CN107979064A - A kind of interface protective circuit - Google Patents

A kind of interface protective circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107979064A
CN107979064A CN201810036516.XA CN201810036516A CN107979064A CN 107979064 A CN107979064 A CN 107979064A CN 201810036516 A CN201810036516 A CN 201810036516A CN 107979064 A CN107979064 A CN 107979064A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
current
zener diode
limiting resistance
voltage
fuse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810036516.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴齐
吴翔龙
吴伟
梁志锋
陈志军
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DONGGUAN GREENWAY BATTERY Co Ltd
Original Assignee
DONGGUAN GREENWAY BATTERY Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DONGGUAN GREENWAY BATTERY Co Ltd filed Critical DONGGUAN GREENWAY BATTERY Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810036516.XA priority Critical patent/CN107979064A/en
Publication of CN107979064A publication Critical patent/CN107979064A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/047Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a temperature responsive switch
    • H02H5/048Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using a temperature responsive switch additionally responsive to excess current due to heating of the switch

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of interface protective circuit, including:Fuse F1 connects with power input VIN;The zener diode TVS is connected with fuse F1;One end of the current-limiting resistance R1 is connected with fuse F1, and the other end is connected with current-limiting resistance R2;One end of current-limiting resistance R2 is connected with the base stage of triode Q1;One end of current-limiting resistance R3 is connected with the emitter of triode Q1, other end ground connection;One end of zener diode DZ1 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1;The base stage of triode Q1 is connected with current-limiting resistance R2, and collector is connected with the source electrode of PMOS tube M1, and emitter is connected with the grid of PMOS tube M1;The drain electrode of the PMOS tube M1 is connected with the power output end VOUT.The present invention does regulator circuit to determine protection electrical voltage point by resistance and zener diode; the characteristic for adding cut-out and the recovery of fuse carrys out quick response, and accomplishes to recover, while the effect also by the use of PMOS tube as conducting switch; reach reliably protecting subsequent conditioning circuit, ensure the purpose of circuit performance.

