CN110160631A - A weighted acoustic power level mensuration detects sanitary ware to the method for/draining noise - Google Patents

A weighted acoustic power level mensuration detects sanitary ware to the method for/draining noise Download PDF

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CN110160631A
CN110160631A CN201810481857.8A CN201810481857A CN110160631A CN 110160631 A CN110160631 A CN 110160631A CN 201810481857 A CN201810481857 A CN 201810481857A CN 110160631 A CN110160631 A CN 110160631A
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sample
sound
sanitary ware
noise
water
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CN110160631B (en
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李文杰
周波
严家庆
郝秋伟
李丽华
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
    • G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of sanitary wares to/draining noise detection method, and detecting step includes: sample installation and debugging；Sound source reference body and parallelepiped measurement surface determine；Sound-pressure-level measurement；Acoustic power level calculates and ambient noise, test environment are gentle as condition is corrected；Evaluation of result；Its special feature is that: parallelepiped is measured on surface with cumulative percent acoustic power level L using the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meterWA(50)The sanitary ware of characterization is to/accurate the quantitative detection of draining noise progress.Present invention provide that under specific flow velocity and water temperature condition on parallelepiped measurement surface sanitary ware to/draining noise and the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of ambient noisepAi(ST)(50)h、L′pAi(ST)(50)cAnd LpAi(B)(50)It is measured；Calculate its acoustic power level L in a complete cold cycling water injection cycleWA(50), and evaluation of result foundation is provided.The present invention has filled up sanitary ware to/draining noise detection technique field blank, realizes the science of method and the comparativity of result, product quality can be improved for associated production enterprise, environmental protection administration promotes law enforcement effect and provides detection technique support.

Description

A weighted acoustic power level mensuration detects sanitary ware to the method for/draining noise
Technical field
The present invention relates to noise quantitative measuring method, specifically a kind of slow time using sound level meter A weighted equivalent sound level Character of weighting " S " measures on surface with cumulative percent acoustic power level L parallelepipedWA(50)The sanitary ware of characterization to/ The method that draining noise is detected belongs to sanitary ware physicochemical property detection technique field.
Background technique
Biological study shows that environmental noise on human body has and significantly affects: when noise is greater than 45dB (A), will affect and sleeps It sleeps；When noise is greater than 55dB (A), mood will be caused uneasy；Noise will reduce study and work efficiency when being greater than 75dB (A)；It makes an uproar When sound is greater than 90dB (A), provisional Hearing Threshold Shift will be caused；When greater than 140dB (A), ear acute trauma will lead to.Along with people Safety and environmental protection consciousness enhancing, polluted and closed by various circles of society by household electrical appliance and the room noise constituted to/drainage system Note.But currently, sanitary ware can be according to without mark to the monitoring of/draining noise.
When the water supply attachment such as tap or electrically-controlled valve is opened suddenly, greatly variation occurs for water velocity, before valve Water hammer caused by pressure change afterwards vibrates water supply line, generates noise；In water supply network especially Hot-water pipeline system, the air being dissolved in water flow can drop under stress gradually to be released when increasing with temperature, and in pipeline In and top constantly gather, eventually form air mass, cause pipeline because local pressure impacts generate judder, formed cavitation erosion make an uproar Sound.In addition, water flow is by hitting when water flow flows to the sanitary wares such as wash basin, shower tray under ductwork pressure and gravity Bottom and the side wall for hitting drop pan, certainly will generate the noise of some strength.Noise has all characteristics of Acoustic Wave Propagation, wherein with Sanitary ware tests closely related propagation characteristic to/draining noise and is the directive property of sound wave, therefore must close in actual measurement Reason setting measuring point is distributed.
Through investigating, sanitary ware generally rinses noise compared with toilet seat to/draining noise and tank for excrement pan water inlet noise is high, and Product category difference is different to/draining noise magnitude range.Currently, sanitary ware gives/draining in Correlative Standard System both at home and abroad Noise detecting method lacks always, affects construction and house decoration quality to a certain extent, restricts sanitary ware Industry further develops.2015, National Standards Commission issued GB 6952-2015 " sanitary ceramics " national standard, clearly to health The noise pollution formed in ceramic product use process limits；Provide that toilet seat rinses the Permissible limit L of noise50≤ 55dB、L10≤65dB.But not specifying above-mentioned technical indicator actually is A weighted surface sound level or acoustic power level；Although the mark " toilet seat rinses noise fest method, and according to GB/T 3768-1996, " acoustic sound pressure method measures noise source to quasi- the 8.6.8 articles explanation Using the simplified method on envelope measurement surface above acoustic power level reflecting surface " require to carry out ", but national standard GB/T 3768 is used as acoustics Basic criterion palpus establishing criteria GB/T 14367 i.e. " the measurement basic standard guide for use of acoustic noise source acoustic power level " makes With the scope of application is only limited to the noise testing specification indicated with acoustic power level establishment and provides general principle, is only provided different The basic demand that all kinds of correlated noise test specifications are formulated under the conditions of environment and accuracy, is not related to the particular technique of noise testing It is required that and method and step；Because the standard content profundity is abstract, hard to understand, therefore it is difficult to be directly applied to toilet seat flushing and makes an uproar Sound measurement, the more complicated sanitary ware of leisure opinion sample installation and operation condition are to/draining noise detection.
2016, (2016) No. 68 Wen Yinfa " consumer goods standard and increased quality planning (2016-2020 were sent out by the Office of the State Council Year) ", bathroom ceramics are listed in the major products field of increased quality；Bathroom ceramics novel standard system will be built, promotes to force The coordination coordinated and structure optimization of property standard and voluntary standard are included in major tasks scope.It therefore, is reinforcing patented technology pair The supporting role of method standard development, it would be highly desirable to study sanitary ware to the detection method patent of/draining noise, the present invention patent For pushing China's bathroom ceramics and the promotion of sanitary ware product quality, the domestic and international related fields market order of specification, power is given China's sanitary ware industrial transformation upgrading etc. has certain realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of slow time weighted using sound level meter A weighted equivalent sound level is special Property " S " to parallelepiped measurement surface on cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)The sanitary ware of characterization is to/draining noise The method detected is able to solve sanitary ware to/draining noise or even the accurate quantitative test problem of toilet stool washing noise.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
The detection method of a kind of sanitary ware to/draining noise, comprising: (1) sample installation and debugging；(2) sound source benchmark Body and parallelepiped measurement surface determine；(3) sound-pressure-level measurement；(4) acoustic power level calculate and ambient noise, test environment and Meteorological condition amendment；(5) evaluation；It is characterized in that, being counted under specific flow velocity and water temperature condition using sound level meter A The slow time character of weighting " S " of equivalent sound level is weighed in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle, to cumulative percent sound Power stage LWA(50)The sanitary ware of characterization is specific to the/accurate quantitative detection of draining noise progress:
In sound-pressure-level measurement:
According to GB/T 3767-2016, " acoustic sound pressure method measures close above Sound Power Level of Noise Source harmony energy level reflecting surface Like the engineering method of free field " in relevant regulations for sanitary ware sample installation requirement determine sound under the conditions of the different planes of reflection The positioning of source reference body simultaneously calculates its sound source characteristics size d0；Selection is corresponding to/draining noise source reference body with sanitary ware Parallelepiped measurement surface and be really sized, specify different measurement surfaces microphone position coordinate.In semi-anechoic room or In reverberation chamber, the time of integration of sound signal acquisition is determined according to the practical water injection cycle of sanitary ware sample to be measured, using sound level Ambient noise is accumulative on slow time character of weighting " S " the measurement selected parallelepiped measurement surface of meter A weighted equivalent sound level Percentage time average sound pressure level LpAi(B)(50).Then, under the test dynamic pressure of 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa, referring to both at home and abroad Universal test condition requirement in related sanitary sanitary ware standard, chooses the samples such as wash basin, sink, mop pool, shower tray, bathtub Specific region rushes drop point as cold/hot water near sewage draining exit, the corresponding height for setting water system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth and shower Degree.Under different flow velocitys and water temperature test condition, cold/hot water water system is opened；With a complete cold cycling water filling The time of integration that period acquires as sound signal measures using the slow time character of weighting " S " of sound level meter A weighted equivalent sound level Sanitary ware sample cold/hot water is averaged sound to the cumulative percent time of/draining noise on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Arbitrarily downgrade L 'pAi(ST)(50)c、L′pAi(ST)(50)hAnd it records；
In acoustic power level calculating:
It is dynamic in the test water of 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa according to related notion and calculation formula in GB/T 3767-2016 Under pressure and specific flow velocity and water temperature test condition, by sound level meter in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle selected The sanitary ware sample cold/hot water that measures is tired to the A weighted of/draining noise and ambient noise on parallelepiped measurement surface Count percentage time average sound pressure level L 'pAi(ST)(50)c、L′pAi(ST)(50)hAnd LpAi(B)(50)As basic data, it is corresponding to calculate it Time average sound pressure level mean valueWithAnd to background noise modification value K1A, test Environment Correction Value K2AAnd meteorological condition correction value C1、C2Influence analyzed.It is derived from specific flow velocity and water Under the conditions of temperature, A weighted accumulative hundred of each sanitary ware sample to/draining noise in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle Score acoustic power level LWA(50)And every group of sample is to the average value of/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power levelTogether When the clearly corresponding data revision of the convention require and uncertainty of measurement range；
In evaluation of result:
When some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)3 samples are organized to/row greater than this Water noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10% when, extract one group of sample weight again Multiple experiment；The two groups of sanitary ware samples in front and back are calculated to measure through parallelepiped measurement surface method to accumulative the hundred of/draining noise Score acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueIf some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent sound function Rate grade LWA(50)Greater than this two groups of 6 samples to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10%, then abandon it；Take remaining sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50) Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueAs this group of sanitary ware sample to the evaluation index of/draining noise.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, compared with prior art, beneficial effect is:
(1) advanced: in semi-anechoic room or reverberation chamber acoustic enviroment, by applying modern precision instrument --- sound level meter A weighted equivalent sound level slow time character of weighting " S " to parallelepiped measurement surface microphone position array background make an uproar It sound and is measured to/draining noise, is a transient process in view of the starting of sanitary ware water supply pattern, taking correctly to reflect It is on the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level L of human psychological and physiological influenceWA(50)As subjective assessment parameter；Detection technique Have certain advance, reached the modernization that sanitary ware is detected to/draining noise, for the precision for realizing testing result Necessary hardware foundation is established.
