CN110129558A - Chromium-bearing sludge prepares the method and ferrochrome of ferrochrome - Google Patents
Chromium-bearing sludge prepares the method and ferrochrome of ferrochrome Download PDFInfo
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- CN110129558A CN110129558A CN201910533578.6A CN201910533578A CN110129558A CN 110129558 A CN110129558 A CN 110129558A CN 201910533578 A CN201910533578 A CN 201910533578A CN 110129558 A CN110129558 A CN 110129558A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/005—Manufacture of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
- C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
- C22B1/216—Sintering; Agglomerating in rotary furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/248—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating of metal scrap or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention belongs to resource regeneration field, it is related to method and ferrochrome that a kind of chromium-bearing sludge prepares ferrochrome.The method that chromium-bearing sludge of the invention prepares ferrochrome, comprising: (1) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed, are pressed into green pellets；(2) green pellets is dried, roasts acquisition pelletizing；(3) by the pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient, smelting acquisition ferrochrome.The present invention solves the problems, such as the harm of metal solid waste, while valuable metallic element being extracted out, realizes the recycling and utilization of solid waste resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to resource regeneration field, it is related to method and ferrochrome that a kind of chromium-bearing sludge prepares ferrochrome,
A kind of more particularly to method that ferrochrome or stainless steel are prepared by chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust.
Background technique
Chromium is alloying element most basic in stainless steel, and content typically constitutes from 13% or more, can effectively improve stainless steel material
Intensity, toughness, wearability, harden ability and tempering property.During blast furnace steel-making, need to be added evanohm or chrome ore, and
China's chromium ore resource is poorer, by can the degree of meet demand see and belong to deficient resources.
A large amount of chromium-bearing sludge can be generated in industrial activities such as chrome ore processing, plating, process hides, pulp production, oil refining, contains chromium
Containing largely residual acid and heavy metal, especially high valence chrome in sludge, greatly, easily accumulated with toxicity, unstable, calorific value is low, easy
The features such as loss.With the continuous development of industry, chromium-bearing sludge yield can be more and more, bring great negative shadow to environment
It rings, seriously restricts the health and sustainable development of enterprise.It is solid to be essentially room temperature to the processing mode of chromium-bearing sludge for the country at present
Antiseepage fills after change.This mode does not only take up a large amount of land resource, while there is also huge environmental pollution hidden danger.
Steel mill's dust mostlys come from removing for each process such as sintering, pelletizing, ironmaking, steel-making and rolling in steel smelting procedure
Dirt process, general all iron content is 30-70% in steel mill's dust, is worth with important recycling.
Chinese invention patent CN 109371233A discloses one kind heavy metal sewage sludge containing chromium and cooperates with processing side with ion dust mud contaning
Method, including chromium heavy metal dirt will be contained with after ion dust mud contaning, fixative, flux mixing pelletizing, it is restored at high temperature with reducing agent
Calcining is obtained, is then sorted after calcining ore grinding using wet type low intensity magnetic separation, obtains ferrochrome product and tailing.But due to this
Method uses rotary kiln for directly reducing, and rotary kiln for directly reducing is limited by temperature range and technique limitation requires (if reduction temperature
Degree is high, then is easy to cause rotary kiln " ring formation ", influences technique direct motion), lead to that the reduction rate of iron is low, chromium reduction rate is lower.It returns
In rotary kiln reduction process, metal grain is more difficult to grow up, and embedding step, subsequent grinding process are unable to fully dissociation gold mutually for metal and impurity
Category and impurity.During leading to magnetic separation, metal yield is low, and part metals enter in slag, while partial impurities enter in iron powder；Magnetic
The impurity such as silica, calcium oxide etc. in iron powder containing about 10% is selected, is smelted in magnetic separation and is easily accessible iron powder.In addition, the work
Skill final products are iron powder (impurity such as silicon oxide-containing, calcium oxide), and iron powder purposes in metallurgy is less.If added as blast furnace
Agent, then it is uneconomical；If the impurity in magnetic separation iron powder is easy pollution steel product as steel-making additive.
