easy to understand and master, so that the method has strong operability in the patent implementation process, and is beneficial to promotion of transfer and popularization of achievements.

(8) Universality: based on the advantages, the method has stronger practicability and is favorable for expanding the popularization and application in inspection, study, research and production fields; the device is beneficial to supporting the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise detection technology to realize universality, and can provide reference for the flushing noise of a toilet, a squatting pan and a urinal, the noise generated by products such as toilet tank accessories, water supply/drainage pipelines and the like in the using process and the detection technology research thereof.

Further, the preferred scheme of the invention is as follows:

the sample installation and debugging are carried out according to the following steps:

(1) 3 sanitary ware samples of the same type, specification, size and material, such as a face washer, a washing tank, a mop pool or a shower tray, a bathtub and the like, of the same manufacturer and batch are taken as a group;

(2) with reference to the 5.5 th regulation in the national standard GB 26730 plus 2011 "gravity flushing device and sanitary ware rack for sanitary ware toilet", a sanitary ware rack comprising a support rack, a drainage pipe, fixing accessories and other components is prepared for fixing samples such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a sink and the like. The sanitary ware sample to be tested or the frame base is placed on the elastic medium, and no vibration isolation measure is required to be added except for the requirement of the sample;

(3) the water supply pressure of the cold/hot water supply system is adjustable between 0.05 and 0.55 MPa, the flow is not less than 11.4L/min under the dynamic pressure of 60kPa, and the water supply flow is adjustable; wherein the hot water supply system can provide hot water at 70 +/-2 ℃ to 90 +/-2 ℃, and the cold water supply system can provide cold water at 12 +/-3 ℃ to 15 +/-2 ℃. Through debugging, the flow rate and the water temperature of the cold/hot water supply system can meet the test requirements of the patent, and the water supply device and the drainage pipeline cannot radiate a large amount of sound energy to the test environment;

(4) the water supply pipe is a stainless steel braided hose for a shower, wherein the hose with the inner diameter of 10mm for the test of the washbasin, the washing tank and the mop pool and the hose with the inner diameter of 22mm for the test of the bathtub; the high-temperature pressure, the normal-temperature flow and the cold-hot circulation performance of the hose meet the relevant requirements of European Standard EN 1113-;

(5) overflow holes are arranged on the face washer, the washing tank and the bathtub, and overflow tests are carried out on samples of the face washer and the washing tank to be tested according to the 8.6.6 specification in GB 6952-2015 sanitary ceramic, and the samples are kept for 5min without overflow. The shower tray can use a hand-held or fixed shower head, and the safety performance, the sealing performance and the maximum flow rate of the shower tray meet the relevant requirements of national standard GB/T23447-;

(6) the test chamber has power supply conditions, the output power meets the use requirements of the massage bathtub sample to be tested, the massage bathtub sample is run in advance before the test, the electric pump is ensured to run normally, abnormal sound and abnormal vibration are avoided, and the nozzles spray water normally. Performing a sealing test on the massage bathtub sample according to the 5.4.2.1 th and 5.4.2.3 th regulations in QB 2585-2007 Water-spraying massage bathtub, wherein a normal-temperature water circulating system and a hot-water circulating system of the massage bathtub sample do not leak after running for 10 min;

(7) for the sanitary ware samples which are not close to any wall in the installation process, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, from the ground are 500mm, and the distance between the samples and any wall in the test chamber is not less than 1.0 m; and ensures the normal water supply/drainage function. For the sanitary ware samples installed close to the wall, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, which are 500mm from the ground are included; the distance between the back surface of the sample and the reflecting surface of the vertical wall is 15cm +/-5 cm, and the distance between the back surface of the sample and the other three indoor walls is not less than 1.5 m; and meanwhile, the normal water supply/drainage function is ensured. For the sanitary ware samples installed close to the wall corners, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, which are 500mm from the ground are included; the distance between the back and the side of the sample and the reflecting surfaces of two adjacent vertical walls is 15cm +/-5 cm, and the distance between the sample and the other two indoor walls is not less than 1.5 m; and meanwhile, the normal water supply/drainage function is ensured.

The determination of the sound source reference body and the parallelepiped measuring surface is carried out according to the following steps:

(1) determination of sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise source reference body shape and size: setting the position and the size of a sound source reference body by using a three-dimensional coordinate system according to the relevant regulations of item 7.1 in GB/T3767-2016 engineering method for measuring sound power level of a noise source and approximate free field above a sound energy level reflecting surface by an acoustic sound pressure method; the center of a box body formed by a sound source reference body and a mirror image of the sound source reference body on an adjacent reflecting plane is used as a coordinate origin O, and horizontal axes x and y are respectively parallel to the length and the width of the reference body. Length l using horizontal width of sanitary ware sample to be measured as sound source reference body₁And the width l of the sound source reference body is taken as the horizontal length₂The outlet of the cold/hot water supply system or the outlet of the shower headThe vertical distance from the center point to the ground is the height l of the sound source reference body₃(ii) a Characteristic dimension d of sound source reference body for different test environment conditions₀Are respectively [ (l)₁/2)²+(l₂/2)²+l₃ ²]^1/2(a reflection plane), [ l [ ]₁ ²+(l₂/2)²+l₃ ²]^1/2(two reflection planes) and [ l₁ ²+l₂ ²+l₃ ²]^1/2(three reflection planes) in meters (m);

(2) determination of the parallelepiped measuring surface and its microphone position array: according to the relevant regulations of 7.2.4 th and 8.1.2 nd in GB/T3767-.

If the sanitary ware sample to be measured is not close to any wall when being installed, the coordinates (x, y, z) at the positions of the 1 st to 9 th microphones on the parallelepiped measuring surface are respectively (a, 0, 0.5c), (0, b, 0.5c), (-a, 0, 0.5c), (0, -b, 0.5c), (a, b, c), (-a, -b, c), (0, 0, c); area S ═ 4(ab + bc + ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+d，b＝0.5l₂+d，c＝l₃+d；l₁、l₂、l₃Respectively the length, width and height of the sound source reference body; the measurement distance d is 1.0 m. If the sanitary ware sample to be measured is installed against a wall, coordinates (x, y, z) at the positions of the 1 st to 6 th microphones on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (2a, 0, 0.5c), (a, b, 0.5c), (a, -b, 0.5c), (2a, b, c), (2a, -b, c), (a, 0, c), respectively; area S ═ 2(2ab + bc +2ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+0.5d， b＝0.5l₂+d，c＝l₃+d；l₁、l₂、l₃Respectively, the length (distance from the wall to the front end face), width and height of the sound source reference body; the measurement distance d is 1.0 m. If the sanitary ware sample to be tested is arranged by the cornerCoordinates (x, y, z) at the positions of the 1 st to 4 th microphones on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (2a, -b, 0.5c), (a, -2b, 0.5c), (2a, -2b, c), (a, b, c), respectively; area S ═ 2(2ab + bc + ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+0.5d，b＝0.5l₂+0.5d，c＝l₃+ d; wherein l₁、l₂、l₃Respectively, the length, width and height of the reference body of the sound source (length l of the reference body)₁And width l₂I.e. the distance from the two walls to the opposite side of the respective reference body); the measurement distance d is 1.0 m.

