CN110122006B - Dry land seedling transplanting device and method - Google Patents
Dry land seedling transplanting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122006B CN110122006B CN201910506425.2A CN201910506425A CN110122006B CN 110122006 B CN110122006 B CN 110122006B CN 201910506425 A CN201910506425 A CN 201910506425A CN 110122006 B CN110122006 B CN 110122006B
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- side plate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/04—Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting
Abstract
The invention relates to a dry land seedling transplanting device and a method, wherein a walking mechanism is arranged below a chassis in the device, and a driving device transmits power through a transmission mechanism; the top point of the hollow conical head in the planing and inserting mechanism is divided into a plurality of arc plates capable of being opened and closed along the direction of a bus, the upper ends of the arc plates are hinged with the lower end of the barrel, and the hollow conical head is communicated with the barrel; the seedling carrying basket is positioned above the barrel, the notch of the seedling carrying basket is positioned right above the opening of the barrel and is used for placing the roots of seedlings, and the power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the planing and inserting combining head and the deflector rod to reciprocate up and down; in the method, a driving device transmits power to a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism drives a hollow conical head to move downwards to complete pit digging action and drives a deflector rod to move downwards, and seedlings fall into a digging and inserting combined head from a seedling carrying basket; the arc-shaped plates open seedlings to fall into the pits, and the arc-shaped plates close soil in the arc-shaped plates to be returned to the pits; and repeating the operation to continuously transplant the seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a dry land seedling transplanting device and method.
Background
With the development of times, the agricultural production, especially the development of the planting industry, is more and more closely fused with the mechanical manufacturing industry, and the machine-assisted farmer has stronger and stronger tendency of high-efficiency production. China has broad width of farmers and wide cultivated land area, occupies a large part of the cultivated land area, but in most areas, the work of planting vegetable seedlings is mostly manually operated by planting personnel. The manual planting efficiency of the planting personnel is low, the planting depth is unstable, the planting distance is not uniform, and strain is caused on the waist and the health is damaged because the planting personnel bends for a long time.
For this reason, the prior art has solved the above problems by using dry-land seedling transplanting devices. The Chinese patent with the patent publication number of CN108370693A and the publication date of 2018.08.07, which is named as a device convenient for transplanting seedlings for agriculture, designs a solution for manually transplanting the seedlings; specifically this equipment includes straight section of thick bamboo, No. two lantern rings and sector plate, straight section of thick bamboo top is equipped with puts in the mouth, straight section of thick bamboo one side fixed connection supports the handle, straight section of thick bamboo opposite side is equipped with carries the handle, carry handle one end and be equipped with the slider, and slider sliding connection is inside the spout on straight section of thick bamboo surface, straight section of thick bamboo surface is equipped with No. two lantern rings, straight section of thick bamboo bottom is equipped with No. two connecting pieces, sector plate surface is equipped with the connecting piece No. one, a connecting piece rotates with No. two connecting pieces to be connected, connecting piece one end is through No. two pull rods and No. two lantern ring fixed connection, but this scheme needs the people to carry out the auxiliary operation, automatic effect is not reached completely.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dry land seedling transplanting device and method, which have the advantages of simple and compact structure, high automation, good stability, capability of automatically completing pit digging, feeding, seedling transplanting and soil covering operations, uniform seedling transplanting distance and stable seedling transplanting depth, effectively improves the production efficiency and reduces the labor intensity.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dry land seedling transplanting device comprises a traveling mechanism, a chassis, a driving device, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a planning and inserting mechanism;
a traveling mechanism is arranged below the chassis, the driving device is fixed on the chassis, the output end of the driving device is connected with the power input end of the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism is provided with a first power output end and a second power output end, and the driving device transmits power to the two power output ends of the transmission mechanism through the power input end of the transmission mechanism;
the planing, inserting and covering mechanism comprises a first connecting rod and a planing, inserting and covering combined head, the planing, inserting and covering combined head comprises a barrel and a hollow conical head, the vertex of the hollow conical head is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped plates capable of being opened and closed along the direction of a generating line, the upper ends of the arc-shaped plates are hinged with the lower end of the barrel, the hollow conical head is communicated with the barrel, a first power output end of a transmission mechanism is hinged with the outer wall of the barrel, one end of the first connecting rod is fixed with the outer wall of the barrel, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged on a chassis, and the first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the planing, inserting and covering combined head to reciprocate up and down;
feeding mechanism include the driving lever, carry seedling basket and crank rocker mechanism, carry the seedling basket to fix in the top on chassis, carry the seedling basket to be located the top of a section of thick bamboo, carry the seedling basket to be provided with the breach with external intercommunication, the breach is located a section of thick bamboo opening part directly over, the breach is used for placing the root of seedling, drive mechanism's second power output end passes through crank rocker mechanism fixedly connected with driving lever, the driving lever is reciprocating motion from top to bottom under drive mechanism's second power output end's drive, the driving lever is used for shifting down the root of seedling from the breach.