(2) scientific: in following GB/T 3767-2016 on the basis of acoustics versatility directive/guide, to be based on liquid unstable state Flowing causes the discontinuous feature of noise, for sanitary ware to/draining noise mechanism of production and route of transmission, according to envelope sound Source test philosophy establishes parallelepiped measurement surface acoustical model；Comprehensive analysis background noise, environment and meteorological condition etc. because Influence of the element to testing result, and with civil buildings feedwater piping routine work pressure limit and domestic and international related sanitary sanitary ware mark Measurement result under the conditions of quasi- universal test is used as to/draining noise evaluation index, meet sanitary ware real use state and Consumer's focus improves the science of detection method.
(3) normative: test result to be evaluated according to national requirements for environmental protection and target level of product quality, related instrument is set Standby, sound source reference body, measurement surface, calculation formula etc. technical requirements are referring to China's Basic of Acoustics standard GB/T 3767- Respective specified in 2016；And the structural diagrams of applicable reference body and parallelepiped measurement surface are provided, it specifies simultaneously The series of key techniques contents such as sample installation, measuring point coordinate, measuring process, calculation formula, uncertainty, evaluation of result, energy Enough realize sanitary ware to the quantification of/draining noise testing result.
(4) perspective: to be directed to current indoor noise pollution monitoring requirements and sanitary ware industrial transformation developing direction, this is specially The sanitary ware that benefit is researched and developed using integrated innovation mode marks ISO 3744:2010's according to adopting to/draining noise detection method " acoustic sound pressure method measures the work of proximate freedom field above Sound Power Level of Noise Source harmony energy level reflecting surface to GB/T 3767-2016 Journey method " in the measuring principle in relation to A weighted acoustic power level, can effectively fill up domestic and international correlation detection technology field blank, and will Sanitary ware is improved to/draining noise measurement result accuracy to 2 grades, therefore is technically had certain perspective.
(5) accuracy: using high degree of automation, technologically advanced maturation sound level meter as test equipment, using three The evaluation result of sanitary ware sample determines conclusion as final；It chooses under different in flow rate and water temperature condition, the specific time of integration The slow time character of weighting " S " of the interior A weighted equivalent sound level using sound level meter through parallelepiped measurement surface method measure to/ The cumulative percent acoustic power level L of draining noiseWA(50)As correlated results evaluation index；By to ambient noise, test wrapper The influence factors such as border, meteorological condition are modified, and are determined the cumulative effect of uncertainty in measurement process comprehensively, be can effectively avoid Measurement error.
(6) innovative: for pressure of supply water to sanitary ware to the influence of/draining noise, according to civil buildings feed pipe Road working pressure range and domestic and international related sanitary sanitary ware standard universal test condition；It chooses under different in flow rate and water temperature condition, A weighted in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle on parallelepiped measurement surface to/draining noise adds up percentage Number acoustic power level LWA(50)Evaluation of result index as each sanitary ware sample；And clear sample is installed and commissioning requirements, leads to It crosses and limits ambient noise at each measuring point coordinate and the measurement frequency and data processing to/draining noise, improve testing result Accuracy and representativeness can effectively fill up the blank of presently relevant the field of test technology.
(7) operability: sound level meter is cheap, is widely used, the installation of sample as defined in the method for the present invention, debugging and one Serial experiment is easy to operation；Related test parameter, measurement surface, measuring point array, testing procedure, calculation formula, at data Reason, describing clearly for technology contents of evaluation criterion etc. and it is specific, correlation graph illustrates intuitive and accurate, is easy to this patent The understanding and grasp of method may advantageously facilitate the transfer conversion of achievement so that patent working process has stronger operability And popularization and application.
(8) universality: being based on above-mentioned advantage, and the method for the present invention has stronger practicability, be conducive to expand inspection, Grind, produce the popularization and application of all circles；Be conducive to support sanitary ware to/draining noise detection technique realization generalization, while can be right Toilet seat, squatting pan, the flushing noise of urinal and tank for excrement pan accessory, to products such as/drainage pipelines in use Generated noise and its detection technique research provide reference.
Further, preferred embodiment of the invention is:
The sample installation and debugging, carry out in the steps below:
(1) by 3 classifications of same manufacturer and batch, specification, size, the identical wash basin of material, sink, drag The sanitary wares sample such as cloth pond or shower tray, bathtub is as one group；
(2) with reference in national standard GB 26730-2011 " sanitary ware closet gravity flush device and sanitary ware rack " the 5.5 regulations, sanitary ware rack of the preparation comprising components such as frames, water-drainage tube part and fixing fittings, are used for fixed station The samples such as basin and sink under basin, platform.Sanitary ware sample to be measured or gantry base are placed on elastic fluid, sample copy is removed Body must not add any vibration isolation measure outside requiring；
(3) cold/hot water supply system pressure of supply water is adjusted between (0.05~0.55) MPa, in the dynamic pressure of 60kPa Under, flow is not less than 11.4L/min and water supply flow is adjusted；Wherein hot water supply system be capable of providing (70 ± 2) DEG C~ The hot water of (90 ± 2) DEG C, cooling water supply system are capable of providing the cold water of (12 ± 3) DEG C~(15 ± 2) DEG C.After debugging, cold/hot water The flow velocity and water temperature of supply system can satisfy this patent test requirements document, and water supply device and drainage pipeline must not be to test environment spokes Penetrate a large amount of sound energy；
(4) water supplying pipe is shower stainless steel flexible hose, and wherein internal diameter is used in wash basin, sink and mop pool test The hose for being 22mm with internal diameter for the hose of 10mm, bathtub test；High temperature pressure, room temperature flow and the cold cycling performance of hose Meet Europe superscript EN 1113-2015 " hose for shower head sanitary ware water system generic specifications " related request；
(5) wash basin, sink and bathtub are equipped with overflow hole, according to 8.6.6 in GB 6952-2015 " sanitary ceramics " Item regulation, which is treated, surveys wash basin and the progress overflow test of sink sample, keeps 5min without overflow.Hand-held can be used in shower tray Or fixed shower, security performance, sealing performance and maximum stream flow meet national standard GB/T 23447-2009 " sanitary ware leaching Bath shower " related request；
(6) test cabinet has condition of power supply and output power meets message bathtub sample requirement to be measured, right before test Message bathtub sample carries out elimination run adjustment, it is ensured that electric pump works well, no abnormal sound and abnormal vibrations, and nozzle spray is normal.It presses Message bathtub sample is carried out according to the 5.4.2.1 articles and the 5.4.2.3 articles regulation in QB 2585-2007 " water spraying massage bathtub " Ne-leakage after seal tightness test, normal temperate water circle system and hot water cyclesystem operation 10min；
It (7) for installation, can be directly by sample to be tested or sanitary ware not close to the sanitary ware sample of any sidewalls when Rack is placed on test flooring, the sample bottom that wherein basin and sink etc. are fixed using sanitary ware rack under basin, platform on platform Height of the portion apart from ground is 500mm, and distance is not less than 1.0m to any one side between the walls in sample and test cabinet；And really It protects normal to/drain function.For the sanitary ware sample close to wall installation, directly sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack can be pacified It is put on test flooring, the sample distance from bottom that wherein basin and sink etc. are fixed using sanitary ware rack under basin, platform on platform The height on ground is 500mm；Make distance 15cm ± 5cm between the sample back side and leaned on perpendicular walls reflecting surface, and ensures it Distance is not less than 1.5m between its indoor excess-three sidewalls；Guarantee simultaneously normal to/drain function.For being installed close to corner Sanitary ware sample, can directly by sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack be placed in test flooring on, wherein on platform under basin, platform Basin and sink etc. are 500mm using the height on the fixed sample distance from bottom ground of sanitary ware rack；Make the sample back side and side Distance is 15cm ± 5cm between two neighbouring perpendicular walls reflectings surface, it is ensured that its with indoor in addition two sides between the walls away from From not less than 1.5m；Guarantee simultaneously normal to/drain function.
The determination on the sound source reference body and parallelepiped measurement surface, carries out in the steps below:
(1) determination of the sanitary ware to/draining noise source reference body shape and size: according to GB/T 3767-2016 " sound Learn the engineering method of proximate freedom field above sound pressure method measurement Sound Power Level of Noise Source harmony energy level reflecting surface " in the 7.1st article of phase Regulation is closed, is set using positions and dimensions of the three-dimensional coordinate system to sound source reference body；With sound source reference body and its in phase The center of the formed cabinet of mirror image on the adjacent plane of reflection as coordinate origin O, trunnion axis x and y respectively with the length of reference body and It is wide parallel.Using the horizontal width of sanitary ware sample to be measured as the length l of sound source reference body1, using its horizontal length as sound source The width l of reference body2, using the vertical range of cold/hot water supply system effluent pipe mouth or gondola water faucet water outlet central point to ground as sound The height l of source reference body3；For different test environment conditions, the characteristic size d of sound source reference body0Respectively [(l1/2)2+(l2/ 2)2+l3 2]1/2(plane of reflection), [l1 2+(l2/2)2+l3 2]1/2(two planes of reflection) and [l1 2+l2 2+l3 2]1/2(three The plane of reflection), unit is rice (m)；
(2) determination of parallelepiped measurement surface and its microphone position array: according to standard GB/T 3767-2016 In the 7.2.4 articles and the 8.1.2 articles relevant regulations, test parallelepiped measurement surface used with sound source reference body with identical The coordinate origin and face shaping in orientation, i.e. area be S, envelope sanitary ware to be measured to/draining noise source, each side is parallel to base The side of quasi- body and an imaginary parallelepiped for being d with reference body distance, wherein d >=1.0m.
Not close to any sidewalls when such as sanitary ware sample to be measured installation, then the 1st on parallelepiped measurement surface At~9 microphone positions coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (a, 0,0.5c), (0, b, 0.5c), (- a, 0,0.5c), (0 ,-b, 0.5c), (a, b, c), (- a, b, c), (- a ,-b, c), (a ,-b, c), (0,0, c)；Area S=4 (ab+bc+ca), wherein a= 0.5l1+ d, b=0.5l2+ d, c=l3+d；l1、l2、l3The respectively length and width and height of sound source reference body；Measure distance d=1.0m. If sanitary ware sample to be measured is mounted against a wall, then coordinate at the 1st~6 microphone position on parallelepiped measurement surface (x, y, It z) is respectively (2a, 0,0.5c), (a, b, 0.5c), (a ,-b, 0.5c), (2a, b, c), (2a ,-b, c), (a, 0, c)；Area S =2 (2ab+bc+2ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ 0.5d, b=0.5l2+ d, c=l3+d；l1、l2、l3Respectively sound source reference body Length (distance from wall to front end face), wide and high；Measure distance d=1.0m.As sanitary ware sample to be measured is pacified by corner Dress, then on parallelepiped measurement surface at the 1st~4 microphone position coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (2a ,-b, 0.5c), (a ,- 2b, 0.5c), (2a, -2b, c), (a, b, c)；Area S=2 (2ab+bc+ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ 0.5d, b=0.5l2+ 0.5d, c=l3+d；Wherein l1、l2、l3The respectively length and width of sound source reference body and height (the long l of reference body1With wide l2, i.e., from two Distance of the face wall to corresponding reference body opposite face)；Measure distance d=1.0m.
