CN110130342B - Piling equipment and piling method for underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet pile construction - Google Patents
Piling equipment and piling method for underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet pile construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN110130342B CN110130342B CN201910427660.0A CN201910427660A CN110130342B CN 110130342 B CN110130342 B CN 110130342B CN 201910427660 A CN201910427660 A CN 201910427660A CN 110130342 B CN110130342 B CN 110130342B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/02—Placing by driving
- E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
- E02D7/10—Power-driven drivers with pressure-actuated hammer, i.e. the pressure fluid acting directly on the hammer structure
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Abstract
The invention relates to the construction field of underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet piles, in particular to piling equipment and a piling method for underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet pile construction, which comprises a hull, a pile driver and a positioning device, wherein the hull is provided with a square abdicating groove, and the pile driver is fixed above the hull and positioned at one end of the abdicating groove; the fixed level that is provided with on the hull is to the guide rail, the direction of guide rail and the direction parallel and level in groove of stepping down, positioner is including moving positioning mechanism, moving positioning mechanism includes the slider, the uide bushing, the mobile location stake and fastening structure, slider and guide rail sliding connection, fastening structure is used for keeping the relative position between slider and the guide rail, uide bushing and slider fixed connection, the mobile location stake is with the vertical sliding connection of uide bushing, fastening structure is taut structure, taut structure includes taut reel, taut wire rope and diversion pulley. The invention achieves the purpose of piling on water, and greatly reduces the construction cost and time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underwater sheet pile construction, in particular to piling equipment and a piling method for underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet pile construction.
Background
The steel bar prefabricated sheet piles and the square piles are often used as pile foundation engineering in foundation engineering, and are also often used in structural engineering such as revetment, flood prevention wall, river bank landscape reconstruction, tower footing foundation and the like in various types of hydraulic engineering and river lakesides, so that the functions of bearing an upper structure, preventing scouring and the like are achieved. In the process of bank protection or land construction, the pile driver is directly fixed on the ground, and the pile driver is supported by a hard foundation to ensure the stability of the pile driver, so that the perpendicularity and the stability of the pile driver for driving the precast slab pile are ensured.
The prefabricated sheet piles are also frequently used in the middle section of the river, particularly in the lower stream section of the built sluice and in danger removal reinforcement, the prefabricated sheet piles are required to be vertically driven to the water bottom, the prefabricated sheet piles are arranged in a row, and the pile heads of the prefabricated sheet piles are slightly higher than the water bottom, so that the possibility of source-tracing scouring is reduced, the river bottom structure of the section is more stable, and the scouring resistance is improved. At present, in the design and construction process, a construction method for removing accumulated water in a foundation pit by filling a cofferdam and creating dry land construction conditions is generally adopted, and has the advantages of high construction difficulty, long construction period and high cost. Particularly, the technical difficulty is higher, the construction period is longer and the cost is higher for an area with a deeper water level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide pile driving equipment and a pile driving method for underwater steel bar prefabricated sheet piles, which can directly carry out pile driving operation on water and greatly reduce the construction cost and the construction time.
The invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme:
a pile driving device for underwater precast sheet piles comprises a hull, a pile driver and a positioning device, wherein a square abdicating groove is formed in the hull, and the pile driver is fixed above the hull and positioned at one end of the abdicating groove; the fixed level that is provided with on the hull is to the guide rail, the direction of guide rail and the direction parallel and level in groove of stepping down, positioner is including removing positioning mechanism, removes positioning mechanism and includes slider, uide bushing, removal guide pile and fastening structure, slider and guide rail sliding connection, and fastening structure is used for keeping the relative position between slider and the guide rail, uide bushing and slider fixed connection, remove the vertical sliding connection of guide pile and uide bushing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sliding block slides relative to the guide rail, the guide sleeve and the movable positioning pile move along with the sliding block relative to the guide rail, namely the movable positioning pile moves relative to the ship body, then the movable positioning pile is lowered relative to the guide sleeve to be inserted into the river bottom or a fixing piece which is driven into the river bottom, the sliding block and the guide rail are relatively fixed by using the fastening mechanism so as to relatively fix the movable positioning pile and the river bottom, and the ship body is fixed relative to the river bottom by using two movable positioning piles or one movable positioning pile and other fixing structures; and then the sheet pile is hoisted by the pile driver, and then the sheet pile is driven into the river bottom by the pile driver, so that the aim of piling on water is fulfilled, and the construction cost and the construction time are greatly reduced.
The invention is further configured to: the fastening structure is a tensioning structure, the tensioning structure comprises a tensioning winding drum, a tensioning steel wire rope and a turning pulley, the turning pulley and the tensioning winding drum are both fixed on the same side of the yielding groove, one end of the tensioning steel wire rope is wound on the tensioning winding drum, and the other end of the tensioning steel wire rope is sequentially wound on the turning pulley and a movable positioning pile and then fixed on a ship body, far away from one side of the turning pulley, of the yielding groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after one of them removal spud has relatively fixed, tighten up taut reel, taut reel utilizes taut wire rope to drive the removal spud and is close to the pile driver, just can change the distance between pile driver and the removal spud this moment, closely laminates each other between the sheet pile of hoisting the pile driver and the sheet pile of pegging graft, reduces the installation gap between the sheet pile, reaches technical requirement.
