CN110132720A - A kind of underwater reisilometer and its method detecting underwater concrete intensity - Google Patents
A kind of underwater reisilometer and its method detecting underwater concrete intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132720A CN110132720A CN201910496238.0A CN201910496238A CN110132720A CN 110132720 A CN110132720 A CN 110132720A CN 201910496238 A CN201910496238 A CN 201910496238A CN 110132720 A CN110132720 A CN 110132720A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/52—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by measuring extent of rebound of a striking body
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of underwater reisilometers and its method for detecting underwater concrete intensity, including casing, the tail portion of the casing to be provided with tail-hood, and the front end of casing is provided with spring base, and the spring base is fixed on the front end of casing by end cap；Casing internal is provided with centre pilot, and the tail end of the centre pilot is fixed on guide flange, and front end is inserted into from the rear end of elastic stem, is connect by buffer spring with the elastic stem；The front end of elastic stem is pierced by from the centre bore of spring base；Gap between elastic stem outer wall and the inner hole wall of spring base and end cap is in 100um between 1mm；The side wall of casing is provided with the pointer structure of instruction elastic hammer rebound amplitude peak；The side wall of casing is additionally provided with the air pipe interface mounting hole of installation air pipe interface.The present invention solves the problems, such as that conventional rebound method can not detect concrete strength under deepwater environment, reduces the workload of a large amount of underwater drilling corings and the destructiveness to building.
Description
Technical field
It is especially a kind of for detecting the reisilometer of underwater concrete structural strength the present invention relates to a kind of reisilometer.
Background technique
Rebound method is that current detection concrete structure status intensity is the most frequently used and one of most efficient method.Rebound method
Principle be, when the weight moved in reisilometer with certain impact kinetic energy shock withstand on the impact bar of concrete surface after, weight
A pointer movable block is sprung back and driven, the rebound value of reflection weight snap-off-distance is obtained, concrete strength is calculated with rebound value.It is logical
Often, conventional rebound method can only be carried out in dry ground environment.For hydraulic structures such as siphonal culvert, water-conveyance tunnels in hydraulic engineering
In concrete structure, since it is chronically in underwater environment, and these hydraulic engineerings do not have emptying condition usually, cause
It is difficult with its concrete strength of conventional inspection by rebound method.Therefore, feasible underwater reisilometer and its method are studied, in situ
Detecting underwater concrete intensity is the work urgently carried out.
Summary of the invention
It is unique that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure novels, easy to use, and it is strong to be able to carry out underwater concrete
Spend the reisilometer of detection；The specific technical proposal is:
A kind of underwater reisilometer detecting underwater concrete intensity, including casing, the tail portion of the casing are provided with tail-hood, casing
Front end be provided with spring base, the spring base is fixed on the front end of casing by end cap；Casing internal is provided with centre pilot, institute
The tail end for stating centre pilot is fixed on guide flange, and front end is inserted into from the rear end of elastic stem, passes through buffer spring and the bullet
Hit bar connection；The front end of elastic stem is pierced by from the centre bore of spring base；The inner hole wall of elastic stem outer wall and spring base and end cap
Between gap in 100um between 1mm；Elastic hammer is arranged on centre pilot, being provided on the guide flange can hook
The hook of the elastic hammer；Pressure spring is provided between guide flange and the tail-hood；Elastic hammer is connect with spring base by tension spring；
The side wall of casing is provided with the pointer structure of instruction elastic hammer rebound amplitude peak；The side wall of casing is additionally provided with installation tracheae and connects
The air pipe interface mounting hole of mouth.
Further, the position that the casing installs the pointer structure is provided with sealing structure.
Further, the spring base is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or inner hole coats polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Further, the side wall of the elastic stem coats polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Further, the gap between the elastic stem outer wall and the inner hole wall of the spring base 100um to 200um it
Between；The inner hole aperture of the end cap is greater than or equal to the inner hole aperture of spring base.
Further, the front end of the casing is additionally provided with gas gathering mask；The bottom surface of the open end of the gas gathering mask is provided with row
The end face of sink, the open end is made of flexible material；The end of apical position when the attack of the elastic stem in open end
Between the non-compressive deformation in face and compression maximum distortion face.
Further, the gas gathering mask is horn-like, is made of silica gel.
The invention also discloses the application methods of above-mentioned reisilometer, comprising the following steps:
1) air pipe interface and tracheae are installed in the air pipe interface mounting hole, and are connect by tracheae with gas source；
2) pressure adjustment to more than 0.1 to 1 atmospheric pressure of measure field hydraulic pressure according to submerged depth, by the gas source；
3) diver carries the reisilometer and dives beneath the water, and carries out checking spring range to underwater concrete structure and carries out statistics meter
It calculates and sampling calculates；
4) processing is modified to subaqueous survey value.
