CN110158192A - 一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将炭黑粉化投入煅烧炉中恒温煅烧,充满氮气通入镍粉反应,并磁化处理,得改性炭黑;(2)先将铜置于熔化炉中熔化,再加入铝、锌炼制,然后加入石墨粉混合炼制,制得混合合金粉;(3)将混合合金粉、磁石粉等置于搅拌桶中振荡混合,置于反应釜中通入臭氧电离处理,排出气体后倒入表面处理剂溶液恒温煮制,烘干后得活化混合粉;(4)取低密度聚乙烯等熔化混合,向其中加入催化剂搅拌后保温反应,加入改性炭黑和活化混合粉振荡,再保温处理,得聚乙烯混合料;(5)将聚乙烯混合料加热熔化、拉丝,并在出丝的同时浸入涤纶短纤维中进行表面处理,编织成网,制得静电阻燃除尘网。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于除尘网加工技术领域,具体涉及一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法。
背景技术
聚乙烯材料所制渔网,相对于传统棉麻渔网在使用寿命、耐酸碱性、抗氧化 性和抗拉伸强度等方面具有较大程度提高,但是所加工的网制品其使用途径,已 经突破传统的使用领域。但是,城市之中由于人口密集、建筑物集中,道路施工、 建筑安装、线路改造等施工不可避免的产生噪音及大量粉尘污染物,其中含有有 害物质和病菌对交通环境和人体健康造成较大伤害,所以施工现场做好除尘措施 成为施工单位不可或缺的前期准备;一般采用除尘网对施工区域进行隔离除尘, 但是传统除尘网,只是通过隔离区域降低粉尘扩散,其对粉尘吸附能力相对较低, 除尘率低下,并且施工区域粉尘含量仍然相对较高,对施工人员人体健康造成伤 害更大。
发明内容
本发明的目的:城市之中由于人口密集、建筑物集中,道路施工、建筑安装、线路改造等施工不可避免的产生噪音及大量粉尘污染物,其中含有有害物质和病菌对交通环境和人体健康造成较大伤害,所以施工现场做好除尘措施成为施工单位不可或缺的前期准备;一般采用除尘网对施工区域进行隔离除尘,但是传统除尘网,只是通过隔离区域降低粉尘扩散,其对粉尘吸附能力相对较低,除尘率低下,并且施工区域粉尘含量仍然相对较高,对施工人员人体健康造成伤害更大。为解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)炭黑改性:将炭黑粉化投入煅烧炉中恒温煅烧2-3h,降至常温后充满氮气升温至213-219℃,通入镍粉渗透反应110-120min,并使用磁化器每20min磁化处理5min,冷却后筛选,得改性炭黑;
(2)合金加工:先将铜置于熔化炉中熔化,再加入铝、锌炼制2-3h,然后加入石墨粉混合炼制,冷却后粉化,制得混合合金粉;
(3)除杂活化:将混合合金粉、磁石粉、炭化竹纤维、珍珠岩粉、陶瓷粉置于搅拌桶中振荡混合30-40min,得混合粉;将混合粉置于反应釜中通入臭氧加载410-430V电压电离处理97-112min,排出气体后倒入混合粉总质量3-4倍的表面处理剂溶液恒温煮制1-2h,烘干后得活化混合粉;
(4)混合:取低密度聚乙烯、聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂熔化混合,向其中加入催化剂搅拌后保温反应2-3h,然后加入改性炭黑和活化混合粉超声波振荡38-42min,再密封保温处理4-6h,得聚乙烯混合料;
(5)制网:将聚乙烯混合料加热熔化,通过挤出机拉丝,并在出丝的同时浸入涤纶短纤维中进行表面处理,编织成网,制得静电阻燃除尘网。
所述的静电阻燃除尘网,其各配制成分质量计份为:低密度聚乙烯43-48份、聚酰胺树脂6-8份、聚丙烯树脂2-4份、酚醛树脂4-7份、改性炭黑2-3份、混合合金粉3.2-4.1份、磁石粉1.3-1.8份、涤纶短纤维3-5份、炭化竹纤维6-9份、珍珠岩粉1.1-1.6份、陶瓷粉2-3份、催化剂1-2份。
步骤(1)所述的恒温煅烧,其温度为317-325℃。
步骤(1)所述的镍粉,其与炭黑的质量配比为17-20:1;所述的磁化处理,其频率为1.3-1.7Mhz。