The invention is further configured to: the fixed locating rack that is provided with in pile driver below, locating rack include leading truck and locating lever, and the both ends of locating lever are fixed on the hull of the groove both sides of stepping down, and the locating lever is located the one end that the leading truck is close to the pile driver, and the leading truck contains two and fixes respectively in the both sides of the groove of stepping down, the face parallel arrangement that two leading trucks are close to mutually.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when sheet pile hoist and mount when stepping down the inslot, laminate the three side of sheet pile with two leading trucks and locating lever respectively, just can utilize leading truck and locating lever to carry on spacingly to the sheet pile, the stability of lift sheet pile when transferring produces the skew when avoiding the sheet pile to transfer or pile.
The invention is further configured to: one end of each guide frame, which is far away from the positioning rod, is in an outward-expanding horn mouth shape.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process of hoist and mount sheet pile, the sheet pile of being convenient for gets into between two leading trucks through the horn mouth that expands outward, reduces the degree of difficulty of installing spacing sheet pile.
The invention is further configured to: the one end that the locating lever was kept away from to the leading truck is fixed and is provided with locking mechanical system, locking mechanical system includes locking lever, draw-in groove and support, and draw-in groove and support are fixed respectively in the hull top of the groove both sides of stepping down, and the locking lever is articulated with the support and the relative support of locking lever rotates to the draw-in groove in.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at the in-process of spacing sheet pile, place the sheet pile back between leading truck and locating lever, relative support rotates the locking lever again, rotates the locking lever to joint in the draw-in groove, locking lever and sheet pile terminal surface butt contact this moment, can further spacing sheet pile's position, and the sheet pile that is convenient for remove and is hung and connect aligns with fixed sheet pile.
The invention is further configured to: the positioning device comprises a fixed positioning mechanism, the fixed positioning mechanism is fixedly arranged on the ship body far away from one end of the movable positioning mechanism, the fixed positioning mechanism comprises a positioning pile frame and a fixed positioning pile, the positioning pile frame is fixedly connected with the ship body, and the fixed positioning pile is vertically and slidably connected with the positioning pile frame.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, relative spud carrier fixed position stake of gliding downwards will fix the vertical insertion river bottom of spud for fixed position stake and the combined use of removal spud realize the stability to the hull of piling.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a pile driving method of an underwater precast pile comprises the following steps:
s1, positioning the ship body, moving the ship body to a designated position through a propeller arranged on the ship body, stopping the ship body stably, ensuring that the inserted sheet pile is positioned in the abdicating groove, and forming a pile hole in the middle of the sheet pile;
s2, fixing the ship body relative to the river bottom;
s3, hoisting the sheet pile by using a pile driver, and inserting the hoisted sheet pile into the abdicating groove from top to bottom;
s4, lowering the suspended sheet pile, starting a pile driver to carry out hammering and pile pressing operation on the sheet pile, and inserting the sheet pile into the river bottom; and S5, repeating the steps S1-S4 until the sheet piles are spliced and distributed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at first use GPRS to guarantee that the location of hull on the surface of water satisfies the requirement on the engineering, utilize spud pile or other modes to fix the back with the hull, reuse pile driver lifts up the sheet pile, guarantees to carry out the hammering pile driving with the pile driver to the sheet pile under the straightness's of straightness's the condition of sheet pile, squeezes the sheet pile into the river bottom, realizes the operation of directly piling pile on water, and is simple swift, and construction cost is low.
The invention is further configured to: in step S3, the sheet pile to be lifted is placed between two guide frames, and four side surfaces of the sheet pile are brought into contact with the guide frames, the positioning rods, and the lock rods, respectively.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can promote the stability that the sheet pile that is hoisted transferred and the accuracy of position, guarantee the straightness that hangs down of pile in-process sheet pile.
The invention is further configured to: in step S2, sliding the slide block relative to the guide rail, aligning the mobile positioning pile with the fixed sheet pile, inserting the mobile positioning pile into the pile hole, and making the side surface of the sheet pile in the hoisting state fit with the side surface of the fixed sheet pile, and then starting the fastening mechanism to fix the relative position of the slide block and the guide rail; and then the fixed positioning pile is lowered and slides relative to the positioning pile frame, so that the fixed positioning pile is inserted and fixed at the river bottom.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at first will remove the spud pile and insert downthehole fixing, later remove the hull again and make the sheet pile of being hoisted dock with the side of the sheet pile of pegging graft to reduce the installation clearance between the sheet pile, insert the fixed position stake at the bottom of a river again at last, after two combined action of fixed position stake and removal spud pile fixed with the hull and the sheet pile of being hoisted can align with the sheet pile of being pegged graft fixed, convenient and fast.