Description

A kind of interface protective circuit
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of circuit technology, more particularly to a kind of interface protective circuit.
Background technology
The stability of electronic circuit has a great impact for the working performance of device, and input power is subject to extraneous small dry Device working status or service life in circuit can all be affected by disturbing, and the pulse amplitude sometimes changed is very high and easily burns out device, So the interface protective circuit can also prevent to burn out device since signal interference produces larger caloric value, when input is more than some During the pressure voltage of device, it is possible to cause device failure.
Interface protective circuit, exactly in order to protect circuit-line to play the role of protective separation due to extraneous interference.Connect Mouth protection circuit is composed typically by the reverse-conducting characteristic of backward dioded and the switching characteristic of triode, but such as Its power characteristic of the triode of fruit selection does not meet the characteristic requirements of circuit, and protection circuit does not have corresponding protection not only and makees With, while can also influence the normal work of circuit.Zener diode does clamper, it is necessary to series limiting resistor.If current-limiting resistance It is too small, it is possible to which that beyond the power of zener diode, resistance is too big, the electric current of subsequent conditioning circuit is supplied, and be possible to deficiency.
Therefore, the technical problem that those skilled in the art need urgently to solve is exactly:How to innovate It is proposed a kind of measure, there is provided a kind of interface protective circuit, prevents input voltage excessive the problem of causing to burn out subsequent conditioning circuit.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of interface protective circuit, with solve it is existing in the prior art because For input terminal voltage it is excessive caused by burn out subsequent conditioning circuit the problem of.
The interface protective circuit includes:
Power input VIN, fuse F1, zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1, current-limiting resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, Current-limiting resistance R3, triode Q1, PMOS tube M1, power output end VOUT;
The power input VIN is used to provide power supply to circuit;
The fuse F1 connects with power input VIN, when the power input VIN input current values exceed the fusing During the setting electric current of device F1, electric current is excessive to cause caloric value excessive, and fuse disconnects, and the fuse F1 is disconnected;
One end of the zener diode TVS is connected with fuse F1, and other end ground connection, the zener diode TVS is used to produce Raw regulated output voltage, when input voltage is more than the turn-on voltage of the zener diode TVS, the zener diode TVS is turned on, and exports the voltage stabilizing value of setting, described when input voltage is less than the turn-on voltage of the zener diode TVS Zener diode TVS ends, output voltage 0;
One end of the current-limiting resistance R1 is connected with fuse F1, and the other end is connected with current-limiting resistance R2;
One end of the current-limiting resistance R2 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1, and the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q1;
One end of the current-limiting resistance R3 is connected with the emitter of triode Q1, other end ground connection;
One end of the zener diode DZ1 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1, other end ground connection, when input voltage is more than the voltage stabilizing During the turn-on voltage of diode DZ1, the zener diode DZ1 conductings, and the voltage stabilizing value of setting is exported, when input voltage is small When the turn-on voltage of the zener diode DZ1, the zener diode DZ1 cut-offs, output voltage 0;
The base stage of the triode Q1 is connected with the current-limiting resistance R2, and collector is connected with the source electrode of PMOS tube M1, emitter It is connected with the grid of PMOS tube M1;
The drain electrode of the PMOS tube M1 is connected with the power output end VOUT.
In another embodiment based on above-mentioned interface protective circuit, the zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1 Voltage stabilizing value be 5.1V.
In another embodiment based on above-mentioned interface protective circuit, the working range of the power input VIN is 3V To 4.2V.
In another embodiment based on above-mentioned interface protective circuit, the current-limiting resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, current limliting electricity The resistance value for hindering R3 is respectively 100K ohm, 2K ohm, 200K ohm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention includes advantages below:
The interface protective circuit of the present invention does regulator circuit to determine protection electrical voltage point by using resistance and zener diode, adds The characteristic for having entered cut-out and the recovery of fuse carrys out quick response, and accomplishes to recover, while is also used as conducting with PMOS tube The effect of switch, reach can reliable and stable protection subsequent conditioning circuit and circuit performance when not reducing normal work purpose.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing There is the attached drawing used in technology description to do one simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are of the invention Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also be according to this A little attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of one embodiment of the interface protective circuit of the present invention.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment only It is part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people Member's all other embodiments obtained without making creative work, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
A kind of interface protective circuit provided by the invention and detection method are carried out with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples more detailed Carefully illustrate.
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of one embodiment of the interface protective circuit of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, this connects Mouth protection circuit includes:
Power input VIN, fuse F1, zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1, current-limiting resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, Current-limiting resistance R3, triode Q1, PMOS tube M1, power output end VOUT;
The power input VIN is used to provide power supply to circuit;
The fuse F1 connects with power input VIN, when the power input VIN input current values exceed the fusing During the setting electric current of device F1, electric current is excessive to cause caloric value excessive, and fuse disconnects, and the fuse F1 is disconnected;