Preferably, the planing and inserting combination head further comprises a lantern ring, a foot support, a compression spring, a pull rod, a first connecting piece and a foot support, the straight cylinder is a cylinder, the top of the straight cylinder is fixedly connected with the foot support, at least three hollow cylinders are fixed at the lower end of the foot support, the hollow cylinders are arranged on the outer side of the straight cylinder and are perpendicular to the lower end face of the foot support, the foot support is inserted in the hollow cylinders, the compression spring is arranged between the foot support and the foot support, the lantern ring is arranged between the straight cylinder and the foot support along the radial direction, a gap is reserved between the inner side of the lantern ring and the outer wall of the straight cylinder, the outer side of the lantern ring is welded and fixed with the foot support, the hollow conical head is arranged below the tail end of the foot support, a first connecting piece arranged in a crank arm manner is hinged to the joint of the outer side of the arc-shaped plate and the straight cylinder, one end of the pull rod is hinged to one end of the first connecting piece, the other end of the first connecting piece is connected with the corresponding arc-shaped plate, the other end of the pull rod is hinged to the outer wall of the lantern ring, and the pull rod, the first connecting piece and the arc-shaped plates are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Further, the heel brace include heel brace and lower heel brace, the lower extreme of going up the heel brace is equipped with the internal thread hole, lower heel brace upper end is equipped with the external screw thread, go up the heel brace and pass through threaded connection with lower heel brace, compression spring places between last heel brace and heel brace support, the lantern ring is along radially setting up between straight section of thick bamboo and last heel brace, the outside and the fixed setting of last heel brace of the lantern ring, the hollow cone head is less than the terminal setting of heel brace down.
Preferably, when the first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the planing and masking joint to move to the highest point of the planing and masking joint track, the second power output end drives the shifting lever to move to the lowest point of the shifting lever track.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a first synchronous belt pulley, a second synchronous belt pulley, a synchronous belt, a first synchronous belt pulley shaft, a second synchronous belt pulley shaft, a first side plate and a second side plate, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are vertically fixed on the upper surface of the chassis, the first side plate and the second side plate are arranged in parallel, the output end of the driving device is connected with the first synchronous belt pulley shaft, the first synchronous belt pulley shaft and the second synchronous belt pulley shaft are rotationally arranged in the first side plate and the second side plate through shaft holes in the first side plate and the second side plate, the first synchronous belt pulley shaft and the second synchronous belt pulley shaft are vertically arranged on two sides of the first side plate and the second side plate, the first synchronous belt pulley is fixedly connected to the first synchronous belt pulley shaft, the second synchronous belt pulley is fixedly connected to the second synchronous belt pulley shaft, and the synchronous belt is sleeved on the first synchronous belt pulley and the second synchronous belt pulley.
Furthermore, dig insert and cover mechanism still include No. two connecting pieces, crank and rocker, the one end of crank and the one end of second synchronous pulley axle articulate the setting, the other end of crank and the one end of rocker articulate the setting, be fixed with No. two connecting pieces on the outer wall of a section of thick bamboo, the other end of rocker articulates the setting with No. two connecting pieces.
Further, the crank rocker mechanism comprises a rotary disc, a second rocker, a second connecting rod and a vertical bearing, the rotary disc is fixed to the other end of the second synchronous belt wheel shaft, one end of the second rocker is hinged to the rotary disc, the other end of the second rocker is hinged to one end of the second connecting rod, and the other end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with the shifting rod through the vertical bearing fixed to the first side plate.
Further, the crank rocker mechanism further comprises a bearing support, the bearing support is fixed in the first side plate, and the vertical bearing is fixed in the bearing support.
Furthermore, the driving device comprises a first motor, a coupler and a power supply, the first motor is fixed on one side of the first side plate, an output shaft of the first motor is connected with one end of the first synchronous belt wheel shaft through the coupler, and the power supply is connected with the first motor.