The sound pressure level measurement is carried out according to the following steps:

(1) except that 1 sanitary ware sample to be tested and necessary experimental appliances such as a tripod and the like are reserved, all other articles in the testing chamber are removed, and no redundant personnel can be present in the testing chamber; the experimental operator must not wear clothing with significant sound absorption characteristics; measuring and recording the air temperature and the atmospheric pressure in the test chamber by using a thermometer and a barometer which are qualified by verification;

(2) before testing the noise of water supply/drainage, the dimension l of the sanitary ware sample is measured by using a straight steel ruler and a square ruler₁、l₂、l₃And recording; according to the number of reflecting planes involved in the sample installation mode, determining the space positioning of the sound source reference body and calculating the characteristic dimension d of the sound source reference body₀(ii) a Selecting an applicable parallelepiped enveloping sound source measuring surface and calculating specific sizes a, b and c thereof; calculating and recording coordinates of each measuring point according to the position array of the microphone on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface;

(3) the sound level meter used for measurement is required to meet the requirement of a 1-type instrument in GB/T3785.1-2010, and the verification period is not more than 2 years; the filter meets the requirements of a type 1 instrument in IEC 61260:1995, and the calibration period does not exceed 1 year. Before the test is started and after the test is finished, verifying the test on one or more frequencies in the measuring frequency range of the sound level meter by using a sound calibrator meeting the requirement of the level 1 accuracy in GB/T15173; the difference of the readings is not more than 0.5 dB;

(4) the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise test chamber can be a semi-anechoic chamber or a reverberation chamber, so that the volume of the available space in the test chamber is ensured to meet the installation requirement of a sanitary ware sample to be tested, the test chamber has water supply/drainage conditions required by a test, and the dynamic pressure, flow rate and temperature of test water can be regulated and controlled; wherein, the background noise in the semi-silencing chamber is not more than 16dB (A), the acoustic condition of approximate free field above the reflecting surface can be provided, and the verification period is not more than 5 years; background noise in the reverberation room is not more than 25dB (A), and reverberation time is in the range of 5 s-6 s;

(5) in the test chamber meeting the requirements, positioning coordinates of each measuring point according to the microphone position array of the selected parallelepiped measuring surface; simultaneously moving the tripod to a measuring point position and placing a sound level meter with related acoustic performance on a top tripod head of the tripod to ensure that the orientation of the microphone is the same as the sound wave incident angle when the microphone is calibrated and the microphone vertically points to a measuring surface;

(6) for a sample of sanitary ware such as a face washer, a washing tank or a mop pool, adjusting the dynamic pressure of the test to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and selecting any point in a region surrounding the diameter (110 +/-5) mm of a sewage outlet of the sample as a flushing point; the height of the cold and hot water outlet pipe mouth of the water supply system is adjusted to be positioned at the position (80 +/-5) mm above the flushing point. Opening the drain outlet, opening (70 + -2) ° C hot water (90 + -1) S at a flow rate of (0.1 + -0.01) L/S, measuring the cumulative percentage of the hot water supply/drain noise on the selected parallelepiped-measuring surface face washer, sink or mop sink sample, time-averaged sound pressure level L'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-taken. Then, the above experimental operation was repeated with cold water (90. + -.1) s of 15. + -.2 ℃ being turned on at the same flow rate and the cumulative percentage of cold water supply/discharge noise of the wash basin, sink or mop pool sample at each microphone position on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded as the time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L'_pAi(ST)(50)c；

(7) For showeringThe dynamic pressure of the test is adjusted to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, a shower head is connected in a water supply system, the height of the shower head is adjusted to enable the water outlet central point to be positioned at a position (1000 +/-50) mm above a sewage outlet, and at least half area of a shower basin can be covered by discharged cold/hot water. Opening a sewage outlet, and opening (75 +/-2) DEG C (90 +/-1) L of hot water at the flow rate of (0.15 +/-0.015) L/s; measuring the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of the hot water supply/discharge noise of the shower pan sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the weighting equivalent sound level A of the sound level meter during the period from the moment when the water supply system is started to the moment when the water injection is stopped'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-taken. The experimental procedure described above was then repeated with cold water (90 + -1) L at the same flow rate (12 + -3) deg.C open, and the cumulative percent time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L 'of cold water supply/discharge noise of the shower pan sample at each microphone location on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c；

(8) For a bathtub or massage bathtub sanitary ware sample, the dynamic pressure of the test is adjusted to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and the height of a cold and hot water outlet pipe opening of a water supply system is adjusted to be at least (125 +/-5) mm above the overflow water level of the bathtub or massage bathtub, and the cold and hot water outlet pipe opening is ensured to be close to a sewage draining outlet so as to drain water. Closing the sewage draining port, opening the hot water at 75 +/-2 ℃ at the flow rate of (0.32 +/-0.032) L/s, and stopping water injection when the water level is 250 +/-5 mm above the horizontal line of the sewage draining port of the bathtub or the massage bathtub. Measuring the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of hot water supply/discharge noise of a bathtub or whirlpool sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the weighting equivalent sound level A of the sound level meter until the water supply is stopped from the moment when the water supply system is started'_pAi(ST)(50)hThe measurement is continued 3 times at each microphone position, and the arithmetic mean value is taken as the hot water supply/discharge noise at that positionRecording the sound pressure level measured value, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-taken.

Then, the water was drained off, the above experimental operation was repeated using cold water of (12. + -.3) ℃ and the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L 'of cold water supply/drain noise of the bathtub or whirlpool sample at each microphone position on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c(before the water supply system of the massage bathtub sample is started, all electric pumps are started, all nozzles are opened, and an air regulating valve is opened to enable the water spraying force of the nozzles to be maximum);

(9) setting the integration time of the sound level meter audio signal acquisition according to the actual water injection time of the face washer, the washing tank, the mop pool, the shower tray, the bathtub or the massage bathtub sanitary ware sample recorded in the test; determination of the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level L of the background noise on selected parallelepiped measuring surfaces using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the A-weighted equivalent sound level of the sound level meter_pAi(B)(50)The measurements were taken 3 times in succession at each microphone location, and the arithmetic mean was taken as the sound pressure level measurement of the background noise at that location and recorded. If the difference of the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, re-measuring and recording;

the sound power level calculation is carried out according to the following steps:

(1) selecting a calculation formula: referring to relevant regulations in GB/T3767-:

if Δ L_pA(50)If the noise is more than 15dB, the background noise correction is not needed; if the value of Delta L is less than or equal to 6dB_pA(50)And (4) correcting according to the formula (9) if the value is less than or equal to 15 dB.

K_1A＝-10lg(1-10^{-0.1△LpA(50)})……………………………………………………(9)

K_2A＝l0lg(l+4S/A)……………………………………………………………(10)

When K is_2AWhen the power is less than or equal to 4dB, the measurement made according to the method is effective; wherein, the calculation formulas of the sound absorption quantity of the half anechoic chamber and the reverberation chamber are respectively as follows:

A＝α·S_ν……………………………………………………………………(11)

A＝0.16V/T_n………………………………………………………………………(12)

L_WA _ref,atm(50)＝L_WA(50)+C₁+C₂………………………………………………………(17)

in the formula:

-in the actual water injection period, the a weight cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean value of the hot water supply/discharge noise measured on the parallelepiped measurement surface, in decibels (dB);

L′_pAi(ST)(50)hin the actual water injection period, the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level of the hot water supply/drainage noise measured at the ith microphone position on the parallelepiped measuring surface is in decibel (dB);

N_M-the number of microphone positions on the parallelepiped measuring surface;

-in the actual water injection period, the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean value of the cold water supply/drainage noise measured on the parallelepiped measurement surface, in decibels (dB);

L′_pAi(ST)(50)cin the actual water injection period, the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level of the cold water supply/drainage noise measured at the ith microphone position on the parallelepiped measuring surface is in decibel (dB);

in a complete cold-hot circulation water injection period, measuring the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean value of the water supply/drainage noise on the parallelepiped measuring surface, wherein the unit is decibel (dB);

-a measure of the background noise measured on the parallelepiped measurement surface, the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean in decibels (dB) over a specified integration time;

L_pAi(B)(50)-in a specific integration time, the a weight cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level in decibels (dB) of the background noise measured at the ith microphone position on the parallelepiped measurement surface;

K_1A-a background noise correction value;

K_2A-testing the environmental correction value;

s-area of the parallelepiped measuring surface in square meters (m)²)；

A-equivalent sound absorption area in square meters (m) of room at 1kHz frequency in test chamber²)；

alpha-A weighted average sound absorption coefficient of the surface of a test room, and the numerical range is shown in GB/T3767-2016 in A.1;

S_νtotal area of the test Room boundary (wall, floor, ceiling) in square meters (m)²)；

V-test Room volume in cubic meters (m)³)；

T_n-measured a weight or frequency band reverberation time in seconds(s);