The sound-pressure-level measurement carries out in the steps below:
(1) in addition to retaining the necessary experimental apparatus such as 1 sanitary ware sample and tripod to be measured, by its excess in test cabinet Product are all moved away from, and must not have supernumerary on the scene in test cabinet；Experimental implementation person must not dress the clothing of obvious sound absorption characteristics； Using through assay approval thermometer and barometer to testing indoor air themperature and atmospheric pressure is measured and records；
(2) sanitary ware sample is carried out measuring its size with straight steel ruler and square first to before the test of/draining noise l1、l2、l3And it records；According to the quantity of the plane of reflection involved by sample mounting means, the space orientation of sound source reference body and meter are determined Calculate its characteristic size d0；The applicable parallelepiped envelope sound source measurement surface of selection simultaneously calculates its specific dimensions a, b, c；It presses According to the microphone position array on selected parallelepiped measurement surface, calculates each measuring point coordinate and record；
(3) 1 type instrument requirements in GB/T 3785.1-2010 should be met by measuring sound level meter used, and the re-testing periods are no more than 2 Year；Filter meets 1 type instrument requirements in IEC 61260:1995, and calibration cycle is no more than 1 year.Before each on-test and tie Shu Hou, using meeting one of the acoustic calibrator of 1 grade of accuracy requirement in GB/T 15173 within the scope of sound level meter measurement frequency It is verified in a or multiple frequencies；It reads difference and is not more than 0.5dB；
(4) sanitary ware can be semi-anechoic room or reverberation chamber to/draining noise test cabinet, it is ensured that test cabinet is interior using sky Between volume meet sanitary ware sample installation requirement to be measured, and have needed for test to/drainage condition, test water it is dynamic Pressure, flow velocity and temperature adjustable；Wherein background noise is not more than 16dB (A) in semi-anechoic room, is capable of providing above reflecting surface The acoustic condition of proximate freedom field, re-testing periods are no more than 5 years；Background noise is not more than 25dB (A) in reverberation chamber, when reverberation Between within the scope of 5s~6s；
(5) in the test cabinet for meeting above-mentioned requirements, the microphone position battle array on surface is measured according to selected parallelepiped Column, position each measuring point coordinate；Tripod is moved at point position and will be provided with the sound of associated acoustic performance simultaneously Grade meter is placed in its top holder, it is ensured that sound wave incident angle is identical when the orientation of microphone is calibrated with it and is perpendicularly oriented to measurement table Face；
(6) for wash basin, sink or mop pool class sanitary ware sample, test dynamic pressure is adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa selects arbitrary point in sample sewage draining exit diameter (110 ± 5) region mm as rushing drop point；Adjustment is for water system The height of system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth is located at and rushes above drop point at (80 ± 5) mm.Sewage draining exit is opened, with (0.1 ± 0.01) The flow velocity of L/s opens hot water (90 ± 1) s of (70 ± 2) DEG C, and the moment that confession water system is opened starts timing to water filling is stopped and is Only, in during this period, selected parallelepiped is measured using the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meter Wash basin, sink or mop pool sample hot water are measured on surface to the cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise L′pAi(ST)(50)h, continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to/row The sound-pressure-level measurement value of water noise simultaneously records, while recording practical water injection time；If sound pressure level measured by 3 times at each position Difference be greater than 0.5dB, then re-measure.Then, it with cold water (90 ± 1) s of same flow velocity unlatching (15 ± 2) DEG C, repeats above-mentioned Experimental implementation simultaneously records on selected parallelepiped measurement surface wash basin, sink or mop pool sample at each microphone position Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level measured value L ' of the product cold water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)c；
(7) for the dishware sanitary ware sample that takes a shower, test dynamic pressure is adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa, is being supplied water Connecting sprinkler in system, adjustment shower height are located at its water outlet central point above sewage draining exit at (1000 ± 50) mm, it is ensured that row Cold/hot water out can cover shower tray at least half region.Sewage draining exit is opened, is opened with the flow velocity of (0.15 ± 0.015) L/s Open hot water (90 ± 1) L of (75 ± 2) DEG C；The moment that confession water system is opened starts timing until stopping water filling, during this period It is interior, it measures using the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meter and is drenched on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of the bathtub sample hot water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)h, in each microphone position The continuous measurement in place 3 times takes its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to the sound-pressure-level measurement value of/draining noise and records, Practical water injection time is recorded simultaneously；If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, re-measure.So Afterwards, it with cold water (90 ± 1) L of same flow velocity unlatching (12 ± 3) DEG C, repeats above-mentioned experimental implementation and simultaneously records selected parallel six face Cumulative percent time average sound pressure of the shower tray sample cold water to/draining noise at each microphone position on bulk measurement surface Grade measured value L 'pAi(ST)(50)c；
(8) for bathtub or message bathtub class sanitary ware sample, will test dynamic pressure be adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa adjusts the height of water system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth, is located above bathtub or message bathtub flood level extremely At few (125 ± 5) mm, and ensure it apart from sewage draining exit more closely to drain.Sewage draining exit is closed, with (0.32 ± 0.032) L/s Flow velocity open the hot water of (75 ± 2) DEG C, when water level above bathtub or message bathtub sewage draining exit horizontal line 250mm ± 5mm When stop water filling.The moment that confession water system is opened starts timing until stopping water filling, interior during this period, using sound level meter The slow time character of weighting " S " of A weighted equivalent sound level measures bathtub or message bathtub sample on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of the product hot water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)h, continuous at each microphone position Measurement 3 times takes its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to the sound-pressure-level measurement value of/draining noise and records, remembers simultaneously Record practical water injection time；If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, re-measure.
Then, water is exhausted, the cold water of use (12 ± 3) DEG C repeats above-mentioned experimental implementation, and records selected parallel six face The cumulative percent time of bathtub or message bathtub sample cold water to/draining noise at each microphone position on bulk measurement surface Average sound pressure level measured value L 'pAi(ST)(50)c(message bathtub sample first starts whole electric pumps, opens institute before water system starting There is nozzle, and opening air control valve makes the spray force of nozzle reach maximum)；
(9) according to wash basin, sink, mop pool, shower tray and the bathtub or message bathtub class recorded in above-mentioned test The practical water injection time of sanitary ware sample sets the time of integration of corresponding sound level meter sound signal acquisition；Using the A of sound level meter The slow time character of weighting " S " of weighted equivalent sound level measures the accumulative percentage of ambient noise on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Number time average sound pressure level LpAi(B)(50), continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as the position The sound-pressure-level measurement value of the place's of setting ambient noise simultaneously records.If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, It then re-measures and records；
The acoustic power level calculates, and carries out in the steps below:
(1) calculation formula selects: referring to relevant regulations in GB/T 3767-2016, the calculating of test parameter involved by this patent Formula is as follows:
If △ LpA(50)> 15dB, then without carrying out background noise modification；If 6dB≤△ LpA(50)≤ 15dB, then according to Formula (9) is modified.
K1A=-10lg (1-10-0.1△LpA(50))……………………………………………………(9)
K2A=l0lg (l+4S/A) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (10)
Work as K2AWhen≤4dB, the measurement done according to this patent method is effective；The wherein suction of semi-anechoic room and reverberation chamber room Volume calculation formula is respectively as follows:
A=α Sν………………………………………………………………………(11)
A=0.16V/Tn………………………………………………………………………(12)
LWA ref,atm(50)=LWA(50)+C1+C2………………………………………………………(17)
In formula:
--- in practical water injection cycle, the hot water measured on parallelepiped measurement surface is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit be decibel (dB)；
L′pAi(ST)(50)h--- in practical water injection cycle, surveyed at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position Hot water to the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
NM--- parallelepiped measures the microphone position number on surface；
--- in practical water injection cycle, the cold water measured on parallelepiped measurement surface is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit be decibel (dB)；
L′pAi(ST)(50)c--- in practical water injection cycle, surveyed at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position Cold water to the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
In one complete cold cycling water injection cycle, parallelepiped measurement surface on measure to/row The A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value of water noise, unit are decibel (dB)；
--- in the specific time of integration, the A weighted of the ambient noise measured on parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit are decibel (dB)；
LpAi(B)(50)--- in the specific time of integration, measured at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position Ambient noise A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level, unit be decibel (dB)；
K1A--- background noise modification value；
K2A--- test Environment Correction Value；
S --- parallelepiped measures the area on surface, and unit is square metre (m2)；
A --- in test cabinet at 1kHz frequency room equivalent absorption area, unit be square metre (m2)；
The A weighted average sound absorption coefficient of α --- test cabinet room surface, numberical range is referring to table in GB/T 3767-2016 A.1；
Sν--- the gross area (wall, floor, ceiling) of test cabinet room boundaries, unit are square metre (m2)；
V --- test room volume, unit are cubic meter (m3)；
Tn--- the A weighted measured or frequency band reverberation time, unit are the second (s)；
--- in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle, measured through parallelepiped measurement surface method To the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
LWA(50)--- under testing location and corresponding meteorological condition, each sanitary ware sample is measured through parallelepiped Surface method measure to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level, unit is decibel (dB)；
S0=1m2；
C1--- the function of air characteristics impedance under the meteorological condition in testing time and place；
C2--- standard meteorological conditions will be converted to relative to the practical acoustical power under testing time and place meteorological condition The radiation impedance correction value of lower acoustical power；
ps--- the atmospheric pressure of testing time and place, unit are kPa (kPa)；
ps,0--- standard atmospheric pressure, 101.325kPa；
The air themperature of θ --- testing time and place, unit are degree Celsius (DEG C)；
θ0=314K；
θ1=296K；
LW ref,atm(50)--- under the standard meteorological conditions that atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C, each For sanitary ware sample to the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
--- every group of sanitary ware sample is averaged to the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise Value, unit are decibel (dB)；
LWA(50)1、LWA(50)2、LWA(50)3--- the A weighted cumulative percent sound of every group of sanitary ware sample to/draining noise Power stage, unit are decibel (dB)；
--- under the standard meteorological conditions that atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C, every group is defended For raw sanitary ware sample to the average value of the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
LW ref,atm(50)1、LW ref,atm(50)2、LW ref,atm(50)3--- atmospheric pressure be 101.325kPa, temperature 23.0 DEG C standard meteorological conditions under, every group of three sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level, Unit is decibel (dB)；
(2) data revision of the convention requirement: sanitary ware sample hot water and cold water are to/draining noise and the A weighted of ambient noise Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L 'pAi(ST)(50)h、L′pAi(ST)(50)c、LpAi(B)(50)Measurement result retain decimal point after One effective digital, mean valueWith A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)'s Calculated result round numbers；
(3) uncertainty of measurement: this patent method provides that sanitary ware is to/draining noise on parallelepiped measurement surface The repeatability standard deviation σ of A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level measurement resultomcUpper limit value is not more than 1.5dB.Ginseng Related content in standard GB/T 3767-2016 is examined, in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle, people is tested by same position Member uses same sound level meter, to same parallel six face selected by the same part sanitary ware sample of the same installed position A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level average value on bulk measurement surface6 duplicate measurements are carried out (for every Secondary duplicate measurements, sanitary ware sample must be reinstalled and adjust positioning), and background noise modification is carried out to measurement result.Weight Renaturation standard deviationomcCalculation formula are as follows:
In formula:
--- sanitary ware is to/draining noise jth time duplicate measurements and parallel six face after background noise modification The average value of A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level on bulk measurement surface；
--- the Arithmetical average sound pressure grade being calculated by all repeated measuring results.