A dry land seedling transplanting method, which is based on any one of the dry land seedling transplanting devices, and comprises the following steps,
a first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the hollow conical head to move downwards through the barrel and the first connecting rod, and the hollow conical head finishes pit digging action;
a second power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the deflector rod to move downwards through the crank rocker mechanism, the deflector rod pulls the roots of the seedlings placed at the gap of the seedling carrying basket down, and the seedlings fall into the planning and inserting combined head from the seedling carrying basket;
and 4, repeating the steps 1 to 3, and continuously transplanting the seedlings.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the dry land seedling transplanting device, the travelling mechanism arranged below the chassis can enable the whole device to move, and the output end of the driving device is connected with the power input end of the transmission mechanism and can provide power for the transmission mechanism; the first power output end of the transmission mechanism is hinged with the outer wall of the barrel, one end of a first connecting rod is fixed with the outer wall of the barrel, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged on the chassis, kinetic energy can be transmitted to the planing, inserting and covering combined head, and the planing, inserting and covering combined head can have a fixed motion track by combining the first connecting rod to move up and down; the seedling carrying basket is fixed above the barrel, so that the notch of the seedling carrying basket can be positioned right above the opening of the barrel, the root of the seedling is placed at the notch, and the second power output end of the transmission mechanism can enable the deflector rod to pull the root of the seedling down from the notch; the hollow conical head can complete the pit digging function, when the arc-shaped plate is opened, the roots of the seedlings fall into the pit, and when the arc-shaped plate is closed, the soil in the arc-shaped plate is returned to the pit, so that the pit digging, feeding, seedling inserting and soil covering operations are completed; the transplanting of the seedlings can be automatically carried out, the manual transplanting of the seedlings by workers is avoided, and the labor intensity is reduced; because running gear can keep speed stable and faster, so insert even unanimous the interval of seedling, improved work efficiency.
Further, go up the heel brace and pass through threaded connection with lower heel brace, can make the position of heel brace bottom relative to the arc bottom change down through rotatory heel brace down, and then can change the pit depth of digging as required, can guarantee that the pit depth of digging is stable unanimous.
Furthermore, when the first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the planing and planing combination head to move to the highest point of the planing and planing combination head track, the second power output end drives the shifting rod to move to the lowest point of the shifting rod track, so that the feeding time can be saved, and the working efficiency of the device is improved.
According to the transplanting method, the walking mechanism drives the device to move, so that the hollow conical head is placed at a position to be transplanted, and pit digging preparation is completed; after the driving device is started, the driving device can transmit power to a first power output end and a second power output end of the transmission mechanism, the first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the hollow conical head to move downwards through the barrel and the first connecting rod, the hollow conical head can dig a pit on the ground, meanwhile, the second power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the shifting lever to move downwards through the crank rocker mechanism, the shifting lever can shift the roots of seedlings placed at the gap of the seedling carrying basket, and the seedlings fall into the digging and inserting combined head from the seedling carrying basket; when the arc-shaped plates are opened, the seedlings can fall into the planed pits, then the arc-shaped plates are closed, the arc-shaped plates send soil back into the pits, the operation is repeated, the seedlings are continuously transplanted, and the seedling transplanting work is completed; the transplanting method of the invention can lead the dry land seedling transplanting device to automatically transplant the seedlings, thereby avoiding the manual transplanting of the seedlings by the labor personnel and reducing the labor intensity; because running gear can keep speed stable and faster, so insert even unanimous the interval of seedling, improved work efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1 with the crawler type traveling mechanism removed.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of fig. 1 with the crawler type traveling mechanism removed.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the traveling mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the tensioning structure of the traveling mechanism.
Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a planing-masking bonding head.
