CN110121969A - A kind of deep ploughing in repairing heavy metal pollution farmland is digged method - Google Patents
A kind of deep ploughing in repairing heavy metal pollution farmland is digged method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110121969A CN110121969A CN201810127409.8A CN201810127409A CN110121969A CN 110121969 A CN110121969 A CN 110121969A CN 201810127409 A CN201810127409 A CN 201810127409A CN 110121969 A CN110121969 A CN 110121969A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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Abstract
The deep ploughing that the present invention provides a kind of repairing heavy metal pollution farmland is digged method, and heavy metal pollution reparation and agricultural product edible safety field are belonged to.The technical solution used for different farm environments: (1) method of use: the farmland for being changed to nonirrigated farmland more difficult in a short time samples and determines that pollution of surface soil is thick, Polluted Soil thickness adds 0.3m to be ploughed depth；Heavy metal deactivator is applied to Polluted Soil；Make leaching test, arranges ponding；It is turned over using excavator to designated depth；Supplementary fertilizer carries out plantation.(2) it is easier to be changed to the farmland in nonirrigated farmland in a short time, the method for use: draining dry field；It samples and determines that pollution of surface soil is thick, Polluted Soil thickness adds 0.3m to be ploughed depth；Heavy metal deactivator is applied to Polluted Soil；Make leaching test, carries out soil deep tillage using plough is ploughed deeply；Supplementary fertilizer carries out plantation.It is digged recovery technique defect based on existing deep ploughing, a kind of economically feasible is provided, strong operability, is suitble to single or Compound Heavy Metals the farmland restorative procedure promoted and applied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy metal pollution of soil reparations and agricultural product edible safety field, and in particular to a kind of reparation weight
The deep ploughing in metallic pollution farmland is digged method.
Background technique
Raw, safety of the agricultural land soil quality concerning " on the tip of the tongue " in all things on earth soil, it is closely bound up with the health of the people.
Major pollutants of the heavy metal as China farmland, it has also become influence one of major obstacle of agricultural product quality.Currently, farmland
It include mainly physics, chemistry, biology and agricultural engineering technology method on heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure, in practical application
In, usually according to agricultural land soil type, physicochemical property, pollution level and reparation time limit, to the agricultural land soil of different levels of contamination
Using the combination of several recovery techniques.
" deep ploughing dig technology ", also referred to as " turning over dilution ", " soil dig mixed diluting method ", " Hebei province's farmland soil
Earth heavy metal pollution recovery technique specification " deep ploughing digged technology as repairing slight heavy metal by (DB 13/T 2206-2015)
One of applicable technology of polluted agricultural land.But be suitble to the reparation of China's heavy metals in farmland, economically feasible, strong operability, can large area
Technology operation method is digged in the deep ploughing of popularization and application and technical essential is not yet formed.It is polluted for China's heavy metals in farmland practical
Situation gropes a kind of economically feasible, strong operability, the heavy metal pollution farmland promoted and applied deep ploughing is suitble to dig method pair
It improves farmland safe utilization rate, ensure that agricultural product security is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
Based on the economically feasible and operability for improving polluted agricultural land safe utilization rate, restorative procedure, and it is suitble to promote and answers
With the present invention is repaired for the heavy metal pollution farmland of clay or clay loam, and usage mining machine ploughs deeply the machines such as plough, rotary cultivator
Tool, use in conjunction heavy metal are passivated recovery technique, and the deep ploughing for providing a kind of heavy metal pollution farmland is digged method.
A kind of special deep ploughing in repairing heavy metal pollution farmland is digged method, and this method is adopted for different farm environments
Technical solution is as follows:
(1) for flooded for a long time paddy field, cold immersed field, and the farmland for being changed to nonirrigated farmland more difficult in a short time, the method for use
It is:
First, determine ploughed depth.Method is that stratified sampling tests and analyzes heavy metals in farmland pollutant concentration, determines table
Layer contaminated soil average thickness, contaminated soil skin depth add 0.3m to be ploughed depth, and general range is 0.4~0.6m；
Second, the passivation of heavy metal polluted soil, which is turned over, buries.Environmentally friendly heavy metal passivation is applied to pollution of surface soil
Agent is mixed using the abundant rotary tillage of paddy field tillage cultivator, conserves 10~15d；Pedotheque after taking maintenance makees leaching test, leaches
Liquid meets " agricultural irrigation water quality standard " and ponding in farmland is discharged afterwards；It is disposably dug using power shovel to ploughed depth,
And successively take field soil, the placement of overturning original position, successively the latter row Tanaka of overturning placement is native again after overturning one row of placement
Earth, until the farmland regional soil repaired overturning will entirely be needed to finish；
Finally, plantation crops.Dry field, applies organic fertilizer, and abundant rotary tillage topsoil carries out subsequent plantation.