Therefore, this field needs a kind of new chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust cooperative processing method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, provide a kind of method that chromium-bearing sludge prepares ferrochrome
And ferrochrome.
Specifically, on the one hand, the method that chromium-bearing sludge of the invention prepares ferrochrome, comprising the following steps: (1) will contain
Chromium sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water mixing, and it is pressed into green pellets；(2) green pellets is dried, roasts and obtains
Obtain pelletizing；(3) by the pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient, melting is then carried out, obtains ferrochrome.
Preferably, before step (1), further include the steps that handling chromium-bearing sludge using crush type pneumatic drier, through locating
Reason, the partial size of the chromium-bearing sludge are 0.1mm or less.
It preferably, further include that desiliconization, decarburization are carried out to the liquid ferrochrome alloy obtained after the melting, refining obtains stainless
The step of steel.
Preferably, in step (2), the green pellets is dried in pelletizing drying equipment, is then fed into pellet roasting
Equipment is roasted in an oxidizing atmosphere, and maturing temperature is 1150-1350 DEG C.
Preferably, in step (3), the melting carries out in mineral hot furnace, and bath temperature is 1600 DEG C or more.
Preferably, the proportion of the chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust is (quality of chromium in chromium-bearing sludge)/(dirty containing chromium
In mud in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust iron quality) be 0.12-0.38；The quality of the binder is chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's powder
The 2%-5% of the quality sum of dirt；The quality of the water account for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum 6%-
10%.
Preferably, in step (3), the quality of fixed carbon is aoxidized with iron in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust in the reducing agent
The ratio of the gross mass of oxygen is 0.7-0.9 in object and chromated oxide.
Preferably, the proportion of silica and the dolomite described in step (3) are as follows: (quality of calcium oxide in all materials+
The quality of magnesia in all materials) quality of silica is 0.6-1 in/all materials.
Preferably, steel mill's dust includes ironmaking dust, steel-making dust, sintering dust；The binder include syrup,
Lime；The reducing agent includes coke, bituminous coal, anthracite.
On the other hand, ferrochrome of the invention, by the preparation of the utilization method of above-mentioned chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust
At, wherein the ferrochrome 10%-25% containing chromium.
Technical solution of the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The method that chromium-bearing sludge of the invention prepares ferrochrome passes through rotary kiln oxidizing roasting+mineral hot furnace reduction preparation
Molten iron+refining prepares stainless steel art, and chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust are carried out high temperature reduction melting processing, made in waste
The valuable metals such as ferrochrome element is further refined acquisition ferrochrome, it is solid to be not only solved metal with the state outflow melted
Useless harm problem, has also obtained stainless steel product, turns waste into wealth.Therefore, the present invention has effectively achieved returning for solid waste resource
It receives and utilizes, there is significant economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
By reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantages and benefits are common for this field
Technical staff will become clear.The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.
Fig. 1 prepares the flow chart of ferrochrome method for the chromium-bearing sludge in one embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to fully understand the purpose of the present invention, feature and effect, by following specific embodiments, the present invention is made detailed
It describes in detail bright.For process of the invention in addition to following the description, remaining is all made of the conventional method or device of this field.Following nouns
Term is unless otherwise stated, all have the normally understood meaning of those skilled in the art.
On the one hand, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of method that chromium-bearing sludge prepares ferrochrome, including it is following
Step:
(1) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed, and is pressed into green pellets.
Preferably, the proportion of the chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust is (quality of chromium in chromium-bearing sludge)/(dirty containing chromium
In mud in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust iron quality)=0.12-0.38；The quality of the binder is chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's powder
The 2%-5% of dirt quality sum；The quality of the water account for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum 6%-10%.
Wherein, in chromium-bearing sludge, the content of Cr is greater than 2.5%, and all iron content of steel mill's dust is greater than 30%.
Wherein, steel mill's dust includes but is not limited to smelt iron dust, steel-making dust, sintering dust；The binder packet
Include but be not limited to lime, syrup, humic acid, bentonite；The reducing agent includes but is not limited to coke, bituminous coal, anthracite, preferably
For coke.