In the figure: the device comprises a travelling mechanism 1, a chassis 2, a chain plate 3, a first motor 4, a driving sprocket 5, a chain 6, a rear bearing seat 7, a wheel shaft 8, a U-shaped groove 9, a wheel hub 10, a jackscrew 11, a connecting shaft 12, a second motor 13, a motor support 14, a coupler 15, a lead 16, a power supply 17, a first synchronous pulley 18, a second synchronous pulley 19, a synchronous belt 20, a first synchronous pulley shaft 21, a second synchronous pulley shaft 22, a first side plate 23, a second side plate 24, a crank 25, a first rocker 26, a first connecting rod 27, a deflector rod 28, a seedling carrying basket 29, a rotary disc 30, a second rocker 31, a second connecting rod 32, a vertical bearing 33, a bearing support 34, a cylinder 35, a lantern ring 36, a foot support 37, an upper foot support 38, a lower foot support 39, a compression spring 40, a pull rod 41, an arc-shaped plate 42, a first connecting piece 43, a second connecting piece 44, a third connecting piece 45 and a driven sprocket 46.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The invention relates to a dry land seedling transplanting device, which comprises a travelling mechanism 1, a chassis 2, a driving device, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a planning, inserting and covering mechanism, as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3;
a travelling mechanism 1 is arranged below the chassis 2, the driving device is fixed on the chassis 2, the output end of the driving device is connected with the power input end of the transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism is provided with a first power output end and a second power output end, and the driving device transmits power to the two power output ends of the transmission mechanism through the power input end of the transmission mechanism;
the planing, inserting and covering mechanism comprises a first connecting rod 27 and a planing, inserting and covering combined head, the planing, inserting and covering combined head comprises a barrel 35 and a hollow conical head, the vertex of the hollow conical head is divided into a plurality of arc-shaped plates 42 capable of being opened and closed along the direction of a bus, the upper ends of the arc-shaped plates 42 are fixedly hinged with the lower end of the barrel 35, the hollow conical head is communicated with the barrel 35, a first power output end of a transmission mechanism is hinged with the outer wall of the barrel 35, one end of the first connecting rod 27 is fixed with the outer wall of the barrel 35, the other end of the first connecting rod 27 is hinged on the chassis 2, a third connecting piece 45 is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel 35, one end of the first connecting rod 27 is fixed with the outer wall of the barrel 35 through the third connecting piece 45, and a first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the planing, inserting and covering combined head to reciprocate up and down;
feeding mechanism include driving lever 28, carry seedling basket 29 and crank rocker mechanism, carry seedling basket 29 and fix on chassis 2, carry seedling basket 29 and be located a section of thick bamboo 35's top, carry seedling basket 29 and be provided with the breach with external intercommunication, the breach is located a 35 opening part directly over, the breach is used for placing the root of seedling, drive mechanism's second power take off end passes through crank rocker mechanism fixedly connected with driving lever 28, driving lever 28 is reciprocating motion from top to bottom under drive mechanism's second power take off end's drive, driving lever 28 is used for shifting down the root of seedling from the breach.
In a preferred scheme, the driving device comprises a first motor 4, a motor support 14, a coupler 15, a lead 16 and a power supply 17, the first motor 4 is a speed reducing motor, the motor support 14 is fixedly connected to the chassis 2, the speed reducing motor is fixed to one side of the first side plate 23 and is fixedly connected with the motor support 14, an output shaft of the speed reducing motor is fixedly connected with the coupler 15, and the speed reducing motor with double output shafts are connected with the power supply 17 through the lead 16.
Specifically, the travelling mechanism 1 is a crawler-type travelling mechanism, the mechanism is a straight travelling mechanism, and comprises a chain plate 3, a second motor 13, a driving chain wheel 5, a driven chain wheel 46, a chain 6, a rear bearing seat 7, a wheel shaft 8, a U-shaped groove 9, a wheel hub 10, a jackscrew 11 and a connecting shaft 12, wherein the second motor 13 is a double-output-shaft speed reduction motor; as shown in fig. 4, a dual-output-shaft gear motor is fixed in one end of a hub 10, output shafts at two ends of the dual-output-shaft gear motor extend out of two sides of the hub 10 and then are fixedly connected with two driving sprockets 5, a wheel shaft 8 is rotatably arranged at the other end of the hub 10, two ends of the wheel shaft 8 extend out of two sides of the hub 10 and then are fixedly connected with two driven sprockets 46, a chain 6 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 5 and the driven sprocket 46 which are located on the same side, and a chain plate 3 is fixed on the chain 6; further, the link plates 3 are perpendicular to the tangential direction of the chain 6, a plurality of link plates 3 form a roller-shaped structure, the link plates 3 are quarter-shaped structures of circular plates, the chain 6 is sequentially arranged through each link plate 3 on the link plates, and four link plates 3 form a circular plate structure.
When in connection, a notch is arranged at the corner of the right angle position of each chain plate 3, the chains 6 sequentially pass through the notches of the chain plates 3, the chain plates 3 on the two chains 6 are symmetrically distributed, and the two symmetrical chain plates 3 form a half circular plate structure. The double-output-shaft speed reducing motor operates to drive the two driving chain wheels 5 to rotate simultaneously, further drives the two chains 6 to operate, and drives the two driven chain wheels 46 to rotate, so that the straight movement is realized; the speed reducing motor with double output shafts meets the dynamic balance of speed output, and is relatively stable and has relatively small friction resistance in the advancing process.