The evaluation of result calculates, and carries out in the steps below:
(1) according to national environmental protection specification and products standards requirement, following classification criterion is taken:
To be extremely low to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is excellent；
To be very low to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is good；
To be lower to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is preferable；
To be higher to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is poor；
To be excessively high to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is inferior；
(2) when some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)3 samples are organized greater than this To/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10% when, extract one group of sample again Product repeat to test；Calculate the two groups of sanitary ware samples in front and back measured through parallelepiped measurement surface method it is tired to/draining noise Count percentage acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueIf some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent Acoustic power level LWA(50)Greater than this two groups of 6 samples to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic is flat Mean value10%, then abandon it；Take remaining sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueAs this group of sanitary ware sample to/draining noise evaluation index.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sanitary ware in the present invention on a plane of reflection to/draining noise source reference body schematic diagram；
In figure: d0- sound source characteristics size, m；l1The length of-reference body, m；l2The width of-reference body, m；l3- benchmark The height of body, m；O-coordinate origin；
Fig. 2 is sanitary ware in the present invention on two planes of reflection to/draining noise source reference body schematic diagram；
In figure: d0- sound source characteristics size, m；l1The length of-reference body, m；l2The width of-reference body, m；l3- benchmark The height of body, m；O-coordinate origin；
Fig. 3 is sanitary ware in the present invention on three planes of reflection to/draining noise source reference body schematic diagram；
In figure: d0- sound source characteristics size, m；l1The length of-reference body, m；l2The width of-reference body, m；l3- benchmark The height of body, m；O-coordinate origin；
Fig. 4 is sanitary ware in the present invention on a plane of reflection to the parallelepiped measurement table in/draining noise source Face and its microphone position array schematic diagram；
In figure: ●-microphone position；A-reflecting surface；B-reference body；2a-measurement length surface, m；2b-measurement table Face width, m；C-measurement apparent height, m；D-measurement distance, m；l1- benchmark body length, m；l2- reference body width, m； l3- reference body height, m；
Fig. 5 is sanitary ware in the present invention on two planes of reflection to the parallelepiped measurement table in/draining noise source Face and its microphone position array schematic diagram；
In figure: ●-microphone position；B-reference body；2a-measurement length surface, m；2b-measurement face width, m； C-measurement apparent height, m；D-measurement distance, m；l1- benchmark body length, m；l2- reference body width, m； l3- reference body Highly, m；
Fig. 6 is sanitary ware in the present invention on three planes of reflection to the parallelepiped measurement table in/draining noise source Face and its microphone position array schematic diagram；
In figure: ●-microphone position；B-reference body；2a-measurement length surface, m；2b-measurement face width, m； C-measurement apparent height, m；D-measurement distance, m；l1- benchmark body length, m；l2- reference body width, m； l3- reference body Highly, m；
Fig. 7 is each frequency and its average reverberation time correspondence diagram in reverberation chamber in embodiment；
In figure: abscissa is frequency (Hz), and ordinate is the reverberation time (s).
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention will be described in detail so that advantages and features of the invention energy It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
One group console mode ceramics mop pool sample of the present embodiment to originate from Tangshan to the detection of/draining noise for Explanation.
Specific detection method carries out in the steps below:
(1) sample installation and debugging
1.1 sample sizes, specification
By 3 classifications of same manufacturer and batch, specification, size, the identical wash basin of material, sink, mop The sanitary wares sample such as pond or shower tray, bathtub is as one group.
The installation of 1.2 samples
1.2.2 the installation requirement of sample
With reference to the 5.5th article in national standard GB 26730-2011 " sanitary ware closet gravity flush device and sanitary ware rack " Regulation, sanitary ware rack of the preparation comprising components such as frames, water-drainage tube part and fixing fittings, for basin, platform on fixed station The samples such as lower basin and sink.Sanitary ware sample to be measured or gantry base are placed on elastic fluid, except sample itself is wanted It asks outer, any vibration isolation measure must not be added.
1.2.3 the hydraulic pressure, flow of water system and water temperature requirement
The pressure of supply water of cold/hot water supply system is adjusted between (0.05~0.55) MPa, in the dynamic pressure of 60kPa Under, flow is not less than 11.4L/min and adjustable for water flow velocity；Wherein hot water supply system be capable of providing (70 ± 2) DEG C~ The hot water of (90 ± 2) DEG C, cooling water supply system are capable of providing the cold water of (12 ± 3) DEG C~(15 ± 2) DEG C.After debugging, cold/hot water The flow velocity and water temperature of supply system can satisfy this patent test requirements document, and water supply device and drainage pipeline must not be to test environment spokes Penetrate a large amount of sound energy.
1.2.4 the material, size and performance requirement of water supplying pipe
Water supplying pipe is shower stainless steel flexible hose, and wherein wash basin, sink and mop pool test is with internal diameter The hose of 10mm, bathtub test make the hose of internal diameter 22mm；High temperature pressure, room temperature flow and the cold cycling performance symbol of hose Close EN 1113-2015 Europe superscript " hose for shower head sanitary ware water system generic specifications " related request.
1.2.5 the overflow performance test of wash basin, sink
Wash basin, sink and bathtub are equipped with overflow hole, according to the 8.6.6 articles in GB 6952-2015 " sanitary ceramics " After regulation carries out overflow test to wash basin to be measured and sink sample, 5min should be kept without overflow.Shower tray can be used hand-held Formula or fixed shower, security performance, sealing performance and maximum stream flow meet national standard GB/T 23447-2009 " sanitary ware Gondola water faucet for shower " related request.
1.2.6 the elimination run and sealing requirements of message bathtub
Have condition of power supply in test cabinet and output power meets message bathtub sample requirement to be measured, to pressing before test The bathtub sample that rubs carries out elimination run adjustment, it is ensured that electric pump works well, no abnormal sound and abnormal vibrations, and each nozzle spray is normal.It presses Message bathtub sample is carried out according to the 5.4.2.1 articles and the 5.4.2.3 articles regulation in QB 2585-2007 " water spraying massage bathtub " Ne-leakage after seal tightness test, normal temperate water circle system and hot water cyclesystem operation 10min.
1.3 Sample location
It, can be directly by sample to be tested or clean not close to the sanitary ware sample of any sidewalls when 1.3.1 for installation Tool rack is placed on test flooring, the sample that wherein basin and sink etc. are fixed using sanitary ware rack under basin, platform on platform The height on distance from bottom ground is 500mm, and distance is not less than 1.0m to any one side between the walls in sample and test cabinet；And Ensure normal to/drain function.
1.3.2 for the sanitary ware sample close to wall installation, directly sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack can be placed in It tests on flooring, the sample distance from bottom ground that wherein basin and sink etc. are fixed using sanitary ware rack under basin, platform on platform Height be 500mm；Make distance 15cm ± 5cm between the sample back side and leaned on perpendicular walls reflecting surface, and ensures itself and room Distance is not less than 1.5m between its interior excess-three sidewalls；Guarantee simultaneously normal to/drain function.
1.3.3 for the sanitary ware sample close to corner installation, directly sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack can be placed in It tests on flooring, the sample distance from bottom ground that wherein basin and sink etc. are fixed using sanitary ware rack under basin, platform on platform Height be 500mm；Make distance 15cm ± 5cm between the sample back side and side and two neighbouring perpendicular walls reflectings surface, Ensure that distance is not less than 1.5m between the walls with indoor in addition two sides for it；Guarantee simultaneously normal to/drain function.
(2) determination on sound source reference body and parallelepiped measurement surface
Shape and size of 2.1 sanitary wares to/draining noise source reference body
According to GB/T 3767-2016, " acoustic sound pressure method measures close above Sound Power Level of Noise Source harmony energy level reflecting surface Like the engineering method of free field " in the 7.1st article of relevant regulations, using three-dimensional coordinate system to the positions and dimensions of sound source reference body into Row setting；The center of the formed cabinet of mirror image using sound source reference body and its in neighboring reflection plane is as coordinate origin O, water Flat axis x and y is parallel with the length of reference body and width respectively.Using the horizontal width of sanitary ware sample to be measured as sound source reference body Length l1, using its horizontal length as the width l of sound source reference body2, in cold/hot water supply system effluent pipe mouth or gondola water faucet water outlet The vertical range on heart point to ground is the height l of sound source reference body3；For different test environment conditions, the spy of sound source reference body Levy size d0Respectively [(l1/2)2+(l2/2)2+l3 2]1/2(plane of reflection), [l1 2+(l2/2)2+l3 2]1/2(two reflections Plane) and [l1 2+l2 2+l3 2]1/2(three planes of reflection), unit are rice (m).
2.2 parallelepipeds measure the selection on surface and the determination of microphone position array
According to the 7.2.4 articles and the 8.1.2 articles relevant regulations in standard GB/T 3767-2016, parallel six face used is tested Bulk measurement surface and sound source reference body have the coordinate origin and face shaping of same orientation, i.e. area is S, envelope health to be measured Sanitary ware to/draining noise source, it is each while be parallel to reference body while and with reference body distance be d imaginary parallel six face Body, wherein d >=1.0m.