The present invention solves the problems, such as that conventional rebound method can not detect concrete strength under deepwater environment, reduces a large amount of underwater
The workload of boring and coring and destructiveness to building, underwater reisilometer can not only rapidly and accurately to target construction into
Row detection, at the same it is relatively low to the attack area and attack extent of the destruction of target construction, and the wetland concrete strength of foundation changes
Calculation table can provide effective way for the non-destructive testing of corresponding underwater concrete structural strength.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is reisilometer structural schematic diagram of the present invention (stretching out state)；
Fig. 2 is reisilometer structural schematic diagram (retracted mode) of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is reisilometer structural schematic diagram part-structure exploded view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is reisilometer structural schematic diagram part-structure exploded view of the present invention.
In figure: 1, fastening nut；2, return to zero screw；3, it links up with；4, pin is linked up with；5, button；6, casing；6-1, instruction
Device sealing station；6-2, air pipe interface mounting hole；7, elastic hammer；8, spring base；11, elastic stem；12, end cap；13, pressure spring is buffered；
14, elastic tension spring；16, pointer segment；17, pointer blocks；18, centre pilot；19, needle pivot；20, guide flange；22, pressure spring；
23, tail-hood；24, gas gathering mask.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is made a more thorough explanation below with embodiment.The present invention can be presented as a variety of different forms,
It should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.
The spatially relative terms such as "upper", "lower" " left side " " right side " can be used herein for ease of explanation, for saying
Relationship of the elements or features relative to another elements or features shown in bright figure.It should be understood that in addition in figure
Except the orientation shown, spatial terminology is intended to include the different direction of device in use or operation.For example, if in figure
Device is squeezed, and is stated as being located at other elements or the element of feature "lower" will be located into other elements or feature "upper".Cause
This, exemplary term "lower" may include both upper and lower orientation.Device, which can be positioned in other ways, (to be rotated by 90 ° or is located at
Other orientation), it can be interpreted accordingly used herein of the opposite explanation in space.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, the underwater reisilometer of the detection underwater concrete intensity in the present embodiment, including casing 6,
The tail portion of casing 6 is provided with tail-hood 23, and the front end of casing 6 is provided with spring base 8, and spring base 8 is fixed on casing 6 by end cap 12
Front end；Casing 6 is internally provided with centre pilot 18, and the tail end of centre pilot 18 is fixed on guide flange 20, and front end is from attack
The rear end of bar 11 is inserted into, and is connect by buffering pressure spring 13 with elastic stem 11；It is worn from the centre bore of spring base 8 front end of elastic stem 11
Out；It is arranged with elastic hammer 7 on centre pilot 18, the hook 3 that can hook elastic hammer 7 is provided on guide flange 20；Guide flange
Pressure spring 22 is provided between 20 and tail-hood 23；Elastic hammer 7 is connect with spring base 8 by elastic tension spring 14；The side wall of casing 6 is arranged
There is the pointer structure of the instruction rebound amplitude peak of elastic hammer 7.
Guide flange 20 is axially disposed 2 guide grooves；6 inner wall of casing is correspondingly arranged on along 6 central axis direction of casing
Guide rail；Guide groove and guide rail cooperation, slide guide flange 20 along 6 central axis of casing.The setting of hook pin 4 of hook 3 exists
On guide flange 20, the axial direction for linking up with pin 4 is parallel with the upper surface of guide flange 20；Strip is provided on guide flange 20
Through-hole links up with 3 hook in the lower section of strip through-hole, links up with 3 tail portion in the top of strip through-hole；Hook 3 can be around hook
Pin 4 rotates.The tail portion and 20 upper surface of guide flange of hook 3 are provided with pressure spring, and the tail portion of hook 3 is jacked up by pressure spring.Make
The hook of hook 3 is stretched out from the lower section of strip through-hole, hooks the protrusion edge at 7 top of elastic hammer.
The lower section of tail-hood 23 is provided with zeroing screw 2, and rotation zeroing screw 2 can change its height, to adjust triggering
The initial position that hook 3 breaks off relations with elastic hammer 7.After adjusting, the position for the screw 2 that returns to zero is locked by fastening nut 1.