The invention is further configured to: in step S5, the method further includes the step S6 of inserting the sheet pile with the upper end of the sheet pile between 30mm above the water surface and 50mm below the water surface: and driving the ship body to the sheet pile position, enabling the sheet pile to be positioned below the abdicating groove, and driving the sheet piles one by one to be flush with the river bottom.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the in-process of step S5 piling sheet pile, the upper end of sheet pile can be in the clear observation of surface of water top, is convenient for in the in-process of lower stake, aligns the sheet pile of being hoisted with the sheet pile of being pegged graft, is difficult for appearing the error, and the fault-tolerant rate is higher, and the continuity of fashioned sheet pile is good.
In summary, the present invention has the following technical effects:
1. the pile driver and the mobile positioning mechanism are arranged on the ship body, and the mobile positioning mechanism can be used for flexibly fixing the position of the mobile positioning pile inserted in the river bottom, so that the position of the ship body on the water surface can be flexibly adjusted at any time, the aim of fixing the ship body can be fulfilled, the effect of pile driving construction on water is achieved, and the construction cost and the construction time are greatly reduced;
2. by arranging the tensioning structure on the ship body, the ship body can be moved at any time by utilizing the tensioning structure, the lifted sheet pile can be tightly attached to the sheet pile which is fixedly inserted, and the installation gap between the sheet piles is reduced;
3. through set up the leading truck in the groove of stepping down, can utilize the leading truck to promote the stability that the sheet pile of being hoisted transferred, be favorable to promoting the accuracy of the perpendicular degree and the stability and the position of sheet pile below, be convenient for align with the sheet pile fixed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 taken at detail A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at detail C;
fig. 5 is a schematic top view of sheet pile splicing.
In the figure, 1, a ship body; 11. a yielding groove; 12. a guide rail; 2. a pile driver; 21. a tower; 22. a tower support; 221. adjusting the motor; 222. adjusting the speed reducer; 223. a screw rod; 23. a hoisting mechanism; 231. hoisting and hoisting; 232. hoisting a steel wire rope; 233. a hook; 24. a pile hammer mechanism; 241. hoisting the pile hammer; 242. a pile hammer wire rope; 243. a pile hammer; 3. a positioning device; 31. a mobile positioning mechanism; 311. a slider; 312. a guide sleeve; 313. moving the positioning pile; 314. a baffle plate; 32. a tensioning structure; 321. tensioning the reel; 322. tensioning the steel wire rope; 323. a direction-changing pulley; 324. moving the reel group; 33. a positioning frame; 331. a guide frame; 332. positioning a rod; 333. a locking mechanism; 3331. a lock lever; 3332. a card slot; 3333. a support; 34. a fixed positioning mechanism; 341. positioning the pile frame; 342. fixing the positioning pile; 343. a first winding device; 4. sheet piling; 41. pile holes; 42. a groove; 43. and (4) protruding.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment describes a piling apparatus for underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet piles, which is used for inserting sheet piles 4 into the river bottom after hoisting them on water. Pile equipment includes hull 1, pile driver 2 and positioner, and hull 1 floats in the surface of water top, and pile driver 2 and positioner fix in hull 1 top, and positioner is used for fixing hull 1 relative river bottom to stabilize the position of hull 1, pile driver 2 is used for hoisting sheet pile 4 and hits the 4 hammers of sheet pile and hit the river bottom, just so can carry out the pile operation on the surface of water, greatly reduced the construction degree of difficulty and the engineering time of sheet pile construction under water.
As shown in fig. 1, the hull 1 is provided with a square abdicating groove 11, and one or both ends of the abdicating groove 11 are preferably open, and the pile driver 2 is fixed above the abdicating groove 11. In this embodiment, the hull 1 is formed by splicing two flaps, and the two flaps are fixedly connected by two or more i-beams perpendicular to the abdicating groove 11, so as to be in an integrated state, save the cost of the hull 1, and be detachable and recoverable after use. The ship body 1 can also be spliced by adopting a steel box type structure, and a square abdicating groove 11 is reserved.
