CN110137643B - Large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter with controllable bandwidth - Google Patents
Large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter with controllable bandwidth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter, which comprises: the filter comprises a first coaxial cavity, a second coaxial cavity, an input port, an output port, a first rectangular metal coupling sheet, a second rectangular metal coupling sheet, a first step impedance cake loading resonator, a second step impedance cake loading resonator and a coupling window, wherein the whole filter structure is of a symmetrical structure relative to the central plane of the coupling window. The invention not only realizes the cavity double-frequency filter with controllable center frequency, but also realizes the characteristic of large frequency ratio between the center frequencies of two pass bands. Meanwhile, the bandwidths of the two pass bands can be independently controlled within a certain range, and the filter has the beneficial effects of small size, high power capacity and simple design and processing, can meet the design requirements of a small-sized double-frequency communication system, and can be applied to microwave electronic systems such as mobile communication, radars, satellites and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cavity filter, in particular to a bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter.
Background
With the rapid development of wireless communication, the spectrum resources are increasingly strained. In order to reduce communication cost and improve spectrum utilization, the dual-band filter is the most commonly used multi-band filter, and becomes a research hotspot because the dual-band filter can be compatible with two key devices at the front end of a dual-band communication system with different standards. The coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter has the advantages of low insertion loss, high Q value (quality factor), high power capacity, high stability and the like, and is widely applied to high-selectivity narrow-band communication, and particularly, a radio frequency filter mainly based on the coaxial cavity filter is still one of key devices in a mobile communication base station, a satellite communication system and a military communication system.
In 2015, a Chengchang research team provides a method for designing a coaxial dual-frequency filter on IEEE MWCL by using a step-impedance dual-mode resonant cavity. In the filter, the coaxial inner conductor adopts a step impedance structure, controls the resonance frequency (frequency ratio is 2) of the third mode and the basic mode of the resonator through the electrical length and the impedance ratio thereof, adopts a spiral feed structure and a hybrid electromagnetic coupling structure, and fig. 1 is a frequency corresponding diagram of the filter. The method can improve the range of the center frequency ratio of the passband, but the frequency ratio which can be realized by the step impedance coaxial resonator is limited, and the independent control and adjustment of the bandwidths of the two passbands are difficult to realize. Therefore, the difficulty of the current cavity dual-frequency filter research is as follows: how to realize a cavity double-frequency filter with a large frequency ratio under the condition of ensuring that the bandwidths of two pass bands are controllable within a certain range.
The cake loading technology of the stepped impedance comes from the research of a planar dual-frequency filter working in the early period of the inventor, and a dual-mode resonance characteristic with a frequency ratio of more than 4 can be realized by adopting a short-circuit stepped impedance resonator (SLQSIR) loaded by a branch node. The resonance frequency of the third-order mode is shown by theta through the equivalent circuit analysis of the resonator3And theta4Determining the resonant frequency of the fundamental mode from θopAre independently determined and thus are independently controllable in two modes. However, in the filter of the prior art, it is difficult to realize a large frequency ratio under the condition that the bandwidths of the two passbands are controllable within a certain range.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency broadband filter with compact structure, small size, low cost, high Q value and high power capacity, aiming at the above defects of the prior art.
The invention solves the technical problem by adopting the technical scheme that a bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter is constructed, and the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter comprises: the first coaxial cavity, the second coaxial cavity, the input port, the output port, the first rectangular metal coupling sheet, the second rectangular metal coupling sheet, the first step impedance pie loading resonator, the second step impedance pie loading resonator and the coupling window; the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter is symmetrical about the central plane of the coupling window; the first coaxial cavity and the second coaxial cavity are both hollow cubes; the input port sends an input signal to the first rectangular metal coupling sheet; the output port receives the output signal transmitted by the second rectangular metal coupling sheet; the first rectangular metal coupling piece and the second rectangular metal coupling piece are feed structures of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter and are used for controlling Q values of two pass bands; the first step impedance pie slice loading resonator and the second step impedance pie slice loading resonator are resonance structures of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter and are used for generating a basic mode and a tertiary mode which form two pass bands; the coupling window is a coupling structure of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter and is used for controlling K values of two pass bands.
In the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter, the first rectangular metal coupling piece and the second rectangular metal coupling piece are respectively connected with the input port and the output port through the extension lines of the inner conductors of the interfaces, the positions of the upper ends of the first rectangular metal coupling piece and the second rectangular metal coupling piece control the low-frequency passband Q value generated by the fundamental mode, and the positions of the lower ends of the first rectangular metal coupling piece and the second rectangular metal coupling piece control the high-frequency passband Q value generated by the tertiary mode.