It in some preferred embodiments, further include using the processing of crush type pneumatic drier containing chromium before step (1)
The step of sludge, specifically, thermal current input to be equipped with to the pneumatic drier of sludge.When thermal current and sludge meet, i.e., into
The strong heat exchange of row keeps Sludge Surface dry, eliminates bonding and tends to；When sludge enters by rotor, tup and counterpunch board, whirlpool
When revolving the crushing chambers of compositions such as room, is crushed by reaction type and be further oven-dried in the eddy airstream of heat；After these are crushed
Chromium-bearing sludge partial size be less than 0.1mm, crushing system is then taken out of by thermal current and is swept away by wind, in separation chamber, more slightly
Particulate material fall back to crushing chamber and further crush.Fine powder after drying and crushing is collected through deduster is sent into surge bunker, by under storehouse
Cone pump is delivered to sludge powder warehouse.
Wherein, drying machine heat source can be the hot gas that fuel gas hot-blast stove is sent out or the hot fume that mineral hot furnace burning generates.
The present invention handles chromium-bearing sludge by crush type pneumatic drier, wet mud can be handled to reasonable granularity (being less than 0.1mm),
It is used to prepare pelletizing.
Preferably, after chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder being mixed according to aforementioned proportion strength, then plus 8% water it is mixed
It closes, then feeds the mixture into high-pressure ball press and be pressed into green pellets.
(2) green pellets is dried, roasts acquisition pelletizing.
Green pellets drying equipment is dry kiln, for removing pelletizing moisture.
The drying carries out in dry kiln, and optionally, the dry kiln is vertical drying kiln, and heat source is rotary kiln part
Tail gas, 150 ° of temperature <.
Roasting apparatus is rotary kiln, and rotary kiln baking is oxidizing atmosphere roasting.Rotary kiln baking section temperature is 1150-
1350℃.It is fired, pelletizing interior tissue consolidation is fine and close, improves the intensity of pelletizing, also improves material charging temperature.
Optionally, roasting can also be using equipment such as shaft furnace, rotary hearth furnace, belt type roasting machines.Calcination atmosphere is oxidisability
Atmosphere.
(3) pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite are subjected to melting, obtain ferrochrome.
Wherein, the weight proportion of the pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite follows following principle: reducing agent proportion is abided by
It follows, (quality of fixed carbon in reducing agent): (oxygen in quality+chromated oxide of oxygen in ferriferous oxide in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust
Quality) be 0.7-0.9；Silica, dolomite proportion follow: (aoxidized in quality+all materials of calcium oxide in all materials
The quality of magnesium) quality=0.6-1 of silica in/all materials.
After agglomerates can be cooled to room temperature, with all kinds of proportioning materials.It in some preferred embodiments, can also be with
Ingredient is participated in using hot pelletizing.So-called hot pelletizing, after roasting, the pelletizing not being cooled to room temperature for a long time, itself is still
Holding higher temperature, about 600 DEG C.
Roasting pelletizing is discharged to heat preservation by (either shaft furnace or rotary hearth furnace) chute in rotary kiln head-shield first
Feed bin subsequently enters heat preservation batch can (at this time pelletizing temperature be 600 DEG C or so), then, by coke and silica, dolomite according to
Aforementioned proportion is sent into heat preservation batch can, keeps the temperature batch can through trolley and enters workshop, is then promoted to furnace top bin by lift.
Material enters feed bin, is continuously conveyed through charge tube to mineral hot furnace melting, obtains alloy hot metal through pyrolytic semlting.Mine heat
In furnace fusion process, bath temperature is at 1600 DEG C or more, and at this temperature, chromium reducing degree is very high, and most of iron realizes
Reduction.
Preferably, it in fusion process, was spaced by 3 hours, opens plug for outlet with blow-on mouth machine, make liquid ferrochrome alloy stream
Enter ladle, clinker enters cinder ladle through ladle.Wherein, the content of chromium is 10%-25% in ferrochrome.