(2) to being easy to be changed to the farmland in nonirrigated farmland in a short time, the method for use is:
First, dry field.Dry field is drained, field is made to become nonirrigated farmland；
Second, determine ploughed depth.Method is that stratified sampling tests and analyzes heavy metals in farmland pollutant concentration, determines table
Layer contaminated soil average thickness, pollution skin depth add 0.3m to be ploughed depth, typically about 0.4~0.6m；
Third, the passivation of heavy metal polluted soil, which is turned over, buries.Environmentally friendly heavy metal passivation is applied to pollution of surface soil
Agent is mixed using the abundant rotary tillage of rotary cultivator, conserves 10~15d；Pedotheque after taking maintenance makees leaching test, leachate symbol
It closes " agricultural irrigation water quality standard " and starts soil deep tillage afterwards；Select plough is deep to plough deeply plough more than or equal to ploughed depth；It ploughs deeply
Method is to repair 1.1~1.3 times, depth and ploughing depth that field surrounding digging width is ploughing breadth degree with excavator first
Consistent groove, then orderly turned in the form of turn-taking in field groove inner ring with trench plow, plough the soil stirred overturn just to
In the groove dug, and a new circle groove is left in inner ring again simultaneously, repeatedly, until overturning is completed entirely to need
The field of reparation；
Finally, plantation crops.Apply organic fertilizer, abundant rotary tillage topsoil carries out subsequent plantation.
The soil property in above-mentioned farmland is clay or clay loam, and heavy metal diffusive migration depth in clay soil property is very shallow, generally
Soil depth is polluted within 0.2m, and the soil of 0.3~0.4m of deep layer is substantially pollution-free.Passivator type and dosage foundation
Heavy metal pollution species, pollution level and soil physico-chemical property determine that the heavy metal deactivator of selection should be environmental-friendly
Type should not cause secondary pollution to soil.If first time passivation operation leachate does not meet " agricultural irrigation water quality standard ",
Passivation operation is then repeated, until leachate complies with standard.The depth of power shovel will be equal to determining depth of ploughing deeply, deep ploughing
The tilling depth of plough, which will be equal to, ploughs deeply depth, and lower soil overturning is become topsoil after ploughing deeply.For farmland soil property be cement
Soil, the permeability of soil is weak, water-retaining property is strong, and the farmland after reparation can be used for paddy field and nonirrigated farmland plantation.Applied fertilizer,
It is to be aided with appropriate chemical fertilizer mainly based on organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer should keep under strict control its content of beary metal.
The present invention has the advantages that (1) economically feasible, strong operability, whole process often use engineering machinery or agricultural machine
Tool can be implemented, easy to operate；(2) operating time is short, is not take up the farming time substantially, using phase slack season in winter or crop
Harvesting is completed with the plantation intermittent phase；(3) scope of application is big, and single heavy metal pollution or Compound Heavy Metals farmland is suitble to repair
It is multiple.
Specific embodiment
A kind of method the present invention is intended to provide deep ploughing in repairing heavy metal pollution farmland is digged passes through a contaminated soil huge sum of money
Belong to passivation, plough deeply, has administered heavy metals in farmland pollution, underground water pollution will not be caused.Come combined with specific embodiments below into
One step illustrates the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In October, 2015~2017 year June, successively more than 200 mu of Hubei Province, mining area periphery, Huangshi heavy metal cadmium,
Arsenic combined pollution agricultural land soil is repaired, and is digged method using soil deep ploughing.
Preceding farmland is repaired to be immersed in water for a long time, majority is let a piece of farmland go to waste field and cold immersed field, mud depth generally in 0.5m or more,
Deeper region mud reaches 1m or more, soil moisture content 30-40%, the viscous weight of soil, soil weight 1.63g/cm3, farmland soil
Earth cadmium, arsenic concentration are more than " standard of soil environment quality " III level standard, and repairing target is soil arsenic concentration lower than 30.0mg/
Kg, soil cadmium concentration are lower than 1.0mg/kg.
In October, 2015 carries out repair, uses in repair process to the more difficult farmland for being changed to nonirrigated farmland in a short time
Deep ploughing of the invention is digged method reparation, and here is the program implemented.