In order to avoid the phenomenon of jamming in the process of traveling, a tensioning device matched with the chain 6 is arranged inside the hub 10, as shown in fig. 5, namely, a U-shaped groove 9 is coaxially arranged outside one end of the hub 10, the U-shaped groove 9 is located between the hub 10 and the driven chain wheels 46, a jackscrew 11 is arranged at the end part of the U-shaped groove 9, the U-shaped groove 9 can move relative to the hub 10 along the axis direction of the U-shaped groove, two ends of the wheel shaft 8 respectively extend out of two sides of the U-shaped groove 9 and are respectively connected with the two driven chain wheels 46, the jackscrew 11 is arranged at the end part of the U-shaped groove 9, and the U-shaped groove 9 moves relative to the hub 10 along the axis of the hub by adjusting the jackscrew 11, so that the purpose of tensioning the chain 6 is achieved.
In order to reduce the friction force of the wheel shaft 8 in the rotating process, two side walls inside the U-shaped groove 9 are respectively provided with a rear bearing seat 7, the wheel shaft 8 penetrates through the two rear bearing seats 7, the two rear bearing seats 7 are respectively installed on the inner sides of the wheel hub 10, the rear bearing seats 7 are provided with bearings, the rear bearing seats 7 are installed on the U-shaped groove 9 through screws, two ends of the wheel hub 10 are respectively provided with a connecting shaft 12, one end of each connecting shaft 12 extends out of the traveling mechanism 1 and is respectively connected with a double-output-shaft speed reduction motor and the chassis 2.
As shown in fig. 6, the planing and inserting combination head further comprises a lantern ring 36, a foot support 37, a compression spring 40, a pull rod 41, a first connecting piece 43 and a foot support, the cylinder 35 is a straight cylinder, the top of the straight cylinder is fixedly connected with the foot support 37, at least three hollow cylinders are fixed at the lower end of the foot support 37, the hollow cylinders are arranged at the outer side of the straight cylinder and are perpendicular to the lower end face of the foot support 37, the foot support is inserted into the hollow cylinders, the compression spring 40 is arranged between the foot support and the foot support 37, the lantern ring 36 is arranged between the straight cylinder and the foot support along the radial direction, a gap is reserved between the inner side of the lantern ring 36 and the outer wall of the straight cylinder, the outer side of the lantern ring 36 is welded and fixed with the foot support, the hollow conical head is arranged lower than the tail end of the foot support, the first connecting piece 43 arranged in a corner arm manner is hinged at the joint of the outer side of the arc-shaped plate 42 and the straight cylinder, one end of the pull rod 41 is hinged at one end of the first connecting piece 43, the other end of the first connecting piece 43 is connected with the corresponding arc-shaped plate 42, the other end of the pull rod 41 is hinged on the outer wall of the lantern ring 36, and the pull rod 41, the first connecting piece 43 and the arc-shaped plate 42 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The collar 36 can move up and down along the surface of the cylinder, when the collar 36 moves up, it drives the pull rod 41 to open the arc plate 42 through the first connecting piece 43, and when the collar 36 moves down, it drives the pull rod 41 to close the arc plate 42 through the first connecting piece 43.
The foot support comprises an upper foot support 38 and a lower foot support 39, the lower end of the upper foot support 38 is provided with an internal threaded hole, the upper end of the lower foot support 39 is provided with an external thread, the upper foot support 38 is in threaded connection with the lower foot support 39, a compression spring 40 is placed between the upper foot support 38 and the foot support 37, a lantern ring 36 is radially arranged between the straight cylinder and the upper foot support 38, the outer side of the lantern ring 36 is fixedly arranged with the upper foot support 38, and the hollow conical head is lower than the tail end of the lower foot support 39. The length of the thread matching part can be changed by rotating the lower foot support 39, so that the vertical distance between the bottom of the lower foot support 39 and the bottom of the arc-shaped plate 42 is changed, and the depth of the digging pit can be changed. It should be noted that the three foot supports need to be of uniform length to ensure simultaneous contact with the ground.
The transmission mechanism comprises a first synchronous pulley 18, a second synchronous pulley 19, a synchronous belt 20, a first synchronous pulley shaft 21, a second synchronous pulley shaft 22, a first side plate 23 and a second side plate 24; the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24 are both vertically fixed on the upper surface of the chassis 2, the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24 are arranged in parallel, the output end of the driving device is connected with a first synchronous belt pulley shaft 21, the first synchronous belt pulley shaft 21 and the second synchronous belt pulley shaft 22 are both rotatably arranged in the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24 through shaft holes in the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24, the first synchronous belt pulley shaft 21 and the second synchronous belt pulley shaft 22 are both perpendicular to the two sides of the first side plate 23 and the second side plate 24, the first synchronous belt pulley 18 is fixedly connected onto the first synchronous belt pulley shaft 21, the second synchronous belt pulley 19 is fixedly connected onto the second synchronous belt pulley shaft 22, and the synchronous belt 20 is sleeved on the first synchronous belt pulley 18 and the second synchronous belt pulley 19.
