CN1101486C - 一种高强涤纶纤维的生产方法 - Google Patents

一种高强涤纶纤维的生产方法 Download PDF

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CN1101486C
CN1101486C CN 90108746 CN90108746A CN1101486C CN 1101486 C CN1101486 C CN 1101486C CN 90108746 CN90108746 CN 90108746 CN 90108746 A CN90108746 A CN 90108746A CN 1101486 C CN1101486 C CN 1101486C
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polyester
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CN1061058A (zh
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周向进
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Abstract

在聚酯(涤纶)熔融体纺丝成形后，在后加工过程中，对纤维进行真空或氮气保护下的热处理，使之发生反应，从而提高聚合物分子量，提高纤维强度。这种生产方法可以部分取代先提高聚合物分子量后纺丝的高强涤纶纤维生产方法，可以制取具有更高分子量的涤纶纤维。这种生产方法避免了高粘度熔体的输送和纺丝工艺，简化了总的生产工艺和对生产设备的要求，能够降低生产成本，有较高的经济价值。

Description

一种高强涤纶纤维的生产方法
在化学纤维生产工业中，为了获得高强度的产业用聚酯(涤纶)纤维，往往采用以下方法提高聚合物分子量：1、聚酯连续熔融聚合；2、化学偶合反应；3、聚酯切片的固相聚合。从而在纺丝前使聚合物的分子量达到一定的高度。然后纺丝成形，再后加工。这些生产方法中，有些技术目前已经比较成熟。
有关参考资料见：1、CHANG S.，FASHEU M.，《Applied PolymerScience》，1983.28[10]，3289-3300。2、封守忠等《合成纤维工业》，1990[2]50-56。
本发明的目的是提供一种新的更简便、经济的高强聚酯纤维生产方法。
本发明的技术内容：将特性粘度一般在0.65左右的普通聚酯熔体纺丝成形，对初生丝进行适当加工，然后对纤维进行真空或氮气保护下的热处理，使纤维内部发生固相缩聚合反应，从而提高聚合物分子量，提高纤维强度。
在聚酯纤维中，聚合物中残留少量端羧基，在熔融缩聚合时加入的催化剂，此时仍然有效。当固态聚酯纤维加热到玻璃化温度以上、熔点以下时，大分子链获得足够的活动能力，使得大分子之间的再次缩聚合成为可能。纤维的比表面很大，在固相缩聚合过程中，反应副产物水和乙二醇比较容易从内部扩散到表面，从而反应速度较快。
本发明生产方法与现有生产方法比较，避免了高粘度熔体输送和纺丝工艺中的困难；为直接纺丝法制造高强聚酯纤维提供便利；从理论上讲，可以使纤维中聚合物的分子量尽可能地提高。因此，本发明生产方法更简便、经济、更有技术价值。
本发明生产方法的技术实施，是在后加工工序某适当的部位进行纤维的固相缩聚，或者在不同的后加工部位对纤维分别进行多次固相缩聚；也可以在切片固相缩聚、熔融(包括其它方法得到的高粘度熔体)纺丝后，在纤维后加工时再次进行固相缩聚，进一步提高聚合物分子量。纤维的固相聚合，可以采取类似尼龙-6纤维生产过程中压洗工序的工艺，进行真空或氮气环境下的热处理。
这种高强涤纶纤维的生产方法，可以推广到PBT纤维、尼龙纤维以及不织布、薄膜和其它塑料制品。

Claims (4)

1、一种新的高强涤纶纤维生产方法，其特征是：在聚酯熔融体纺丝成形后，在后加工过程中，对纤维进行固相缩聚合，提高纤维内部聚合物分子量以提高纤维强度。
2、根据权利要求1，在对聚酯切片固相缩聚合熔融纺丝后，对纤维进行固相聚合。
3、根据权利要求1，在对聚酯连续熔融聚合或化学偶合反应得到的高粘度熔体纺丝后，对纤维进行固相聚合。
4、根据权利要求1、2、3，在后加工过程中对纤维进行一次固相聚合或在不同部位进行多次固相聚合。
CN 90108746 1990-10-25 1990-10-25 一种高强涤纶纤维的生产方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1101486C (zh)

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CN1101486C true CN1101486C (zh) 2003-02-12

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CA2141768A1 (en) * 1994-02-07 1995-08-08 Tatsuro Mizuki High-strength ultra-fine fiber construction, method for producing the same and high-strength conjugate fiber
CN102950750B (zh) * 2011-08-20 2016-05-25 苏州敏喆机械有限公司 一种螺杆挤压机螺杆套筒分区加热装置

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