-water supply/discharge measured by parallelepiped measuring surface method during a complete cycle of hot and cold water injectionA measure of noise is the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level in decibels (dB);

L_WA(50)under the test site and corresponding meteorological conditions, the weighting cumulative percentage acoustic power level of the water supply/drainage noise A of each sanitary ware sample is measured by a parallelepiped measuring surface method, and the unit is decibel (dB);

S₀＝1m²；

C₁-testing a function of the air characteristic impedance under meteorological conditions of time and place;

C₂-converting the actual acoustic power at meteorological conditions relative to the test time and place into a radiation impedance modification value of the acoustic power at standard meteorological conditions;

p_s-atmospheric pressure at the test time and location in kilopascals (kPa);

p_s,0-standard atmospheric pressure, 101.325 kPa;

θ — air temperature at test time and site in degrees Celsius (C.);

θ₀＝314K；

θ₁＝296K；

L_W _ref,atm(50)-a weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level in decibels (dB) for each sanitaryware sample give/drain noise under standard meteorological conditions at atmospheric pressure of 101.325kPa and temperature of 23.0 ℃;

-the average of the a-weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power levels in decibels (dB) for the plumbing/drainage noise for each set of sanitaryware samples;

L_WA(50)1、L_WA(50)2、L_WA(50)3-a weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level in decibels (dB) for the water supply/drain noise for each group of sanitary ware samples;

-under standard meteorological conditions at atmospheric pressure of 101.325kPa and temperature of 23.0 ℃, the average of the a-weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power levels in decibels (dB) for the plumbing/drainage noise for each set of sanitaryware samples;

L_W _ref,atm(50)1、L_W _ref,atm(50)2、L_W _ref,atm(50)3-a weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level in decibels (dB) for the noise given/drained from each set of three sanitaryware samples under standard meteorological conditions at atmospheric pressure of 101.325kPa and temperature of 23.0 ℃;

(2) data reduction requirements: a weight cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L 'of sanitary ware sample hot and cold water supply/drain noise and background noise'_pAi(ST)(50)h、L′_pAi(ST)(50)c、L_pAi(B)(50)The measurement result of (1) is reserved as a significant digit after the decimal point, and the mean value thereof

And A weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level L_WA(50)Taking an integer from the calculation result of (1);

(3) measurement uncertainty: the method specifies the standard deviation sigma of the repeatability of the time-averaged mean sound pressure level measurement result of the weighting cumulative percentage of the plumbing fixture water supply/drainage noise A on the parallelepiped measurement surface_omcThe upper limit value is not more than 1.5 dB. With reference to the relevant contents in GB/T3767-2016, in a complete cycle of hot and cold water injection, the same experimenter uses the same sound level meter to measure the A-weighted cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level average value on the same parallelepiped measuring surface selected by the same sanitary ware sample at the same installation position

6 replicate measurements were made (for each replicate the fixture sample had to be remounted and repositioned) and the measurements were corrected for background noise. Standard deviation of repeatability σ_omcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

in the formula:

-average of a weighted cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level a on the parallelepiped measurement surface after j' th repeated measurement of plumbing/drain noise and correction by background noise;

-arithmetic mean sound pressure level calculated from all repeated measurements.

The result evaluation calculation is carried out according to the following steps:

(1) according to the national environmental protection standard and the standard requirements of related products, the following grading judgment standards are adopted:

the water supply/drainage noise is extremely low, and the environmental protection performance is excellent;

the noise of water supply/drainage is low, and the environmental protection performance is good;

the water supply/drainage noise is low, and the environmental protection performance is good;

the noise of water supply/drainage is high, and the environmental protection performance is poor;

to give toExcessive drainage noise and poor environmental protection performance;

(2) when a certain sample gives/drains the noise A and counts the cumulative percentage acoustic power level L_WA(50)Cumulative percentage acoustic power level L weighted by noise A for water supply/drainage of 3 samples in this group_WA(50)Arithmetic mean value

At 10%, re-extracting a group of samples to repeat the experiment; calculating the cumulative percentage acoustic power level L of the water supply/drainage noise of the two groups of sanitary ware samples before and after the measurement by a parallelepiped measuring surface method_WA(50)Is arithmetic mean of

As an index for evaluating the supply/discharge noise of the set of sanitary ware samples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sanitary fixture plumbing/drainage noise source reference block on a reflective surface in accordance with the present invention;

in the figure: d₀-the characteristic size of the sound source, m; l₁-length of reference body, m; l₂-width of the reference body, m; l₃-height of the reference body, m; o-origin of coordinates;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sanitary fixture plumbing/drainage noise source reference block on two reflective planes in accordance with the present invention;

in the figure: d₀-the characteristic size of the sound source, m; l₁Reference bodyLength of (d), m; l₂-width of the reference body, m; l₃-height of the reference body, m; o-origin of coordinates;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sanitary fixture plumbing/drainage noise source reference block in three reflective planes in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a parallelepiped measuring surface of a sanitary fixture plumbing/drainage noise source on a reflective plane and its microphone location array of the present invention;

in the figure: ● — microphone position; a-a reflecting surface; b-a reference body; 2 a-measuring surface length, m; 2 b-measuring the surface width, m; c-measuring surface height, m; d-measuring distance, m; l₁-reference body length, m; l₂-reference body width, m; l₃-height of reference body, m;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a parallelepiped measuring surface of a sanitary fixture plumbing/drainage noise source and its microphone location array on two reflective planes in accordance with the present invention;

in the figure: ● — microphone position; b-a reference body; 2 a-measuring surface length, m; 2 b-measuring the surface width, m; c-measuring surface height, m; d-measuring distance, m; l₁-reference body length, m; l₂-reference body width, m; l₃-height of reference body, m;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a parallelepiped measuring surface and its microphone location array of a sanitary fixture plumbing/drainage noise source on three reflective planes in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the correspondence between each frequency in the reverberation room and the average reverberation time thereof in the embodiment;

in the figure: the frequency (Hz) is plotted on the abscissa and the reverberation time(s) is plotted on the ordinate.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments so that the advantages and features of the invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the invention is more clearly and clearly defined.

This example illustrates the detection of the supply/drainage noise of a set of floor standing ceramic mop basin samples produced in the northwest down hill of river.

The specific detection method comprises the following steps:

(1) sample installation and commissioning

1.1 sample number, Specification

3 sanitary ware samples of the same type, specification, size and material, such as a face washer, a washing tank, a mop pool or a shower tray, a bathtub and the like, of the same manufacturer and batch are used as a group.

1.2 sample mounting

1.2.2 installation requirements of samples

With reference to the 5.5 th regulation in the national standard GB 26730 plus 2011 "gravity flushing device and sanitary ware rack for sanitary ware toilet", a sanitary ware rack comprising a support rack, a drainage pipe, fixing accessories and other components is prepared for fixing samples such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a sink and the like. The sanitary ware sample to be measured or the frame base is placed on the elastic medium, and no vibration isolation measure is required to be added except for the requirement of the sample.

1.2.3 Water pressure, flow and Water temperature requirements of Water supply System

The water supply pressure of the cold/hot water supply system is adjustable between (0.05-0.55) MPa, the flow is not less than 11.4L/min under the dynamic pressure of 60kPa, and the water supply flow rate is adjustable; wherein the hot water supply system can provide hot water at 70 +/-2 ℃ to 90 +/-2 ℃, and the cold water supply system can provide cold water at 12 +/-3 ℃ to 15 +/-2 ℃. Through debugging, the velocity of flow and the temperature of cold/hot water supply system can satisfy this patent test requirement, and water supply installation and drainage pipe must not radiate a large amount of sound energy to the test environment.

1.2.4 Water supply pipe Material, size and Performance requirements

The water supply pipe is a stainless steel braided hose for a shower, wherein the hose with the inner diameter of 10mm is used for the test of the face washer, the washing tank and the mop pool, and the hose with the inner diameter of 22mm is used for the test of the bathtub; the high-temperature pressure, the normal-temperature flow and the cold-hot circulation performance of the hose meet the requirements related to EN 1113-2015 European Standard general technical requirements of water supply systems of shower hose sanitary wares.

