CN110133367A - A kind of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load - Google Patents
A kind of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load Download PDFInfo
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- CN110133367A CN110133367A CN201910516309.9A CN201910516309A CN110133367A CN 110133367 A CN110133367 A CN 110133367A CN 201910516309 A CN201910516309 A CN 201910516309A CN 110133367 A CN110133367 A CN 110133367A
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- microwave
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- millimeter wave
- heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/02—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by thermal methods, e.g. calorimetric
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of loads of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter, comprising: the dry load of microwave, liquid circulation and passage of heat, fluid passage entrance, liquid channel outlet, waveguide mode conversion device, adiabatic apparatus, seal casinghousing；Seal casinghousing is fixed in the inner cavity of adiabatic apparatus, the dry load of microwave is mounted in the cavity of seal casinghousing, waveguide mode conversion device input terminal extends to outside adiabatic apparatus, waveguide mode conversion device output end is connect with the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave, and waveguide mode conversion device is used to be converted to the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave the Waveguide interface of standard specification；It is liquid circulation and passage of heat between the dry load of microwave and seal casinghousing inner wall, fluid passage entrance and liquid channel outlet is equipped between adiabatic apparatus and seal casinghousing；The load can overcome in the prior art directly measurement and high-power water load method to be unable to measure millimeter wave power of the several watts to several hectowatts, and the problem that coupling measurement method precision is inadequate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the microwave power measurement fields of millimeter wave frequency band, and in particular, to a kind of millimeter wave calorimetric declines
The load of wave power meter.
Background technique
In Radio Measurements key parameters as defined in International Bureau of Wieghts and Measurements, power is most basic amount, and millimeter wave power is surveyed
No matter amount all plays an important role in commercial communication or in military and national defense field.Usual small-power millimeter wave (milliwatt amount
Grade) it can directly and accurately be measured by existing business machine.It can be with when low-power millimeter wave (several watts to hundreds of watts) in measurement
The low power microwave of an equal proportion is obtained by directional coupler, low power microwave is then directly measured, then according to used in
The coefficient of coup of device obtains microwave power, but coefficient of coup coefficient of these devices under different frequency and different capacity is all
It can change, cause measurement accuracy not high.Calorimetric water load can also be used for millimeter wave power measurement, and this load is with certain
Rate flowing water is as microwave absorption medium, and microwave energy is depleted in water and is converted into the thermal energy of water, by measuring water
The temperature difference for loading entrance, can calculate microwave power by formula.But this measurement method contributes to greatly at present
Power millimeter wave measurement, power is generally more than kilowatt magnitude, and otherwise precision not can guarantee.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of loads of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter, it is therefore an objective to overcome directly measurement and big function
Rate water load method is unable to measure several watts to the millimeter wave power of several hectowatts, and the problem that coupling measurement method precision is inadequate.
For achieving the above object, described this application provides a kind of load of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter
Load includes:
The dry load of microwave, liquid circulation and passage of heat, fluid passage entrance, liquid channel outlet, waveguide mode conversion
Device, adiabatic apparatus, seal casinghousing；
Adiabatic apparatus and seal casinghousing are cavity type, and seal casinghousing is fixed in the inner cavity of adiabatic apparatus, and microwave is dry negative
Load is mounted in the cavity of seal casinghousing, and waveguide mode conversion device input terminal extends to outside adiabatic apparatus, waveguide mode conversion device
Output end is connect with the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave, and waveguide mode conversion device is used to convert the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave
For the Waveguide interface of standard specification；It is liquid circulation and passage of heat, insulation dress between the dry load of microwave and seal casinghousing inner wall
It sets and is equipped with fluid passage entrance and liquid channel outlet between seal casinghousing.
The dry load of microwave is made of cavity, solid absorbing material, has the characteristics that standing-wave ratio low in working frequency range, that is, only has
Small part microwave energy is reflected back, and guarantees that microwave energy is absorbed by absorbing material and is converted to thermal energy；Wherein solid is inhaled
Wave material can have the material of superior absorbent millimeter wave property for silicon carbide, carbon dust etc..
The microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave is converted to the Waveguide interface of standard specification by waveguide mode conversion device, keeps microwave dry
Load can guarantee reflection and damage low as far as possible in the transmission process of microwave energy with the connection of the matching of waveguide of standard specification
Consumption.
Liquid circulation is close to generate the part of heat in absorbing material with passage of heat, and liquid media is enable uniformly to exist
Thermal energy is flowed and absorbed in channel, makes system that can form stable temperature in the entrance of fluid passage in normal work
Difference, wherein liquid media can be water, alcohol, kerosene, ether etc..