Preferably, desiliconization, carbonization treatment are passed through to liquid ferrochrome alloy, then refining production stainless steel.Produced stainless steel
For ferritic stainless steel, corresponding China's trade mark is 1Cr13 or 1Cr17.In some other embodiments, it can also be prepared
The stainless steel of its trade mark, the present invention only do exemplary illustration herein.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of ferrochromes, and the ferrochrome is by above-mentioned chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill
The utilization method of dust is prepared, wherein the ferrochrome 10%-25% containing chromium.
The present invention is realized in waste by carrying out high temperature reduction calcination process to chromium-bearing sludge and steel mill's dust
The recycling of the valuable metals element such as chromium, iron, solves the problems, such as the harm of metal solid waste, and therefore, the present invention has significant
Economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions.Following implementation
Raw material used in example is that regular market purchase obtains.
Embodiment 1
Chromium-bearing sludge (butt) ingredient in 1 embodiment 1 of table
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Cr6+ | |
| % | 13.7 | 14.2 | 3.57 | 17.2 | 10.6 | 2.5 |
Steel mill's Dust in 2 embodiment 1 of table
| Dust | TFe% | SiO2% | CaO% | MgO% | Al2O3% | K2O% | Na2O% | Zn% |
| Smelt iron dust | 30 | 17.5 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.19 |
| Steel-making dust | 52.6 | 3.61 | 23.1 | 5.88 | 0.01 | 0.534 | 0.428 | 1.437 |
| It is sintered dust | 43.7 | 4.4 | 5.24 | 1.36 | 0 | 8.82 | 0.652 | 0.2 |
(1) pulverization process is dried using crush type pneumatic drier in chromium-bearing sludge, through handling, the chromium-bearing sludge
Partial size be less than 0.1mm.
(2) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed according to the following ratio, and are pressed into green pellets, wherein
Binder is lime and syrup, and it is 5:3.5:1.5 that dust, steel-making dust are smelted iron in steel mill's dust, is sintered the ratio of dust.(contain
The quality of chromium in chromium sludge): (quality of iron in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust in chromium-bearing sludge) is 0.12；The quality of binder
Account for the 2% of the quality sum of chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust；The quality of water accounts for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum
6%.
(3) by the green pellets be delivered to dry kiln 140 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, be then sent in rotary kiln into
Row roasting, the preheating section temperature are 400 DEG C, and the furnace zone temperature is 1250 DEG C, when roasting a length of 30min, through oxygen
Change roasting, the compression strength of pelletizing is > 2000N/.
It (4), then will mixing by roasting hot pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient according to a certain percentage
Material is delivered to mineral hot furnace and carries out melting, and bath temperature is greater than 1600 DEG C, obtains the liquid ferrochrome alloy containing chromium 10%.Wherein,
The proportion of reducing agent is according to (quality of fixed carbon in reducing agent): (in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust in ferriferous oxide oxygen quality
The quality of oxygen in+chromated oxide) it is 0.7；Silica, dolomite proportion according to (quality+property of calcium oxide in all materials
The quality of magnesia in material) quality=0.6 of silica in/all materials.
(5) desiliconization, decarburization are carried out to the liquid ferrochrome alloy, obtains ferritic stainless steel by refining.Specifically, de-
Silicon uses desiliconization converter, oxygen blast, addition lime in desiliconization process；Decarburization uses VOD furnace, and under vacuum condition, oxygen decarburization is simultaneously blown
Argon stirring.
Embodiment 2
Chromium-bearing sludge (butt) ingredient in 3 embodiment 2 of table
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Cr3+ | |
| % | 20.6 | 15.2 | 5.6 | 19 | 11 | 7 |
Steel mill's Dust in 4 embodiment 2 of table
| Dust | TFe% | SiO2% | CaO% | MgO% | Al2O3% | K2O% | Na2O% | Zn% |
| Smelt iron dust | 40.1 | 7.37 | 4.35 | 2.08 | 3.08 | 0.243 | 0.01 | 0.19 |
| Steel-making dust | 52.6 | 3.61 | 23.1 | 5.88 | 0.01 | 0.534 | 0.428 | 1.437 |
| It is sintered dust | 43.7 | 4.4 | 5.24 | 1.36 | 0 | 8.82 | 0.652 | 0.2 |
(1) pulverization process is dried using crush type pneumatic drier in chromium-bearing sludge, through handling, the chromium-bearing sludge
Partial size be less than 0.1mm.