Soil sample tests and analyzes: carrying out stratified sampling detection and analysis to heavy metal pollution farmland, determines that its pollution is deep
Degree, farmland region arsenic concentration 13.8~158.0mg/kg of range, representing areal calculation weighted average by sampled point is
34.2mg/kg；Cadmium concentration 0.15~5.46mg/kg of range, representing areal calculation weighted average by sampled point is 1.16mg/
kg.Soil pH range 4.60~7.09, average value 6.00, contaminated soil are 0~20cm of surface layer, the soil of 20~40cm of lower layer
Earth heavy metal cadmium, arsenic basically reach " standard of soil environment quality " II grade standard.
Topsoil Passivation Treatment: display heavy metal-polluted soil residual form is measured to pollution of surface Heavy Metals and is accounted for about
65%, soluble state content of beary metal is lower, and soil is adopted by 1: 10 application reduced iron powder and attapulgite, additive amount 0.3%
It is mixed with the abundant rotary tillage of paddy field tillage cultivator, conserves 15d, the pedotheque after taking maintenance makees leaching test, and leachate meets " agriculture
Field irrigation water quality standard ", farmland ponding is discharged.
Soil deep tillage: the depth for determining soil deep tillage is 0.5m.Soil deep tillage operation, the excavation are carried out using excavator
Machine outside width of bucket is 0.8m, and it is 0.6m that a shovel, which most deep-cuts depth,.It digs using power shovel disposable (shovel) and arrives ploughed depth,
And successively take field soil, the placement of overturning original position, successively the latter row Tanaka of overturning placement is native again after overturning one row of placement
Earth, until the farmland regional soil repaired overturning will entirely be needed to finish.
Subsequent processing: the field sunning after ploughing deeply, preliminary rotary tillage topsoil, according to 400kg/ mus of application organic fertilizers
After 30kg/ mus of application compound fertilizers, then abundant rotary tillage topsoil.Plant miscellaneous 62 rape of local common crops China oil, local
Semen viciae fabae, per mu yield reach normal range (NR).Arable layer 0~20cm Soil K+adsorption heavy metal cadmium, arsenic content are taken, in " soil ring
Border quality standard " in II grade standard concentration range.Magnificent oily miscellaneous 62 rape edible oil, broadbean seed content of beary metal are in " food
Safe national standard pollutants in food limitation " within standard limited value.
Embodiment 2
In October, 2015~2017 year June, more than 200 mu of Hubei Province, mining area periphery, Huangshi, heavy metal cadmium, arsenic are multiple
It closes polluted farmland soil to be repaired, dig method using soil deep ploughing.
Repairing preceding farmland is paddy field, soil moisture content 25-30%, the viscous weight of soil, soil weight 1.6g/cm3, farmland
Cadmium in Soil, arsenic concentration are more than " standard of soil environment quality " III level standard, and repairing target is soil arsenic concentration lower than 30.0mg/
Kg, soil cadmium concentration are lower than 1.0mg/kg.
In October, 2015 carries out repair, for that can be easy to be changed to the farmland in nonirrigated farmland in a short time in repair process
Have and digged method using deep ploughing of the invention, here is the program implemented.
Soil sample tests and analyzes: carrying out stratified sampling detection and analysis to heavy metal pollution farmland, determines that its pollution is deep
Degree, farmland region arsenic concentration 13.8~158.0mg/kg of range, representing areal calculation weighted average by sampled point is
34.2mg/kg；Cadmium concentration 0.15~5.46mg/kg of range, representing areal calculation weighted average by sampled point is 1.16mg/
kg.Soil pH range 4.60~7.09, average value 6.00, contaminated soil are 0~20cm of surface layer, the soil of 20~40cm of lower layer
Earth heavy metal cadmium, arsenic basically reach " standard of soil environment quality " II grade standard.
Topsoil Passivation Treatment: it is by 1: 10 application reduced iron powder and attapulgite, additive amount to pollution of surface soil
0.3%, it is mixed using the abundant rotary tillage of rotary cultivator, conserves 10d, the pedotheque after taking maintenance makees leaching test, and leachate meets
" agricultural irrigation water quality standard ".