Fluid passage interface is made of liquid inlet and liquid outlet, and wherein liquid inlet is as far as possible far from the dry load of microwave
The part for generating heat, avoids thermal energy from being transmitted at liquid inlet by liquid or fluid passage wall.And liquid outlet is remote as far as possible
Loading interfaces part is done from microwave, avoids thermal energy from doing loading interfaces by microwave and is transmitted to the external world.
Adiabatic apparatus is cavity body structure, is made of heat-insulating material or metal vacuum technique, and the dry load of microwave, liquid are followed
Ring wraps up wherein with passage of heat and reserves fluid passage interface and microwave does loading interfaces and can connect with the external world, protects as far as possible
It demonstrate,proves the thermal energy that the dry load of microwave generates and does not carry out heat exchange with the external world.
Wherein, the millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter includes:
The load, circulation constant temperature module, 2 temperature measurement modules, data acquisition and post-processing module, flowmeter and controller
Module；
The load is cavity body structure, the electromagnetism field energy for the millimeter wave that cavity body structure generates millimeter wave power source to be measured
Amount absorbs and is converted to heat and delivers heat to cavity wall, and cavity wall is equipped with liquid medium channel；
Circulation constant temperature module persistently takes away the heat that the load generates, and control liquid and exist for generating liquid circulation
The temperature of the load inlet is constant；
2 temperature measurement modules are respectively used to measurement and flow into the fluid temperature of the load inlet and flow out described load out
Fluid temperature at mouthful；
Flowmeter and controller module, for controlling and measuring the flow of liquid；
Data acquisition and post-processing module, temperature data and flowmeter and control for measuring 2 temperature measurement modules
Microwave power value is obtained by calculation into computer or embedded system in the flow data collector of device module measurement.
One or more technical solution provided by the present application, at least has the following effects that or advantage:
1. the present invention overcome directly measurement and high-power water load be unable to measure several watts to several hectowatts millimeter wave power, and
The inadequate problem of coupling measurement method precision.
2. the measurable millimeter-wave frequency bandwidth of the present invention is larger, workable range is larger.
3. the present invention can adjust the flow velocity for loading interior liquid medium according to surveyed millimeter wave power, to widen power survey
Amount range and the measurement accuracy being optimal.
4. the present invention has done insulated design in outermost layer, measurement accuracy is further improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further understand the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the dry load of microwave；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the inside of adiabatic apparatus；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter.
Specific embodiment
To better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting mutually, the application's
Feature in embodiment and embodiment can be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also
Implemented with being different from the other modes being described herein in range using other, therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by under
The limitation of specific embodiment disclosed in face.
Present system structure is as shown in Figure 1, the load includes:
The dry load 5 of microwave, liquid circulation and passage of heat 4, fluid passage entrance 3, liquid channel outlet 6, waveguide mode
Converter 2, adiabatic apparatus 1, seal casinghousing 7；
Adiabatic apparatus and seal casinghousing are cavity type, and seal casinghousing is fixed in the inner cavity of adiabatic apparatus, and microwave is dry negative
Load is mounted in the cavity of seal casinghousing, and waveguide mode conversion device input terminal extends to outside adiabatic apparatus, waveguide mode conversion device
Output end is connect with the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave, and waveguide mode conversion device is used to convert the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave
For the Waveguide interface of standard specification；It is liquid circulation and passage of heat, insulation dress between the dry load of microwave and seal casinghousing inner wall
It sets and is equipped with fluid passage entrance and liquid channel outlet between seal casinghousing.Liquid medium used is water.
The dry support structures of specific microwave are as shown in Figure 2.Including microwave entrance 8, cylindric oxygen-free copper metal cavity 9 is inhaled
Wave material carbon dust 10.Absorbing material carbon dust is processed as the overall structure of a solid, fills cylindrical metal chamber and leaves back taper
Cavity.The size of metal cavity is diameter 32mm, long 165mm, and microwave entrance is connected using flange with mode converter.It is connecing
After the mode converter for entering diameter 32mm transformation standard rectangular waveguide WR28, input signal standing-wave ratio is in 30-38GHz standing-wave ratio
Less than 1.15.
Specific liquid circulation and the dry load cavity of passage of heat, fluid passage interface and microwave pass through machining and weldering
It connects to form an oxygen-free copper metal structure, structure is as shown in Figure 3.Including the dry load cavity 11 of microwave, liquid channel outlet 13, liquid
Body feeder connection 14, liquid circulation and passage of heat 15.Spiral helicine flow-guiding channel makes liquid medium around the dry load stream of microwave
Move and take away the thermal energy that the dry load of microwave generates.