In the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter, the first step-up impedance cake loading resonator and the second step-up impedance cake loading resonator are formed by connecting a thick metal solid cylinder, a loaded metal cake and a thin metal solid cylinder in series, one end of the thick metal solid cylinder is an open end, and one end of the thin metal solid cylinder is welded at the centers of the bottom surfaces of the first coaxial cavity and the second coaxial cavity.
In the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter, the coupling window comprises an upper window, a middle window and a lower window, the upper window provides electric coupling, the lower window provides magnetic coupling, and the middle window independently controls the electric coupling between the metal wafers.
In the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter, the first coaxial cavity and the second coaxial cavity are surrounded by six metal surfaces.
The filter not only realizes the cavity double-frequency filter with controllable central frequency, but also realizes the characteristic of large frequency ratio between the central frequencies of two pass bands. Meanwhile, the bandwidths of the two pass bands can be independently controlled within a certain range, and the filter has the beneficial effects of small size, high power capacity and simple design and processing.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a frequency response diagram of a coaxial dual-frequency filter designed by a dual-mode resonant cavity with step impedance in the literature;
FIG. 2 is a 3-dimensional view of a bandwidth controllable large frequency ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a bandwidth controllable large frequency ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a rectangular metal coupling plate as the input feed structure of the filter proposed by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a resonant structure of the filter proposed by the present invention-a first step impedance pie-piece loaded resonator;
FIG. 6 is a coupling structure of a filter, three-window coupling window, according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the change in the first two resonant modes of a stepped impedance pie-loaded resonator as a function of the radius r of the loaded pie-piece;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the frequency response of the filter according to the present invention as the length T1 of the lower end of the rectangular metal coupling piece changes;
fig. 9 is a diagram showing simulation results of transmission response of the proposed filter according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to realize the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio cavity double-frequency filter, the invention adopts a step impedance cake loading technology to realize the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial double-frequency filter, and the specific design principle is as follows:
1. principle of dual-band implementation
The structure of the bandwidth-controllable cavity dual-frequency filter with large frequency ratio is shown in fig. 2-3, fig. 4 is a feed structure, fig. 5 is a stepped impedance pie loading resonator, and fig. 6 is a coupling structure. The first two modes of the resonator are loaded by the pie slice of step impedance (wherein the first resonance mode is a basic mode, and the second mode is a third-order mode), so that the dual-frequency characteristic is realized.
2. A large frequency ratio implements the principle.
The large frequency ratio can be realized by the dual-frequency filter because the resonance frequencies of the first two resonance modes of the stepped-impedance pie-piece loaded resonator are large frequency ratios. The principle is as follows: 1. the high-impedance end of the step impedance resonator is arranged at the short-circuit end, and the frequency ratio is increased; 2. the pie loading structure is equivalent to a planar branch loading structure, the frequency ratio can be further increased along with the increase of the radius of the pie loading structure, as shown in fig. 5, the resonance frequency of the basic mode of the resonator is continuously reduced along with the increase of the radius r of the pie loading structure, and the resonance frequency of the tertiary mode of the resonator is basically unchanged. Under the comprehensive action of the two structures, the double-frequency filter provided by the invention has a large frequency ratio characteristic, and meanwhile, the size of the loaded wafer can also independently control the central frequency of a low-frequency passband.
3. Realization principle of controllable bandwidth
The double-frequency filter not only has controllable center frequencies of two pass bands, but also can realize bandwidth through a feed structure and a coupling structure. As shown in fig. 4, the feed structure is implemented by using a rectangular metal coupling sheet, and since the electric field distribution of the fundamental mode and the tertiary mode is different, the electric field distribution of the fundamental mode is strongest at the open end of the resonator, and the electric field distribution of the fundamental mode is weaker near the cake, the position of the upper end of the rectangular metal coupling sheet mainly controls the low-frequency passband Q value (Q1) generated by the fundamental mode. And the electric field distribution of the third mode is stronger near the pie slice, so the position of the lower end of the rectangular metal coupling piece mainly controls the Q value (Q2) of the high-frequency passband generated by the third mode. As shown in fig. 8, as the length T1 of the lower end of the rectangular metal coupling plate increases, the Q1 of the low-frequency pass band is substantially unchanged, while the Q2 of the high-frequency pass band is greatly changed. Therefore, the Q value (Q2) of the high frequency pass band can be independently controlled by T1. The K values of the two pass bands are determined by the coupling window between the two resonant cavities, as shown in fig. 7, the coupling window adopts a 3-window structure, wherein the upper window provides electric coupling, the lower window provides magnetic coupling, the upper and lower windows jointly control the K values of the two pass bands, and the middle window independently controls the electric coupling between the wafers. Therefore, when designing the K value, the K value (K2) of the high-frequency passband is realized through the electric coupling and the magnetic coupling of the upper window and the lower window, and the size of the middle window is used for adjusting the K value (K1) of the low-frequency passband.