As shown in fig. 2, a horizontal guide rail 12 is fixedly arranged on the hull 1, the direction of the guide rail 12 is flush with the direction of the abdicating groove 11, the positioning device includes a mobile positioning mechanism 31, the mobile positioning mechanism 31 includes a slider 311, a guide sleeve 312, a mobile positioning pile 313 and a fastening structure, the slider 311 is slidably connected with the guide rail 12, the fastening structure is used for maintaining the relative position between the slider 311 and the guide rail 12, the guide sleeve 312 is fixedly connected with the slider 311, and the mobile positioning pile 313 is vertically slidably connected with the guide sleeve 312. When the movable positioning mechanism 31 is used for preliminary fixing with the ship body 1, the sliding block 311 slides relative to the guide rail 12, the guide sleeve 312 and the movable positioning pile 313 move along with the sliding block 311 relative to the guide rail 12, namely the movable positioning pile 313 moves relative to the ship body 1, then the movable positioning pile 313 is lowered relative to the guide sleeve 312, the movable positioning pile 313 is inserted into the river bottom or is inserted into a fixing piece which is driven into the river bottom, the fixing piece is a sheet pile 4 in the embodiment, the sliding block 311 and the guide rail 12 are relatively fixed by using a fastening mechanism, so that the movable positioning pile 313 and the river bottom are relatively fixed, and the ship body 1 is fixed relative to the river bottom by using two movable positioning piles 313 or one movable positioning pile 313 and other fixing structures; and then the sheet pile 4 is hoisted by the pile driver 2, and then the sheet pile 4 is driven into the river bottom by the pile driver 2, so that the purpose of piling on water is achieved, and the construction cost and the construction time are greatly reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a pile hole 41 may be formed in the middle of the sheet pile 4 along the length direction of the sheet pile 4, so that the mobile positioning pile 313 may be conveniently inserted into the pile hole 41 of the sheet pile 4 driven into the river bottom, and it is more convenient to fix the hull 1 by using the mobile positioning pile 313. A horizontal blocking piece 314 can be fixedly arranged in the middle of the movable positioning pile 313, so that the horizontal blocking piece 314 can be overlapped at the upper end of the pile hole 41, and the movable positioning pile 313 can realize the effect of fixing the ship body 1 without being completely inserted into the river bottom.
The movable positioning mechanism 31 can initially position the ship body 1, and then the movable positioning mechanism 31 fixes the ship body 1 in combination with other positioning structures, in this embodiment, two types are described, and the tensioning structure 32 and the fixed positioning mechanism 34 may be used in combination with or in cooperation with the movable positioning mechanism 31. Of course, in addition to these two configurations, anchor line securement may also be used in this embodiment with mobile positioning mechanism 31.
As shown in fig. 1, the tightening structure 32 may be the above-mentioned fastening structure for fixing the sliding block 311 and the guide rail 12, the tightening structure 32 includes a tightening reel 321, a tightening wire rope 322, and a direction-changing pulley 323, the direction-changing pulley 323 and the tightening reel 321 are both fixed on the same side of the abdicating slot 11, one end of the tightening wire rope 322 is wound on the tightening reel 321, and the other end of the tightening wire rope 322 is fixed on the hull 1 on the side of the abdicating slot 11 away from the direction-changing pulley 323 after sequentially winding on the direction-changing pulley 323 and the mobile positioning pile 313. After one of the movable positioning piles 313 is fixed relative to the river bottom, the tensioning winding drum 321 is tightened, the tensioning winding drum 321 drives the movable positioning pile 313 to approach the pile driver 2 by using the tensioning steel wire rope 322, at the moment, the distance between the pile driver 2 and the movable positioning pile 313 can be changed, the sheet pile 4 hoisted by the pile driver 2 is tightly attached to the inserted sheet pile 4, and the installation gap between the sheet piles 4 is reduced; meanwhile, the position of the movable positioning piles 313, the sheet piles 4 and the ship body 1 can be maintained by the action of the tensioning structure 32, and the function of stabilizing the position of the ship body 1 on the water is achieved.
Of course, as shown in fig. 1, a moving reel set 324 specially used for moving the sliding block 311 relative to the guide rail 12 may be provided in the tensioning structure 32, the moving reel set 324 is fixedly connected with the hull 1, and the steel cable on the moving reel set 324 is changed back to be fixedly connected with the sliding block 311 through a pulley, so that the tensioning reel 321, the tensioning steel cable 322 and the direction-changing pulley 323 are specially used for tensioning the distance between the moving spud 313 and the lifted sheet pile 4 to perform the positioning function.
In order to facilitate the close fitting of the sheet piles 4 and avoid the mutual staggering of the sheet piles 4, as shown in fig. 5, the two narrow sides of the cross section of the sheet pile 4 can be respectively provided with a groove 42 and a protrusion 43 which are matched with each other, and the groove 42 and the protrusion 43 are both trapezoidal, so that the protrusion 43 and the groove 42 are mutually fitted when the sheet piles 4 are fitted, and the possibility of the staggering of the sheet piles 4 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the fixed positioning mechanism 34 is fixedly disposed on the hull 1 at an end of the hull 1 far from the mobile positioning mechanism 31, the fixed positioning mechanism 34 includes a positioning pile frame 341 and a fixed positioning pile 342, the positioning pile frame 341 is fixedly connected with the hull 1, and the fixed positioning pile 342 is vertically slidably connected with the positioning pile frame 341. The position of the hull 1 on the water surface can be fixed very stably by sliding the fixed spud 342 downward with respect to the spud frame 341 and vertically inserting the fixed spud 342 into the river bottom. The fixed spud 342 is used in combination with the mobile spud 313 and the tension structure 32 to fix the hull 1 and ensure the stability of piling.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to facilitate the vertical movement of the fixed positioning pile 342 relative to the positioning pile frame 341, a first hoisting device 343 may be fixedly disposed on the hull 1, the first hoisting device 343 includes a hoisting machine, a steel wire rope and a pulley block, the steel wire rope of the first hoisting device 343 is changed to be fixedly connected with the middle portion or the lower portion of the fixed positioning pile 342 via the pulley block, so that the fixed positioning pile 342 can be pulled upwards relative to the positioning pile frame 341 by tightening up the first hoisting device 343, and the first hoisting device 343 is started to unwind, and the fixed positioning pile 342 can rapidly fall and be inserted into the river bottom under the action of its own gravity.