The planing, inserting and covering mechanism further comprises a second connecting piece 44, a crank 25 and a first rocking rod 26, one end of the crank 25 is hinged to one end of the second synchronous pulley shaft 22, the other end of the crank 25 is hinged to one end of the first rocking rod 26, the second connecting piece 44 is fixed to the outer wall of the barrel 35, and the other end of the first rocking rod 26 is hinged to the second connecting piece 44.
The crank rocker mechanism comprises a turntable 30, a second rocker 31, a second connecting rod 32 and a vertical bearing 33, the turntable 30 is fixed at the other end of the second synchronous pulley shaft 22, one end of the second rocker 31 is hinged in the turntable 30, the other end of the second rocker 31 is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod 32, and the other end of the second connecting rod 32 is fixedly connected with the shift lever 28 through the vertical bearing 33 fixed on the first side plate 23; the crank-rocker mechanism further comprises a bearing support 34, the bearing support 34 being fixed in the first side plate 23, the upright bearing 33 being fixed in the bearing support 34. When the seedlings are placed, the roots of the seedlings are placed at the notches of the seedling carrying basket 29, and when the seedlings are pulled down by the deflector rod 28, the seedlings can be changed from a horizontal state to a vertical state with the roots facing downwards and fall into the straight drum. When the planning and inserting mask combining head moves from bottom to top, the deflector rod 28 can move the seedling from top to bottom; when the planing mask binding head moves from top to bottom to complete the function, the deflector rod 28 completes the return from bottom to top. The transmission mechanism transmits a part of power to the turntable 30 through the second synchronous pulley shaft 22 to drive the turntable 30 to rotate around the second synchronous pulley shaft 22, the turntable 30 rotates to drive the second rocker 31 to move, the other end of the second rocker 31 is rotatably connected with the second connecting rod 32, and the second connecting rod 32 drives the deflector rod 28 to reciprocate up and down.
The invention relates to a dry land seedling transplanting device, which comprises a group of seedling transplanting units consisting of a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a planning and inserting mechanism, wherein two groups of seedling transplanting units are arranged on a chassis 2 totally, and a power supply 17 is connected with the two groups of seedling transplanting units through a lead 16.
The transplanting method of the dry land seedling transplanting device comprises the following steps,
controlling a crawler-type travelling mechanism to drive the device to move so as to enable the hollow conical head to be arranged at a position to be transplanted;
when the seedlings are transplanted, the two double-output-shaft speed reducing motors in the crawler-type travelling mechanism control the travelling direction of the mechanism, and when the two double-output-shaft speed reducing motors rotate forwards simultaneously, the crawler-type travelling mechanism moves forwards at a constant speed; when the double-output-shaft speed reducing motor on one side rotates forwards and the double-output-shaft speed reducing motor on the other side rotates backwards, the crawler-type travelling mechanism turns towards one side of the motor which rotates backwards, and therefore the control of pivot steering of the crawler-type travelling mechanism is achieved; when the double-output-shaft speed reducing motor on one side stops working and the double-output-shaft speed reducing motor on the other side rotates forwards, the crawler-type travelling mechanism turns towards one side of the stopped motor, so that left-right steering control of the crawler-type travelling mechanism in travelling is realized;
the speed reducing motor is the input power of the transmission mechanism, the digging and inserting and covering mechanism and the feeding mechanism are driven to move through the second synchronous belt wheel shaft 22, when the driving lever 28 of the feeding mechanism pulls the seedlings down, the digging and inserting and covering mechanism is conveyed to the top of the whole movement track, and the seedlings fall into the digging and inserting and covering combined head; when the second synchronous pulley shaft 22 drives the planning, inserting and covering combined head to move downwards, the closed arc-shaped plate 42 firstly contacts the ground to plane a conical pit to complete the pit planning function, after the planning, inserting and covering combined head moves downwards for a certain distance, the lower foot support 39 contacts the ground, the upper foot support 38 extrudes the compression spring 40 in the hollow cylinder under the action of the counter force given by the lower foot support 39 and drives the lantern ring 36 to move upwards relative to the straight cylinder to open the arc-shaped plate 42, so that seedlings fall into the planned conical pit to complete the seedling transplanting function; then the digging and inserting combination head moves upwards, the lower foot support 39 leaves the ground, the compression spring 40 in the hollow cylinder resets to enable the lantern ring 36 to move downwards relative to the straight cylinder, the arc-shaped plate 42 is further closed, the pushed soil buries the roots of the seedlings, and therefore the functions of digging pits, inserting the seedlings and covering the soil are completed, and one-time transplanting is completed;
and 3, continuously moving the crawler-type travelling mechanism, driving the feeding mechanism and the planning and inserting combined head to circularly move by the driving device through the transmission mechanism, and completing the transplanting work of the seedlings.