Soil deep tillage: the depth for determining soil deep tillage is 0.5m.Soil is carried out using 1LF-165 deep ploughing single furrow reversible plough
It ploughs deeply, ploughing depth 0.6m, working width 0.6m.Excavator is first used to repair field surrounding digging width as the ditch of 0.9m, depth 0.5m
Slot uses 1LF-165 deep-ploughing single plow to plough deeply in the form of turn-taking in field surrounding ditch trough rim sequence, it is proper to plough the soil stirred
Good overturning leaves a new circle groove into the groove dug in inner ring again simultaneously, repeatedly, until turning over completion
The field that need to entirely repair.
Subsequent processing: abundant using rotary cultivator after 400kg/ mus of application organic fertilizers and 30kg/ mus of application compound fertilizers
Rotary tillage.Miscellaneous 62 rape of local common crops China oil, local semen viciae fabae, hybridization pea and local pea, per mu yield is planted to reach
Normal range (NR).Arable layer 0-20cm Soil K+adsorption heavy metal cadmium, arsenic content are taken, in " standard of soil environment quality " II grades of marks
In quasi- concentration range.Magnificent oily miscellaneous 62 rape, local semen viciae fabae, hybridization pea and local pea seed content of beary metal are in " food
Safe national standard pollutants in food limitation " within standard limited value.
The above, the example implemented for the present inventor, it is noted that those skilled in the art are come
It says, on the basis of the principle of the invention, is still adjusted or improved according to the above description, these adjustment and improvement should all regard
For protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of method 1. deep ploughing in repairing heavy metal pollution farmland is digged, it is characterised in that: for the farmland of clay or clay loam, Its topsoil by heavy metal pollution and deep soil is not contaminated, a farmland huge sum of money is carried out using special method of turning over Belong to pollution control, technical method is as follows:(1) for flooded for a long time paddy field, cold immersed field, and the farmland for being changed to nonirrigated farmland more difficult in a short time, the method for use is: One, it determines that ploughed depth, method are that stratified sampling tests and analyzes heavy metals in farmland polluter object concentration, determines pollution topsoil Earth average thickness, pollution topsoil thickness add 0.3m to be ploughed depth, and general range is 0.4-0.6m；Second, heavy metal The passivation of Polluted Soil, which is turned over, buries, and applies environmentally friendly heavy metal deactivator to pollution of surface soil, abundant using paddy field tillage cultivator Rotary tillage mixes, and conserves 10~15d；Pedotheque after taking maintenance makees leaching test, and leachate meets " field irrigation water quality mark It is quasi- " ponding in farmland is discharged afterwards；It digs using power shovel disposable (shovel) and arrives ploughed depth, and successively take field Soil overturns placement in situ, successively overturns again after overturning one row of placement and places latter row Tanaka soil, needs to repair up to by entire Multiple farmland regional soil overturning finishes；Finally, plantation crops, i.e. dry field, apply organic fertilizer, abundant rotary tillage topsoil Earth carries out subsequent plantation；(2) to being easy to be changed to the farmland in nonirrigated farmland in a short time, the method for use is: first, dry field, i.e. draining dry field make field As nonirrigated farmland；Second, it determines that ploughed depth, method are that stratified sampling tests and analyzes heavy metals in farmland pollutant concentration, determines dirty Topsoil average thickness is contaminated, pollution topsoil thickness adds 0.3m to be ploughed depth, typically about 0.4-0.6m；Third, The passivation of heavy metal polluted soil, which is turned over, buries, and applies environmentally friendly heavy metal deactivator to pollution of surface soil, is filled using rotary cultivator Divide rotary tillage to mix, conserves 10~15d；Pedotheque after taking maintenance makees leaching test, and leachate meets " field irrigation water quality mark It is quasi- " start soil deep tillage afterwards；Select plough is deep to plough deeply plough more than or equal to ploughed depth；The method ploughed deeply is, first with excavation Machine is in 1.1~1.3 times that reparation field surrounding digging width is about ploughing breadth degree, depth and the deeply consistent groove of ploughing, then uses Trench plow is orderly turned in the form of turn-taking in field groove inner ring, is ploughed the soil stirred and is overturn just to the groove dug In, and leave a new circle groove in inner ring again simultaneously, repeatedly, until the field that need to entirely repair is completed in overturning；Finally, Crops are planted, i.e., application organic fertilizer, abundant rotary tillage topsoil carry out subsequent plantation.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113857236A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-31 | 李攀 | Soil remediation and treatment method |
| CN114342597A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-15 | 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 | Treatment method for deeply ploughing and diluting heavy metal polluted farmland |
| CN115283428A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-11-04 | 上海圣珑环境科技有限公司 | Safe utilization method of slightly and moderately polluted farmland |
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