A method of cationic anthocyanidin is extracted from indigo fruit
Technical field
The invention belongs to Anthocyanin technical fields, and in particular to a kind of side that cationic anthocyanidin is extracted from indigo fruit
Method.
Background technique
Anthocyanidin is the nutritional supplement of pure natural anti-aging, and research is proved to be mankind nowadays and finds most effective antioxygen
Agent, its antioxygenic property are higher by 50 times than vitamin E, are higher by 200 times than vitamin C.Anthocyanidin is otherwise known as " mouth
Clothes cosmetics for skin ", cutaneous immunisation power can be enhanced, cope with various allergic conditions, be that current nature is most effective
Antioxidant.It can not only prevent wrinkle of skin ahead of time generate, can also maintain normal cell linkages, blood vessel stabilization,
Enhance fine vascular circulation, improve the flowing of capilary and vein, and then reaches the rapid healing of abnormal skin.Anthocyanidin simultaneously
It is also natural sunlight overcover, ultraviolet damage skin can be prevented, skin belongs to connective tissue, collagen egg contained therein
White and rigid albumen plays an important role to the total of skin.In addition, anthocyanidin also has enhancing eyesight, elimination eyes tired
Labor delays cranial nerve aging, enhancing cardio-pulmonary function, prevention senile dementia and has treatment to the microangiopathy as caused by diabetes
Effect, moreover it is possible to adjust function of human body and have both the effect for adjusting blood pressure.
Due to the influence of the factors such as commercial synthesis anthocyanidin technology is complicated, at high cost and unstable quality, existing cyanine
Element is also main using extracting from natural plants, and indigo fruit is that a kind of world is rare, pure natural, green, wild
Edible berry, there is potential nutritive value, medical value and commercial value because of its anthocyanidin rich in.It is existing
Anthocyanidin is extracted mainly or based on neutral anthocyanidin (glucosides) from indigo fruit, and during the extraction process using a large amount of organic
The problems such as solvent, acid-base solution processing and high temperature drying etc. operate, and in turn result in solvent contamination and anthocyanidin degradation;In addition due to
Neutral anthocyanidin is degraded in human body, metabolic rate is low, thus human body is low to anthocyanin absorption rate and then neutral anthocyanidin is caused to have
There is lower bioavilability;And cationic anthocyanidin (aglycon) has excellent activity in human body, can eliminate harmful in human body
Free radical is suitble to patient and the intestinal effective absorption of person in middle and old age, can effectively improve the medicinal and health value of anthocyanidin.It is existing
Cationic anthocyanidin extraction process in a kind of extracting method (CN103834702A) and other methods of cation anthocyanidin aglycon
More complex, the time is longer, and extraction efficiency is lower, is unfavorable for effective extraction of cationic anthocyanidin.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the technical problem that existing cationic anthocyanidin extraction process is complicated, the time is long, the present invention provides one
The method that kind extracts cationic anthocyanidin from indigo fruit, extracting method provided by the present invention have extraction time short and extraction effect
The advantages that rate is high, extracting method of the invention are to extract cationic cyanine from indigo fruit and related natural plants containing anthocyan
Element provides new effective way.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A method of cationic anthocyanidin being extracted from indigo fruit, is characterized in that, method includes the following steps:
1) indigo fruit crush and be added in closed hydraulic pressure kettle container, 0- then is added into the closed hydraulic pressure kettle container
3 DEG C of water at low temperature obtain the solidliquid mixture containing indigo fruit;
2) it pressurizeed to solidliquid mixture in step 1) hydraulic pressure kettle container, be ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell
Wall, extracts anthocyanidin, and suction filtration obtains drainage solution;
3) it is pressurizeed to drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, the separation of enzyme water, vacuum
Freeze-drying obtains cationic anthocyanidin finished product.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while recovery rate is improved, low temperature in step 1)
The mass ratio of water and indigo fruit is 0.5~5, and the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled in 0-1 DEG C of range.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while extraction efficiency is improved, surpassed in step 2)
The sonication time is 10min~90min, and the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container is 1-10Mpa.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while extraction efficiency is improved, surpassed in step 3)
Sound enzymolysis time is 0.5h~3h, and the pressure of enzymatic hydrolysis hydraulic pressure kettle container is 0.5-5Mpa.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while extraction efficiency is improved, institute in step 3)
Enzyme is glycoside hydrolase, and hydrolysis temperature is 30 DEG C -50 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value pH is 4-5.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while extraction efficiency is improved, added in step 1)
Enter 1 DEG C of water at low temperature.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while extraction efficiency is improved, surpassed in step 3)
Sound enzymolysis time is 1.5h, and the pressure of enzymatic hydrolysis hydraulic pressure kettle container is 3Mpa.