After the position of the hull 1 on the water surface is relatively fixed, in order to further improve the stability of piling, it is necessary to improve the verticality of the sheet pile 4 during the lowering and piling of the sheet pile 4, and therefore, as shown in fig. 2, a positioning frame 33 may be provided below the pile driver 2. The positioning frame 33 comprises guide frames 331 and positioning rods 332, two ends of each positioning rod 332 are fixed on the ship body 1 on two sides of the corresponding abdicating groove 11, the positioning rods 332 are located at one ends, close to the pile driver 2, of the guide frames 331, the two guide frames 331 are respectively fixed on two sides of the corresponding abdicating groove 11, and the two adjacent surfaces of the two guide frames 331 are arranged in parallel. When sheet pile 4 hoists in the groove of stepping down 11, with the three side of sheet pile 4 respectively with two leading truck 331 and locating lever 332 laminating, just can utilize leading truck 331 and locating lever 332 to carry on spacingly to sheet pile 4, promote the stability of sheet pile 4 when transferring, produce the skew when avoiding sheet pile 4 to transfer or pile.
As shown in fig. 2, a locking mechanism 333 may be fixedly disposed at an end of the guide frame 331 away from the positioning rod 332, where the locking mechanism 333 includes a lock bar 3331, a locking groove 3332, and a support 3333, the locking groove 3332 and the support 3333 are respectively fixed above the hull 1 on both sides of the avoiding groove 11, the lock bar 3331 is hinged to the support 3333, and the lock bar 3331 rotates into the locking groove 3332 relative to the support 3333. In the process of spacing sheet pile 4, place sheet pile 4 after between leading truck 331 and locating lever 332, support 3333 rotates locking lever 3331 again relatively, rotates locking lever 3331 to draw-in groove 3332 in the joint, locking lever 3331 and the contact of 4 terminal surface butt of sheet pile this moment, can further spacing sheet pile 4's position, and the sheet pile 4 of being convenient for remove by the suspension joint aligns with fixed sheet pile 4.
As shown in fig. 2, in order to reduce the difficulty of installing the sheet pile 4 in the positioning frame 33, one end of each of the two guide frames 331, which is far away from the positioning rod 332, may be set to be in an outward-expanding bell mouth shape, so that in the process of hoisting the sheet pile 4, the sheet pile 4 can conveniently enter between the two guide frames 331 through the outward-expanding bell mouth, and the difficulty of installing and limiting the sheet pile 4 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, the pile driver 2 comprises a tower 21, two tower supports 22, a hoisting mechanism 23 and a pile hammer mechanism 24, wherein the tower 21 is vertically arranged and located above the abdicating slot 11, and two ends of each tower support 22 are respectively connected with the upper end of the tower 21 and the hull 1; the hoisting mechanism 23 comprises a hoisting winch 231, a hoisting steel wire rope 232, a lifting hook 233 and a hoisting pulley block, the hoisting winch 231 is fixed above the ship body 1, the lifting hook 233 is positioned above the hoisted sheet pile 4, the hoisting pulley block is positioned at the top end of the tower 21, the hoisting steel wire rope 232 is wound on the hoisting winch 231, and the free end of the hoisting steel wire rope is connected with the lifting hook 233 after the turning function of the hoisting pulley block; the pile hammer mechanism 24 comprises a pile hammer hoist 241, a pile hammer steel wire rope 242, a pile hammer 243 and a pile hammer pulley block, the pile hammer hoist 241 is fixed above the ship body 1, the pile hammer 243 is located above the hoisted sheet pile 4, the pile hammer pulley block is located at the top end of the tower 21, the pile hammer steel wire rope 242 is wound on the pile hammer hoist 241, the free end of the pile hammer steel wire rope is connected with the pile hammer 243 after the direction change effect of the pile hammer pulley block, a guide structure is arranged between the pile hammer 243 and the tower 21, and the stability of the vertical lifting of the pile hammer 243 along the tower 21 can be improved if the structures of a guide pillar and a guide sleeve or the structures of a guide rail and a sliding. Utilize hoisting machine to construct 23 and hoist sheet pile 4, put sheet pile 4 into the groove of stepping down 11, after aligning sheet pile 4, progressively utilize hoisting machine to construct 23 and transfer sheet pile 4, later reciprocal promotion and whereabouts pile hammer 243 again utilize pile hammer 243 to carry out the hammering to sheet pile 4, drive sheet pile 4 into the river bottom.