2.2.1 as positioned when sanitary ware sample to be measured installation according to the 1.4.1 articles in the present embodiment, then parallel six On the bulk measurement surface of face at the 1st~9 microphone position coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (a, 0,0.5c), (0, b, 0.5c), (- a, 0,0.5c), (0 ,-b, 0.5c), (a, b, c), (- a, b, c), (- a ,-b, c), (a ,-b, c), (0,0, c)；Area S=4 (ab+ Bc+ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ d, b=0.5l2+ d, c=l3+d；l1、 l2、l3The respectively length and width and height of sound source reference body； Measure distance d=1.0m.
2.2.2 as positioned when sanitary ware sample to be measured installation according to the 1.4.2 articles in the present embodiment, then parallel six On the bulk measurement surface of face at the 1st~6 microphone position coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (2a, 0,0.5c), (a, b, 0.5c), (a ,- B, 0.5c), (2a, b, c), (2a ,-b, c), (a, 0, c)；Area S=2 (2ab+bc+2ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ 0.5d, b= 0.5l2+ d, c=l3+d；l1、l2、l3The respectively length (distance from wall to front end face) of sound source reference body, wide and height；Measurement Distance d=1.0m.
2.2.3 as positioned when sanitary ware sample to be measured installation according to the 1.4.3 articles in the present embodiment, then parallel six On the bulk measurement surface of face at the 1st~4 microphone position coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (2a,-b, 0.5c), (a, -2b, 0.5c), (2a, -2b, c), (a, b, c)；Area S=2 (2ab+bc+ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ 0.5d, b=0.5l2+ 0.5d, c=l3+ d；Wherein l1、l2、l3The respectively length and width of sound source reference body and height (the long l of reference body1With wide l2, i.e., from two face walls to corresponding base The distance of quasi- body opposite face)；Measure distance d=1.0m.
(3) sound-pressure-level measurement
3.1 in addition to retaining the necessary experimental apparatus such as 1 sanitary ware sample and tripod to be measured, by its excess in test cabinet Product are all moved away from, and must not have supernumerary on the scene in test cabinet；Experimental implementation person must not dress the clothing of obvious sound absorption characteristics； Using through assay approval thermometer and barometer to testing indoor air themperature and atmospheric pressure is measured and records.
3.2 pairs of sanitary ware samples carry out measuring its size with straight steel ruler and square first to before the test of/draining noise l1、l2、l3And it records；According to the quantity of the plane of reflection involved by sample mounting means, the space orientation of sound source reference body and meter are determined Calculate its characteristic size d0；The applicable parallelepiped envelope sound source measurement surface of selection simultaneously calculates its specific dimensions a, b, c；It presses According to the microphone position array on selected parallelepiped measurement surface, calculates each measuring point coordinate and record.
3.3, which measure sound level meter used, should meet 1 type instrument requirements in GB/T 3785.1-2010, and the re-testing periods are no more than 2 Year；Filter meets 1 type instrument requirements in IEC 61260:1995, and calibration cycle is no more than 1 year.Before each on-test and tie Shu Hou, using meeting one of the acoustic calibrator of 1 grade of accuracy requirement in GB/T 15173 within the scope of sound level meter measurement frequency It is verified in a or multiple frequencies；It reads difference and is not more than 0.5dB.
3.4 sanitary wares can be semi-anechoic room or reverberation chamber to/draining noise test cabinet, it is ensured that test cabinet is interior using sky Between volume meet sanitary ware sample installation requirement to be measured, and have needed for test to/drainage condition, test water it is dynamic Pressure, flow velocity and temperature adjustable；Wherein background noise is not more than 16dB (A) in semi-anechoic room, is capable of providing above reflecting surface The acoustic condition of proximate freedom field, re-testing periods are no more than 5 years；Background noise is not more than 25dB (A) in reverberation chamber, when reverberation Between within the scope of 5s~6s.
3.5 in the test cabinet for meeting above-mentioned requirements, and the microphone position battle array on surface is measured according to selected parallelepiped Column, position each measuring point coordinate；Tripod is moved at point position and will be provided with the sound of associated acoustic performance simultaneously Grade meter is placed in its top holder, it is ensured that sound wave incident angle is identical when the orientation of microphone is calibrated with it and is perpendicularly oriented to measurement table Face.
3.6 are adjusted to 0.30MPa for wash basin, sink or mop pool class sanitary ware sample, by test dynamic pressure ± 0.05MPa selects arbitrary point in sample sewage draining exit diameter (110 ± 5) region mm as rushing drop point；Adjustment is for water system The height of system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth is located at and rushes above drop point at (80 ± 5) mm.Sewage draining exit is opened, with (0.1 ± 0.01) The flow velocity of L/s opens hot water (90 ± 1) s of (70 ± 2) DEG C, and the moment that confession water system is opened starts timing to water filling is stopped and is Only, in during this period, selected parallelepiped is measured using the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meter Wash basin, sink or mop pool sample hot water are measured on surface to the cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise L′pAi(ST)(50)h, continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to/row The sound-pressure-level measurement value of water noise simultaneously records, while recording practical water injection time；If sound pressure level measured by 3 times at each position Difference be greater than 0.5dB, then re-measure.Then, it with cold water (90 ± 1) s of same flow velocity unlatching (15 ± 2) DEG C, repeats above-mentioned Experimental implementation simultaneously records on selected parallelepiped measurement surface wash basin, sink or mop pool sample at each microphone position Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level measured value L ' of the product cold water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)c。
3.7 are adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa for the dishware sanitary ware sample that takes a shower, by test dynamic pressure, are supplying water Connecting sprinkler in system, adjustment shower height are located at its water outlet central point above sewage draining exit at (1000 ± 50) mm, it is ensured that row Cold/hot water out can cover shower tray at least half region.Sewage draining exit is opened, is opened with the flow velocity of (0.15 ± 0.015) L/s Open hot water (90 ± 1) L of (75 ± 2) DEG C；The moment that confession water system is opened starts timing until stopping water filling, during this period It is interior, it measures using the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meter and is drenched on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of the bathtub sample hot water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)h, in each microphone position The continuous measurement in place 3 times takes its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to the sound-pressure-level measurement value of/draining noise and records, Practical water injection time is recorded simultaneously；If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, re-measure.So Afterwards, it with cold water (90 ± 1) L of same flow velocity unlatching (12 ± 3) DEG C, repeats above-mentioned experimental implementation and simultaneously records selected parallel six face Cumulative percent time average sound pressure of the shower tray sample cold water to/draining noise at each microphone position on bulk measurement surface Grade measured value L 'pAi(ST)(50)c。
3.8 for bathtub or message bathtub class sanitary ware sample, will test dynamic pressure be adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa adjusts the height of water system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth, is located above bathtub or message bathtub flood level extremely At few (125 ± 5) mm, and ensure it apart from sewage draining exit more closely to drain.Sewage draining exit is closed, with (0.32 ± 0.032) L/s Flow velocity open the hot water of (75 ± 2) DEG C, when water level above bathtub or message bathtub sewage draining exit horizontal line 250mm ± 5mm When stop water filling.The moment that confession water system is opened starts timing until stopping water filling, interior during this period, using sound level meter The slow time character of weighting " S " of A weighted equivalent sound level measures bathtub or message bathtub sample on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of the product hot water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)h, continuous at each microphone position Measurement 3 times takes its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to the sound-pressure-level measurement value of/draining noise and records, remembers simultaneously Record practical water injection time；If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, re-measure.
Then, water is exhausted, the cold water of use (12 ± 3) DEG C repeats above-mentioned experimental implementation, and records selected parallel six face The cumulative percent time of bathtub or message bathtub sample cold water to/draining noise at each microphone position on bulk measurement surface Average sound pressure level measured value L 'pAi(ST)(50)c(message bathtub sample first starts whole electric pumps, opens institute before water system starting There is nozzle, and opening air control valve makes the spray force of nozzle reach maximum).
3.9 according to wash basin, sink, mop pool, shower tray and the bathtub or message bathtub class recorded in above-mentioned test The practical water injection time of sanitary ware sample sets the time of integration of corresponding sound level meter sound signal acquisition；Using the A of sound level meter The slow time character of weighting " S " of weighted equivalent sound level measures the accumulative percentage of ambient noise on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Number time average sound pressure level LpAi(B)(50), continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as the position The sound-pressure-level measurement value of the place's of setting ambient noise simultaneously records.If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, It then re-measures and records.
(4) result calculates
The selection of 4.1 calculation formula: relevant regulations in GB/T 3767-2016, the meter of test parameter involved by the present embodiment are referred to It is as follows to calculate formula:
If △ LpA(50)> 15dB, then without carrying out background noise modification；If 6dB≤△ LpA(50)≤ 15dB, then according to Formula (9) is modified.