(2) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed according to the following ratio, and are pressed into green pellets, wherein
Binder is bentonite, and it is 5:2:3 that dust, steel-making dust are smelted iron in steel mill's dust, is sintered the ratio of dust.(in chromium-bearing sludge
The quality of chromium): (quality of iron in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust in chromium-bearing sludge) is 0.2；The quality of binder is accounted for containing chromium dirt
The 4% of the quality sum of mud, steel mill's dust；The quality of water account for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum 8%.
(3) by the green pellets be delivered to dry kiln 140 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, then use shaft roasting,
Through oxidizing roasting, the compression strength of pelletizing is > 2000N/.
It (4), then will mixing by roasting hot pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient according to a certain percentage
Material is delivered to mineral hot furnace and carries out melting, and bath temperature is greater than 1600 DEG C, obtains the liquid ferrochrome alloy containing chromium 15%.Wherein,
The proportion of reducing agent is according to (quality of fixed carbon in reducing agent): (in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust in ferriferous oxide oxygen quality
The quality of oxygen in+chromated oxide) it is 0.8；Silica, dolomite proportion according to (quality+property of calcium oxide in all materials
The quality of magnesia in material) quality=0.8 of silica in/all materials.
(5) desiliconization, decarburization are carried out to the liquid ferrochrome alloy, refining directly obtains ferritic stainless steel.
Wherein, desiliconization uses desiliconization converter, oxygen blast, addition lime in desiliconization process.Decarburization uses VOD furnace, vacuum condition
Under, oxygen decarburization and Argon stirring.
Embodiment 3
Chromium-bearing sludge (butt) ingredient in 5 embodiment 3 of table
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Cr6+ | Na | |
| % | 3.25 | 25.5 | 4.67 | 19 | 11 | 10.60 | 1 |
Steel mill's Dust in 6 embodiment 3 of table
| Dust | TFe% | SiO2% | CaO% | MgO% | Al2O3% | K2O% | Na2O% | Zn% |
| Smelt iron dust | 40.1 | 7.37 | 4.35 | 2.08 | 3.08 | 0.243 | 0.01 | 0.19 |
| Steel-making dust | 52.6 | 3.61 | 23.1 | 5.88 | 0.01 | 0.534 | 0.428 | 1.437 |
| It is sintered dust | 43.7 | 4.4 | 5.24 | 1.36 | 0 | 8.82 | 0.652 | 0.2 |
(1) pulverization process is dried using crush type pneumatic drier in chromium-bearing sludge, through handling, the chromium-bearing sludge
Partial size be less than 0.1mm.
(2) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed according to the following ratio, and are pressed into green pellets, wherein
Binder is bentonite, and it is 5:1:4 that dust, steel-making dust are smelted iron in steel mill's dust, is sintered the ratio of dust.(in chromium-bearing sludge
The quality of chromium): (quality of iron in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust in chromium-bearing sludge) is 0.28；The quality of binder is accounted for containing chromium dirt
The 5% of the quality sum of mud, steel mill's dust；The quality of water account for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum 10%.
(3) by the green pellets be delivered to dry kiln 140 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, then using rotary hearth furnace roast
It burns, through oxidizing roasting, the compression strength of pelletizing is > 2000N/.
It (4), then will mixing by roasting hot pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient according to a certain percentage
Material is delivered to mineral hot furnace and carries out melting, and bath temperature is greater than 1600 DEG C, obtains the liquid ferrochrome alloy containing chromium 20%.Wherein,
The proportion of reducing agent is according to (quality of fixed carbon in reducing agent): (in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust in ferriferous oxide oxygen quality
The quality of oxygen in+chromated oxide) it is 0.9；Silica, dolomite proportion according to (quality+property of calcium oxide in all materials
The quality of magnesia in material) quality=1 of silica in/all materials.