Since the sheet piles 4 are transported in, usually on the ship outside the hull 1, the sheet piles 4 are inclined by means of the hoisting means 23, which is very dangerous. In order to solve the above problem, as shown in fig. 1, the tower 21 and the hull 1 may be hinged by a horizontal shaft, and the hinged position of the tower 21 and the hull 1 is close to the position of the sheet pile 4, the tower supports 22 are all located on one side of the tower 21 away from the hoisting position of the sheet pile 4, the upper end of the tower support 22 is hinged by the horizontal shaft with the tower 21, and as shown in fig. 4, the lower end of the tower support 22 is provided with an adjusting motor 221, an adjusting reducer 222 and a screw rod 223, the adjusting reducer 222 is fixed above the hull 1, the adjusting motor 221 is connected with an input shaft of the adjusting reducer 222, the screw rod 223 is connected with an output shaft of the adjusting reducer 222 through a universal coupling, and the screw rod 223 is parallel to the tower support. Starting the adjusting motor 221, driving the screw rod 223 to rotate by the adjusting motor 221 through the adjusting reducer 222, and increasing the distance between the screw rod 223 and the tower support 22, so that the tower 21 is inclined relative to the ship body 1 toward the hoisting position of the sheet pile 4, and the hook 233 of the hoisting mechanism 23 gradually exceeds the ship body 1, so that the sheet pile 4 can be hoisted normally; and then, the adjusting motor 221 is rotated reversely, and the tower 21 is adjusted to be in a vertical state, so that the hoisting of the sheet pile 4 can be completed.
In the process of hoisting the sheet pile 4, two sets of hoisting mechanisms 23 can be arranged, and the two lifting hooks 233 of the two sets of hoisting mechanisms 23 respectively hoist the head end and the tail end of the sheet pile 4, so that the sheet pile 4 is convenient to be gradually vertical in the air, and the sheet pile 4 is prevented from being broken under pressure due to contact with the ground.
The working process of the embodiment is as follows:
firstly, the sheet pile 4 is conveyed to the position near the ship body 1, the adjusting motor 221 is started, the adjusting motor 221 drives the screw rod 223 to rotate through the adjusting reducer 222, and then the distance between the screw rod 223 and the tower support 22 is increased, so that the tower 21 inclines relative to the position where the ship body 1 is hoisted towards the sheet pile 4, and the hook 233 of the hoisting mechanism 23 gradually exceeds the ship body 1 and can normally hoist the sheet pile 4; then, the adjusting motor 221 is rotated reversely, and the tower 21 is adjusted to be in a vertical state, so that the sheet pile 4 can be hoisted;
then, the sheet pile 4 is gradually lowered, the sheet pile 4 is clamped between the positioning rod 332 and the two guide frames 331, the lock rod 3331 is rotated relative to the support 3333, the lock rod 3331 is clamped into the clamping groove 3332, and the lock rod 3331 is abutted to one side surface of the sheet pile 4; moving the slide block 311 relative to the guide rail 12, driving the guide sleeve 312 and the movable positioning pile 313 to move by the slide block 311, inserting the movable positioning pile 313 into a pile hole 41 of a sheet pile 4 inserted into the river bottom, tightening the tensioning winding drum 321, driving the movable positioning pile 313 to be close to the pile driver 2 by the tensioning winding drum 321 by using the tensioning steel wire rope 322, changing the distance between the pile driver 2 and the movable positioning pile 313, tightly attaching the sheet pile 4 hoisted by the pile driver 2 and the inserted sheet pile 4 to each other, and lowering the fixed positioning pile 342 relative to the positioning pile frame 341 to insert the fixed positioning pile 342 into the river bottom, so as to comprehensively fix the hull 1;
and continuously lowering the sheet pile 4 to the river bottom, and then hammering the sheet pile 4 by using the pile hammer mechanism 24 to drive the sheet pile 4 to the river bottom.
Example two:
the invention discloses a piling method of an underwater reinforced concrete precast pile, which adopts the piling equipment disclosed in the first embodiment and specifically comprises the following steps.
S1, positioning the ship body 1, stabilizing the ship body 1, ensuring that the inserted sheet pile 4 is positioned in the abdicating groove 11, and arranging a pile hole 41 in the middle of the sheet pile 4. General positioning adopts GPRS positioning, results are accurate, other positioning methods are also applicable, and it is only required to ensure that the inserted sheet piles 4 are positioned in the abdicating grooves 11 after the ship body 1 is stably stopped.
And S2, fixing the ship body 1 relative to the river bottom. The fixing form may be one or more of the moving positioning mechanism 31, the tensioning structure 32 and the fixed positioning mechanism 34 described in the first embodiment, or may be other forms, as long as the hull 1 can be fixed relative to the river bottom before piling.