步骤(2)所述的混合合金粉,其中铜:铝:锌质量配比为13-17:4-5:1,其中石墨粉质量为铜、铝、锌总质量的0.7%-1.1%。
步骤(3)所述的臭氧,其通入量为反应釜容量的19%-22%。
步骤(3)所述的表面处理剂溶液,其配制方法为:按质量计份称取玉竹参11-14份、马兰花7-9份、云杉球果1-3份、金发藓5-8份、萱草2-5份,粉碎后加入总质量4-6倍的水沸煮2-3h,然后分别加入水质量1.2%-1.5%的纤维素酶和果胶酶恒温酶解3-4h,经离心过滤、浓缩烘干后得表面处理剂;将表面处理剂溶入其质量6-8倍的去离子水中搅拌混合,得表面处理剂溶液。
步骤(4)所述的催化剂,其为二氯化二茂钒。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:配制成分,以低密度聚乙烯为除尘网的加工原料,由于除尘网在使用强度等方面要求较低,采用低密度聚乙烯为原料可有效降低除尘网加工成本;而加入聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂成分,可提高低密度聚乙烯除尘网的使用强度、抗氧化性等性能,提高除尘网的使用寿命和阻燃性能;加入磁石粉,即可提高除尘网对金属类粉尘的吸附能力,又可通过电磁感应使除尘网产生微量静电,提高除尘网对粉尘的吸附能力;炭化纤维的添加使用可提高除尘网的抗拉伸强度,防止复杂的施工环境对除尘网的破坏作用,延长除尘网的使用寿命;而使用珍珠岩粉和陶瓷粉,可提高除尘网的阻燃性能,避免引发火灾造成的损失。炭黑改性,通过对炭黑煅烧可提高其内部中空结构,促进其对镍粉的吸附,而通过高温条件下磁化渗透作用,使镍粉渗透至炭黑内部,提高炭黑的导电性能,从而提高除尘网的静电属性;通过对铜、铝、锌进行熔化加工形成合金成分,可进一步提高除尘网的导电属性,增加除尘网的静电吸附能力。通过对混合合金粉、磁石粉等使用臭氧电离处理,可起到除杂和活化作用,从而提高除尘网导电、吸附、阻燃等性能,并使用表面活性剂进一步对各配制成分起到活化作用,提高除尘网的使用功能,并且表面活性剂所提取成分,还可提高除尘网的抗菌性能;而在拉丝后立即使用涤纶短纤维对网丝表面附着,使网丝表面附着涤纶短纤维,提高除尘网对粉尘的拦截效果,并在摩擦过程中产生静电提高除尘网对粉尘的吸附能力。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)炭黑改性:将炭黑粉化投入煅烧炉中恒温煅烧2.5h,降至常温后充满氮气升温至214℃,通入镍粉渗透反应110-120min,并使用磁化器每20min磁化处理5min,冷却后筛选,得改性炭黑;
(2)合金加工:先将铜置于熔化炉中熔化,再加入铝、锌炼制2.5h,然后加入石墨粉混合炼制,冷却后粉化,制得混合合金粉;
(3)除杂活化:将混合合金粉、磁石粉、炭化竹纤维、珍珠岩粉、陶瓷粉置于搅拌桶中振荡混合30-40min,得混合粉;将混合粉置于反应釜中通入臭氧加载412V电压电离处理97-112min,排出气体后倒入混合粉总质量3.5倍的表面处理剂溶液恒温煮制1.5h,烘干后得活化混合粉;
(4)混合:取低密度聚乙烯、聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂熔化混合,向其中加入催化剂搅拌后保温反应2.5h,然后加入改性炭黑和活化混合粉超声波振荡38-42min,再密封保温处理4.5h,得聚乙烯混合料;
(5)制网:将聚乙烯混合料加热熔化,通过挤出机拉丝,并在出丝的同时浸入涤纶短纤维中进行表面处理,编织成网,制得静电阻燃除尘网。
所述的静电阻燃除尘网,其各配制成分质量计份为:低密度聚乙烯44份、聚酰胺树脂6.2份、聚丙烯树脂2.1份、酚醛树脂5份、改性炭黑2.3份、混合合金粉3.3份、磁石粉1.4份、涤纶短纤维3.2份、炭化竹纤维6.1份、珍珠岩粉1.2份、陶瓷粉2.2份、催化剂1.2份。
步骤(1)所述的恒温煅烧,其温度为318℃。
步骤(1)所述的镍粉,其与炭黑的质量配比为18:1;所述的磁化处理,其频率为1.4Mhz。
步骤(2)所述的混合合金粉,其中铜:铝:锌质量配比为14:4.3:1,其中石墨粉质量为铜、铝、锌总质量的0.8%。