The invention aims to overcome the defect of the prior art that the cavity double-frequency filter with large frequency ratio is difficult to realize under the condition that the two pass band bandwidths are controllable in a certain range. By adopting a step impedance cake loading technology, the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency broadband filter with compact structure, small volume, low cost, high Q value and high power capacity is provided. The filter can meet the design requirements of miniaturization and high power capacity, and can be applied to microwave electronic systems such as base stations, radars, remote sensing and the like in mobile communication. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a step impedance cake loading technology is adopted to realize a step impedance cake loading resonator, and a rectangular metal coupling sheet and a 3-window structure are adopted to realize a feed structure and a coupling structure with controllable bandwidth.
The present invention is further described with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.
For clarity of description of the invention, fig. 2-3 are a three-dimensional view and a side view, respectively, of the invention, a bandwidth controllable large frequency ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter, comprising: the coaxial coupling structure comprises a first coaxial cavity 1, a second coaxial cavity 2, an input port 3, an output port 4, a first rectangular metal coupling sheet 5, a second rectangular metal coupling sheet 6, a first step impedance pie loading resonator 7, a second step impedance pie loading resonator 8 and a coupling window 9.
The first coaxial cavity 1 and the second coaxial cavity 2 are hollow cubes surrounded by six metal surfaces, one metal surface of each of the first coaxial cavity 1 and the second coaxial cavity 2 is coplanar to form a coupling window 9, the input port 3 and the output port 4 are respectively arranged on the input side of the first coaxial cavity 1 and the output side of the second coaxial cavity 2, and the first step impedance pie piece loading resonator 7 and the second step impedance pie piece loading resonator 8 are respectively welded at the center of the bottom surface of the first coaxial cavity 1 and the center of the bottom surface of the second coaxial cavity 2.
Further, the input port 3 and the output port 4 are respectively connected with the first rectangular metal coupling piece 5 and the second rectangular metal coupling piece 6 through extension lines of inner conductors of the interfaces. The upper end of the rectangular metal coupling piece is mainly positioned to control the low-frequency passband Q value (Q1) generated by the fundamental mode, and the lower end of the rectangular metal coupling piece is mainly positioned to control the high-frequency passband Q value (Q2) generated by the cubic mode, and fig. 4 shows an input end feed structure of the filter, i.e., a rectangular metal coupling piece 5b, which is connected with the input port 3 through an interface inner conductor extension line 5 a.
Further, the first stepped-impedance pie-piece loaded resonator 7 and the second stepped-impedance pie-piece loaded resonator 8 are also symmetrical structures. Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a first step impedance pie loading resonator, which is formed by connecting a thick metal solid cylinder 7a, a loaded metal pie 7b and a thin metal solid cylinder 7c in series, wherein the upper end of the thick metal solid cylinder 7a is an open end, and the lower end of the thin metal solid cylinder is welded at the center of the bottom surface of a first coaxial cavity 1.
Further, the coupling window 9 has a three-window structure. Fig. 7 is a structure diagram of a three-window coupling window, in which an upper window 9a provides electric coupling, a lower window 9c provides magnetic coupling, the upper and lower windows control the K values of two pass bands together, and a middle window 9b independently controls the electric coupling between the wafers, since the electric field of the wafers only affects the fundamental mode and does not affect the third-order mode, the middle window 9b can independently control the K value of the low-frequency pass band realized by the fundamental mode, when designing the K value, the K value of the high-frequency pass band (K2) is realized by the electric coupling and the magnetic coupling of the upper and lower windows, and the size of the middle window is used to adjust the K value of the low-frequency pass band (K1).
According to the above embodiment, the cavity in this embodiment has the dimensions of 12mm long, 12mm wide and 40mm high. The filter is made of metal, in this embodiment made of metallic aluminum, and silver plated on the surface to reduce loss. The simulation result of the transmission response of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter is shown in fig. 9. The center frequency of the low-frequency passband of the filter is 1.2GHz, the passband bandwidth is 30MHz, the center frequency of the high-frequency passband is 5.8GHz, the passband bandwidth is 60MHz, the center frequency ratio of the two passbands is 4.83, and the in-band return loss S of the two passbands11Are all below 20 dB.
The bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter provided by the embodiment of the invention has two dual-passband characteristics with controllable center frequency and controllable bandwidth, a larger passband center frequency ratio and a smaller size, can meet the design requirements of a small dual-frequency communication system, can be applied to microwave electronic systems such as mobile communication, radars, remote sensing and the like, and is worthy of popularization. The present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above-mentioned embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and substitutions without departing from the principle of the present invention, for example, changing the coupling window to other shapes (double window, four window), changing the coupling position of the feeder line, changing the coaxial cavity of the cubic shape to other shapes, and using other metals for machining or plating, and these modifications and substitutions also fall within the protection scope of the present patent.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a controllable big frequency ratio of bandwidth is with axle chamber dual-frequency filter which characterized in that includes: the first coaxial cavity, the second coaxial cavity, the input port, the output port, the first rectangular metal coupling sheet, the second rectangular metal coupling sheet, the first step impedance pie loading resonator, the second step impedance pie loading resonator and the coupling window; the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter is symmetrical about the central plane of the coupling window; the first coaxial cavity and the second coaxial cavity are both hollow cubes; the input port sends an input signal to the first rectangular metal coupling sheet; the output port receives the output signal transmitted by the second rectangular metal coupling sheet; the first rectangular metal coupling piece and the second rectangular metal coupling piece are feed structures of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter and are used for controlling Q values of two pass bands; the first step impedance pie slice loading resonator and the second step impedance pie slice loading resonator are resonance structures of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter and are used for generating a basic mode and a tertiary mode which form two pass bands; the coupling window is a coupling structure of the bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter and is used for controlling the coupling coefficients of two pass bands;
the first step impedance pie slice loading resonator and the second step impedance pie slice loading resonator are formed by connecting a thick metal solid cylinder, a loaded metal pie slice and a thin metal solid cylinder in series, one end of the thick metal solid cylinder is an open end, one end of the thin metal solid cylinder is welded at the centers of the bottom surfaces of the first coaxial cavity and the second coaxial cavity, and pie slice loading points are positioned at three-point positions of the whole solid cylinder close to the open end.
2. The bandwidth-controllable large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-band filter according to claim 1, wherein the first rectangular metal coupling strip is connected to the input port through an inner conductor extension line of an interface, the second rectangular metal coupling strip is connected to the output port through an inner conductor extension line of an interface, the positions of the upper ends of the first rectangular metal coupling strip and the second rectangular metal coupling strip control a low-frequency passband Q value generated by a fundamental mode, and the positions of the lower ends of the first rectangular metal coupling strip and the second rectangular metal coupling strip control a high-frequency passband Q value generated by a cubic mode, wherein the upper end is a range above the inner conductor extension line of the interface in the rectangular metal coupling strip, and the lower end is a range below the inner conductor extension line of the interface in the rectangular metal coupling strip.
3. The controllable-bandwidth large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter according to claim 2, wherein the coupling windows comprise an upper window, a middle window and a lower window, the upper window provides electrical coupling, the lower window provides magnetic coupling, and the middle window independently controls electrical coupling between the metal wafers.
4. The bandwidth-controllable large frequency ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter according to claim 1, wherein the first coaxial cavity and the second coaxial cavity are surrounded by six metal surfaces.
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| CN114204236B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-10-21 | 井冈山大学 | Cavity double-frequency broadband filter with large frequency ratio |
| CN114188684B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-10-21 | 井冈山大学 | Small medium loading filter with wide stop band |
| CN114204237B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-10-21 | 井冈山大学 | Small-size medium loading double-frequency filter of little frequency ratio |
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Effective date of registration: 20230519 Address after: No. 88 Youkeyuan Road, Donghu New Technology Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430205 Patentee after: CITIC Mobile Communication Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Wuhan Hongxin Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 230000 floor 1, building 2, phase I, e-commerce Park, Jinggang Road, Shushan Economic Development Zone, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: Dragon totem Technology (Hefei) Co.,Ltd. |
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Address after: 430205 No.1 tanhu 2nd Road, Canglong Island, Jiangxia District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: CITIC Mobile Communication Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Wuhan Hongxin Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 88 Youkeyuan Road, Donghu New Technology Zone, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430205 Patentee before: CITIC Mobile Communication Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Wuhan Hongxin Technology Development Co.,Ltd. |
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