Pointer structure includes needle pivot 19, the pointer blocks 17 being set on needle pivot 19；It is fixed in pointer blocks 17 inwardly
The flexible pointer segment 16 tilted down；Pointer blocks 17 are slided along needle pivot 19.When elastic hammer 7 moves down, side wall meeting
Pointer segment 16 is squeezed, so that 16 inclination angle of pointer segment is become smaller, due to having frictional force, pointer blocks 17 between pointer blocks 17 and needle pivot 19
It will not move.When rebound, because elasticity has been opened, the top surface of elastic hammer 7 heads on pointer segment 16 and drives pointer blocks pointer segment 16
17 move upwards.
Guide flange 20 is axially disposed pointer reseting groove, and under the action of pressure spring 22, guide flange 20 is moved downward,
Pointer blocks 17 on needle shaft 19 are resetted.
Button 5 includes push-button socket, reset spring and button spindle.Reset spring makes button spindle retract button seat；It presses from the outside
When pressing button spindle, button spindle overcomes the elastic force of reset spring, stretches out from push-button socket, and the clamp at the top of button spindle blocks guide flange
The card slot at 20 tops, is lockked by card slot, even if hand unclamps, can not be sprung back.Clamp prevent pressure spring 22 push guide flange 20 to
Lower movement.After rebound, the position of guide flange 20 can be lockked by pinning button 5, avoid guide flange 20 from moving downward, touching refers to
Needle block 17；Change reading.
Above structure and general reisilometer structure are almost the same；Eliminate the snap ring and felt pan of general reisilometer front end.
There are enough gaps between 11 outer wall of elastic stem and the inner hole wall of spring base 8 and end cap 12 in the present embodiment,
Gap is in 100um between 1mm；The air of high pressure is mainly flowed out from the gap, forms bubble in front of end cap 12.Work as elastic stem
11 gradually bounce back with the increase of operator's thrust, when close to 12 front end of end cap, the top of elastic stem 11 and tested cement surface it
Between be bubble and water hybird environment.When elastic hammer 7 hits elastic stem 11, between 11 top of elastic stem and tested cement surface
Fluid include water or water and bubble is extruded row to periphery；Since there is the bubble being easily deformed on periphery, which is being rushed
The influence for hitting the lower rebound to elastic stem 11 can be ignored substantially.When there is no bubble, 11 top of elastic stem and tested cement table
There was only water between face, in impact, since water is difficult to compress, after being impacted, influence of the water to elastic stem 11 is bigger, and
Without repeatability, it is difficult to be corrected with model emulation.
The air pipe interface mounting hole 6-2 of installation air pipe interface is additionally provided in the side wall of casing 6.In air pipe interface mounting hole
6-2 installs air pipe interface and tracheae, and is connect by tracheae with gas source；It prevents water from entering casing by high pressure gas, influences
Reisilometer works normally.
In order to generate more bubbles in front of end cap 12, in addition to front end, other parts seal casing 6 as far as possible, reduce
Gas discharge.Firstly, being provided with sealing structure in the position for installing the pointer structure.The sealing structure can use sealant
By the gap sealing of pointer structure.Can also be using setting indicator sealing station 6-1, and seal groove is set on sealing strip side；
Sealing cover is made with transparent material such as glass or plastics；Sealing cover is pressed on indicator sealing station 6-1 with screw, is utilized
Sealing strip blocks gap, is sealed.
When necessary, the cooperation precision in button 5 between push-button socket and button spindle can be improved, reduce button 5 and go out air
Leakage.
Spring base 8 can also will be made with the low polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of coefficient of friction or 8 inner hole of spring base is coated into polytetrafluoro
Ethylene.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can also be coated in the side wall of elastic stem 11.By reducing between elastic stem 11 and spring base 8
Frictional force avoids influencing rebound measurement because of the gap increase between 11 outer wall of elastic stem and the inner hole wall of spring base 8.
Gap between 11 outer wall of elastic stem and the inner hole wall of spring base 8 is in 100um between 200um；End cap 12 it is interior
Hole aperture is greater than or equal to the inner hole aperture of spring base 8.Gap is too small, and the bubble of generation is difficult to cover 11 top of elastic stem and quilt
Survey the space between cement surface；The too big then elastic hammer 7 in gap can generate larger swing when moving, and influence the measurement of rebound.
In order to reduce the content of water between 11 top of elastic stem and tested cement surface as far as possible；As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4,
The front end of casing 6 in the present embodiment is additionally provided with gas gathering mask 24；The bottom surface of the open end of gas gathering mask is provided with rhone, opening
The end face at end is made of flexible material；The apical position when attack of the elastic stem open end the non-compressive deformation in end face and
Between compression maximum distortion face.In use, rhone is downward, operator pushes reisilometer forward, in 11 retraction process of elastic stem,
Gas gathering mask 24 first with tested cement face contact.Form the cavity that outlet is arranged at bottom.The air that end cap 12 flows out is gradually by cavity
Interior water is squeezed out from the rhone of bottom, forms air chamber in gas gathering mask 24；So that 11 top of elastic stem and tested cement table
Exist substantially without water between face.So that water influences minimum to the rebound of reisilometer measurement.