步骤(3)所述的臭氧,其通入量为反应釜容量的19.2%。
步骤(3)所述的表面处理剂溶液,其配制方法为:按质量计份称取玉竹参12份、马兰花7.3份、云杉球果1.2份、金发藓6份、萱草3份,粉碎后加入总质量4.5倍的水沸煮2.5h,然后分别加入水质量1.3%的纤维素酶和果胶酶恒温酶解3.5h,经离心过滤、浓缩烘干后得表面处理剂;将表面处理剂溶入其质量6.5倍的去离子水中搅拌混合,得表面处理剂溶液。
步骤(4)所述的催化剂,其为二氯化二茂钒。
实施例2:
一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)炭黑改性:将炭黑粉化投入煅烧炉中恒温煅烧3h,降至常温后充满氮气升温至218℃,通入镍粉渗透反应110-120min,并使用磁化器每20min磁化处理5min,冷却后筛选,得改性炭黑;
(2)合金加工:先将铜置于熔化炉中熔化,再加入铝、锌炼制3h,然后加入石墨粉混合炼制,冷却后粉化,制得混合合金粉;
(3)除杂活化:将混合合金粉、磁石粉、炭化竹纤维、珍珠岩粉、陶瓷粉置于搅拌桶中振荡混合30-40min,得混合粉;将混合粉置于反应釜中通入臭氧加载429V电压电离处理97-112min,排出气体后倒入混合粉总质量4倍的表面处理剂溶液恒温煮制2h,烘干后得活化混合粉;
(4)混合:取低密度聚乙烯、聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂熔化混合,向其中加入催化剂搅拌后保温反应3h,然后加入改性炭黑和活化混合粉超声波振荡38-42min,再密封保温处理5.5h,得聚乙烯混合料;
(5)制网:将聚乙烯混合料加热熔化,通过挤出机拉丝,并在出丝的同时浸入涤纶短纤维中进行表面处理,编织成网,制得静电阻燃除尘网。
所述的静电阻燃除尘网,其各配制成分质量计份为:低密度聚乙烯47份、聚酰胺树脂7.5份、聚丙烯树脂3.8份、酚醛树脂6份、改性炭黑2.9份、混合合金粉4.0份、磁石粉1.7份、涤纶短纤维4.8份、炭化竹纤维8份、珍珠岩粉1.5份、陶瓷粉2.7份、催化剂1.9份。
步骤(1)所述的恒温煅烧,其温度为324℃。
步骤(1)所述的镍粉,其与炭黑的质量配比为19:1;所述的磁化处理,其频率为1.6Mhz。
步骤(2)所述的混合合金粉,其中铜:铝:锌质量配比为16:4.9:1,其中石墨粉质量为铜、铝、锌总质量的1.0%。
步骤(3)所述的臭氧,其通入量为反应釜容量的21%。
步骤(3)所述的表面处理剂溶液,其配制方法为:按质量计份称取玉竹参13份、马兰花8.6份、云杉球果2.7份、金发藓7份、萱草4.8份,粉碎后加入总质量5.5倍的水沸煮3h,然后分别加入水质量1.4%的纤维素酶和果胶酶恒温酶解4h,经离心过滤、浓缩烘干后得表面处理剂;将表面处理剂溶入其质量7.5倍的去离子水中搅拌混合,得表面处理剂溶液。
步骤(4)所述的催化剂,其为二氯化二茂钒。
对比1:
本对比1与实施例1比较,未使用步骤(1)中炭黑及改性方法,其他步骤与实施例1相同。
对比2:
本对比2与实施例2比较,未使用步骤(2)中混合合金粉,其他配制成分与实施例2相同。
对比3:
本对比3与实施例1比较,未使用步骤(3)中电离处理和表面活性剂,其他步骤与实施例1相同。
对比4:
本对比4与实施例2比较,未使用步骤(3)中磁石粉,其他配制成分与实施例2相同。
对比5:
本对比5与实施例1比较,未使用步骤(3)中珍珠岩粉和陶瓷粉,其他配制成分与实施例1相同。
对比6:
本对比6与实施例2比较,未使用步骤(5)中涤纶短纤维,其他配制成分与实施例2相同。
对照组:采用低密度聚乙烯加工制成与实施例和对比例相同规格的除尘网为参照。
对实施例1、实施例2、对比1、对比2、对比3、对比4、对比5、对比6及对照组,使用上述所制除尘网应用于相同的施工环境,统计除尘网的除尘率、诱电率、续燃时间进行对比。
实验数据:
项目 | 除尘率 % | 诱电率 | 续燃时间 S |
实施例1 | 99.3 | 5.3 | 7 |
实施例2 | 99.5 | 5.1 | 8 |