Wherein adiabatic apparatus is cuboid cavity body structure, having a size of 40cm*15cm*15cm, by the glass with heat insulation
Glass fiberboard is made, and is fixed therein and reserves fluid passage interface and micro- for the dry load of microwave, liquid circulation and passage of heat
Wave mode converter interface can connect with the external world, while seal cavity reduces internal gas thermal convection, ensure that adiabatic apparatus
Heat insulation.
Wherein fluid passage interface is NPT-1/8 hickey, and fluid passage entrance does loading interfaces close to microwave
Place, liquid channel outlet form liquid surely in fluid passage entrance and outlet when system works in microwave dry load tail end
Fixed temperature difference.
Referring to FIG. 4, the millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter includes:
The load, circulation constant temperature module, 2 temperature measurement modules, data acquisition and post-processing module, flowmeter and controller
Module；
The load is cavity body structure, the electromagnetism field energy for the millimeter wave that cavity body structure generates millimeter wave power source to be measured
Amount absorbs and is converted to heat and delivers heat to cavity wall, and cavity wall is equipped with liquid medium channel；
Circulation constant temperature module persistently takes away the heat that the load generates, and control liquid and exist for generating liquid circulation
The temperature of the load inlet is constant；
2 temperature measurement modules are respectively used to measurement and flow into the fluid temperature of the load inlet and flow out described load out
Fluid temperature at mouthful；
Flowmeter and controller module, for controlling and measuring the flow of liquid；
Data acquisition and post-processing module, temperature data and flowmeter and control for measuring 2 temperature measurement modules
Microwave power value is obtained by calculation into computer or embedded system in the flow data collector of device module measurement.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the present application, the liquid medium position pure water in the millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter
Or alcohol or kerosene or ether.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the present application, circulation constant temperature module includes: perseverance in the millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter
Warm machine, liquid medium transmission channel, circulating pump；Liquid medium transmission channel head and the tail both ends respectively with the loaded liquid entrance and
Loaded liquid outlet connection, constant temperature machine are used to control the temperature of liquid, and circulating pump is for generating circulation power.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the present application, 2 temperature measurement modules are measured in the millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter
Temperature data and the flow data collector of flowmeter and controller module measurement pass through into computer or embedded system
Microwave power value is calculated, specifically:
According to Thermodynamics Formulas:
Q=Cm Δ T (1)
Wherein: Q: heat, power, unit are joule (J)
C: specific heat capacity, it is assumed that medium is water, the specific heat capacity of water are as follows: 4200 burnt/(kilogram * degrees Celsius), (J/ (kg DEG C))
M: quality, unit are kilogram (kg)
Δ T: temperature change absolute value, unit be degree Celsius, DEG C.
By transformation, (1) formula is variable are as follows:
P=70 Δ v Δ T (2)
P is the performance number measured, and unit is watt, and Δ v is flow, unit are as follows: liter/min (L/min)
According to (2) formula, power easily can be obtained by calculation in the temperature difference measured and water flow.
Wherein, in the embodiment of the present application, a kind of calorimetric milli is additionally provided based on millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter
Low-power measurement method in metric wave, which comprises
Step 1: low-power measurement system is calibrated；
Step 2: millimeter wave power source to be measured and the load being attached, millimeter wave power source to be measured is generated
Millimeter wave be transmitted to the load；
Step 3: the temperature and flow velocity of liquid are controlled by circulation constant temperature module；
Step 4: reason data acquisition and post-processing module acquire the measurement of 2 temperature measurement modules temperature data and flowmeter and
The data on flows of controller module measurement, and the microwave power in millimeter wave power source to be measured is calculated in the data based on acquisition
Value.
Wherein, the load in millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter is cavity body structure, and inside cavity is by carbon dust, stone
The material of absorbing millimeter wave of black nano material composition, is converted into the thermal energy in absorbing material, then transit chamber for the energy of millimeter wave
Body delivers heat to the liquid media in sinuous fluid passage, and liquid media can be water, alcohol, kerosene, ether etc..
Millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter overcomes directly measurement and high-power water load method to be unable to measure several watts to several hundred
Watt millimeter wave power, and the problem that coupling measurement method precision is inadequate.
Millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter uses thermostat module in circulating liquid channel, it is ensured that inhales in liquid in power
The temperature received at module inlet is constant, it is ensured that the stabilization of inlet temperature is conducive to the stabilization of temp measuring system, is conducive to improve function
The precision and stability of rate measurement.
Millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter uses superhigh precision temperature measurement module, high-precision low flow velocity flowmeter and control
Device realizes the measurement of high-precision several watts-a few hectowatts millimeter wave calorimetric.
Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the scope of the invention.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of load of millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter, which is characterized in that the load includes:
The dry load of microwave, liquid circulation and passage of heat, fluid passage entrance, liquid channel outlet, waveguide mode conversion device, absolutely
Thermal, seal casinghousing；
Adiabatic apparatus and seal casinghousing are cavity type, and seal casinghousing is fixed in the inner cavity of adiabatic apparatus, the dry load peace of microwave
In the cavity of seal casinghousing, waveguide mode conversion device input terminal is extended to outside adiabatic apparatus, the output of waveguide mode conversion device
It holds and is connect with the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave, waveguide mode conversion device is used to the microwave entrance of the dry load of microwave being converted to mark
The Waveguide interface of quasi- specification；Be liquid circulation and passage of heat between the dry load of microwave and seal casinghousing inner wall, adiabatic apparatus with
Fluid passage entrance and liquid channel outlet are equipped between seal casinghousing.
2. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dry load packet of microwave
Include: metal cavity, solid absorbing material, solid absorbing material are located in metal cavity.
3. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load according to claim 2, which is characterized in that metal cavity is circle
Tubular, solid absorbing material are located on the inner wall of cylinder.
4. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load according to claim 2, which is characterized in that solid absorbing material
For silicon carbide or carbon dust.
5. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter according to claim 1 load, which is characterized in that liquid circulation with lead
Liquid media in the passage of heat is one of water, alcohol, kerosene, ether.
6. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fluid passage entrance
Far from the part for generating heat in the dry load of microwave, liquid channel outlet does loading interfaces part far from microwave.
7. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter according to claim 1 load, which is characterized in that liquid circulation with lead
The passage of heat is helical form.
8. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter load according to claim 1, which is characterized in that adiabatic apparatus is length
Cube cavity body structure is made of heat-insulating material or metal vacuum technique, by the dry load of microwave, liquid circulation and passage of heat packet
It is rolled in wherein and reserves fluid passage interface and microwave does loading interfaces and can connect with the external world.
9. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter according to claim 2 load, which is characterized in that liquid circulation with lead
The passage of heat is close to generate the part of heat in solid absorbing material.
10. millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter any one of in -9 load, feature exist according to claim 1
In the millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter includes:
The load, circulation constant temperature module, 2 temperature measurement modules, data acquisition and post-processing module, flowmeter and controller mould
Block；
The load is cavity body structure, and the energy of electromagnetic field for the millimeter wave that cavity body structure generates millimeter wave power source to be measured is inhaled
It receives and is converted to heat and deliver heat to cavity wall, cavity wall is equipped with liquid medium channel；
Circulation constant temperature module persistently takes away the heat that the load generates, and control liquid described for generating liquid circulation
The temperature for loading inlet is constant；
2 temperature measurement modules are respectively used to measurement and flow at the fluid temperature and the outflow load outlet of the load inlet
Fluid temperature；
Flowmeter and controller module, for controlling and measuring the flow of liquid；
Data acquisition and post-processing module, temperature data and flowmeter and controller mould for measuring 2 temperature measurement modules
Microwave power value is obtained by calculation into computer or embedded system in the flow data collector of block measurement.
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| CN201910516309.9A CN110133367B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Load for millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter |
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| CN201910516309.9A CN110133367B (en) | 2019-06-14 | 2019-06-14 | Load for millimeter wave calorimetric microwave power meter |
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| CN110133367A true CN110133367A (en) | 2019-08-16 |
| CN110133367B CN110133367B (en) | 2020-09-08 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112510379A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 四川大学 | Water load capable of efficiently absorbing microwave energy |
| CN113552413A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-26 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Resistance tube type high-power sensor for microwave high-power measuring system |
| CN114264889A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-01 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | High-power millimeter wave power measurement and calibration device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112510379A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-16 | 四川大学 | Water load capable of efficiently absorbing microwave energy |
| CN112510379B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-08-10 | 四川大学 | Water load capable of efficiently absorbing microwave energy |
| CN113552413A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-26 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Resistance tube type high-power sensor for microwave high-power measuring system |
| CN113552413B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-10-28 | 中国计量科学研究院 | Resistance tube type high-power sensor for microwave high-power measurement system |
| CN114264889A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-01 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | High-power millimeter wave power measurement and calibration device |
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