Gas gathering mask can be made horn-like, be made of silica gel.The front end of gas gathering mask can be set to threaded tubular, shrinkage
More preferably.
In use, installing air pipe interface and tracheae in air pipe interface mounting hole 6-2 first, and connected by tracheae and gas source
It connects；
Then, pressure adjustment to more than 0.1 to 1 atmospheric pressure of measure field hydraulic pressure according to submerged depth, by gas source；Gas source can
To be air pump, it is also possible to gas cylinder.
It is detected for hole wall below certain water delivery culvert water surface, considers that erosion environment classification locating for this structure is two
Class is chronically at underwater or underground water environment；Hookah type light diving apparatus is selected to detect diving under water as diver
The auxiliary equipment of operation.On measured structure concreting side, no weaker zone, laitance, grease and voids and pits are chosen
Original state concrete surface, sampling arrangement rebound survey area (area 200mm × 200mm) it is several.It is latent that diver carries underwater reisilometer
Enter in the hydraulic structure that need to be detected, checking spring range is carried out to the concrete structure under deepwater environment, diver is every to complete once
The rebound value measured and survey area number are reported by ground staff using underwater communication equipment after checking spring range and recorded.
Specific time operation bullet requires and the specific operation method is as follows:
Each survey area should read 16 rebound values, and the rebound value reading of each measuring point should accurately be accurate to 1.The area measuring point Yi Ce model
It is uniformly distributed in enclosing, the clear distance of adjacent two side point is not preferably less than 20mm；Distance of the measuring point away from leakage reinforcing bar, built-in fitting is unsuitable small
In 30mm；Measuring point should not be on stomata or leakage stone, and same observation station answers an attack primary.
(1) elastic stem is withstood into concrete surface, while air guide washer is kept to be bonded with concrete surface, air guide washer
Shape can smooth air-flow, make compressed air smoothly from air guide washer spray into water in；Light pressure instrument, unclamps button, loosens
Elastic stem stretches out when pressure, hangs up elastic hammer.
(2) it keeps instrument axis always perpendicular to the surface of concrete and slowly uniformly presses, break off relations and impact to elastic hammer
After elastic stem, when elastic hammer rebound drives pointer to be moved rearwardly into a certain position, the indicating value groove in pointer blocks is on the scale
Showing certain numerical value is rebound value.
(3) instrument movement is made to continue to withstand concrete surface and read and record rebound value.If condition is unfavorable for reading,
Machine core can be lockked by lower button, instrument is moved at it and is read.
(4) stretch out elastic stem from instrument, to use next time.
Statistics calculates, and calculates each survey area average rebound number, and 3 maximums are rejected from the underwater rebound value in 16, each survey area
With 3 minimum values, remaining 10 underwater rebound values calculate its average value, and the wetland rebound value in area is surveyed as this.
Sampling calculates, and screens to all survey areas, according to height of the offset from the water surface is surveyed, selects 10% survey area, carries out
Coring, for core diameter between 60 ~ 120mm, length carries out carbonation depth to core sample between 80 ~ 120mm, according to code requirement
Detection obtains carbonation depth value, carries out springing back experiment dryly, and 3 maximums and 3 are rejected from the underwater rebound value in 16, each survey area
A minimum value, remaining 10 rebound value calculate its average value as dry ground rebound value.
Embodiment detects the area water delivery culvert underwater 130 Zu Ce altogether, and total 15 groups of the survey area that different depth is surveyed in choosing is used as sample,
To its position coring, to core sample carry out carbonation depth detection and it is dry spring back experiment, obtain carbonation depth value and do rebound value.
Correcting process selects 15 groups of data to obtain table 2 first in order to eliminate the error operated in water.
2 detection data of table
Establish the depth of water and carbonation depth relational expressionf HC, relational expression selection Polynomial combination form, thenf HCFory=ax+b, whereiny
It is the depth of water, x is carbonation depth, is obtained by the Fitting Calculation, slope coefficient b=0.257, intercept coefficient a=0.387.