1.2.5 Overflow Performance testing of Wash basin, sink

The overflow holes are arranged on the face washer, the washing tank and the bathtub, and samples of the face washer and the washing tank to be tested are subjected to an overflow test according to the 8.6.6 specification in GB 6952-2015 sanitary ceramic, and then are kept for 5min without overflow. The shower tray can use a hand-held or fixed shower head, and the safety performance, the sealing performance and the maximum flow rate of the shower tray meet the relevant requirements of national standard GB/T23447-.

1.2.6 Pre-run and seal requirements for whirlpools

The power supply condition is provided in the test chamber, the output power meets the use requirement of the massage bathtub sample to be tested, the massage bathtub sample is run in advance before the test, the electric pump is ensured to run normally, abnormal sound and abnormal vibration are avoided, and each nozzle sprays water normally. The test of the sealing performance of the massage bathtub samples is carried out according to the 5.4.2.1 th and 5.4.2.3 th regulations in QB 2585-2007 Water-spray massage bathtub, and the normal-temperature water circulating system and the hot-water circulating system of the massage bathtub have no leakage after running for 10 min.

1.3 sample positioning

1.3.1 for the sanitary ware sample which is not close to any wall when in installation, the sample to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the testing chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, from the ground are 500mm, and the distance between the sample and any wall in the testing chamber is not less than 1.0 m; and ensures the normal water supply/drainage function.

1.3.2 for the sanitary ware sample installed close to the wall, the sample to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the testing chamber, wherein the height from the bottom of the sample fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, to the ground is 500 mm; the distance between the back surface of the sample and the reflecting surface of the vertical wall is 15cm +/-5 cm, and the distance between the back surface of the sample and the other three indoor walls is not less than 1.5 m; and meanwhile, the normal water supply/drainage function is ensured.

1.3.3 for the sanitary ware samples installed close to the wall corners, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, which are 500mm from the ground are included; the distance between the back and the side of the sample and the reflecting surfaces of two adjacent vertical walls is 15cm +/-5 cm, and the distance between the sample and the other two indoor walls is not less than 1.5 m; and meanwhile, the normal water supply/drainage function is ensured.

(2) Determination of a reference body for a sound source and a parallelepiped measuring surface

2.1 shape and size of sanitary wares plumbing/drainage noise Source reference body

Setting the position and the size of a sound source reference body by using a three-dimensional coordinate system according to the relevant regulations of item 7.1 in GB/T3767-2016 engineering method for measuring sound power level of a noise source and approximate free field above a sound energy level reflecting surface by an acoustic sound pressure method; the center of a box body formed by a sound source reference body and a mirror image of the sound source reference body on an adjacent reflecting plane is used as a coordinate origin O, and horizontal axes x and y are respectively parallel to the length and the width of the reference body. Length l using horizontal width of sanitary ware sample to be measured as sound source reference body₁And the width l of the sound source reference body is taken as the horizontal length₂The vertical distance from the outlet nozzle of the cold/hot water supply system or the outlet central point of the shower head to the ground is taken as the height l of the sound source reference body₃(ii) a Characteristic dimension d of sound source reference body for different test environment conditions₀Are respectively [ (l)₁/2)²+(l₂/2)²+l₃ ²]^1/2(a reflection plane), [ l [ ]₁ ²+(l₂/2)²+l₃ ²]^1/2(two reflection planes) and [ l₁ ²+l₂ ²+l₃ ²]^1/2(three reflection planes) in meters (m).

2.2 selection of the parallelepiped measuring surface and determination of the microphone position array

According to the relevant regulations of 7.2.4 th and 8.1.2 nd in GB/T3767-.

2.2.1 if the sanitary ware sample to be tested is positioned according to item 1.4.1 in this embodiment, the coordinates (x, y, z) at the positions of the microphones of items 1 to 9 on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (a, 0, 0.5c), (0, b, 0.5c), (-a, 0, 0.5c), (0, -b, 0.5c), (a, b, c), (-a, -b, c), (0, 0, c), respectively; area S ═ 4(ab + bc + ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+d，b＝0.5l₂+d，c＝l₃+d；l₁、 l₂、l₃Respectively the length, width and height of the sound source reference body; the measurement distance d is 1.0 m.

2.2.2 when the sanitary ware sample to be measured is installed and positioned according to the 1.4.2 item in the embodiment, the coordinates (x, y, z) at the positions of the 1 st to 6 th microphones on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (2a, 0, 0.5c), (a, b, 0.5c), (a, -b, 0.5c), (2a, b, c), (2a, -b, c), (a, 0, c), respectively; area S ═ 2(2ab + bc +2ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+0.5d，b＝0.5l₂+d，c＝l₃+d；l₁、l₂、l₃Respectively, the length (distance from the wall to the front end face), width and height of the sound source reference body; the measurement distance d is 1.0 m.

2.2.3 when the sanitary ware sample to be measured is installed, positioning is carried out according to the 1.4.3 item in the embodiment, and coordinates (x, y, z) at the positions of the 1 st to 4 th microphones on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (2a, -b, 0.5c), (a, -2b, 0.5c), (2a, -2b, c) and (a, b, c), respectively; area S ═ 2(2ab + bc + ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+0.5d，b＝0.5l₂+0.5d， c＝l₃+ d; wherein l₁、l₂、l₃Respectively, the length, width and height of the reference body of the sound source (length l of the reference body)₁And width l₂I.e. the distance from the two walls to the opposite side of the respective reference body); the measurement distance d is 1.0 m.

(3) Sound pressure level measurement

3.1 except that 1 sanitary ware sample to be tested and necessary experimental appliances such as a tripod and the like are reserved, all other articles in the testing chamber are removed, and no redundant personnel can be present in the testing chamber; the experimental operator must not wear clothing with significant sound absorption characteristics; the air temperature and atmospheric pressure in the test chamber were measured and recorded using certified thermometers and barometers.

3.2 before the plumbing/drainage noise test on the sanitary ware sample, the dimension l is measured by using a straight steel ruler and a square ruler₁、l₂、l₃And recording; according to the number of reflecting planes involved in the sample installation mode, determining the space positioning of the sound source reference body and calculating the characteristic dimension d of the sound source reference body₀(ii) a Selecting an applicable parallelepiped enveloping sound source measuring surface and calculating specific sizes a, b and c thereof; and calculating and recording coordinates of each measuring point according to the position array of the microphone of the selected parallelepiped measuring surface.

3.3 the sound level meter used for measurement is in accordance with the requirement of a 1-type instrument in GB/T3785.1-2010, and the verification period is not more than 2 years; the filter meets the requirements of a type 1 instrument in IEC 61260:1995, and the calibration period does not exceed 1 year. Before the test is started and after the test is finished, verifying the test on one or more frequencies in the measuring frequency range of the sound level meter by using a sound calibrator meeting the requirement of the level 1 accuracy in GB/T15173; the difference in readings is no greater than 0.5 dB.

3.4 the sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise test chamber can be a semi-anechoic chamber or a reverberation chamber, the volume of the available space in the test chamber is ensured to meet the installation requirement of the sanitary ware sample to be tested, the test chamber has water supply/drainage conditions required by the test, and the dynamic pressure, flow rate and temperature of test water can be regulated and controlled; wherein, the background noise in the semi-silencing chamber is not more than 16dB (A), the acoustic condition of approximate free field above the reflecting surface can be provided, and the verification period is not more than 5 years; background noise in the reverberation room is not more than 25dB (A), and reverberation time is in the range of 5 s-6 s.

3.5 in the test chamber meeting the requirements, positioning coordinates of each measuring point according to the position array of the microphone on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface; simultaneously, the tripod is moved to a measuring point position, a sound level meter with relevant acoustic performance is placed on a top tripod head of the tripod, and the microphone is ensured to be oriented to have the same sound wave incidence angle when being calibrated and point to the measuring surface vertically.