Further, for effective protection cation anthocyanidin bioactivity, while extraction efficiency is improved, institute in step 3)
Enzyme is glycoside hydrolase, and hydrolysis temperature is 30 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value pH is 4.5.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention provides a kind of new cationic anthocyanidin extracting method, anthocyanidin extracting method is enriched.
2, the present invention utilizes the facilitation of high pressure, ultrasonic wave in breaking-wall cell and enzymolysis process, hence it is evident that improves flower
The extraction time and shortening enzyme digestion reaction time of green element.
3, heating process of the present invention can make part anthocyanidin decomposition failure, and breaking-wall cell extracts in the case of comparing traditional heating
And frost broken wall reheats defreezing method, present invention breaking-wall cell under low-temperature aqueous solution can more effectively protect anthocyanidin biology living
Property.
Below with reference to embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment from indigo fruit extract cationic anthocyanidin method the following steps are included:
Step 1: being crushed to indigo fruit, water at low temperature is added obtaining solidliquid mixture, the quality of water at low temperature and indigo fruit
Than being 1, the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled at 1 DEG C;
Step 2: being pressurizeed to the mixture, being ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell wall, it is molten that suction filtration obtains drainage
Liquid, sonication treatment time 10min, the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container are 5Mpa;
Step 3: being pressurizeed to the drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, enzyme moisture
Cationic anthocyanidin finished product is obtained from, vacuum freeze drying.Wherein pressure is 3Mpa, and enzyme selects glycoside hydrolase, ultrasound enzymatic hydrolysis
Time is 1h, and hydrolysis temperature is 30 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value (pH) is 4.5, and acid value adjusts selection vinegar, vacuum freeze drying
Temperature is -15 DEG C, and vacuum pressure is 5 pas, drying time 3h.By prepared by UV-VIS spectrophotometry measurement discovery
Finished product have maximum absorption band in 270nm and 530nm, it was demonstrated that this finished product is cationic anthocyanidin.
Cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate, which is carried out, using formula calculates (cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate (%)=cation cyanine
Element/anthocyanidin × 100%), cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate is 90% under the conditions of the present embodiment is calculated.Embodiment 2
The present embodiment from indigo fruit extract cationic anthocyanidin method the following steps are included:
Step 1: crushed to indigo fruit, be added and water at low temperature is added obtains solidliquid mixture, water at low temperature and indigo fruit
Mass ratio is 1.5, and the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled at 1 DEG C;
Step 2: being pressurizeed to the mixture, being ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell wall, it is molten that suction filtration obtains drainage
Liquid, sonication treatment time 30min, the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container are 5Mpa;
Step 3: being pressurizeed to the drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, enzyme moisture
Cationic anthocyanidin finished product is obtained from, vacuum freeze drying.Wherein pressure is 3Mpa, and enzyme selects glycoside hydrolase, ultrasound enzymatic hydrolysis
Time is 1.5h, and hydrolysis temperature is 30 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value (pH) is 4.5, and acid value adjusts selection vinegar, and vacuum refrigeration is dry
Dry temperature is -15 DEG C, and vacuum pressure is 5 pas, drying time 3h.It is made by UV-VIS spectrophotometry measurement discovery
Standby finished product has maximum absorption band in 270nm and 530nm, it was demonstrated that this finished product is cationic anthocyanidin.
Cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate, which is carried out, using formula calculates (cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate (%)=cation cyanine
Element/anthocyanidin × 100%), cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate is 91% under the conditions of the present embodiment is calculated.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment from indigo fruit extract cationic anthocyanidin method the following steps are included:
Step 1: being crushed to indigo fruit, water at low temperature is added obtaining solidliquid mixture, the quality of water at low temperature and indigo fruit
Than being 2, the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled at 1 DEG C;
Step 2: being pressurizeed to the mixture, being ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell wall, it is molten that suction filtration obtains drainage
Liquid, sonication treatment time 35min, the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container are 5Mpa;
Step 3: being pressurizeed to the drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, enzyme moisture
Cationic anthocyanidin finished product is obtained from, vacuum freeze drying.Wherein pressure is 3Mpa, and enzyme selects glycoside hydrolase, ultrasound enzymatic hydrolysis
Time is 2h, and hydrolysis temperature is 35 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value (pH) is 4.5, and acid value adjusts selection vinegar, vacuum freeze drying
Temperature is -20 DEG C, and vacuum pressure is 3.5 pas, drying time 3h.It is made by UV-VIS spectrophotometry measurement discovery
Standby finished product has maximum absorption band in 270nm and 530nm, it was demonstrated that this finished product is cationic anthocyanidin.
Cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate, which is carried out, using formula calculates (cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate (%)=cation cyanine
Element/anthocyanidin × 100%), cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate is 92% under the conditions of the present embodiment is calculated.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment from indigo fruit extract cationic anthocyanidin method the following steps are included:
Step 1: being crushed to indigo fruit, water at low temperature is added obtaining solidliquid mixture, the quality of water at low temperature and indigo fruit
Than being 2, the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled at 1 DEG C;
Step 2: being pressurizeed to the mixture, being ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell wall, it is molten that suction filtration obtains drainage
Liquid, sonication treatment time 35min, the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container are 5Mpa;
Step 3: being pressurizeed to the drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, enzyme moisture
Cationic anthocyanidin finished product is obtained from, vacuum freeze drying.Wherein pressure is 3Mpa, and enzyme selects glycoside hydrolase, ultrasound enzymatic hydrolysis
Time is 2.5h, and hydrolysis temperature is 45 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value (pH) is 4.5, and acid value adjusts selection vinegar, and vacuum refrigeration is dry
Dry temperature is -20 DEG C, and vacuum pressure is 3.5 pas, drying time 3h.Discovery institute is measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometry
The finished product of preparation has maximum absorption band in 270nm and 530nm, it was demonstrated that this finished product is cationic anthocyanidin.
Cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate, which is carried out, using formula calculates (cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate (%)=cation cyanine
Element/anthocyanidin × 100%), cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate is 95% under the conditions of the present embodiment is calculated.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment from indigo fruit extract cationic anthocyanidin method the following steps are included:
Step 1: being crushed to indigo fruit, water at low temperature is added obtaining solidliquid mixture, the quality of water at low temperature and indigo fruit
Than being 2.5, the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled at 1 DEG C;
Step 2: being pressurizeed to the mixture, being ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell wall, it is molten that suction filtration obtains drainage
Liquid, sonication treatment time 45min, the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container are 5Mpa;
Step 3: being pressurizeed to the drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, enzyme moisture
Cationic anthocyanidin finished product is obtained from, vacuum freeze drying.Wherein pressure is 3Mpa, and enzyme selects glycoside hydrolase, ultrasound enzymatic hydrolysis
Time is 2h, and hydrolysis temperature is 40 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value (pH) is 4, and acid value adjusts selection vinegar, vacuum freeze drying temperature
Degree is -30 DEG C, and vacuum pressure is 3 pas, drying time 5h.Prepared by UV-VIS spectrophotometry measurement discovery
Finished product has maximum absorption band in 270nm and 530nm, it was demonstrated that this finished product is cationic anthocyanidin.
Cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate, which is carried out, using formula calculates (cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate (%)=cation cyanine
Element/anthocyanidin × 100%), cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate is 97% under the conditions of the present embodiment is calculated.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment from indigo fruit extract cationic anthocyanidin method the following steps are included:
Step 1: being crushed to indigo fruit, water at low temperature is added obtaining solidliquid mixture, the quality of water at low temperature and indigo fruit
Than being 2.5, the water temperature of water at low temperature is controlled at 1 DEG C;
Step 2: being pressurizeed to the mixture, being ultrasonically treated and abolish indigo fruit plant cell wall, it is molten that suction filtration obtains drainage
Liquid, sonication treatment time 45min, the pressure of hydraulic pressure kettle container are 5Mpa;
Step 3: being pressurizeed to the drainage solution, the enzyme digestion reaction under ultrasound obtains cationic anthocyanidin, enzyme moisture
Cationic anthocyanidin finished product is obtained from, vacuum freeze drying.Wherein pressure is 3Mpa, and enzyme selects glycoside hydrolase, ultrasound enzymatic hydrolysis
Time is 2h, and hydrolysis temperature is 50 DEG C, and enzymatic hydrolysis solution acid value (pH) is 5, and acid value adjusts selection vinegar, vacuum freeze drying temperature
Degree is -20 DEG C, and vacuum pressure is 3 pas, drying time 2h.Prepared by UV-VIS spectrophotometry measurement discovery
Finished product has maximum absorption band in 270nm and 530nm, it was demonstrated that this finished product is cationic anthocyanidin.
Cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate, which is carried out, using formula calculates (cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate (%)=cation cyanine
Element/anthocyanidin × 100%), cationic anthocyanidin recovery rate is 93% under the conditions of the present embodiment is calculated.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention in any way.It is all according to invention skill
Art any simple modification, change and equivalence change substantially to the above embodiments, still fall within technical solution of the present invention
Protection scope in.