One end of the zener diode TVS is connected with fuse F1, and other end ground connection, the zener diode TVS is used to produce Raw regulated output voltage, when input voltage is more than the turn-on voltage of the zener diode TVS, the zener diode TVS is turned on, and exports the voltage stabilizing value of setting, described when input voltage is less than the turn-on voltage of the zener diode TVS Zener diode TVS ends, output voltage 0;
One end of the current-limiting resistance R1 is connected with fuse F1, and the other end is connected with current-limiting resistance R2;
One end of the current-limiting resistance R2 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1, and the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q1;
One end of the current-limiting resistance R3 is connected with the emitter of triode Q1, other end ground connection;
One end of the zener diode DZ1 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1, other end ground connection, when input voltage is more than the voltage stabilizing During the turn-on voltage of diode DZ1, the zener diode DZ1 conductings, and the voltage stabilizing value of setting is exported, when input voltage is small When the turn-on voltage of the zener diode DZ1, the zener diode DZ1 cut-offs, output voltage 0;
The base stage of the triode Q1 is connected with the current-limiting resistance R2, and collector is connected with the source electrode of PMOS tube M1, emitter It is connected with the grid of PMOS tube M1;
The drain electrode of the PMOS tube M1 is connected with the power output end VOUT.
The zener diode TVS, the voltage stabilizing value of zener diode DZ1 are 5.1V.
The working range of the power input VIN is 3V to 4.2V.
The current-limiting resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, the resistance value of current-limiting resistance R3 are respectively 100K ohm, 2K ohm, 200K ohm.
Since the input voltage of power input VIN is between 3V to 4.2V, and zener diode TVS, zener diode The voltage stabilizing value of DZ1 is 5.1V, and the zener diode DZ1 is not turned on, triode Q1 cut-offs, while the grid of PMOS tube and drain electrode Between have a voltage difference, so PMOS tube will turn on, the output voltage of power output end VOUT is equal to power input VIN's Voltage subtracts the conduction voltage drop of PMOS.At this time because zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1 are not turned on, will not increase extra Power consumption, do not reduce the load capacity of power supply yet;
When conducting voltage of the power input VIN inputs more than zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1, and it is less than fuse During the breakdown voltage of F1, zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1 conducting, by the base stage voltage stabilizing of triode Q1 in 5.1V, three Pole pipe Q1 will be turned on, and the conducting of triode Q1 is by the drain electrode of PMOS tube and source short, PMOS tube shut-off, so power output end VOUT output voltages are 0, have blocked output;
When power input VIN input due to voltage spikes it is excessive, cause electric current to rise, caloric value is excessive, and fuse F1 will melt It is disconnected, so as to play buffer action, the electronic loop that device is burnt out caused by power is excessive is cut off, is treated under circuit stability Come, will recover to connect again after fuse cooling, circuit recovers to work normally again;
Voltage stabilizing value to zener diode DZ1 is suitably adjusted, and protection voltage that can be to this circuit is adjusted;
Selection to the watt level of PMOS, is adapted to the adjusting to load capacity.
1st, under normal conditions, between 3V to 4.2V, zener diode DZ1 is not turned on VIN input voltages, and triode Q1 is cut Only, while between the grid of PMOS tube and drain electrode there is a larger pressure difference, so PMOS tube will turn on, power output end VOUT Voltage of the voltage equal to VIN subtract the conduction voltage drop of PMOS, power output end VOUT is no better than power input VIN, this Shi Yinwei zener diodes are not turned on, and will not increase extra power consumption, also do not reduce the load capacity of power supply;
2nd, when the due to voltage spikes of a 10V(Or continuous voltage)Introduce power input VIN, zener diode DZ1 conductings, by three The base stage voltage stabilizing of pole pipe Q1 will be turned in 5.1V, triode Q1, the drain electrode of the conducting of the triode Q1 PMOS tube by short circuit and source Pole, PMOS tube shut-off, so power output end VOUT outputs are 0, has blocked output.
3rd, when the due to voltage spikes bigger of power input VIN inputs, if interface circuit for normal working voltage is 24V Circuit on, the peak voltage of power input VIN reach 35V even bigger when, and operating current is in hundreds of milliamperes of ranks, this When fuse will rise a buffer action, cut off the electronic loop that device is burnt out caused by power is excessive, treat under circuit stability Come, will recover to connect again after fuse cooling, circuit recovers to work normally again;
4th, zener diode TVS is quick response device, therefore this circuit protection speed is very fast, the protection also strengthened it is effective Property;
5th, the voltage stabilizing value to zener diode DZ1 is suitably adjusted, and protection voltage that can be to this circuit is adjusted, right The principle and embodiment of PMOS tube are set forth, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand method of the invention And its core concept;Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, in embodiment and There will be changes in application range, in conclusion this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The present invention realizes the step of pressure stabilization function:
1st, a power supply signal for being more than zener diode DZ1 is accessed, zener diode DZ1 reverse breakdowns, then carry for triode For a stable base voltage;
2nd, triode Q1 base stages and emitter voltage drop are more than the VGS of triode ON, triode ON, the gate pole of PMOS tube and leakage Extreme pressure is reduced to the conduction voltage drop of triode, and PMOS tube will end, and cut off the output of power output end VOUT.
3rd, when input peak voltage it is very big, quickly when, zener diode TVS fast conductings, clamper lives input voltage, fusing Device F1 fuses, and treats that spike disappears after a certain period of time, and fuse F1 temperature is fallen after rise to be turned on again, continues to turn on power circuit.
Finally it should be noted that:The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used To modify to the technical solution described in foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic, Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on, should be included in the present invention's Within protection domain.