(5) desiliconization, decarburization are carried out to the liquid ferrochrome alloy, refining directly obtains ferritic stainless steel.
Wherein, desiliconization uses desiliconization converter, oxygen blast, addition lime in desiliconization process.Decarburization uses VOD furnace, vacuum condition
Under, oxygen decarburization and Argon stirring.
Embodiment 4
Chromium-bearing sludge (butt) ingredient in 7 embodiment 4 of table
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Cr6+ | Na | |
| % | 3.25 | 25.5 | 4.67 | 19 | 11 | 10.60 | 1 |
Steel mill's Dust in 8 embodiment 4 of table
| Dust | TFe% | SiO2% | CaO% | MgO% | Al2O3% | K2O% | Na2O% | Zn% |
| Smelt iron dust | 40.1 | 7.37 | 4.35 | 2.08 | 3.08 | 0.243 | 0.01 | 0.19 |
| Steel-making dust | 52.6 | 3.61 | 23.1 | 5.88 | 0.01 | 0.534 | 0.428 | 1.437 |
| It is sintered dust | 43.7 | 4.4 | 5.24 | 1.36 | 0 | 8.82 | 0.652 | 0.2 |
(1) pulverization process is dried using crush type pneumatic drier in chromium-bearing sludge, through handling, the chromium-bearing sludge
Partial size be less than 0.1mm.
(2) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed according to the following ratio, and are pressed into green pellets, wherein
Binder is bentonite, and it is 5:3.5:1.5 that dust, steel-making dust are smelted iron in steel mill's dust, is sintered the ratio of dust.It is (dirty containing chromium
The quality of chromium in mud): (quality of iron in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust in chromium-bearing sludge) is 0.16；The quality of binder, which accounts for, to be contained
The 4% of the quality sum of chromium sludge, steel mill's dust；The quality of water accounts for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum
7%.
(3) by the green pellets be delivered to dry kiln 140 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, then using rotary hearth furnace roast
It burns, through oxidizing roasting, the compression strength of pelletizing is > 2000N/.
It (4), then will mixing by roasting hot pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient according to a certain percentage
Material is delivered to mineral hot furnace and carries out melting, and bath temperature is greater than 1600 DEG C, obtains the liquid ferrochrome alloy containing chromium 12.8%.Its
In, the proportion of reducing agent is according to (quality of fixed carbon in reducing agent): (oxygen in ferriferous oxide in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust
The quality of oxygen in quality+chromated oxide) it is 0.75；Silica, dolomite proportion according to (quality of calcium oxide in all materials+
The quality of magnesia in all materials) quality=0.9 of silica in/all materials.
(5) desiliconization, decarburization are carried out to the liquid ferrochrome alloy, refining directly obtains ferritic stainless steel.
Wherein, desiliconization uses desiliconization converter, oxygen blast, addition lime in desiliconization process.Decarburization uses VOD furnace, vacuum condition
Under, oxygen decarburization and Argon stirring.
Embodiment 5
Chromium-bearing sludge (butt) ingredient in 9 embodiment 5 of table
| SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Cr6+ | Na | |
| % | 3.25 | 25.5 | 4.67 | 19 | 11 | 10.60 | 1 |
Steel mill's Dust in 10 embodiment 5 of table
| Dust | TFe% | SiO2% | CaO% | MgO% | Al2O3% | K2O% | Na2O% | Zn% |
| Smelt iron dust | 40.1 | 7.37 | 4.35 | 2.08 | 3.08 | 0.243 | 0.01 | 0.19 |
| Steel-making dust | 52.6 | 3.61 | 23.1 | 5.88 | 0.01 | 0.534 | 0.428 | 1.437 |
| It is sintered dust | 43.7 | 4.4 | 5.24 | 1.36 | 0 | 8.82 | 0.652 | 0.2 |
(1) pulverization process is dried using crush type pneumatic drier in chromium-bearing sludge, through handling, the chromium-bearing sludge
Partial size be less than 0.1mm.
(2) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed according to the following ratio, and are pressed into green pellets, wherein
Binder is bentonite, and it is 5:3.5:1.5 that dust, steel-making dust are smelted iron in steel mill's dust, is sintered the ratio of dust.It is (dirty containing chromium
The quality of chromium in mud): (quality of iron in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust in chromium-bearing sludge) is 0.38；The quality of binder, which accounts for, to be contained
The 5% of the quality sum of chromium sludge, steel mill's dust；The quality of water accounts for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum
9%.
(3) by the green pellets be delivered to dry kiln 140 DEG C at a temperature of be dried, then using rotary hearth furnace roast
It burns, through oxidizing roasting, the compression strength of pelletizing is > 2000N/.
It (4), then will mixing by roasting hot pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient according to a certain percentage
Material is delivered to mineral hot furnace and carries out melting, and bath temperature is greater than 1600 DEG C, obtains the liquid ferrochrome alloy containing chromium 25%.Wherein,
The proportion of reducing agent is according to (quality of fixed carbon in reducing agent): (in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust in ferriferous oxide oxygen quality
The quality of oxygen in+chromated oxide) it is 0.85；Silica, dolomite proportion according to the (quality of calcium oxide in all materials+all
The quality of magnesia in material) quality=0.85 of silica in/all materials.
(5) desiliconization, decarburization are carried out to the liquid ferrochrome alloy, obtains ferritic stainless steel by refining.Specifically, de-
Silicon uses desiliconization converter, oxygen blast, addition lime in desiliconization process；Decarburization uses VOD furnace, and under vacuum condition, oxygen decarburization is simultaneously blown
Argon stirring.
The present invention is hereinbefore disclosed with preferred embodiment, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that, these
Embodiment is only used for describing the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention.It should be noted that all implement with these
Example equivalent variation and displacement, should all be set as being covered by scope of the presently claimed invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention
It should be subject to range defined in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that chromium-bearing sludge prepares ferrochrome, which comprises the following steps:
(1) chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder and water are mixed, is pressed into green pellets；
(2) green pellets is dried, roasts acquisition pelletizing；
(3) by the pelletizing and reducing agent, silica, dolomite ingredient, melting is then carried out, obtains ferrochrome.
2. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that before step (1), also
Include the steps that handling chromium-bearing sludge using crush type pneumatic drier, through handling, the partial size of the chromium-bearing sludge be 0.1mm with
Under.
3. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that further include to described molten
The step of liquid ferrochrome alloy obtained after refining carries out desiliconization, decarburization, and refining obtains stainless steel.
4. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that described in step (2)
Green pellets is dried in pelletizing drying equipment, is then fed into pellet roasting equipment and is roasted in an oxidizing atmosphere, roasting
Burning temperature is 1150-1350 DEG C.
5. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that described in step (3)
Melting carries out in mineral hot furnace, and bath temperature is 1600 DEG C or more.
6. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that the chromium-bearing sludge with
The proportion of steel mill's dust be (quality of chromium in chromium-bearing sludge)/(in chromium-bearing sludge in the quality of iron+steel mill's dust iron matter
Amount) it is 0.12-0.38；The quality of the binder is the 2%-5% of chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust quality sum；The water
Quality account for chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust, binder quality sum 6%-10%.
7. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that described in step (3)
The ratio of the quality of fixed carbon and the gross mass of oxygen in ferriferous oxide in chromium-bearing sludge, steel mill's dust and chromated oxide in reducing agent
For 0.7-0.9.
8. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that described in step (3)
The proportion of silica and the dolomite is (quality of magnesia in quality+all materials of calcium oxide in all materials)/all
The quality of silica is 0.6-1 in material.
9. the method that chromium-bearing sludge according to claim 1 prepares ferrochrome, which is characterized in that steel mill's dust packet
Include ironmaking dust, steel-making dust, sintering dust；The binder includes lime, syrup, humic acid, bentonite；The reducing agent
Including coke, bituminous coal, anthracite.
10. a kind of ferrochrome, which is characterized in that by the described in any item chromium-bearing sludges of claim 1-9 and steel mill's dust
It is prepared using method, wherein the ferrochrome 10%-25% containing chromium.
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