K1A=-10lg (1-10-0.1△LpA(50))……………………………………………………(9)
K2A=l0lg (l+4S/A) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (10)
Work as K2AWhen≤4dB, the measurement done according to this patent method is effective；The wherein suction of semi-anechoic room and reverberation chamber room Volume calculation formula is respectively as follows:
A=α Sν………………………………………………………………………(11)
A=0.16V/Tn……………………………………………………………………(12)
LWA ref,atm(50)=LWA(50)+C1+C2………………………………………………………(17)
In formula:
--- in practical water injection cycle, the hot water measured on parallelepiped measurement surface is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit be decibel (dB)；
L′pAi(ST)(50)h--- in practical water injection cycle, surveyed at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position Hot water to the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
NM--- parallelepiped measures the microphone position number on surface；
--- in practical water injection cycle, the cold water measured on parallelepiped measurement surface is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit be decibel (dB)；
L′pAi(ST)(50)c--- in practical water injection cycle, surveyed at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position Cold water to the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
In one complete cold cycling water injection cycle, parallelepiped measurement surface on measure to/row The A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value of water noise, unit are decibel (dB)；
--- in the specific time of integration, the A weighted of the ambient noise measured on parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit are decibel (dB)；
LpAi(B)(50)--- in the specific time of integration, measured at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position Ambient noise A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level, unit be decibel (dB)；
K1A--- background noise modification value；
K2A--- test Environment Correction Value；
S --- parallelepiped measures the area on surface, and unit is square metre (m2)；
A --- in test cabinet at 1kHz frequency room equivalent absorption area, unit be square metre (m2)；
The A weighted average sound absorption coefficient of α --- test cabinet room surface, numberical range is referring to table in GB/T 3767-2016 A.1；
Sν--- the gross area (wall, floor, ceiling) of test cabinet room boundaries, unit are square metre (m2)；
V --- test room volume, unit are cubic meter (m3)；
Tn--- the A weighted measured or frequency band reverberation time, unit are the second (s)；
--- in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle, measured through parallelepiped measurement surface method To the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
LWA(50)--- under testing location and corresponding meteorological condition, each sanitary ware sample is measured through parallelepiped Surface method measure to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level, unit is decibel (dB)；
S0=1m2；
C1--- the function of air characteristics impedance under the meteorological condition in testing time and place；
C2--- standard meteorological conditions will be converted to relative to the practical acoustical power under testing time and place meteorological condition The radiation impedance correction value of lower acoustical power；
ps--- the atmospheric pressure of testing time and place, unit are kPa (kPa)；
ps,0--- standard atmospheric pressure, 101.325kPa；
The air themperature of θ --- testing time and place, unit are degree Celsius (DEG C)；
θ0=314K；
θ1=296K；
LW ref,atm(50)--- under the standard meteorological conditions that atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C, each For sanitary ware sample to the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
--- every group of sanitary ware sample is averaged to the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise Value, unit are decibel (dB)；
LWA(50)1、LWA(50)2、LWA(50)3--- the A weighted cumulative percent sound of every group of sanitary ware sample to/draining noise Power stage, unit are decibel (dB)；
--- under the standard meteorological conditions that atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C, every group is defended For raw sanitary ware sample to the average value of the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
LW ref,atm(50)1、LW ref,atm(50)2、LW ref,atm(50)3--- atmospheric pressure be 101.325kPa, temperature 23.0 DEG C standard meteorological conditions under, every group of three sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level, Unit is decibel (dB)；
The requirement of the 4.2 data revisions of the convention: sanitary ware sample hot water and cold water are to/draining noise and the A weighted of ambient noise Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L 'pAi(ST)(50)h、L′pAi(ST)(50)c、LpAi(B)(50)Measurement result retain decimal point after One effective digital, mean valueWith A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)'s Calculated result round numbers；
4.3 uncertainties of measurement: this patent method provides that sanitary ware is to/draining noise on parallelepiped measurement surface The repeatability standard deviation σ of A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level measurement resultomcUpper limit value is not more than 1.5dB.Ginseng Related content in standard GB/T 3767-2016 is examined, in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle, people is tested by same position Member uses same sound level meter, to same parallel six face selected by the same part sanitary ware sample of the same installed position A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level average value on bulk measurement surface6 duplicate measurements are carried out (for every Secondary duplicate measurements, sanitary ware sample must be reinstalled and adjust positioning), and background noise modification is carried out to measurement result.Weight Renaturation standard deviationomcCalculation formula are as follows:
In formula:
--- sanitary ware is to/draining noise jth time duplicate measurements and parallel six face after background noise modification The average value of A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level on bulk measurement surface；
--- the Arithmetical average sound pressure grade being calculated by all repeated measuring results.
(5) performance judgment
5.1, according to national environmental protection specification and products standards requirement, take following classification criterion:
To be extremely low to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is excellent；
To be very low to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is good；
To be lower to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is preferable；
To be higher to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is poor；
To be excessively high to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is inferior；
5.2 when some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)It is given greater than this 3 sample of group / draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10% when, extract one group of sample again It repeats to test；Calculate the two groups of sanitary ware samples in front and back measured through parallelepiped measurement surface method it is accumulative to/draining noise Percentage acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueIf some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent sound Power stage LWA(50)Greater than this two groups of 6 samples to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic average Value10%, then abandon it；Take remaining sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueAs this group of sanitary ware sample to/draining noise evaluation index.
Test facilities, instrument and equipment used in the present embodiment and test equipment:
(1) test facilities
Reverberation chamber: dead size is 8.0m × 6.3m × 5.0m, and length ratio is 1.00:0.79:0.63；Dischargeable capacity For 206m3, indoor effectively usable floor area is 44m2, reverberant field meet GB/T 6881.1-2002 requirement；Interior asymmetrical three Face wall body is arc diffusion structure, and all interfaces are all made of superpower vitrified tile decoration, and interior is except outfit is accordingly to/drainpipe Again without other fixation means outside road, cold/hot water supply system and air-conditioning；When reverberation chamber normal operation, surrounding interference without exception, Chamber background noise is lower than 14.5dB (A), low-frequency cut-off frequency fc=100Hz, each frequency sound pressure level standard deviation are shown in Table 1, respectively Frequency range reverberation time that is averaged sees Fig. 7.
1 reverberation chamber of table spreads sound field sound pressure level standard deviation
Frequency (Hz) 100 125 160 200 250 315 400 500 630
Standard deviation (dB) 1.4 1.4 1.5 0.8 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5
Maximum allowable standard deviation (dB) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Frequency (Hz) 800 1000 1250 1600 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000
Standard deviation (dB) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5
Maximum allowable standard deviation (dB) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 1.0 1.0
(2) testing equipment and equipment
2.1 sound level meters: Japanese Li Yin company production, can measure equivalent continuous acoustic pressure L at model NA-28eq, performance meets 1 type integrating sound level meter provides in GB/T 3785, and filter meets the requirement of GB 3241；A weighted linear operate range be 25dB~ 130dB, peak sound level measure the upper limit be 143dB, natural noise A weight maximum value be 17dB, measurement frequency range be 10Hz~ 20kHz, sampling period 15.6ms.Sound pressure level uncertainty U=0.4dB~1.0dB (k=2)；Sound pressure level is not at reference frequency Degree of certainty U=0.07dB (k=2)；The uncertainty of calibration result is U=1.0dB (k=2).
2.2 acoustic calibrators: the production of hundred million Europe instrumentation Co., Ltds, model AWA6221A, for the absolute of sound level meter Pressure calibration, acoustical behavior meet 1 grade of accuracy requirement in GB/T 15173；Nominal sound pressure level is 94dB and 114dB (with 20 μ On the basis of Pa), being applicable in frequency range is 1kHz~5Hz, and sound pressure level accuracy is ± 0.2dB (23 DEG C) and (- 10 DEG C of ± 0.3dB ~50 DEG C), total harmonic distortion≤1% when 94dB.
2.3 cold/hot water supply systems: the washbasin of Hefei Tian Nuo observing and controlling Science and Technology Ltd. manufacture and the examination of bathtub cooling thermal impact Machine is tested, hot water transducer range is 0 DEG C~100 DEG C, and cold water transducer range is 0 DEG C~50 DEG C, and pressure sensor range is 1MPA。
2.4 hoses: internal diameter is the heat-resisting explosion-proof shower special stainless steel flexible hose of 10mm and 22mm, and performance meets EN 1113-2015 " hose for shower head sanitary ware water system generic specifications " related request；It is respectively used to wash basin, sink and bath Hot and cold water is exported in cylinder test.
2.5 showers: the nine of model S25085 herd board hand shower, and performance meets standard GB/T/T 23447- 2009 " sanitary ware gondola water faucet for shower " related requests.
2.6 thermometers: range is 0 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, and scale division value is 0.2 DEG C.
2.7 flowmeters: rice section board LDGC-MIK inserted electromagnet flow meter, measurement range is in (0.05~0.5) L/s It is continuously adjustable, accuracy 0.001L/s.
2.8 rulers: scale division value is the straight steel ruler and square of 1mm.
2.9 barometers: measurement range be 800hPa~1060hPa aneroid pressure meter, the indicating value limits of error be ± 1.0hPa。
2.10 stopwatches: precision 0.01s.
2.11 tripods: carbon fiber or aluminum alloy material, load-bearing 10kg or more, the 2.0m of maximum height containing holder.
The detection data and result of the present embodiment calculate:
In reverberation chamber, mop pool sample is detected to/draining noise using parallelepiped measurement surface method, Coherent detection data and evaluation of result are shown in Table 2.
2 mop pool sample of table is to/draining noise detection data (plane of reflection)
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair Equivalent transformation made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content, is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technical fields, and includes In scope of patent protection of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of sanitary ware is to the detection method of/draining noise, comprising: (1) sample installation and debugging；(2) sound source reference body And parallelepiped measurement surface determines；(3) sound-pressure-level measurement；(4) acoustic power level calculates and ambient noise, test environment are gentle As condition is corrected；(5) evaluation；It is characterized in that, under specific flow velocity and water temperature condition, using sound level meter A weighted The slow time character of weighting " S " of equivalent sound level measures table to parallelepiped in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle With cumulative percent acoustic power level L on faceWA(50)The sanitary ware of characterization is to/accurate the quantitative detection of draining noise progress, specifically :
In sound-pressure-level measurement:
According to GB/T 3767-2016, " it is approximate certainly that acoustic sound pressure method measures Sound Power Level of Noise Source harmony energy level reflecting surface top By the engineering method of field " in relevant regulations for sanitary ware sample installation requirement determine sound source base under the conditions of the different planes of reflection The positioning of quasi- body simultaneously calculates its sound source characteristics size d0；Selection is put down with sanitary ware to/draining noise source reference body is corresponding Row hexahedron measurement surface is simultaneously really sized, and specifies different measurement surfaces microphone position coordinate.In semi-anechoic room or reverberation Interior determines the time of integration of sound signal acquisition according to the practical water injection cycle of sanitary ware sample to be measured, counts using sound level meter A The slow time character of weighting " S " for weighing equivalent sound level measures the cumulative percent of ambient noise on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Time average sound pressure level LpAi(B)(50).Then, it under the test dynamic pressure of 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa, is defended referring to domestic and international correlation The requirement of universal test condition, chooses the samples sewage draining exits such as wash basin, sink, mop pool, shower tray, bathtub in raw sanitary ware standard Neighbouring specific region rushes drop point as cold/hot water, the corresponding height for setting water system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth and shower.Not Under same flow velocity and water temperature test condition, cold/hot water water system is opened；Using a complete cold cycling water injection cycle as It is the time of integration of sound signal acquisition, selected parallel using slow time character of weighting " S " measurement of sound level meter A weighted equivalent sound level Hexahedron measures on surface sanitary ware sample cold/hot water to the cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise L′pAi(ST)(50)c、L′pAi(ST)(50)hAnd it records；
In acoustic power level calculating:
According to related notion and calculation formula in GB/T 3767-2016, in the test water dynamic pressure of 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa And under specific flow velocity and water temperature test condition, by sound level meter in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle selected parallel The sanitary ware sample cold/hot water that measures adds up percentage to the A weighted of/draining noise and ambient noise on hexahedron measurement surface Number time average sound pressure level L 'pAi(ST)(50)c、L′pAi(ST)(50)hAnd LpAi(B)(50)As basic data, its corresponding time is calculated Average sound pressure level mean valueWithAnd to background noise modification value K1A, test Environment Correction Value K2AAnd meteorological condition correction value C1、C2Influence analyzed.It is derived from specific flow velocity and water temperature condition Under, A weighted cumulative percent sound of each sanitary ware sample to/draining noise in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle Power stage LWA(50)And every group of sample is to the average value of/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power levelIt is clear simultaneously The corresponding data revision of the convention requires and uncertainty of measurement range；
In evaluation of result:
When some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)It gives/drains greater than this 3 sample of group and make an uproar Sound A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10% when, extract again one group of sample repeat it is real It tests；The two groups of sanitary ware samples in front and back are calculated to measure through parallelepiped measurement surface method to the cumulative percent of/draining noise Acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueIf some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Greater than this two groups of 6 samples to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value 10%, then abandon it；Take remaining sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic Average valueAs this group of sanitary ware sample to the evaluation index of/draining noise.