Claims (4)

  1. A kind of 1. interface protective circuit, it is characterised in that including:
    Power input VIN, fuse F1, zener diode TVS, zener diode DZ1, current-limiting resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, Current-limiting resistance R3, triode Q1, PMOS tube M1, power output end VOUT;
    The power input VIN is used to provide power supply to circuit;
    The fuse F1 connects with power input VIN, when the power input VIN input current values exceed the fusing During the setting electric current of device F1, the fuse F1 is disconnected;
    One end of the zener diode TVS is connected with fuse F1, and other end ground connection, the zener diode TVS is used to produce Raw regulated output voltage, when input voltage is more than the turn-on voltage of the zener diode TVS, the zener diode TVS is turned on, and exports the voltage stabilizing value of setting, described when input voltage is less than the turn-on voltage of the zener diode TVS Zener diode TVS ends, output voltage 0;
    One end of the current-limiting resistance R1 is connected with fuse F1, and the other end is connected with current-limiting resistance R2;
    One end of the current-limiting resistance R2 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1, and the other end is connected with the base stage of triode Q1;
    One end of the current-limiting resistance R3 is connected with the emitter of triode Q1, other end ground connection;
    One end of the zener diode DZ1 is connected with current-limiting resistance R1, other end ground connection, when input voltage is more than the voltage stabilizing During the turn-on voltage of diode DZ1, the zener diode DZ1 conductings, and the voltage stabilizing value of setting is exported, when input voltage is small When the turn-on voltage of the zener diode DZ1, the zener diode DZ1 cut-offs, output voltage 0;
    The base stage of the triode Q1 is connected with the current-limiting resistance R2, and collector is connected with the source electrode of PMOS tube M1, emitter It is connected with the grid of PMOS tube M1;
    The drain electrode of the PMOS tube M1 is connected with the power output end VOUT.
  2. 2. interface protective circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the zener diode TVS, zener diode The voltage stabilizing value of DZ1 is 5.1V.
  3. 3. interface protective circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the working range of the power input VIN For 3V to 4.2V.
  4. 4. interface protective circuit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the current-limiting resistance R1, current-limiting resistance R2, limit The resistance value of leakage resistance R3 is respectively 100K ohm, 2K ohm, 200K ohm.
CN201810036516.XA 2018-01-15 2018-01-15 A kind of interface protective circuit Pending CN107979064A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020119531A1 (en) * 2018-12-14 2020-06-18 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Surge protection circuit and terminal and surge voltage bleeding method for power interface
CN111313364A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-06-19 南通同洲电子有限责任公司 Overvoltage protection device and overvoltage protection method
EP3683922B1 (en) * 2019-01-17 2023-06-21 Japan Tobacco, Inc. Power supply unit for aerosol inhaler
EP4084250A4 (en) * 2020-01-21 2024-01-24 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Charging port protection apparatus and terminal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014146268A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Xiang Zhiyong Overvoltage protection circuit and method
CN104426119A (en) * 2013-08-26 2015-03-18 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 Power output protection circuit
CN107230965A (en) * 2017-08-07 2017-10-03 东莞博力威电池有限公司 Port multi-level protection circuit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014146268A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Xiang Zhiyong Overvoltage protection circuit and method
CN104426119A (en) * 2013-08-26 2015-03-18 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 Power output protection circuit
CN107230965A (en) * 2017-08-07 2017-10-03 东莞博力威电池有限公司 Port multi-level protection circuit

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020119531A1 (en) * 2018-12-14 2020-06-18 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Surge protection circuit and terminal and surge voltage bleeding method for power interface
EP3683922B1 (en) * 2019-01-17 2023-06-21 Japan Tobacco, Inc. Power supply unit for aerosol inhaler
CN111313364A (en) * 2019-11-29 2020-06-19 南通同洲电子有限责任公司 Overvoltage protection device and overvoltage protection method
EP4084250A4 (en) * 2020-01-21 2024-01-24 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Charging port protection apparatus and terminal

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Address after: 523000 Tongsha New Industrial Park, Dongcheng Street, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province

Applicant after: Guangdong Boliwei Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 523000 new industrial zone, Dongcheng District, Guangdong, Dongguan

Applicant before: DONGGUAN GREENWAY BATTERY Co.,Ltd.

RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
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Application publication date: 20180501