对比1 | 92.8 | 4.7 | 7 |
对比2 | 93.8 | 4.4 | 12 |
对比3 | 96.2 | 5.1 | 9 |
对比4 | 95.2 | 4.9 | 5 |
对比5 | 99.1 | 5.2 | 15 |
对比6 | 95.6 | 5.3 | 7 |
对照组 | 76.4 | 3.1 | 24 |
综合结果:本发明方法所制得除尘网,与对照组比较,其对粉尘除尘率提高了23.1%,诱电率提高了2.2,而续燃时间降低了17S,并且抗拉伸强度提高了15%以上;本发明方法所制除尘网,具有除尘率、诱电率高,并且具有较强的阻燃性能,同时抗拉伸强度高、使用寿命长等特点。
Claims (8)
1.一种静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)炭黑改性:将炭黑粉化投入煅烧炉中恒温煅烧2-3h,降至常温后充满氮气升温至213-219℃,通入镍粉渗透反应110-120min,并使用磁化器每20min磁化处理5min,冷却后筛选,得改性炭黑;
(2)合金加工:先将铜置于熔化炉中熔化,再加入铝、锌炼制2-3h,然后加入石墨粉混合炼制,冷却后粉化,制得混合合金粉;
(3)除杂活化:将混合合金粉、磁石粉、炭化竹纤维、珍珠岩粉、陶瓷粉置于搅拌桶中振荡混合30-40min,得混合粉;将混合粉置于反应釜中通入臭氧加载410-430V电压电离处理97-112min,排出气体后倒入混合粉总质量3-4倍的表面处理剂溶液恒温煮制1-2h,烘干后得活化混合粉;
(4)混合:取低密度聚乙烯、聚酰胺树脂、聚丙烯树脂、酚醛树脂熔化混合,向其中加入催化剂搅拌后保温反应2-3h,然后加入改性炭黑和活化混合粉超声波振荡38-42min,再密封保温处理4-6h,得聚乙烯混合料;
(5)制网:将聚乙烯混合料加热熔化,通过挤出机拉丝,并在出丝的同时浸入涤纶短纤维中进行表面处理,编织成网,制得静电阻燃除尘网。
2.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的静电阻燃除尘网,其各配制成分质量计份为:低密度聚乙烯43-48份、聚酰胺树脂6-8份、聚丙烯树脂2-4份、酚醛树脂4-7份、改性炭黑2-3份、混合合金粉3.2-4.1份、磁石粉1.3-1.8份、涤纶短纤维3-5份、炭化竹纤维6-9份、珍珠岩粉1.1-1.6份、陶瓷粉2-3份、催化剂1-2份。
3.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的恒温煅烧,其温度为317-325℃。
4.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述的镍粉,其与炭黑的质量配比为17-20:1;所述的磁化处理,其频率为1.3-1.7Mhz。
5.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述的混合合金粉,其中铜:铝:锌质量配比为13-17:4-5:1,其中石墨粉质量为铜、铝、锌总质量的0.7%-1.1%。
6.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的臭氧,其通入量为反应釜容量的19%-22%。
7.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述的表面处理剂溶液,其配制方法为:按质量计份称取玉竹参11-14份、马兰花7-9份、云杉球果1-3份、金发藓5-8份、萱草2-5份,粉碎后加入总质量4-6倍的水沸煮2-3h,然后分别加入水质量1.2%-1.5%的纤维素酶和果胶酶恒温酶解3-4h,经离心过滤、浓缩烘干后得表面处理剂;将表面处理剂溶入其质量6-8倍的去离子水中搅拌混合,得表面处理剂溶液。
8.如权利要求1所述的静电阻燃除尘网的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述的催化剂,其为二氯化二茂钒。
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