3.6 for the samples of the sanitary ware such as the face washer, the washing tank or the mop pool, adjusting the dynamic pressure of the test to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and selecting any point in the area surrounding the diameter (110 +/-5) mm of the sewage outlet of the sample as a flushing point; the height of the cold and hot water outlet pipe mouth of the water supply system is adjusted to be positioned at the position (80 +/-5) mm above the flushing point. Opening the drain outlet, opening (70 + -2) ° C hot water (90 + -1) S at a flow rate of (0.1 + -0.01) L/S, measuring the cumulative percentage of the hot water supply/drain noise on the selected parallelepiped-measuring surface face washer, sink or mop sink sample, time-averaged sound pressure level L'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-taken. Then, the above experimental operation was repeated with cold water (90. + -.1) s of 15. + -.2 ℃ being turned on at the same flow rate and the cumulative percentage of cold water supply/discharge noise of the wash basin, sink or mop pool sample at each microphone position on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded as the time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L'_pAi(ST)(50)c。

3.7 for the shower basin sanitary ware sample, adjusting the test dynamic pressure to 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, connecting the shower head in the water supply system, adjusting the height of the shower head to enable the water outlet central point to be positioned at the position (1000 +/-50) mm above the sewage outlet, and ensuring that the discharged cold/hot water can cover at least half of the shower basinAnd (4) a region. Opening a sewage outlet, and opening (75 +/-2) DEG C (90 +/-1) L of hot water at the flow rate of (0.15 +/-0.015) L/s; measuring the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of the hot water supply/discharge noise of the shower pan sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the weighting equivalent sound level A of the sound level meter during the period from the moment when the water supply system is started to the moment when the water injection is stopped'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-taken. The experimental procedure described above was then repeated with cold water (90 + -1) L at the same flow rate (12 + -3) deg.C open, and the cumulative percent time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L 'of cold water supply/discharge noise of the shower pan sample at each microphone location on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c。

3.8 for the sanitary ware sample of the bathtub or the massage bathtub, the dynamic pressure of the test is adjusted to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and the height of a cold and hot water outlet pipe opening of a water supply system is adjusted to be at least (125 +/-5) mm above the overflow water level of the bathtub or the massage bathtub, and the position is ensured to be close to a sewage discharge outlet so as to discharge water. Closing the sewage draining port, opening the hot water at 75 +/-2 ℃ at the flow rate of (0.32 +/-0.032) L/s, and stopping water injection when the water level is 250 +/-5 mm above the horizontal line of the sewage draining port of the bathtub or the massage bathtub. Measuring the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of hot water supply/discharge noise of a bathtub or whirlpool sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the weighting equivalent sound level A of the sound level meter until the water supply is stopped from the moment when the water supply system is started'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each position is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-taken.

Then, the water was drained off and the process was repeated using cold water at (12. + -. 3) ° CThe experimental runs were described and the cumulative percent time averaged sound pressure level measurements L 'of the bath or whirlpool sample cold water supply/drain noise at each microphone location on the selected parallelepiped measurement surfaces were recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c(before the water supply system of the massage bathtub sample is started, all electric pumps are started, all nozzles are opened, and an air regulating valve is opened to enable the water spraying force of the nozzles to be maximum).

3.9 setting the integration time of the collection of the audio signals of the corresponding sound level meter according to the actual water injection time of the samples of the sanitary ware such as the face washer, the washing tank, the mop pool, the shower tray, the bathtub or the massage bathtub, which are recorded in the test; determination of the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level L of the background noise on selected parallelepiped measuring surfaces using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the A-weighted equivalent sound level of the sound level meter_pAi(B)(50)The measurements were taken 3 times in succession at each microphone location, and the arithmetic mean was taken as the sound pressure level measurement of the background noise at that location and recorded. If the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each location is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-measured and recorded.

(4) Calculation of results

4.1 selection of calculation formula: referring to the relevant specifications in GB/T3767-:

K_1A＝-10lg(1-10^{-0.1△LpA(50)})………………………………………………………(9)

K_2A＝l0lg(l+4S/A)………………………………………………………………(10)

A＝0.16V/T_n…………………………………………………………………(12)

in the formula:

N_M-the number of microphone positions on the parallelepiped measuring surface;

K_1A-a background noise correction value;

K_2A-testing the environmental correction value;

s-area of the parallelepiped measuring surface in square meters (m)²)；

V-test Room volume in cubic meters (m)³)；

T_n-measured a weight or frequency band reverberation time in seconds(s);

in a complete cold and hot circulation water injection period, the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level of the water supply/drainage noise measured by the parallelepiped measuring surface method is in decibel (dB);

L_WA(50)-the cumulative percentage of the weighted water supply/discharge noise A measured by the parallelepiped measuring surface method for each sanitary ware sample at the test site and under the corresponding meteorological conditionsAcoustic power level in decibels (dB);

S₀＝1m²；

p_s-atmospheric pressure at the test time and location in kilopascals (kPa);

p_s,0-standard atmospheric pressure, 101.325 kPa;

θ — air temperature at test time and site in degrees Celsius (C.);

θ₀＝314K；

θ₁＝296K；

4.2 data reduction requirements: a weight cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L 'of sanitary ware sample hot and cold water supply/drain noise and background noise'_pAi(ST)(50)h、L′_pAi(ST)(50)c、L_pAi(B)(50)The measurement result of (1) is reserved as a significant digit after the decimal point, and the mean value thereof

4.3 measurement uncertainty: the method specifies the standard deviation sigma of the repeatability of the time-averaged mean sound pressure level measurement result of the weighting cumulative percentage of the plumbing fixture water supply/drainage noise A on the parallelepiped measurement surface_omcThe upper limit value is not more than 1.5 dB. With reference to the relevant contents in GB/T3767-2016, in a complete cycle of hot and cold water injection, the same experimenter uses the same sound level meter to measure the A-weighted cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level average value on the same parallelepiped measuring surface selected by the same sanitary ware sample at the same installation position

in the formula:

(5) Performance determination

5.1 according to the national environmental protection standard and the relevant product standard requirements, adopting the following grading judgment standards:

the noise of water supply/drainage is too high, and the environmental protection performance is poor;

5.2 cumulative percentage acoustic power level L weighted by water supply/drainage noise A when a certain sample_WA(50)Cumulative percentage acoustic power level L weighted by noise A for water supply/drainage of 3 samples in this group_WA(50)Arithmetic mean value

Test facilities, instrumentation and test equipment used in this example:

(1) test facility

A reverberation chamber: the net size is 8.0m multiplied by 6.3m multiplied by 5.0m, and the ratio of length, width and height is 1.00:0.79: 0.63; effective volume of 206m³Indoor effective usable area of 44m²The reverberation sound field meets the GB/T6881.1-2002 requirement; the indoor asymmetric three-side wall body is of an arc diffusion structure, all interfaces are decorated by adopting super-strong vitrified tiles, and no other fixed facilities are needed except for the arrangement of corresponding water supply/drainage pipelines, cold/hot water supply systems and air conditioners indoors; when the reverberation room works normally and the surroundings have no abnormal interference, the indoor background noise is lower than 14.5dB (A) and the low-frequency cut-off frequency f_cThe standard deviation of sound pressure level is shown in table 1 for each frequency and the average reverberation time is shown in fig. 7 for each frequency band, which is 100 Hz.

TABLE 1 Standard deviation of sound pressure levels of reverberant room diffuse sound field

Frequency (Hz)	100	125	160	200	250	315	400	500	630
										Standard deviation (dB)	1.4	1.4	1.5	0.8	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5
Maximum allowable Standard deviation (dB)	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
										Frequency (Hz)	800	1000	1250	1600	2000	2500	3150	4000	5000
Standard deviation (dB)	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.5
										Maximum allowable Standard deviation (dB)	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	1.0	1.0	1.0

(2) Test equipment and equipment

2.1 Sound level Meter: the model is NA-28 and can measure equivalent continuous sound pressure L produced by Japan rational sound company_eqThe performance meets the regulation of a 1-type integral sound level meter in GB/T3785, and the filter meets the requirement of GB 3241; the A-weighted linear operation range is 25dB to 130dB, the peak sound level measurement upper limit is 143dB, the inherent noise A-weighted maximum value is 17dB, the measurement frequency range is 10Hz to 20kHz, and the sampling period is 15.6 ms. The sound pressure level uncertainty U is 0.4dB to 1.0dB (k is 2); the sound pressure level uncertainty U at the reference frequency is 0.07dB (k is 2); the uncertainty of the calibration result is 1.0dB (k 2).