2. sanitary ware according to claim 1 is to the detection method of/draining noise, which is characterized in that the sample Installation and debugging, carry out in the steps below:
(1) by 3 classifications of same manufacturer and batch, specification, size, the identical wash basin of material, sink, mop pool Or the sanitary wares such as shower tray, bathtub sample is as one group；
(2) with reference to the 5.5th rules and regulations in national standard GB 26730-2011 " sanitary ware closet gravity flush device and sanitary ware rack " It is fixed, sanitary ware rack of the preparation comprising components such as frames, water-drainage tube part and fixing fittings, under basin, platform on fixed station The samples such as basin and sink.Sanitary ware sample to be measured or gantry base are placed on elastic fluid, except sample itself requirement Outside, any vibration isolation measure must not be added；
(3) cold/hot water supply system pressure of supply water is adjusted between (0.05~0.55) MPa, under the dynamic pressure of 60kPa, Flow is not less than 11.4L/min and water supply flow is adjusted；Wherein hot water supply system be capable of providing (70 ± 2) DEG C~(90 ± DEG C 2) hot water, cooling water supply system are capable of providing the cold water of (12 ± 3) DEG C~(15 ± 2) DEG C.After debugging, cold/hot water is supplied The flow velocity and water temperature of system can satisfy this patent test requirements document, and water supply device and drainage pipeline must not be big to test environmental radiation Amount sound energy；
(4) water supplying pipe is shower stainless steel flexible hose, and wherein wash basin, sink and mop pool test is with internal diameter The hose that the hose of 10mm, bathtub test are 22mm with internal diameter；High temperature pressure, room temperature flow and the cold cycling performance symbol of hose Close Europe superscript EN 1113-2015 " hose for shower head sanitary ware water system generic specifications " related request；
(5) wash basin, sink and bathtub are equipped with overflow hole, according to 8.6.6 rules and regulations in GB 6952-2015 " sanitary ceramics " It is fixed that overflow test is carried out to wash basin to be measured and sink sample, keep 5min without overflow.Hand-held or solid can be used in shower tray Fixed pattern shower, security performance, sealing performance and maximum stream flow meet national standard GB/T23447-2009 " sanitary ware shower flower Spill " related request；
(6) test cabinet has condition of power supply and output power meets message bathtub sample requirement to be measured, to massage before test Bathtub sample carries out elimination run adjustment, it is ensured that electric pump works well, no abnormal sound and abnormal vibrations, and nozzle spray is normal.According to QB The 5.4.2.1 articles and the 5.4.2.3 articles regulation is to being sealed property of message bathtub sample in 2585-2007 " water spraying massage bathtub " Ne-leakage after test, normal temperate water circle system and hot water cyclesystem operation 10min；
It (7) for installation, can be directly by sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack not close to the sanitary ware sample of any sidewalls when Be placed on test flooring, wherein on platform under basin, platform basin and sink etc. using the fixed sample bottom of sanitary ware rack away from Height from the ground is 500mm, and distance is not less than 1.0m to any one side between the walls in sample and test cabinet；And ensure to/ Drain function is normal.For the sanitary ware sample close to wall installation, directly sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack can be placed in It tests on flooring, the sample distance from bottom ground that wherein basin and sink etc. are fixed using sanitary ware rack under basin, platform on platform Height be 500mm；Make distance 15cm ± 5cm between the sample back side and leaned on perpendicular walls reflecting surface, and ensures itself and room Distance is not less than 1.5m between its interior excess-three sidewalls；Guarantee simultaneously normal to/drain function.For defending close to corner installation Sample to be tested or sanitary ware rack can be directly placed on test flooring by raw sanitary ware sample, wherein on platform under basin, platform basin and Sink etc. is 500mm using the height on the fixed sample distance from bottom ground of sanitary ware rack；Make the sample back side and side and neighbour Distance is 15cm ± 5cm between two close perpendicular walls reflectings surface, it is ensured that it is with indoor in addition two sides between the walls apart from not Less than 1.5m；Guarantee simultaneously normal to/drain function.
3. sanitary ware according to claim 1 is to the detection method of/draining noise, which is characterized in that the sound source The determination on reference body and parallelepiped measurement surface, carries out in the steps below:
(1) determination of the sanitary ware to/draining noise source reference body shape and size: according to GB/T 3767-2016 " acoustics sound Platen press measures the engineering method of proximate freedom field above Sound Power Level of Noise Source harmony energy level reflecting surface " in the 7.1st article of related rule It is fixed, it is set using positions and dimensions of the three-dimensional coordinate system to sound source reference body；With sound source reference body and its adjacent anti- The center of the formed cabinet of mirror image in plane is penetrated as coordinate origin O, trunnion axis x and y are flat with the length of reference body and width respectively Row.Using the horizontal width of sanitary ware sample to be measured as the length l of sound source reference body1, using its horizontal length as sound source benchmark The width l of body2, using the vertical range of cold/hot water supply system effluent pipe mouth or gondola water faucet water outlet central point to ground as sound source base The height l of quasi- body3；For different test environment conditions, the characteristic size d of sound source reference body0Respectively [(l1/2)2+(l2/2)2+ l3 2]1/2(plane of reflection), [l1 2+(l2/2)2+l3 2]1/2(two planes of reflection) and [l1 2+l2 2+l3 2]1/2(three reflections are flat Face), unit is rice (m)；
(2) determination of parallelepiped measurement surface and its microphone position array: according in standard GB/T 3767-2016 the 7.2.4 article, and the 8.1.2 articles relevant regulations, testing parallelepiped measurement surface used and sound source reference body has same orientation Coordinate origin and face shaping, i.e., area is S, envelope sanitary ware to be measured to/draining noise source, each side is parallel to reference body Side and be d with reference body distance an imaginary parallelepiped, wherein d >=1.0m.
Not close to any sidewalls when such as sanitary ware sample to be measured installation, then parallelepiped measures the 1st~9 biography on surface At sound device position coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (a, 0,0.5c), (0, b, 0.5c), (- a, 0,0.5c), (0 ,-b, 0.5c), (a, B, c), (- a, b, c), (- a ,-b, c), (a ,-b, c), (0,0, c)；Area S=4 (ab+bc+ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ d, b =0.5l2+ d, c=l3+d；l1、l2、l3The respectively length and width and height of sound source reference body；Measure distance d=1.0m.It is defended Ru to be measured Raw sanitary ware sample is mounted against a wall, then coordinate (x, y, z) is respectively at the 1st~6 microphone position on parallelepiped measurement surface (2a, 0,0.5c), (a, b, 0.5c), (a ,-b, 0.5c), (2a, b, c), (2a ,-b, c), (a, 0, c)；Area S=2 (2ab+bc + 2ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ 0.5d, b=0.5l2+ d, c=l3+d；l1、l2、l3Respectively the length of sound source reference body is (from wall To the distance of front end face), it is wide and high；Measure distance d=1.0m.If sanitary ware sample to be measured is by corner installation, then parallel six On the bulk measurement surface of face at the 1st~4 microphone position coordinate (x, y, z) be respectively (2a,-b, 0.5c), (a, -2b, 0.5c), (2a, -2b, c), (a, b, c)；Area S=2 (2ab+bc+ca), wherein a=0.5l1+ 0.5d, b=0.5l2+ 0.5d, c=l3+ d；Wherein l1、l2、l3The respectively length and width of sound source reference body and height (the long l of reference body1With wide l2, i.e., from two face walls to corresponding base The distance of quasi- body opposite face)；Measure distance d=1.0m.