The up-and-down reciprocating motion of the planning, transplanting and covering combined head is realized through the crank 25 and the rocker 26, the property that the swinging speed of the rocker 26 is higher than the swinging speed is called as the quick-return characteristic, the seedling transplanting device can greatly improve the efficiency of seedling transplanting operation by utilizing the quick-return characteristic of the crank rocker mechanism, and the time spent in the non-operation stage is reduced.
The parts of the present invention not described in detail belong to the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications within the scope not departing from the technical idea of the present invention by the above explanation, which is within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A dry land seedling transplanting device is characterized by comprising a traveling mechanism (1), a chassis (2), a driving device, a transmission mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a planning and inserting mechanism;
the chassis is characterized in that a walking mechanism (1) is arranged below the chassis (2), a transmission mechanism comprises a first synchronous belt wheel (18), a second synchronous belt wheel (19), a synchronous belt (20), a first synchronous belt wheel shaft (21), a second synchronous belt wheel shaft (22), a first side plate (23) and a second side plate (24), the first side plate (23) and the second side plate (24) are perpendicularly fixed on the upper surface of the chassis (2), the first side plate (23) and the second side plate (24) are arranged in parallel, a driving device comprises a first motor (4), a coupler (15) and a power source (17), the first motor (4) is fixed on one side of the first side plate (23), an output shaft of the first motor (4) is connected with one end of the first synchronous belt wheel shaft (21) through the coupler (15), the power source (17) is connected with the first motor (4), the first synchronous belt wheel shaft (21) and the second synchronous belt wheel shaft (22) are arranged in a rotating mode through shaft holes in the first side plate (23) and the second side plate (24) The belt conveyor is arranged in a first side plate (23) and a second side plate (24), a first synchronous pulley shaft (21) and a second synchronous pulley shaft (22) are arranged perpendicular to the two sides of the first side plate (23) and the second side plate (24), the first synchronous pulley shaft (21) is fixedly connected with a first synchronous pulley (18), the second synchronous pulley shaft (22) is fixedly connected with a second synchronous pulley (19), and a synchronous belt (20) is sleeved on the first synchronous pulley (18) and the second synchronous pulley (19);
the planing, inserting and covering mechanism comprises a first connecting rod (27), a second connecting piece (44), a crank (25), a first rocker (26) and a planing, inserting and covering combined head, one end of the crank (25) is hinged with one end of a second synchronous pulley shaft (22), the other end of the crank (25) is hinged with one end of the first rocker (26), the second connecting piece (44) is fixed on the outer wall of the barrel (35), the other end of the first rocker (26) is hinged with the second connecting piece (44), the planing, inserting and covering combined head comprises a lantern ring (36), a foot support seat (37), a compression spring (40), a pull rod (41), a first connecting piece (43), an upper foot support (38), a lower foot support (39), the barrel (35) and a hollow conical head, the barrel (35) is a straight barrel, a plurality of arc-shaped plates (42) capable of opening and closing are divided at the vertex of the hollow conical head along the direction of a bus, the upper ends of the arc-shaped plates (42) are hinged with the lower end of the barrel (35), the hollow conical head is communicated with the cylinder (35), one end of a first connecting rod (27) is fixed with the outer wall of the cylinder (35), the other end of the first connecting rod (27) is hinged on the chassis (2), the top of the straight cylinder is fixedly connected with a foot support seat (37), the lower end of the foot support seat (37) is fixedly provided with at least three hollow cylinders, the hollow cylinders are arranged on the outer side of the straight cylinder and are vertical to the lower end surface of the foot support seat (37), an upper foot support (38) is arranged in the hollow cylinders, the lower end of the upper foot support (38) is provided with an internal threaded hole, the upper end of a lower foot support (39) is provided with external threads, the upper foot support (38) is connected with the lower foot support (39) through threads, a compression spring (40) is arranged between the upper foot support (38) and the foot support seat (37), a lantern ring (36) is arranged between the straight cylinder and the upper foot support (38) along the radial direction, and the inner side of the lantern ring (36) is provided with a gap with the outer wall of the straight cylinder, the outer side of the lantern ring (36) is fixedly arranged with the upper foot support (38), the hollow conical head is lower than the tail end of the lower foot support (39), a first connecting piece (43) which is arranged in a crank arm manner is hinged to the joint of the outer side of the arc-shaped plate (42) and the straight cylinder, one end of the pull rod (41) is hinged to one end of the first connecting piece (43), the other end of the first connecting piece (43) is connected with the corresponding arc-shaped plate (42), the other end of the pull rod (41) is hinged to the outer wall of the lantern ring (36), the pull rod (41), the first connecting piece (43) and the arc-shaped plate (42) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the second synchronous belt wheel shaft (22) drives the planing-inserting-covering joint to reciprocate up and down;