Establish same survey area wetland rebound value and dry ground rebound value relational expressionf R, Polynomial combination shape may be selected in relational expression
Formula, thenf RIt is expressed as the form of Y=cX+d, in formula, Y is dry ground rebound value, and X is wetland rebound value, it is obtained by the Fitting Calculation,
Slope coefficient c=0.9998, intercept coefficient d=2.7045.
According to relational expressionf HCWithf REstablish wetland concrete strength conversion table (table 3):
First is classified as the dry ground rebound value in this example in table, is named in specification with average rebound number, wet in first row bracket
Ground rebound value is that this example is detected and is calculated under water；
Carbonation depth is former specification gained in table, is passed throughf HCCorresponding depth is acquired, wherein "None" indicates what this detection was not up to
Maximum and minimum, no detection data.
3 wetland concrete strength conversion table of table
The culvert of water delivery culvert height and the low underwater concrete intensity for containing all 130 groups of areas of survey are obtained by computation of table lookup, is shown in Table 4.
4 underwater checking spring range outcome table (unit: MPa) of table
By correcting available standard compliant measured value.It can also be further improved, be read pointer displacement using sensor
Out, reading is modified using intelligent chip such as single-chip microcontroller, DSP etc., directly obtains the rebound value of measurement.
Above-mentioned example is only intended to illustrate the present invention, and in addition to this, also there are many different embodiments, and these are implemented
Mode be all those skilled in the art after comprehension inventive concept it is also envisioned that therefore, will not enumerate herein.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of underwater reisilometer for detecting underwater concrete intensity, which is characterized in that including casing, the tail portion of the casing is set
It is equipped with tail-hood, the front end of casing is provided with spring base, and the spring base is fixed on the front end of casing by end cap；Casing internal setting
There is centre pilot, the tail end of the centre pilot is fixed on guide flange, and front end is inserted into from the rear end of elastic stem, passes through buffering
Spring is connect with the elastic stem；The front end of elastic stem is pierced by from the centre bore of spring base；Elastic stem outer wall and spring base and
Gap between the inner hole wall of end cap is in 100um between 1mm；Elastic hammer is arranged on centre pilot, on the guide flange
It is provided with the hook that can hook the elastic hammer；Pressure spring is provided between guide flange and the tail-hood；Elastic hammer and spring base
It is connected by tension spring；The side wall of casing is provided with the pointer structure of instruction elastic hammer rebound amplitude peak；The side wall of casing is also set
It is equipped with the air pipe interface mounting hole of installation air pipe interface.
2. reisilometer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the position that the casing installs the pointer structure is provided with
Sealing structure.
3. reisilometer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the spring base is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or inner hole coating
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
4. reisilometer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the side wall of the elastic stem coats polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
5. reisilometer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inner hole wall of the elastic stem outer wall and the spring base it
Between gap in 100um between 200um；The inner hole aperture of the end cap is greater than or equal to the inner hole aperture of spring base.
6. reisilometer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the front end of the casing is additionally provided with gas gathering mask；The collection
The bottom surface of the open end of gas hood is provided with rhone, and the end face of the open end is made of flexible material；The bullet of the elastic stem
Apical position when hitting is between the non-compressive deformation in end face and compression maximum distortion face of open end.
7. reisilometer as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the gas gathering mask be it is horn-like, be made of silica gel.
8. the application method of reisilometer as described in any one of claim 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps:
1) air pipe interface and tracheae are installed in the air pipe interface mounting hole, and are connect by tracheae with gas source；
2) pressure adjustment to more than 0.1 to 1 atmospheric pressure of measure field hydraulic pressure according to submerged depth, by the gas source；
3) diver carries the reisilometer and dives beneath the water, and carries out checking spring range to underwater concrete structure and carries out statistics meter
It calculates and sampling calculates；
4) processing is modified to subaqueous survey value.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109813619A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-28 | 杭州华能工程安全科技股份有限公司 | A kind of underwater reisilometer |
| CN111965060A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-20 | 河海大学 | Press-in type on-site modulus of resilience measuring device |
| CN113640162A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-12 | 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 | Pneumatic concrete resiliometer device |
| CN113654931A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-11-16 | 中国化学工程第三建设有限公司 | Pneumatic type mortar strength quality detection resiliometer device |
| CN116399740A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-07-07 | 山西八建集团有限公司 | On-spot acceptance device of building construction material |
| CN116429615A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-07-14 | 广州大学 | Resiliometer for detecting strength of underwater concrete |
| CN116519517A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-08-01 | 合肥工大共达工程检测试验有限公司 | Concrete detects resilience method measuring device |
| CN116818576A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 河南中投建设有限公司辉县市分公司 | Underwater concrete building detection device |
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