4. sanitary ware according to claim 1 is to the detection method of/draining noise, which is characterized in that the acoustic pressure Grade measurement, carries out in the steps below:
(1) in addition to retaining the necessary experimental apparatus such as 1 sanitary ware sample and tripod to be measured, remaining article in test cabinet is complete Portion moves away from, and must not have supernumerary on the scene；Experimental implementation person must not dress the clothing of obvious sound absorption characteristics；It is closed using through calibrating The thermometer and barometer of lattice are measured and record to indoor air temperature and atmospheric pressure；
(2) sample size l is measured with straight steel ruler and square1、l2、l3And it records；Sound source benchmark is determined according to sample mounting means Body space orientation simultaneously calculates its characteristic size d0；The applicable parallelepiped envelope sound source measurement surface of selection and to calculate its specific Size a, b, c；According to measurement surface microphone position array, calculates measuring point coordinate and record；
(3) 1 type instrument requirements in GB/T 3785.1-2010 should be met by measuring sound level meter used, and the re-testing periods are no more than 2 years；Filter Wave device meets 1 type instrument requirements in IEC 61260:1995, and calibration cycle is no more than 1 year.Before each on-test and after, Using meeting one or more of the acoustic calibrator of 1 grade of accuracy requirement in GB/T 15173 within the scope of sound level meter measurement frequency It is verified in a frequency；It reads difference and is not more than 0.5dB；
(4) test cabinet can be semi-anechoic room or reverberation chamber, it is ensured that indoor to meet sanitary ware sample to be measured using the volume in space Product installation requirement has needed for test to/drainage condition, dynamic pressure, flow velocity and the temperature adjustable of test water；Half noise reduction Chamber background noise is not more than 16dB (A), is capable of providing the acoustic condition of proximate freedom field above reflecting surface, and the re-testing periods do not surpass Spend 5 years；Background noise is not more than 25dB (A) in reverberation chamber, and the reverberation time is 5s~6s；
(5) according to measurement surface microphone position array, measuring point coordinate is positioned；Tripod is moved into point position simultaneously Place and the sound level meter that will be provided with associated acoustic performance are placed in its top holder, it is ensured that sound wave enters when the orientation of microphone is calibrated with it Firing angle is identical and is perpendicularly oriented to measurement surface；
(6) for wash basin, sink or mop pool class sanitary ware sample, will test dynamic pressure be adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa selects arbitrary point in sample sewage draining exit diameter (110 ± 5) region mm as rushing drop point；Adjust water system The height of hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth is located at and rushes above drop point at (80 ± 5) mm.Sewage draining exit is opened, with (0.1 ± 0.01) L/ The flow velocity of s opens hot water (90 ± 1) s of (70 ± 2) DEG C, and the moment that confession water system is opened starts timing to water filling is stopped and is Only, in during this period, selected parallelepiped is measured using the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meter Wash basin, sink or mop pool sample hot water are measured on surface to the cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise L′pAi(ST)(50)h, continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to/row The sound-pressure-level measurement value of water noise simultaneously records, while recording practical water injection time；If sound pressure level measured by 3 times at each position Difference be greater than 0.5dB, then re-measure.Then, it with cold water (90 ± 1) s of same flow velocity unlatching (15 ± 2) DEG C, repeats above-mentioned Experimental implementation simultaneously records on selected parallelepiped measurement surface wash basin, sink or mop pool sample at each microphone position Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level measured value L ' of the product cold water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)c；
(7) for the dishware sanitary ware sample that takes a shower, test dynamic pressure is adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa, in water system Middle connecting sprinkler, adjustment shower height are located at its water outlet central point above sewage draining exit at (1000 ± 50) mm, it is ensured that discharge Cold/hot water can cover shower tray at least half region.Sewage draining exit is opened, opens (75 with the flow velocity of (0.15 ± 0.015) L/s ± 2) hot water (90 ± 1) L DEG C；The moment that confession water system is opened starts timing until stopping water filling, interior during this period, answers Shower tray on selected parallelepiped measurement surface is measured with the slow time character of weighting " S " of the A weighted equivalent sound level of sound level meter Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of the sample hot water to/draining noisepAi(ST)(50)h, connect at each microphone position Continuous measurement 3 times takes its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as hot water at the position to the sound-pressure-level measurement value of/draining noise and records, simultaneously Record practical water injection time；If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, re-measure.Then, With cold water (90 ± 1) L of same flow velocity unlatching (12 ± 3) DEG C, repeats above-mentioned experimental implementation and simultaneously record selected parallelepiped survey Shower tray sample cold water is surveyed to the cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise at each microphone position on scale face Magnitude L 'pAi(ST)(50)c；
(8) for bathtub or message bathtub class sanitary ware sample, test dynamic pressure is adjusted to 0.30MPa ± 0.05MPa, is adjusted The height of whole water system hot and cold water effluent pipe mouth is located above bathtub or message bathtub flood level at least (125 ± 5) At mm, and ensure it apart from sewage draining exit more closely to drain.Sewage draining exit is closed, is opened with the flow velocity of (0.32 ± 0.032) L/s The hot water of (75 ± 2) DEG C stops water filling as water level 250mm ± 5mm above bathtub or message bathtub sewage draining exit horizontal line. The moment that confession water system is opened starts timing until stopping water filling, interior during this period, using the A weighted equivalent sound of sound level meter Bathtub or message bathtub sample hot water are to/row on slow time character of weighting " S " the measurement selected parallelepiped measurement surface of grade The cumulative percent time average sound pressure level L ' of water noisepAi(ST)(50)h, continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take it Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value to the sound-pressure-level measurement value of/draining noise and is recorded as hot water at the position, while when recording practical water filling Between；If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, re-measure.
Then, water is exhausted, the cold water of use (12 ± 3) DEG C repeats above-mentioned experimental implementation, and records selected parallelepiped and survey Bathtub or message bathtub sample cold water are average to the cumulative percent time of/draining noise at each microphone position on scale face Sound-pressure-level measurement value L 'pAi(ST)(50)c(message bathtub sample first starts whole electric pumps, opens all sprays before water system starting Mouth, and opening air control valve makes the spray force of nozzle reach maximum)；
(9) according to wash basin, sink, mop pool, shower tray and the bathtub or message bathtub class health recorded in above-mentioned test The practical water injection time of sanitary ware sample sets the time of integration of corresponding sound level meter sound signal acquisition；Using the A weighted of sound level meter When the slow time character of weighting " S " of equivalent sound level measures the cumulative percent of ambient noise on selected parallelepiped measurement surface Between average sound pressure level LpAi(B)(50), continuously measured at each microphone position 3 times, take its arithmetic mean of instantaneous value as the position at The sound-pressure-level measurement value of ambient noise simultaneously records.If the difference of sound pressure level measured by 3 times is greater than 0.5dB at each position, weigh Newly measure and record.
5. sanitary ware according to claim 1 is to the detection method of/draining noise, which is characterized in that the sound function Rate grade calculates, and carries out in the steps below:
(1) calculation formula selects: referring to relevant regulations in GB/T 3767-2016, the calculation formula of test parameter involved by this patent It is as follows:
If △ LpA(50)> 15dB, then without carrying out background noise modification；If 6dB≤△ LpA(50)≤ 15dB, then according to formula (9) It is modified.
K1A=-10lg (1-10-0.1△LpA(50))……………………………………………………………(9)
K2A=l0lg (l+4S/A) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... (10)
Work as K2AWhen≤4dB, the measurement done according to this patent method is effective；The wherein absorption of semi-anechoic room and reverberation chamber room Calculation formula is respectively as follows:
A=α Sν……………………………………………………………………………(11)
A=0.16V/Tn…………………………………………………………………………(12)
LWA ref,atm(50)=LWA(50)+C1+C2…………………………………………………………(17)
In formula:
--- in practical water injection cycle, the A of the hot water that measures to/draining noise on parallelepiped measurement surface Weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value, unit are decibel (dB)；
L′pAi(ST)(50)h--- in practical water injection cycle, measured at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position For hot water to the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
NM--- parallelepiped measures the microphone position number on surface；
--- in practical water injection cycle, the A meter of the cold water that measures to/draining noise on parallelepiped measurement surface Cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value is weighed, unit is decibel (dB)；
L′pAi(ST)(50)c--- in practical water injection cycle, measured at parallelepiped measurement i-th of surface microphone position For cold water to the A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
In one complete cold cycling water injection cycle, parallelepiped measurement surface on measure to/draining make an uproar The A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level mean value of sound, unit are decibel (dB)；
--- in the specific time of integration, the A weighted of the ambient noise measured on parallelepiped measurement surface is accumulative Percentage time average sound pressure level mean value, unit are decibel (dB)；
LpAi(B)(50)--- in the specific time of integration, the background measured at the microphone position of i-th of surface is measured in parallelepiped The A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of noise, unit are decibel (dB)；
K1A--- background noise modification value；
K2A--- test Environment Correction Value；
S --- parallelepiped measures the area on surface, and unit is square metre (m2)；
A --- in test cabinet at 1kHz frequency room equivalent absorption area, unit be square metre (m2)；
The A weighted average sound absorption coefficient of α --- test cabinet room surface, numberical range is referring to Table A .1 in GB/T 3767-2016；
Sν--- the gross area (wall, floor, ceiling) of test cabinet room boundaries, unit are square metre (m2)；
V --- test room volume, unit are cubic meter (m3)；
Tn--- the A weighted measured or frequency band reverberation time, unit are the second (s)；
--- in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle, through parallelepiped measurement surface method measure to/row The A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level of water noise, unit are decibel (dB)；
LWA(50)--- under testing location and corresponding meteorological condition, each sanitary ware sample measures surface through parallelepiped Method measure to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level, unit is decibel (dB)；
S0=1m2；
C1--- the function of air characteristics impedance under the meteorological condition in testing time and place；
C2--- sound function under standard meteorological conditions will be converted to relative to the practical acoustical power under testing time and place meteorological condition The radiation impedance correction value of rate；
ps--- the atmospheric pressure of testing time and place, unit are kPa (kPa)；
ps,0--- standard atmospheric pressure, 101.325kPa；
The air themperature of θ --- testing time and place, unit are degree Celsius (DEG C)；
θ0=314K；
θ1=296K；
LW ref,atm(50)--- under the standard meteorological conditions that atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C, each health For sanitary ware sample to the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
--- the average value of every group of sanitary ware sample to the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit For decibel (dB)；
LWA(50)1、LWA(50)2、LWA(50)3--- the A weighted cumulative percent acoustical power of every group of sanitary ware sample to/draining noise Grade, unit are decibel (dB)；
--- under the standard meteorological conditions that atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C, every group of sanitary cleaning Has sample to the average value of the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of/draining noise, unit is decibel (dB)；
LW ref,atm(50)1、LW ref,atm(50)2、LW ref,atm(50)3--- atmospheric pressure is 101.325kPa, temperature is 23.0 DEG C Under standard meteorological conditions, the A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level of every group of three sanitary ware sample to/draining noise, unit For decibel (dB)；
(2) data revision of the convention requirement: sanitary ware sample hot water and cold water are accumulative to the A weighted of/draining noise and ambient noise Percentage time average sound pressure level L 'pAi(ST)(50)h、L′pAi(ST)(50)c、LpAi(B)(50)Measurement result retain one decimal place Effective digital, mean valueWith A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Calculating As a result round numbers；
(3) uncertainty of measurement: this patent method provides that sanitary ware is to/draining noise A meter on parallelepiped measurement surface Weigh the repeatability standard deviation σ of cumulative percent time average sound pressure level measurement resultomcUpper limit value is not more than 1.5dB.With reference to mark Related content in quasi- GB/T 3767-2016 is made in a complete cold cycling water injection cycle by same position experimenter With same sound level meter, same parallelepiped selected by the same part sanitary ware sample of the same installed position is surveyed A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level average value on scale face6 duplicate measurements are carried out (for weighing every time Repetition measurement amount, sanitary ware sample must be reinstalled and adjust positioning), and background noise modification is carried out to measurement result.Repeatability Standard deviationomcCalculation formula are as follows:
In formula:
- sanitary ware is to/draining noise jth time duplicate measurements and the parallelepiped measurement after background noise modification The average value of A weighted cumulative percent time average sound pressure level on surface；
--- the Arithmetical average sound pressure grade being calculated by all repeated measuring results.
6. sanitary ware according to claim 1 is to the detection method of/draining noise, which is characterized in that the result Evaluation carries out in the steps below:
(1) according to national environmental protection specification and products standards requirement, following classification criterion is taken:
To be extremely low to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is excellent；
To be very low to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is good；
To be lower to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is preferable；
To be higher to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is poor；
To be excessively high to/draining noise, environmental-protecting performance is inferior；
(2) when some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)3 samples are organized to/row greater than this Water noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10% when, extract one group of sample weight again Multiple experiment；Calculate the two groups of sanitary ware samples in front and back through parallelepiped measurement surface method measure to/draining noise accumulative hundred Score acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueIf some sample is to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent sound function Rate grade LWA(50)Greater than this two groups of 6 samples to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50)Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value10%, then abandon it；Take remaining sanitary ware sample to/draining noise A weighted cumulative percent acoustic power level LWA(50) Arithmetic mean of instantaneous valueAs this group of sanitary ware sample to/draining noise evaluation index.
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