Of course, in the case of using the movable positioning mechanism 31 and the fixed positioning mechanism 34 in combination, the slide block 311 is slid with respect to the guide rail 12, the movable positioning pile 313 is aligned with the fixed sheet pile 4, the movable positioning pile 313 is inserted into the pile hole 41, and the side surface of the sheet pile 4 in the hoisting state is made to abut against the side surface of the fixed sheet pile 4, and then the fastening mechanism is activated to fix the relative position of the slide block 311 and the guide rail 12; then, the fixed positioning pile 342 is lowered and slid relative to the positioning pile frame 341, so that the fixed positioning pile 342 is inserted and fixed at the river bottom. Firstly, the movable positioning pile 313 is inserted into the pile hole 41 for fixing, then the ship body 1 is moved to enable the hoisted sheet pile 4 to be abutted against the side face of the inserted sheet pile 4, so that the installation gap between the sheet piles 4 is reduced, finally, the fixed positioning pile 342 is inserted at the river bottom, the ship body 1 is fixed after the fixed positioning pile 342 and the movable positioning pile 313 are combined, and the hoisted sheet pile 4 can be aligned with the inserted and fixed sheet pile 4, so that the operation is convenient and fast.
However, for the first sheet pile 4, the hull 1 is generally fixed by anchor lines to ensure the stability of the hull 1 on the water surface, and then the same method is used for pile hanging and piling.
And S3, hoisting the sheet pile 4 by using the pile driver 2, and inserting the hoisted sheet pile 4 into the abdicating groove 11 from top to bottom. In the pile lifting process, a sheet pile 4 is generally transported to a construction area by a water transportation barge, and then the pile lifting operation is performed by using a lifting mechanism 23 of a pile driver.
It is preferable that the lifted sheet pile 4 can be placed between the two guide frames 331, and four side surfaces of the sheet pile 4 are respectively abutted against the guide frames 331, the positioning rods 332 and the locking rods 3331, so that the lowering stability and the position accuracy of the lifted sheet pile 4 can be improved, and the verticality of the sheet pile 4 in the piling process can be ensured.
And S4, lowering the suspended sheet pile 4, starting the pile driver 2 to perform hammering pile pressing operation on the sheet pile 4, and inserting the sheet pile 4 into the river bottom.
And S5, repeating the steps S1-S4 until the sheet piles 4 are spliced and distributed. The sheet pile 4 can be driven to a preset position at one time, namely the upper end of the sheet pile 4 is positioned at the river bottom, and the sheet pile 4 can also be driven for multiple times.
It is preferable that the piling is performed twice in step S5, and the upper end of the sheet pile 4 is located between 30mm above the water surface and 50mm below the water surface when the sheet pile 4 is piled for the first time, and then, the method further includes step S6: the ship body 1 is driven to the initial position of the sheet pile 4, the steps S1 and S3 are repeated, and then the sheet piles 4 are driven one by one to be flush with the river bottom. Like this, the upper end of sheet pile 4 can be in the clear observation of surface of water top, and the in-process of being convenient for lower stake aligns by hoist and mount sheet pile 4 with by grafting sheet pile 4, is difficult for appearing the error, and the fault-tolerant rate is higher, and fashioned sheet pile 4's continuity is good.
The concrete sheet pile overwater construction method is mainly used for reinforcing water gate foundations, river revetment, flood prevention walls, river bank landscape transformation, tower foundations, navigation marks and survey station foundations. The construction method has the characteristics of simplicity, high construction efficiency and the like, and can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce the engineering cost. The method is more suitable for engineering construction in the aspects of difficult flow guide, tight construction period or requirement on quick strength improvement of hydraulic engineering and the like.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The piling equipment for the underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet pile is characterized by comprising a ship body (1), a pile driver (2) and a positioning device, wherein the ship body (1) is provided with a square abdicating groove (11), and the pile driver (2) is fixed above the ship body (1) and is positioned at one end of the abdicating groove (11); a horizontal guide rail (12) is fixedly arranged on the ship body (1), the direction of the guide rail (12) is flush with the direction of the abdicating groove (11), the positioning device comprises a mobile positioning mechanism (31), the mobile positioning mechanism (31) comprises a sliding block (311), a guide sleeve (312), a mobile positioning pile (313) and a fastening structure, the sliding block (311) is in sliding connection with the guide rail (12), the fastening structure is used for keeping the relative position between the sliding block (311) and the guide rail (12), the guide sleeve (312) is fixedly connected with the sliding block (311), the mobile positioning pile (313) is in vertical sliding connection with the guide sleeve (312), the guide sleeve (312) is positioned right above the abdicating groove (11), and the lower end of the mobile positioning pile (313) is positioned in the abdicating groove (11); the fastening structure is tensioning structure (32), tensioning structure (32) are including taut reel (321), taut wire rope (322) and diversion pulley (323), diversion pulley (323) and taut reel (321) are all fixed in the same one side of groove of stepping down (11), the one end of taut wire rope (322) is around connecting on taut reel (321), diversion pulley (323) are walked around in proper order to the other end of taut wire rope (322), mobile positioning stake (313) after-fixing is on the hull (1) of groove of stepping down (11) one side of keeping away from diversion pulley (323).
