CN106319124A - Preparing method for ferrochrome silicon alloy - Google Patents
Preparing method for ferrochrome silicon alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106319124A CN106319124A CN201610810302.4A CN201610810302A CN106319124A CN 106319124 A CN106319124 A CN 106319124A CN 201610810302 A CN201610810302 A CN 201610810302A CN 106319124 A CN106319124 A CN 106319124A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- chromium
- chromite
- method described
- copper ashes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing method for a ferrochrome silicon alloy. The preparing method comprises the following steps that firstly, copper slag, ferrochrome mineral powder and a carbon reducing agent are crushed and then matched with a bonding agent to be evenly mixed, and a mixture is obtained; secondly, the mixture is pelletized and formed, wet pellets are obtained, and dried pellets are obtained through drying; thirdly, the dried pellets are roasted, and pre-reduced pellets are obtained; and fourthly, the pre-reduced pellets are smelted, and the ferrochrome silicon alloy is obtained. According to the preparing method, iron and silicon dioxide in the copper slag and iron, chromium oxide and other valuable components in the ferrochrome mineral are sufficiently utilized, the iron alloy with the high added value is produced, the production cost is reduced, waste can be turned into wealth, and environment pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of silicon chromium, particularly related to the preparation method of a kind of silicon chromium, belong to ferrum and close
Gold preparation field.
Background technology
Silicon chromium has important function in smelting iron and steel and use.It is mainly used as electro silicothermic process produce in, low,
The intermediate alloy of chromic carbide iron.Steel-making is used as deoxidizer and chrome additive.In existing smelting process, the production of silicon chromium
Raw material is chromium lump ore, Silicon stone, steel cuttings, coke etc., smelts within adding mineral hot furnace after above raw material blending, produces ferrochrome silicon and closes
Gold.
Chrome ore lump ore, steel cuttings, Silicon stone price comparison expensive, the cost causing production technology is high.Copper ashes is Copper making process
The industrial solid castoff of middle generation, China is annual produces about 10,000,000 t copper smelting slags.Copper ashes main component be ferrous oxide and
Silicon dioxide, is the raw material of smelting duriron.At present, world's chromite yield is about 20,000,000 t/a, and wherein (particle diameter is little for fine ore
In 8mm) account for 80%, and also the fine ore price of chromite is less than lump ore, as this kind of resource is applied to smelting Si ferrochrome,
The comprehensive utilization of solid waste valuable constituent can not only be realized, and production cost can be reduced, turn waste into wealth, it is to avoid
Environmental pollution.
Therefore, how to develop a kind of method that the resources such as copper ashes, chromite fine ore are used for smelting Si ferrochrome to become
Need badly and solve the technical problem that.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the preparation of a kind of silicon chromium
Method, the method not only makes full use of the ferrum in the ferrum in copper ashes and silicon dioxide and chromite and chromium oxide, produces height
The ferroalloy of added value, reduces production cost, also turns waste into wealth, it is to avoid environmental pollution.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Present invention firstly provides the preparation method of a kind of silicon chromium, comprise the following steps:
(1) after copper ashes, chromite powder and carbonaceous reducing agent break process respectively, allocate binding agent mix homogeneously into, mixed
Close material；(2) molding of compound pelletizing obtains wet bulb group, dries and obtains dry bulb group；(3) dry pellet roasting obtains pre-reduced pellet；
(4) pre-reduced pellet melting, obtains silicon chromium.
The present invention utilizes copper ashes and Silicon stone for primary raw material, is equipped with carbonaceous reducing agent and binding agent, by Reasonable adjustment ratio
Example optimizes the production of silicon chromium, finally determines copper ashes, chromite powder, binding agent, carbonaceous reducing agent in step (1)
According to 100:(80-150): (1-6): the mass ratio of (40-80) mixes.
Preferably, grain graininess obtained after copper ashes, chromite powder or carbonaceous reducing agent break process is controlled
Below 0.1mm；Wherein, described copper ashes is the tailings of Copper making；Described chromite powder is the fine ore that chromite exploitation produces；Described
Carbonaceous reducing agent be in metallurgical coke, semi-coke, petroleum coke, coal or semicoke any one or more than one according to arbitrary proportion form
Mixture；Described binding agent is bentonite.
In order to cost-effective, more reasonably utilize the ferrum in the ferrum in copper ashes and silicon dioxide and chromite and oxidation
Chromium, effectively prepares silicon chromium, following condition has carried out rational optimization, wherein:
The moisture of the dry pelletizing obtained by step (2) is below 2%.
Sintering temperature described in step (3) is 1000-1400 DEG C.
Smelting temperature >=1800 DEG C described in step (4).
The present invention uses Copper making tailings and chromite powder to be raw material, is equipped with carbonaceous reducing agent smelting Si ferrochrome.Copper
Slag is the side-product of Copper making, and main component is ferrous oxide and silicon dioxide；Chromite main component is iron oxides and three
Aoxidize two chromium, copper ashes, chromite, reducing agent and binding agent are made pelletizing and enters reduction furnace smelting.Ferrum in copper ashes and chromite
Oxide is reduced into metallic iron, and in the most a part of chromite, chromic oxide is reduced into chromium carbide by fixed carbon, due to chromium
The addition of iron mine, compound fusion temperature improves, and reduction roasting temperature can improve therewith, and the degree of metalization of chromium and ferrum is carried
Rising, carbonaceous pelletizing obtains the pre-reduced pellet with some strength after prereduction roasting.
Pre-reduced pellet enters high temperature furnace and carries out melting, and the alternative steel cuttings of unreduced ferrous oxide is directly produced ferrosilicon and closes
Gold, can reduce production cost, and the surplus carbon that silicon dioxide can be metallized in pelletizing is reduced into metallic silicon, is Antaciron
Main component, the silicon restored as strong reductant, can reduce in the oxygen in displacement chromated oxide and chromium carbide
Carbon, generates silicon chromium.The present invention makes full use of the ferrum in the ferrum in copper ashes and silicon dioxide and chromite and chromium oxide,
Not only achieve the comprehensive utilization of solid waste valuable constituent, and reduce production cost, turn waste into wealth, it is to avoid environment
Pollute.
Invention further provides the silicon chromium prepared by above-mentioned preparation method.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that
The valuable component such as ferrum during 1, the present invention makes full use of copper ashes and silicon dioxide, not only achieving solid waste has
The comprehensive utilization of valency composition, and reduce production cost, turn waste into wealth, it is to avoid environmental pollution.
The a large amount of cheap fine ore produced when 2, present invention utilizes chromite exploitation, solves fine ore and cannot directly enter stove
Problem, reduces alloy production cost.
3, compound pelletizing is first carried out prereduction by the present invention, makes ferrum and chromium have certain degree of metalization, effectively reduces electricity
The energy consumption of stove melting.
4, the present invention utilizes copper ashes to produce silicon chromium with chromite, overcomes the limitation of independent a kind of material composition
Property, ferrosilicon is intermediate products, is again intermediate reaction thing, reduces silicon chromium carbon content.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment further describe the present invention, advantages of the present invention and feature will be with describe and
Apparent.But these embodiments are only exemplary, the scope of the present invention is not constituted any restriction.People in the art
Member it should be understood that the details of the present invention and form can be modified lower without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention or
Replace, but these amendments and replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) copper ashes, chromite, coal are crushed to below 0.1mm, according to copper ashes: chromite: coal: bentonite=40:40:
The quality of 20:5, than mix homogeneously, makes wet bulb group, dries, dry bulb group water content 1.2%；
(2) dry bulb group is put in reduction furnace, reduction furnace temperature 1200 DEG C, 45 minutes time, obtain pre-reduced pellet；
(3) being put into by pre-reduced pellet in electric furnace and carry out melting, temperature 1800 DEG C, 90 minutes per intervals released, and stood
Silicon chromium is obtained after slagging-off.
The main component percentage by weight of the silicon chromium that the present invention produces is: chromium content 28%, silicone content 31%, ferrum
Content 38%, remaining be impurity.
Embodiment 2
(1) copper ashes, chromite, semicoke are crushed to below 0.1mm, according to copper ashes: chromite: semicoke: bentonite=42:
The quality of 40:18:2, than mix homogeneously, makes wet bulb group, dries, dry bulb group water content 0.7%；
(2) dry bulb is put in reduction furnace, reduction furnace temperature 1230 DEG C, 50 minutes time, obtain pre-reduced pellet；
(3) being put into by pre-reduced pellet in electric furnace and carry out melting, temperature 1850 DEG C, 80 minutes per intervals released, and stood
Silicon chromium is obtained after slagging-off.
The main component percentage by weight of the silicon chromium that the present invention produces is: chromium content 26%, silicone content 32%, ferrum
Content 38%, remaining be impurity.
Embodiment 3
(1) copper ashes, chromite, coke powder are crushed to below 0.1mm, according to copper ashes: chromite: coke powder: bentonite=45:
The quality of 35:24:5, than mix homogeneously, makes wet bulb group, dries, dry bulb group water content 1.6%；Described coke powder is metallurgical coke, orchid
Charcoal, petroleum coke, coal, the mixture of semicoke.
(2) dry bulb is put in reduction furnace, reduction furnace temperature 1100 DEG C, 60 minutes time, obtain pre-reduced pellet；
(3) being put into by pre-reduced pellet in electric furnace and carry out melting, temperature 1900 DEG C, 60 minutes per intervals released, and stood
Silicon chromium is obtained after slagging-off.
The main component percentage by weight of the silicon chromium that the present invention produces is: chromium content 23%, silicone content 36%, ferrum
Content 37%, remaining be impurity.
Embodiment 4
(1) copper ashes, chromite, metallurgical coke are crushed to below 0.1mm, according to copper ashes: chromite: metallurgical coke: bentonite
The quality of=100:80:50:1, than mix homogeneously, makes wet bulb group, dries, dry bulb group water content 1.2%；
(2) dry bulb group is put in reduction furnace, reduction furnace temperature 1000 DEG C, 70 minutes time, obtain pre-reduced pellet；
(3) being put into by pre-reduced pellet in electric furnace and carry out melting, temperature 2000 DEG C, 60 minutes per intervals released, and stood
Silicon chromium is obtained after slagging-off.
The main component percentage by weight of the silicon chromium that the present invention produces is: chromium content 23%, silicone content 34%, ferrum
Content 41%, remaining be impurity.
Embodiment 5
(1) copper ashes, chromite, semi-coke are crushed to below 0.1mm, according to copper ashes: chromite: semi-coke: bentonite=50:
The quality of 75:25:3, than mix homogeneously, makes wet bulb group, dries, dry bulb group water content 1.9%；
(2) dry bulb group is put in reduction furnace, reduction furnace temperature 1400 DEG C, 30 minutes time, obtain pre-reduced pellet；
(3) being put into by pre-reduced pellet in electric furnace and carry out melting, temperature 1800 DEG C, 90 minutes per intervals released, and stood
Silicon chromium is obtained after slagging-off.
The main component percentage by weight of the silicon chromium that the present invention produces is: chromium content 33%, silicone content 28%, ferrum
Content 36, remaining be impurity.
Embodiment 6
(1) copper ashes, chromite, petroleum coke are crushed to below 0.1mm, according to copper ashes: chromite: petroleum coke: bentonite
The quality of=100:120:80:3, than mix homogeneously, makes wet bulb group, dries, dry bulb group water content 1.0%；
(2) dry bulb group is put in reduction furnace, reduction furnace temperature 1200 DEG C, 45 minutes time, obtain pre-reduced pellet；
(3) being put into by pre-reduced pellet in electric furnace and carry out melting, temperature 1900 DEG C, 75 minutes per intervals released, and stood
Silicon chromium is obtained after slagging-off.
The main component percentage by weight of the silicon chromium that the present invention produces is: chromium content 31%, silicone content 29%, ferrum
Content 37%, remaining be impurity.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a silicon chromium, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) after copper ashes, chromite powder and carbonaceous reducing agent break process respectively, allocate binding agent mix homogeneously into, mixed
Material；(2) molding of compound pelletizing obtains wet bulb group, dries and obtains dry bulb group；(3) dry pellet roasting obtains pre-reduced pellet；(4)
Pre-reduced pellet melting, obtains silicon chromium.
2. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1) by copper ashes, chromite powder or carbonaceous also
Grain graininess obtained by after former dose of break process controls at below 0.1mm.
3. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: copper ashes, chromite powder, binding agent, carbonaceous reducing agent
According to 100:(80-150): (1-6): the mass ratio of (40-80) mixes.
4. according to the preparation method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: described copper ashes is the tailings of Copper making；Described chromium
Iron Ore Powder is the fine ore that chromite exploitation produces；Described carbonaceous reducing agent is in metallurgical coke, semi-coke, petroleum coke, coal or semicoke
Any one or more than one according to arbitrary proportion composition mixture；Described binding agent is bentonite.
5. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the moisture of the dry pelletizing obtained by step (2)
Content is below 2%.
6. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sintering temperature described in step (3) is 1000-
1400℃。
7. according to the preparation method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: smelting temperature >=1800 DEG C described in step (4).
8. the silicon chromium that the preparation method described in claim 1-7 any one prepares.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610810302.4A CN106319124A (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Preparing method for ferrochrome silicon alloy |
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| CN201610810302.4A CN106319124A (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Preparing method for ferrochrome silicon alloy |
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| CN201610810302.4A Pending CN106319124A (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Preparing method for ferrochrome silicon alloy |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106957984A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of mother liquor of stainless steel |
| CN107385205A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of method and system for producing silicochromium |
| CN107699685A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of production method of silicochromium |
| CN110129558A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-16 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Chromium-bearing sludge prepares the method and ferrochrome of ferrochrome |
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| CN106957984A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of mother liquor of stainless steel |
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| CN107699685A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of production method of silicochromium |
| CN110129558A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-16 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Chromium-bearing sludge prepares the method and ferrochrome of ferrochrome |
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