2.2 sound calibrator: the model AWA6221A produced by the hundred million Europe instrument equipment company Limited is used for absolute sound pressure calibration of a sound level meter, and the acoustic performance meets the 1-level accuracy requirement in GB/T15173; the nominal sound pressure level is 94dB and 114dB (taking 20 mu Pa as a benchmark), the applicable frequency range is 1 kHz-5 Hz, the sound pressure level accuracy is +/-0.2 dB (23 ℃) and +/-0.3 dB (-10 ℃ -50 ℃), and the total harmonic distortion is less than or equal to 1% when the sound pressure level is 94 dB.

2.3 Cold/Hot Water supply System: a cold and hot impact testing machine for a basin and a bathtub manufactured by Hefeinuo measurement and control science and technology Limited company has the measuring range of 0-100 ℃ for a hot water sensor, 0-50 ℃ for a cold water sensor and 1MPA for a pressure sensor.

2.4 hose: the stainless steel braided hose special for the heat-resistant explosion-proof shower with the inner diameter of 10mm and 22mm meets the related requirements of EN 1113-; the cold and hot water output device is respectively used for outputting cold and hot water in a face washing device, a washing tank and a bathtub test.

2.5 shower: the nine-grazing hand-held shower head with the model number of S25085 meets the relevant requirements of national standard GB/T23447 + 2009 shower head for sanitary ware.

2.6 thermometer: the range is 0-100 ℃, and the division value is 0.2 ℃.

2.7 flow meter: the Mike LDGC-MIK plug-in electromagnetic flowmeter has the measurement range of (0.05-0.5) L/s and the accuracy of 0.001L/s.

2.8 ruler: a steel ruler and a square ruler with the division value of 1 mm.

2.9 barometer: the empty box barometer with the measuring range of 800hPa to 1060hPa shows the maximum allowable error of +/-1.0 hPa.

2.10 stopwatch: the accuracy was 0.01 s.

2.11 tripod: the carbon fiber or aluminum alloy material bears more than 10kg and contains the maximum height of the holder of 2.0 m.

The detection data and result calculation of this embodiment:

in the reverberation chamber, the water supply/drainage noise of the mop pool sample is detected by applying a parallelepiped measuring surface method, and related detection data and result evaluation are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 mop pool sample feed/discharge noise detection data (one reflection plane)

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the contents of the present specification and the drawings, or applied to other related technical fields directly or indirectly, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of detecting plumbing/drain noise in a plumbing fixture, comprising: (1) installing and debugging a sample; (2) determining a sound source reference body and a parallelepiped measuring surface; (3) sound pressure level measurement; (4) acoustic power level calculation and background noise, test environment and atmosphereCorrecting the image condition; (5) evaluating the detection result; it is characterized by that under the condition of specific flow rate and water temp., the sound level meter A is used to weight the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of equivalent sound level, and in a complete cold-hot circulation water-filling period, the cumulative percentage sound power level L is used on the parallelepiped measuring surface_WA(50)Accurate quantitative determination is carried out to sanitary wares plumbing noise of sign/drainage, and is specific:

in sound pressure level measurement:

according to GB/T3767-2016 engineering method for measuring sound power level of noise source and approximate free field above sound energy level reflecting surface by acoustic sound pressure method, aiming at the installation requirement of sanitary ware samples, the positioning of a sound source reference body under different reflecting plane conditions is determined and the characteristic dimension d of the sound source is calculated₀(ii) a Selecting a parallelepiped measuring surface corresponding to a sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise source reference body, determining the size of the parallelepiped measuring surface, and determining position coordinates of microphones on different measuring surfaces; in a semi-anechoic chamber or a reverberation chamber, the integral time of audio signal acquisition is determined according to the actual water injection period of the sanitary ware sample to be measured, and the accumulated percentage time average sound pressure level L of the background noise on the measuring surface of the selected parallelepiped is measured by applying a slow time weighting characteristic S of a sound level meter A weighting equivalent sound level_pAi(B)(50)(ii) a Then, under the test dynamic pressure of 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, referring to the requirements of general test conditions in relevant sanitary ware standards at home and abroad, selecting specific areas near sample sewage outlets of a face washer, a washing tank, a mop pool, a shower tray, a bathtub and the like as cold/hot water flushing and dropping points, and correspondingly setting the heights of a cold/hot water outlet pipe orifice and a shower head of a water supply system; under different flow rate and water temperature test conditions, a cold/hot water supply system is started, a complete cold/hot water circulation water injection period is used as integration time of audio signal acquisition, and a sound level meter A is used for measuring the slow time weighting characteristic 'S' of equivalent sound level to determine the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of cold/hot water supply/drainage noise of a sanitary ware sample on the selected parallelepiped measurement surface'_pAi(ST)(50)c、L′_pAi(ST)(50)hAnd recording;

in the acoustic power level calculation:

according to GB/T3767-2016, at 0.3A-weighted cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of the sanitary ware sample cold/hot water supply/drainage noise and background noise measured by a sound level meter in a complete cold-hot cycle water injection period on a selected parallelepiped measuring surface under test conditions of test hydrodynamic pressure of 0MPa +/-0.05 MPa and specific flow rate and water temperature'_pAi(ST)(50)c、L′_pAi(ST)(50)hAnd L_pAi(B)(50)As the basic data, calculating the corresponding time-averaged sound pressure level mean value

And

and correcting value K for background noise_1ATesting environment correction value K_2AAnd weather condition correction value C₁、C₂Analyzing the influence of (a); deducing A weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level L of water supply/drainage noise of each sanitary ware sample in a complete cold and hot circulation water filling period under the conditions of specific flow rate and water temperature_WA(50)And the average value of the weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power level of the water supply/drainage noise A of each group of samples

(1) selecting a calculation formula: referring to GB/T3767-2016, the calculation formula of the related test parameters is as follows:

if Δ L_pA(50)If the noise is more than 15dB, the background noise correction is not needed; if the value of Delta L is less than or equal to 6dB_pA(50)And (4) less than or equal to 15dB, correcting according to the formula (6):

K_1A＝-10lg(1-10^{-0.1△LpA(50)}) (6)

K_2A＝l0lg(l+4S/A) (7)

A＝α·S_ν (8)

A＝0.16V/T_n (9)

L_{WA ref,atm(50)}＝L_WA(50)+C₁+C₂ (14)

in the formula:

-in the actual water injection period, the a weight cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean value of the hot water supply/drain noise measured on the parallelepiped measurement surface, in dB;

L′_pAi(ST)(50)hin the actual water injection period, the A weighting accumulated percentage time average sound pressure level of the hot water supply/drainage noise measured at the ith microphone position on the parallelepiped measuring surface is in dB;

N_M-the number of microphone positions on the parallelepiped measuring surface;

-in the actual water injection period, the a weight cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean value of the cold water supply/drain noise measured on the parallelepiped measurement surface, in dB;

L′_pAi(ST)(50)c-during the actual filling cycle, the cumulative percentage of the A weight of the noise of the cold water supply/discharge measured at the ith microphone of the parallelepiped measuring surfaceThe inter-average sound pressure level in dB;

in a complete cold-hot circulation water injection period, the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean value of the water supply/drainage noise measured on the parallelepiped measuring surface is dB;

-a measure of the background noise measured on the parallelepiped measurement surface, the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level mean in dB, over a specified integration time;

L_pAi(B)(50)-in a specific integration time, the a weight cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level in dB of the background noise measured at the ith microphone position on the parallelepiped measurement surface;

K_1A-a background noise correction value;

K_2A-testing the environmental correction value;

s-area of the parallelepiped measuring surface in m²；

A-equivalent sound absorption area in unit of m of room at 1kHz frequency in test chamber²；