the feeding mechanism comprises a shifting rod (28), a seedling carrying basket (29), a turntable (30), a second rocker (31), a second connecting rod (32) and a vertical bearing (33), the seedling carrying basket (29) is fixed above the chassis (2), the seedling carrying basket (29) is positioned above the drum (35), the seedling carrying basket (29) is provided with a notch communicated with the outside, the notch is positioned right above the opening of the drum (35) and used for placing roots of seedlings, the turntable (30) is fixed at the other end of the second synchronous belt wheel shaft (22), one end of the second rocker (31) is hinged in the turntable (30), the other end of the second rocker (31) is hinged with one end of the second connecting rod (32), the other end of the second connecting rod (32) is fixedly connected with the shifting rod (28) through the vertical bearing (33) fixed on the first side plate (23), the shifting rod (28) is driven by the second connecting rod (32) to reciprocate up and down, the deflector rod (28) is used for pulling the roots of the seedlings down from the gap;
the hub is characterized by further comprising a U-shaped groove (9) coaxially arranged outside one end of the hub (10), the U-shaped groove (9) is located between the hub (10) and the driven chain wheel (46), a jackscrew (11) is arranged at the end of the U-shaped groove (9), and the U-shaped groove (9) can move relative to the hub (10) along the axis direction of the hub.
2. The dry land seedling transplanting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the planning and inserting mask joint to move to the highest point of the trajectory of the planning and inserting mask joint, the second power output end drives the shifting lever (28) to move to the lowest point of the trajectory of the shifting lever (28).
3. The dry land seedling transplanting device as recited in claim 1, wherein the crank and rocker mechanism further comprises a bearing support (34), the bearing support (34) is fixed in the first side plate (23), and the vertical bearing (33) is fixed in the bearing support (34).
4. A dry land seedling transplanting method, characterized in that the dry land seedling transplanting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprises the steps of,
step 1, a walking mechanism (1) drives a dry land seedling transplanting device to move, so that a hollow conical head is placed at a position to be transplanted;
step 2, starting a driving device, wherein the driving device transmits power to a first power output end and a second power output end of the transmission mechanism;
a first power output end of the transmission mechanism drives the hollow conical head to move downwards through the barrel (35) and the first connecting rod (27), and the hollow conical head finishes pit digging action;
a second power output end of the transmission mechanism drives a deflector rod (28) to move downwards through a crank rocker mechanism, the deflector rod (28) pulls the roots of the seedlings placed at the gap of the seedling carrying basket (29), and the seedlings fall into the planning and inserting combined head from the seedling carrying basket (29);
step 3, opening the arc-shaped plate (42), dropping the seedlings into the dug pits in the step 2, closing the arc-shaped plate (42), and returning soil in the arc-shaped plate (42) to the dug pits in the step 2;
and 4, repeating the steps 1 to 3, and continuously transplanting the seedlings.
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| CN111771664A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-16 | 刘誉 | Automatic planting vehicle for planting nursery stocks of traditional Chinese medicinal materials |
| CN112655391A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Reciprocating type sweet potato seedling transplanting machine |
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| CN108076757A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-05-29 | 李志� | New clip type rice seedling transplanter |
| CN108370693A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-07 | 佛山市翔桂农机科技有限公司 | It is a kind of agriculture with convenient for transplanting seedlings equipment |
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| CN103999616B (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-23 | 湖南农业大学 | The Song Miao mechanism of seedling dish pressure-bearing type Automatic Transplanter |
| CN204762087U (en) * | 2015-06-20 | 2015-11-18 | 石河子大学 | Full -automatic shop membrane earthing transplanter |
| CN108307750A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-07-24 | 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所 | A kind of perpendicular kind of planting unit of sugarcane simple bud |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108076757A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-05-29 | 李志� | New clip type rice seedling transplanter |
| CN108370693A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-07 | 佛山市翔桂农机科技有限公司 | It is a kind of agriculture with convenient for transplanting seedlings equipment |
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