CN110137927B - Anti-surge circuit of electronic equipment and electronic equipment - Google Patents

Anti-surge circuit of electronic equipment and electronic equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110137927B
CN110137927B CN201910501937.XA CN201910501937A CN110137927B CN 110137927 B CN110137927 B CN 110137927B CN 201910501937 A CN201910501937 A CN 201910501937A CN 110137927 B CN110137927 B CN 110137927B
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circuit
switch unit
power output
power
surge
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CN110137927A (en
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董兆龙
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Hefei Lianbao Information Technology Co Ltd
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Hefei Lianbao Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/001Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off
    • H02H9/004Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection limiting speed of change of electric quantities, e.g. soft switching on or off in connection with live-insertion of plug-in units
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/005Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection avoiding undesired transient conditions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/28Modifications for introducing a time delay before switching
    • H03K17/284Modifications for introducing a time delay before switching in field effect transistor switches

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses electronic equipment's anti-surge circuit and electronic equipment, anti-surge circuit sets up between electronic equipment's power input end and power output end, includes: the first switch circuit comprises a first switch unit and a first control circuit with a soft start circuit, wherein the first switch unit and the first control circuit are connected with each other, the first control circuit is configured to judge whether the power output end is connected with an external device at least based on the acquired power parameter of the power output end, and if yes, the soft start circuit is used for controlling the soft start of the first switch unit, so that the current input by the power input end stably flows to the power output end; and the second switch circuit comprises a second switch unit, the second switch unit is connected with the first switch unit, and the direction of a body diode of the second switch unit is opposite to that of the body diode of the first switch unit. The anti-surge circuit can control the first switch unit to be in soft start after the electronic equipment is connected with the external equipment, so that the current of the power input end is stably output to the power output end.

Description

Anti-surge circuit of electronic equipment and electronic equipment
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of circuit control of electronic devices, and in particular, to an anti-surge circuit of an electronic device and an electronic device.
Background
Various types of electronic devices have interfaces for connecting external devices, and the external devices can perform operations such as data interaction with the electronic devices through the interfaces, for example, a computer has a USB interface, the external devices are USB devices, the USB devices can be connected to the USB interface and have a hot-plug function, and the electronic devices can perform operations such as data interaction with the USB devices through the USB interface. However, in the actual use process, the interface of the electronic device may generate a surge effect, i.e., a generated surge current, on the USB device and the electronic device itself, which may damage the USB device and the electronic device itself. For example, a USB device has a large capacitive load, and a large inrush current is instantaneously extracted from an interface, and at this time, an interface voltage is excessively extracted, so that a voltage supplied from a source of the electronic device is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide an anti-surge circuit for an electronic device, which can prevent the electronic device from generating a surge current to an external device connected thereto, and the electronic device.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme: an anti-surge circuit of an electronic device, the anti-surge circuit being disposed between a power input and a power output of the electronic device, the anti-surge circuit comprising:
the first switch circuit comprises a first switch unit and a first control circuit with a soft start circuit, wherein the first switch unit and the first control circuit are connected with each other, the first control circuit is configured to judge whether an external device is connected to the power output end at least based on the acquired power parameter of the power output end, if yes, the soft start circuit is used for controlling the first switch unit to be in soft start so that the current input by the power input end can stably flow to the power output end through the first switch unit;
and the second switch circuit comprises a second switch unit, the second switch unit is electrically connected with the first switch unit, and the direction of a body diode of the second switch unit is opposite to that of the body diode of the first switch unit, so that the current of the power output end is prevented from flowing to the first switch unit when the first switch unit is closed.
Preferably, the second switching circuit further includes a second control circuit connected to the second switching unit, and the second control circuit is configured to control the second switching unit to be fully turned on if it is detected that the current flowing through the second switching unit exceeds a preset reference value.
Preferably, the body diode of the first switching unit is directed toward the power input terminal to block a current input from the power input terminal from flowing when the first switching unit is turned off.
Preferably, the body diode of the second switching unit is directed toward the power output terminal;
when the first switch unit is turned on, the current input by the power input terminal is output to the power output terminal through the second switch unit.
Preferably, the first control circuit includes a comparator, an input side of the comparator is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal respectively, and the comparator is configured to compare voltages of the power input terminal and the power output terminal and generate a corresponding first control command according to a comparison result so as to control the first switch unit to be turned on or off.
Preferably, the first control command includes a first turn-on command, the soft start circuit is disposed between the first switching unit and the comparator, and the soft start circuit is configured to soft start the first switching unit according to the received first turn-on command.
Preferably, the soft start circuit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output side of the comparator, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the first capacitor.
Preferably, the anti-surge circuit further comprises an auxiliary circuit including an auxiliary power supply electrically connected to the power output terminal such that the power output terminal has a voltage higher than a voltage of the power input terminal when the external device is not connected.
Preferably, the auxiliary circuit further comprises a voltage regulator and a current source, and the auxiliary power supply is electrically connected to the power output terminal via the voltage regulator and the current source.
The embodiment of the application also provides electronic equipment, the electronic equipment has a first interface used for connecting external equipment, the electronic equipment further comprises the anti-surge circuit, the anti-surge circuit is connected with the first interface through the power output end of the electronic equipment, so that the first interface is used for preventing the external equipment from forming surge current when the external equipment is connected with the first interface.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: this prevent surge circuit can be after electronic equipment has connected external equipment, through the soft start of first switch unit of first control circuit control to stable exports the electric current of power input end to the power output end, and then exports external equipment, in order to avoid producing surge current.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between an electronic device and an external device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an anti-surge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various aspects and features of the present application are described herein with reference to the drawings.
It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present application. Accordingly, the foregoing description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the application.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with a general description of the application given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the application.
These and other characteristics of the present application will become apparent from the following description of preferred forms of embodiment, given as non-limiting examples, with reference to the attached drawings.
It should also be understood that, although the present application has been described with reference to some specific examples, a person of skill in the art shall certainly be able to achieve many other equivalent forms of application, having the characteristics as set forth in the claims and hence all coming within the field of protection defined thereby.
The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent in view of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Specific embodiments of the present application are described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the application, which can be embodied in various forms. Well-known and/or repeated functions and constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the application of unnecessary or unnecessary detail. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present application in virtually any appropriately detailed structure.
The specification may use the phrases "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in other embodiments," which may each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments in accordance with the application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship between an electronic device and an external device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-surge circuit for an electronic device, where the anti-surge circuit is disposed between a power input end and a power output end of the electronic device. The power input end of the electronic device can be powered by a system of the electronic device, namely, the power input end is supplied by a power source of the electronic device, and the power output end of the electronic device can transmit the power to the interface of the electronic device after receiving the power transmitted by the power input end so as to supply power to an external device connected to the interface. The surge prevention circuit includes:
and the first switch circuit comprises a first switch unit and a first control circuit with a soft start circuit, the first switch unit and the first control circuit are connected with each other, the first control circuit is configured to judge whether the power output end is connected with an external device at least based on the acquired power parameter of the power output end, if so, the soft start circuit is used for controlling the soft start of the first switch unit, so that the current input by the power input end flows to the power output end stably through the first switch unit. The external device may be a device connected to an interface of the electronic device, for example, the external device may be a USB device electrically connected to the electronic device through a USB interface of the electronic device, and the external device may have a large capacitive load, and when connected to the interface, the current at the power output terminal may be output to the external device through the interface. The power parameter of the power output end represents the power characteristic of the power output end, such as the current, the voltage or the power of the power output end, and the external equipment can cause the change of the power parameter after being connected with the power output end. The first control circuit can obtain the power parameter and determine whether the power output is directly or indirectly (e.g., via an interface) connected to the external device based on at least the power parameter (and may also be based on other power parameters), for example, when the electronic device is not connected to the external device, the voltage at the power output is high, and when the electronic device is connected to the external device, the voltage at the power output is reduced in a short time due to the capacitive load effect of the external device, and the first control circuit can determine that the external device is connected to the power output after obtaining the information. When the external equipment is connected to the power output end, the first control circuit controls the first switch unit to complete soft start within a preset time period by using a soft start circuit, namely, the output voltage of the first switch unit is slowly increased from zero to a rated voltage under the action of the soft start circuit, so that the first switch unit is slowly conducted, the current flowing through the first switch unit can be gradually increased until a preset current value is reached, the current of the power input end can pass through the first switch unit, the power can be stably transmitted to the power output end, surge current caused by the connection of the external equipment is prevented, and the soft start circuit can be formed by multiple forms, such as multiple electronic components, and is not limited herein.
And the second switch circuit comprises a second switch unit, the second switch unit is electrically connected with the first switch unit, and the direction of a body diode of the second switch unit is opposite to that of the body diode of the first switch unit so as to prevent the current of the power output end from flowing to the first switch unit when the first switch unit is closed. The body diode direction is the arrangement direction of the body diode in the switch unit (as indicated by the arrow indicating the body diode in the first switch unit in fig. 2), and is the direction toward the source when the switch unit is a P-type field effect transistor. The second switch unit is electrically connected with the first switch unit, and the direction of the body diode of the second switch unit is opposite to that of the body diode of the first switch unit, so that the current on one side where the second switch unit is located can be effectively prevented from flowing to the first switch unit, and the first switch unit cannot pass through the first switch unit due to the inrush of the current on one side where the second switch unit is located when the first switch unit does not receive a starting command. When the first switch unit is turned on, the second switch unit does not block the current flowing to the power output end through the first switch unit.
The anti-surge circuit can keep the power input end and the power output end in a disconnected state when the electronic equipment is not connected with external equipment, so that the power parameters of the power input end and the power output end of the electronic equipment cannot be changed. And after the electronic equipment is connected with external equipment, the first switch unit is controlled to be in soft start through the first control circuit, so that the current of the power input end is stably output to the power output end and then output to the external equipment, and the surge current is prevented from being generated.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the second switching circuit further includes a second control circuit connected to the second switching unit, and the second control circuit is configured to control the second switching unit to be fully turned on if it is detected that the current flowing through the second switching unit exceeds a preset reference value. The second control circuit is connected with the second switch unit and can detect the current flowing through the second switch unit, and when the second switch unit is not started, if current is inrush and the direction of the current is the same as the direction of a body diode of the second switch unit, the inrush current can also pass through the second switch unit, but the resistance is larger. When the second control circuit detects that the current flowing through the second switch unit exceeds the preset reference value, the second switch unit is controlled to be completely conducted, and the resistance value is reduced, so that the inrush current smoothly and efficiently passes through the second switch unit. If the electronic device is a computer and the external device is a USB device, the preset reference value may be set to 0.1A, in one embodiment, the first switch unit is disposed near the power input end, the second switch unit is disposed near the power output end, and when the second control circuit exceeds 0.1A, the first switch unit is considered to be turned on, so as to control the second switch unit to be completely turned on, thereby preventing the current from passing through the power input end, and enabling the current flowing from the power input end to be smoothly output to the power output end under the condition of a small resistance.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, on the one hand, the body diode of the first switch unit is oriented toward the power input end to block the current input from the power input end from flowing when the first switch unit is turned off.
The body diode of the second switch unit faces the power output end; when the first switch unit is turned on, the current input by the power input end is output to the power output end through the second switch unit.
Specifically, the body diode of the first switch unit is oriented toward the power input end (as shown in the direction of the arrow indicating the body diode in the first switch unit in fig. 2), so that the blocking of the current input from the power input end can be maintained when the first control circuit does not issue the turn-on command, for example, the external device is not connected to the electronic device, and the first control circuit can make a determination that the external device is not connected based on the power parameter of the power input end and/or the power output end, so as to maintain the turn-off state of the first switch unit, and the body diode of the first switch unit is oriented toward the power input end, so as to block the current input from the power input end.
The body diode of the second switch unit faces the power output end (as shown in the direction of the arrow representing the body diode in the second switch unit in fig. 2), the current at the power output end can be effectively blocked from flowing to the first switch unit when the electronic device is connected with an external device, and the first control circuit can switch on the first switch unit, because the body diode of the second switch unit faces the power output end, the current which is sent from the power input end and passes through the first switch unit can flow through the second switch unit.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the first control circuit includes a comparator, an input side of the comparator is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal respectively, and the comparator is configured to compare voltages of the power input terminal and the power output terminal and generate a corresponding first control command according to a comparison result to control the first switch unit to be turned on or off.
The comparator has an input side and an output side, and a corresponding first control command, such as a high level or a low level, is issued through the output side according to the power parameter of the input side. In this embodiment, the input side of the comparator is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal, respectively, and is capable of comparing voltages of the power input terminal and the power output terminal, and generating a corresponding first control command according to a comparison result. For example, when it is determined that the voltage of the power input terminal is higher than the voltage of the power output terminal, that is, no external device is connected to the power output terminal of the electronic device, a high level signal is issued and output to the first switching unit through the output side of the comparator, and the first switching unit maintains a turn-off state according to the high level signal. And when the voltage of the power input end is judged to be lower than the voltage of the power output end in a short time, namely the existing external equipment is connected to the power output end of the electronic equipment, a low level signal is sent out and is output to the first switch unit through the output side of the comparator, and the first switch unit is conducted according to the low level signal so as to enable the current of the power input end to flow through the first switch unit.
Referring again to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present application, the first control command includes a first turn-on command, the soft start circuit is disposed between the first switching unit and the comparator, and the soft start circuit is configured to soft start the first switching unit according to the received first turn-on command. Specifically, the first control command includes a first on command for controlling the first switching unit to be turned on, a first off command for controlling the first switching unit to be turned off, and the like. The first control circuit is provided with a soft start circuit, the soft start circuit can play a role in buffering the first switch unit from closing to opening, so that surge current cannot be caused by the fact that the first switch unit is immediately opened, namely, the current of the power input end is rapidly output to the power output end through the first switch unit due to the fact that the first switch unit is immediately opened, and then the surge phenomenon is formed. Since the soft start circuit is arranged between the first switch unit and the comparator, when the first conduction command sent by the first switch unit is received, the first switch unit can not immediately execute the first conduction command, but can be slowly conducted within a preset time period, namely slowly turned on, so that the current from the power input end is slowly increased until the current is increased to a final value. For example, when the first switch unit is a field effect transistor, the soft start circuit receives a low level signal sent by the comparator, and slowly changes the high level of the grid (control end) of the first switch unit into the low level, so as to control the first switch unit to be slowly conducted.
Referring again to fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present application, the soft start circuit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output side of the comparator, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the first capacitor. Specifically, the first resistor has a voltage reduction function, and when the comparator sends a low level signal, the first capacitor can be slowly discharged from a high level to finally reach a low level, that is, the gate (control end) of the first switch unit can be slowly changed from the high level to the low level, so that the first switch unit is controlled to be slowly turned on. One side of the first capacitor is connected with the first resistor, and the other side of the first capacitor is grounded. The first capacitor and the first resistor jointly form a soft start circuit. In another embodiment, the first resistor may be replaced by a first inductor, which can also achieve a similar effect as the first resistor.
In one embodiment of the present application, the anti-surge circuit further includes an auxiliary circuit, as shown in fig. 2, the auxiliary circuit includes an auxiliary power source, and the auxiliary power source is electrically connected to the power output terminal, so that the power output terminal has a voltage higher than that of the power input terminal when no external device is connected. Specifically, due to the blocking of the second switch unit and the fact that the power output end is not connected with the external device, the voltage of the power output end supported by the auxiliary power supply is higher than the voltage of the power input end (for example, 5.1V is higher than the voltage of the power input end by 5V) and does not drop, and therefore the basis for judging whether the external device is connected or not is provided for the comparator. If an external device is connected to the power output (e.g., via the first interface), this will cause a short drop in the voltage at the power output, which will typically be lower than the voltage at the power input, and then the voltage at the power output will be the same as the voltage at the power input, e.g., 5V.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the auxiliary circuit further includes a voltage regulator and a current source, and the auxiliary power supply is electrically connected to the power output terminal via the voltage regulator and the current source. The voltage stabilizer can stabilize the voltage of the auxiliary power supply, and the current source can limit the current and stabilize the voltage of the auxiliary power supply (such as forming stable 0.1mA current), so that the stable auxiliary power supply can be provided.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 1, where the electronic device has a first interface for connecting an external device, and the electronic device further includes an anti-surge circuit as described above, where the anti-surge circuit is connected to the first interface through a power output end of the electronic device, so as to prevent the first interface from forming surge current to the external device when the external device is connected to the first interface. The first interface can be various interfaces such as a USB interface.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An anti-surge circuit of an electronic device, the anti-surge circuit being provided between a power input terminal and a power output terminal of the electronic device, the anti-surge circuit comprising:
the first switch circuit comprises a first switch unit and a first control circuit with a soft start circuit, wherein the first switch unit and the first control circuit are connected with each other, the first control circuit is configured to judge whether an external device is connected to the power output end at least based on the acquired power parameter of the power output end, if yes, the soft start circuit is used for controlling the first switch unit to be in soft start so that the current input by the power input end can stably flow to the power output end through the first switch unit;
a second switching circuit including a second switching unit electrically connected to the first switching unit and having a body diode direction opposite to that of the first switching unit to block a current of the power output terminal from flowing to the first switching unit when the first switching unit is turned off; wherein,
the surge protection circuit further comprises an auxiliary circuit, wherein the auxiliary circuit comprises an auxiliary power supply which is electrically connected with the power output end, so that the voltage of the power output end is higher than that of the power input end when the external equipment is not connected;
the auxiliary circuit further comprises a voltage stabilizer and a current source, and the auxiliary power supply is electrically connected with the power output end through the voltage stabilizer and the current source.
2. The surge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the second switching circuit further comprises a second control circuit connected to the second switching unit, and the second control circuit is configured to control the second switching unit to be fully turned on if it is detected that the current flowing through the second switching unit exceeds a preset reference value.
3. The anti-surge circuit according to claim 1, wherein a body diode of the first switching unit is directed toward the power input terminal to block a current input from the power input terminal from flowing when the first switching unit is turned off.
4. The anti-surge circuit according to claim 3, wherein the body diode of the second switching unit is directed towards the power output;
when the first switch unit is turned on, the current input by the power input terminal is output to the power output terminal through the second switch unit.
5. The surge protection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first control circuit comprises a comparator, an input side of the comparator is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the power output terminal respectively, and the comparator is configured to compare voltages of the power input terminal and the power output terminal and generate a corresponding first control command according to a comparison result so as to control the first switch unit to be turned on or off.
6. The anti-surge circuit according to claim 5, wherein the first control command comprises a first turn-on command, wherein the soft start circuit is disposed between the first switching unit and the comparator, and wherein the soft start circuit is configured to soft start the first switching unit according to the received first turn-on command.
7. The surge protection circuit according to claim 6, wherein the soft start circuit comprises a first resistor and a first capacitor, one end of the first resistor is connected to the output side of the comparator, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the first capacitor.
8. An electronic device having a first interface for connecting an external device, the electronic device further comprising an anti-surge circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the anti-surge circuit being connected to the first interface through a power output of the electronic device to prevent the first interface from generating an inrush current to the external device when the external device is connected to the first interface.
CN201910501937.XA 2019-06-11 2019-06-11 Anti-surge circuit of electronic equipment and electronic equipment Active CN110137927B (en)

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CN113675830B (en) * 2021-10-20 2022-02-18 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 Hot plug device and input voltage overshoot suppression protection circuit thereof

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CN203250173U (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-10-23 惠州志顺电子实业有限公司 Apparatus for controlling power supply
CN104467395A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-03-25 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 Hot-plug power source system and power source control device and method
CN105375758A (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-02 意法半导体研发(深圳)有限公司 Boost converter possessing circuit of controlling body of boost output rectification transistor and method

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CN101226342A (en) * 2008-01-29 2008-07-23 芯硕半导体(中国)有限公司 Programmed control slow-starting high stabilization great current drive device
CN203250173U (en) * 2013-05-17 2013-10-23 惠州志顺电子实业有限公司 Apparatus for controlling power supply
CN105375758A (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-03-02 意法半导体研发(深圳)有限公司 Boost converter possessing circuit of controlling body of boost output rectification transistor and method
CN104467395A (en) * 2014-12-30 2015-03-25 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 Hot-plug power source system and power source control device and method

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