S_ν-testing the total area of the room boundary of the room, wherein the room boundary comprises walls, floor, ceiling, in m²；

V-test Room volume in m³；

T_n-measured a weight or frequency band reverberation time in units s;

-one completeIn the cold and hot circulation water injection period, the A weighting cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level of the water supply/drainage noise measured by a parallelepiped measuring surface method is in dB;

L_WA(50)under the test site and corresponding meteorological conditions, the weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power level of the water supply/drainage noise A of each sanitary ware sample is measured by a parallelepiped measuring surface method, and the unit is dB;

S₀＝1m²；

p_satmospheric pressure at the test time and location in kPa;

p_s,0-standard atmospheric pressure, 101.325 kPa;

θ -air temperature at test time and site in units of;

θ₀＝314K；

θ₁＝296K；

L_{W ref,atm(50)}-a weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level in dB for each sanitaryware sample give/drain noise under standard meteorological conditions at atmospheric pressure of 101.325kPa and temperature of 23.0 ℃;

-the average of the a-weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power levels of the plumbing/drainage noise for each set of sanitary ware samples in dB;

L_WA(50)1、L_WA(50)2、L_WA(50)3-a weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level of plumbing/drainage noise for each set of sanitaryware samples in dB;

-under standard meteorological conditions at atmospheric pressure of 101.325kPa and temperature of 23.0 ℃, the average of the a-weighted cumulative percentage acoustic power levels in dB for the plumbing/drainage noise for each set of sanitaryware samples;

L_{W ref,atm(50)1}、L_{W ref,atm(50)2}、L_{W ref,atm(50)3}-a weight cumulative percentage acoustic power level, in dB, of the plumbing/drainage noise for each set of three sanitary ware samples under standard meteorological conditions at atmospheric pressure of 101.325kPa and at a temperature of 23.0 ℃;

(3) measurement uncertainty: the method specifies the standard deviation sigma of the repeatability of the time-averaged percentage mean sound pressure level measurement of the weighted cumulative percentage of plumbing fixture plumbing/drainage noise A on a parallelepiped measurement surface_omcThe upper limit value is not more than 1.5dB, the reference standard GB/T3767-

Performing 6 repeated measurements, wherein for each repeated measurement, the sanitary ware sample needs to be reinstalled, adjusted and positioned, and performing background noise correction on the measurement result; standard deviation of repeatability σ_omcThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:

in the formula:

-an arithmetic mean sound pressure level calculated from all repeated measurements;

in the evaluation of the results:

2. The method for detecting plumbing/drainage noise of a plumbing fixture of claim 1, wherein the sample installation and commissioning is performed by the steps of:

(1) 3 samples of a washbasin, a washing tank, a mop pool or a shower tray and a bathtub with the same category, specification, size and material of the same manufacturer and batch are taken as a group of samples;

(2) referring to the 5.5 th regulation in the national standard GB 26730-; the sanitary ware sample to be tested or the frame base is placed on the elastic medium, and no vibration isolation measure is required to be added except for the requirement of the sample;

(3) the water supply pressure of the cold/hot water supply system is adjustable between 0.05 and 0.55 MPa, the flow is not less than 11.4L/min under the dynamic pressure of 60kPa, and the water supply flow is adjustable; wherein the hot water supply system can provide hot water at the temperature of between 70 +/-2 and 90 +/-2, and the cold water supply system can provide cold water at the temperature of between 12 +/-3 and 15 +/-2; after debugging, the flow rate and the water temperature of the cold/hot water supply system can meet the test requirements, and the water supply device and the drainage pipeline cannot radiate a large amount of sound energy to the test environment;

(4) the water supply pipe is a stainless steel braided hose for a shower, wherein the hose with the inner diameter of 10mm for the test of the washbasin, the washing tank and the mop pool and the hose with the inner diameter of 22mm for the test of the bathtub; the high-temperature pressure, the normal-temperature flow and the cold-heat cycle performance of the hose meet the European Standard EN 1113-;

(5) overflow holes are formed in the face washer, the washing tank and the bathtub, overflow tests are carried out on samples of the face washer and the washing tank to be tested according to the 8.6.6 specification in GB 6952-; the shower tray can use a hand-held or fixed shower head, and the safety performance, the sealing performance and the maximum flow rate of the shower tray accord with the shower head for the sanitary ware of GB/T23447 + 2009;

(6) the test chamber has power supply conditions, the output power meets the use requirements of the massage bathtub sample to be tested, the massage bathtub sample is run in advance before the test, the electric pump is ensured to run normally without abnormal sound and abnormal vibration, and the nozzles spray water normally; performing a sealing test on the massage bathtub sample according to the 5.4.2.1 th and 5.4.2.3 th regulations in QB 2585-2007 Water-spraying massage bathtub, wherein a normal-temperature water circulating system and a hot-water circulating system of the massage bathtub sample do not leak after running for 10 min;

(7) for the sanitary ware samples which are not close to any wall in the installation process, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, from the ground are 500mm, and the distance between the samples and any wall in the test chamber is not less than 1.0 m; and ensure the normal water supply/drainage function; for the sanitary ware samples installed close to the wall, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, which are 500mm from the ground are included; the distance between the back surface of the sample and the reflecting surface of the vertical wall is 15cm +/-5 cm, and the distance between the back surface of the sample and the other three indoor walls is not less than 1.5 m; meanwhile, the normal water supply/drainage function is ensured; for the sanitary ware samples installed close to the wall corners, the samples to be tested or the sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on the ground in the test chamber, wherein the heights of the bottoms of the samples fixed by the sanitary ware rack, such as an upper basin, a lower basin, a washing tank and the like, which are 500mm from the ground are included; the distance between the back and the side of the sample and the reflecting surfaces of two adjacent vertical walls is 15cm +/-5 cm, and the distance between the sample and the other two indoor walls is not less than 1.5 m; and meanwhile, the normal water supply/drainage function is ensured.

3. The method for detecting plumbing/drainage noise of a plumbing fixture of claim 1, wherein the determination of the acoustic source reference body and the parallelepiped measuring surface is performed by the steps of:

(1) determination of sanitary ware water supply/drainage noise source reference body shape and size: setting the position and size of a sound source reference body by using a three-dimensional coordinate system according to item 7.1 in GB/T3767-2016 engineering method for measuring sound power level and approximate free field above a sound energy level reflecting surface by an acoustic sound pressure method; the center of a box body formed by a sound source reference body and mirror images of the sound source reference body on adjacent reflecting planes is taken as a coordinate origin O, and horizontal axes x and y are respectively parallel to the length and the width of the reference body; length l using horizontal width of sanitary ware sample to be measured as sound source reference body₁And the width l of the sound source reference body is taken as the horizontal length₂The vertical distance from the outlet nozzle of the cold/hot water supply system or the outlet central point of the shower head to the ground is taken as the height l of the sound source reference body₃(ii) a The characteristic dimension d of the sound source reference body under one reflection plane is aimed at different test environmental conditions₀Is [ (l)₁/2)²+(l₂/2)²+l₃ ²]^1/2Characteristic dimension d of sound source reference volume under two reflection planes₀Is [ l ]₁ ²+(l₂/2)²+l₃ ²]^1/2Characteristic dimension d of sound source reference body under three reflection planes₀Is [ l ]₁ ²+l₂ ²+l₃ ²]^1/2In the unit of m;

(2) determination of the parallelepiped measuring surface and its microphone position array: according to 7.2.4 th item and 8.1.2 th item in the standard GB/T3767-;

if the sanitary ware sample to be measured is not close to any wall when being installed, the coordinates (x, y, z) of the positions 1-9 of the microphones on the parallelepiped measuring surface are respectively (a, 0, 0.5c), (0, b, 0.5c), (-a, 0, 0.5c), (0, -b, 0.5c), (a, b, c)(-a, -b, c), (0, 0, c); area S ═ 4(ab + bc + ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+d，b＝0.5l₂+d，c＝l₃+d；l₁、l₂、l₃The length, width and height of the sound source reference body are respectively, and the measuring distance d is 1.0 m; if the sanitary ware sample to be measured is mounted close to a wall, coordinates (x, y, z) of positions 1-6 of the sound transmitter on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (2a, 0, 0.5c), (a, b, 0.5c), (a, -b, 0.5c), (2a, b, c), (2a, -b, c) and (a, 0, c), respectively; area S ═ 2(2ab + bc +2ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+0.5d，b＝0.5l₂+d，c＝l₃+d；l₁、l₂、l₃The length, the width and the height of a sound source reference body are respectively, the length of the sound source reference body is the distance from a wall to the front end face, and the measuring distance d is 1.0 m; if the sanitary ware sample to be measured is mounted close to a wall corner, coordinates (x, y, z) of positions 1-4 of the microphone on the parallelepiped measuring surface are (2a, -b, 0.5c), (a, -2b, 0.5c), (2a, -2b, c) and (a, b, c), respectively; area S ═ 2(2ab + bc + ca), where a ═ 0.5l₁+0.5d，b＝0.5l₂+0.5d，c＝l₃+ d; wherein l₁、l₂、l₃Length, width and height of the reference body of the sound source, respectively₁And width l₂I.e. the distance from the two walls to the opposite face of the respective reference body; the measurement distance d is 1.0 m.