2. Piling device for underwater precast reinforced concrete sheet pile according to claim 1, characterized in that a positioning frame (33) is fixedly arranged under the piling machine (2), the positioning frame (33) comprises a guide frame (331) and a positioning rod (332), both ends of the positioning rod (332) are fixed on the hull (1) at both sides of the abdicating groove (11), the positioning rod (332) is located at one end of the guide frame (331) close to the piling machine (2), the guide frame (331) comprises two and is respectively fixed at both sides of the abdicating groove (11), and the surfaces of the two guide frames (331) close to each other are arranged in parallel.
3. Piling device for underwater precast reinforced concrete sheet pile according to claim 2, characterized in that the ends of the two guide frames (331) far from the positioning rod (332) are flared.
4. The piling equipment for underwater reinforced concrete precast slab pile according to claim 2, wherein a locking mechanism (333) is fixedly provided at one end of the guide frame (331) far from the positioning rod (332), the locking mechanism (333) comprises a locking rod (3331), a clamping groove (3332) and a support (3333), the clamping groove (3332) and the support (3333) are respectively fixed above the hull (1) at both sides of the avoiding groove (11), the locking rod (3331) is hinged with the support (3333) and the locking rod (3331) rotates into the clamping groove (3332) relative to the support (3333).
5. The piling equipment for underwater precast reinforced concrete sheet pile as recited in claim 1, wherein the positioning device comprises a fixed positioning mechanism (34), the fixed positioning mechanism (34) is fixedly arranged on the hull (1) at one end of the hull (1) far away from the movable positioning mechanism (31), the fixed positioning mechanism (34) comprises a positioning pile frame (341) and a fixed positioning pile (342), the positioning pile frame (341) is fixedly connected with the hull (1), and the fixed positioning pile (342) is vertically and slidably connected with the positioning pile frame (341).
6. A pile driving method of an underwater reinforced concrete prefabricated sheet pile, which adopts the pile driving equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, positioning the position of the ship body (1), inserting a movable positioning pile (313) into a pile hole (41) of a sheet pile (4) inserted into the river bottom, starting a tensioning structure (32), winding a tensioning steel wire rope (322) by using a tensioning winding drum (321), driving the ship body (1) to move relative to the movable positioning pile (313), ensuring that the inserted sheet pile (4) is positioned in the abdicating groove (11) after the ship body (1) is stably stopped, and opening the pile hole (41) in the middle of the sheet pile (4); s2, fixing the ship body (1) relative to the river bottom; s3, hoisting the sheet pile (4) by using the pile driver (2), and inserting the hoisted sheet pile (4) into the abdicating groove (11) from top to bottom; s4, lowering the suspended sheet pile (4), starting the pile driver (2) to carry out hammering and pile pressing operation on the sheet pile (4), and inserting the sheet pile (4) into the river bottom; and S5, repeating the steps S1-S4 until the sheet pile (4) is spliced and distributed.
7. Piling method of underwater reinforced concrete precast slab pile according to claim 6, characterized in that in step S3, the hoisted slab pile (4) is placed between two guide frames (331), and four sides of the slab pile (4) are abutted with the guide frames (331), the positioning rods (332) and the locking rods (3331), respectively.
8. Piling method for underwater reinforced concrete precast slab pile according to claim 6, characterized in that, in step S2, the slide block (311) is slid with respect to the guide rail (12), the mobile spud (313) is aligned with the fixed slab pile (4), the mobile spud (313) is inserted into the pile hole (41) and the side of the slab pile (4) in the hoisted state is made to abut against the side of the fixed slab pile (4), and thereafter the fastening mechanism is activated to fix the relative position of the slide block (311) and the guide rail (12); and then the fixed positioning pile (342) is lowered and slides relative to the positioning pile frame (341) so that the fixed positioning pile (342) is inserted and fixed at the river bottom.
9. Piling method for underwater reinforced concrete precast slab pile according to claim 6, characterized in that in step S5, the upper end of the slab pile (4) is located between 30mm above the water surface and 50mm below the water surface when the slab pile (4) is inserted, and thereafter, the step S6 is further included: and then the ship body (1) is driven to the sheet piles (4) to enable the sheet piles (4) to be positioned below the abdicating grooves (11), and the sheet piles (4) are driven to be flush with the river bottom one by one.
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| CN110552350A (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2019-12-10 | 中国电建集团山东电力建设有限公司 | pile driving ship with pile gripper and overwater construction method thereof |
| CN114934509B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-08-11 | 江苏省交通工程集团有限公司 | PHC tubular pile sinking guide frame and PHC tubular pile sinking method using guide frame |
| CN116591163B (en) * | 2023-07-18 | 2023-09-15 | 山东三箭建设工程管理有限公司 | Sheet pile wall plugging device for reinforcing side wall of foundation |
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