4. The method for detecting plumbing/drain noise of a plumbing fixture of claim 1, wherein said measuring the sound pressure level is performed by the steps of:

(1) except that 1 sanitary ware sample to be tested and a tripod experimental apparatus are reserved, all other articles in the testing chamber are removed, and no redundant personnel are required to be present; the experimental operator must not wear clothing with significant sound absorption characteristics; measuring and recording the indoor air temperature and the atmospheric pressure by using a thermometer and a barometer which are qualified by verification;

(2) measuring sample size l with a steel ruler and square₁、l₂、l₃And recording; determining a sound source reference volume based on a sample mounting patternSpatially locating and calculating its characteristic dimension d₀(ii) a Selecting an applicable parallelepiped enveloping sound source measuring surface and calculating specific sizes a, b and c thereof; calculating and recording the coordinates of the measuring points according to the position array of the surface microphone;

(3) the sound level meter used for measurement is required to meet the requirement of a 1-type instrument in GB/T3785.1-2010, and the verification period is not more than 2 years; the filter meets the requirement of a type 1 instrument in IEC 61260:1995, and the calibration period does not exceed 1 year; before the test is started and after the test is finished, verifying the test on one or more frequencies in the measuring frequency range of the sound level meter by using a sound calibrator meeting the requirement of the level 1 accuracy in GB/T15173; the difference of the readings is not more than 0.5 dB;

(4) the testing chamber can be a semi-anechoic chamber or a reverberation chamber, the indoor available space volume is ensured to meet the installation requirement of the sanitary ware sample to be tested, the water supply/drainage condition required by the test is provided, and the dynamic pressure, the flow rate and the temperature of test water can be regulated and controlled; the background noise in the semi-silencing chamber is not more than 16dB of the weight A, the acoustic condition similar to a free field above a reflecting surface can be provided, and the verification period is not more than 5 years; the background noise in the reverberation room is not more than 25dB of the weighting A, and the reverberation time is 5 s-6 s;

(5) positioning the coordinates of the measuring points according to the position array of the surface microphone; simultaneously moving the tripod to a measuring point position and placing a sound level meter with related acoustic performance on a top tripod head of the tripod to ensure that the orientation of the microphone is the same as the sound wave incident angle when the microphone is calibrated and the microphone vertically points to a measuring surface;

(6) for a sample of sanitary ware such as a face washer, a washing tank or a mop pool, adjusting the dynamic pressure of the test to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and selecting any point in a region of 110mm +/-5 mm around the diameter of a sewage outlet of the sample as a flushing point; adjusting the height of a cold and hot water outlet pipe orifice of the water supply system to enable the cold and hot water outlet pipe orifice to be positioned 80mm +/-5 mm above the flushing point; opening a drain outlet, opening hot water at 70 +/-2 ℃ for 90 +/-1S at the flow rate of 0.1 +/-0.01L/S, timing from the moment when a water supply system is opened to the moment when water injection is stopped, and measuring the hot water supply/drainage of samples of a washbasin, a washing tank or a mop pool on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic S of the A weighting equivalent sound level of a sound level meter in the periodCumulative percent time average sound pressure level L 'of noise'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference of the sound pressure level measured 3 times at each position is more than 0.5dB, re-measuring; then, cold water of 15 ℃. + -. 2 ℃ was turned on at the same flow rate for 90 s. + -.1 s, the above experimental operation was repeated and the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level measurement value L 'of cold water supply/discharge noise of the face washer, sink or mop pool sample at each microphone position on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c；

(7) For a shower basin type sanitary ware sample, adjusting the test dynamic pressure to be 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, connecting a shower head in a water supply system, adjusting the height of the shower head to enable the water outlet central point of the shower head to be positioned at a position 1000mm +/-50 mm above a sewage outlet, and ensuring that discharged cold/hot water can cover at least half area of the shower basin; opening a sewage outlet, and opening 90L +/-1L of hot water at the temperature of 75 +/-2 ℃ at the flow rate of 0.15L/s +/-0.015L/s; measuring the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of the hot water supply/discharge noise of the shower pan sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the weighting equivalent sound level A of the sound level meter during the period from the moment when the water supply system is started to the moment when the water injection is stopped'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference of the sound pressure level measured 3 times at each position is more than 0.5dB, re-measuring; then, 90L. + -.1L of cold water of 12. + -. 3 ℃ was turned on at the same flow rate, the above experimental operation was repeated and the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L 'of the cold water supply/discharge noise of the shower pan sample at each microphone position on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c；

(8) For the bathtub or massage bathtub sanitary ware sample, the dynamic pressure of the test is adjusted to 0.30MPa +/-0.05 MPa, and the height of a cold and hot water outlet pipe opening of a water supply system is adjusted to be positioned in the overflow of the bathtub or massage bathtubAt least 125mm +/-5 mm above the water level and ensuring that the water level is close to the sewage draining outlet so as to drain water; closing the sewage draining port, opening hot water at 75 +/-2 ℃ at the flow rate of 0.32 +/-0.032L/s, and stopping water injection when the water level is 250 +/-5 mm above the horizontal line of the sewage draining port of the bathtub or the massage bathtub; measuring the cumulative percentage time average sound pressure level L 'of hot water supply/discharge noise of a bathtub or whirlpool sample on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface by using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the weighting equivalent sound level A of the sound level meter until the water supply is stopped from the moment when the water supply system is started'_pAi(ST)(50)hContinuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the hot water supply/drainage noise at the position, recording, and simultaneously recording the actual water injection time; if the difference of the sound pressure level measured 3 times at each position is more than 0.5dB, re-measuring;

then, the water was drained off, the above experimental operation was repeated using cold water of 12 ℃. + -. 3 ℃ and the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level measurement L 'of cold water supply/drain noise of the bathtub or whirlpool sample at each microphone position on the selected parallelepiped measuring surface was recorded'_pAi(ST)(50)c(ii) a Before a water supply system of a massage bathtub sample is started, all electric pumps are started, all nozzles are opened, and an air regulating valve is opened to enable the water spraying force of the nozzles to be maximum;

(9) setting the integration time of the sound level meter audio signal acquisition according to the actual water injection time of the face washer, the washing tank, the mop pool, the shower tray, the bathtub or the massage bathtub sanitary ware sample recorded in the test; determination of the cumulative percentage time-averaged sound pressure level L of the background noise on selected parallelepiped measuring surfaces using the slow time weighting characteristic "S" of the A-weighted equivalent sound level of the sound level meter_pAi(B)(50)Continuously measuring for 3 times at each microphone position, taking the arithmetic mean value as the sound pressure level measurement value of the background noise at the position and recording; if the difference between the sound pressure levels measured 3 times at each location is greater than 0.5dB, the measurements are re-measured and recorded.

5. The method for detecting plumbing/drainage noise of a plumbing fixture of claim 1, wherein the evaluating the result is performed by the steps of: