CN106376264B - A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system and modification method - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system and modification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106376264B CN106376264B CN201610766477.XA CN201610766477A CN106376264B CN 106376264 B CN106376264 B CN 106376264B CN 201610766477 A CN201610766477 A CN 201610766477A CN 106376264 B CN106376264 B CN 106376264B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement systems, belong to alkaline land soil improving technology field, include the latticed saline and alkaline plot equipped with cofferdam and moisture content separation layer, control salt anatonosis hidden pipe, collector pipe, plough has trapezoidal mound and inverted trapezoidal ditch on saline and alkaline plot, it is drilled with control salt anatonosis hole, gully-hole and detection scale respectively thereon, there is non-woven fabrics filtrate on control salt anatonosis hidden pipe, has inlet opening on collector pipe；The modification method of the improvement system is also provided, including：Selection of land is laid with moisture content separation layer, buries and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, finishing cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch, punches, applies soil fertility fertilizer, Planting Crops, salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe management are controlled in field management.The present invention can not only improve soil water storage ability, keep nutrient, additionally it is possible to improve loose soil divergence, improve soil hardening degree, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, to heat effect good, ploughs area's salinity and declines to a great extent, salt content control is within 0.2%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of arable land comprehensive improvement system and modification method, especially a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system
And modification method, belong to alkaline land soil improving technology field.
Background technology
The existing 100,000,000 hectares of salt-soda soils of China, are largely distributed in that North China, northwest and northeast etc. is arid, semiarid zone, main
To include Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, the Inner Mongol, the northeast of Shanxi Province, above-mentioned salt-soda soil hydrological geological conditions are complicated,
Water system belongs to Yellow River System more, and level of ground water is influenced especially pronounced by Yellow River System, and level of ground water is high, and local beverage well generally exists
20m or so, for phreatic line in 2m or so, In The Soils are solonchak and aeolian sandy soil, be developed in drift-sand matrix and
At young soil, great amount of soluble salt is contained in soil, rainfall is low, and the annual 180mm that is about averaged, the evaporation of illumination abundance is fast,
Salt-soda soil is formed, earth's surface forms hardening salt knot layer, and the saline and alkaline type in above-mentioned salt-soda soil is mostly based on Saline-Sodic, and salinity is high, alkali
Property it is strong, for topsoil soils salt content generally in 3~5g/kg, some is up to 10g/kg；PH value is generally 8.3~9.2, and some is up to
10 or more；For basicity generally 10~30%, high reaches 50~70%, since soil colloid adsorbs more sodium ion, leads to
Gas, water permeability are poor, and soil property is viscous heavy, hardened, earth's surface cracking are shunk when doing, muddy when wet, tilth is very poor.Currently, to salt-soda soil
Ameliorative measure mainly with chemical measure, water resources industry improvement soil based on, agronomic measures mainly with overlay film covering, stalk also
Based on field, applying organic manure and the screening of saline-alkali tolerant crop species, although there is certain effect, simultaneously to the improved effect in salt-soda soil
Unobvious, there is no applications, and there are no the effective salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement systems of formation and modification method therefore to work out
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system and modification method are to alkaline land improving effect and promote and apply and all have more important meaning
Justice.
Invention content
The main object of the present invention is to solve improved effect unobvious present in current alkaline land improving technology, no
The problem of conducive to application, provides a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system and modification method.
The purpose of the present invention can reach by using following technical solution：
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system, including be divided into latticed saline and alkaline plot and be arranged described latticed
Saline and alkaline plot under moisture content separation layer, control salt anatonosis hidden pipe, collector pipe, the moisture content separation layer is arranged in the control salt anatonosis
The lower section of hidden pipe and the collector pipe replaces laying between the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe, described latticed
The periphery in saline and alkaline plot is equipped with cofferdam, is ploughed in the latticed saline and alkaline plot at several width using automation equipment of plowing
Equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound, formation width is equal between two adjacent trapezoidal mounds, the identical inverted trapezoidal of depth
Ditch is drilled with a row by drilling device on every trapezoidal mound and controls salt anatonosis hole, on a plurality of adjacent trapezoidal mound
The control salt anatonosis hole be in quincuncial arrangement, being drilled with one by drilling device on every inverted trapezoidal ditch arranges in a row water hole, institute
Gully-hole and control salt anatonosis hole interlaced arrangement are stated, the gully-hole on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch is also in plum blossom
Shape arranges that the trapezoidal mound is equipped with a control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale, the control salt equipped with spaced apart
Anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale is deep into the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe, and the inverted trapezoidal ditch is equipped with spaced apart set
There are a collector pipe depth detection scale, the collector pipe depth detection scale to be deep into the collector pipe, the control salt anatonosis
It is staggered between hidden pipe depth detection scale and the collector pipe depth detection scale, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe is equipped with one
Layer non-woven fabrics filtrate, the collector pipe are equipped with multiple inlet openings.
Further, the latticed saline and alkaline plot is rectangle plot, and the upper width of the trapezoidal mound is 0.8
~1.2m, lower width be 1.5~1.8m, be highly 35~45cm, the upper width of the inverted trapezoidal ditch be 1.0~1.2m,
Lower width is 0.4~0.6m, depth is 35~45cm, and the cofferdam is trapezoidal cofferdam, the upper width in the trapezoidal cofferdam
It is 0.6~0.8m for 0.3~0.5m, lower width, is highly 15~25cm.
Further, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe are pipe, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and described
The caliber of collector pipe is all higher than 140mm, and the inlet opening on the collector pipe is no less than 12 along one week number of caliber, institute
It states in inlet opening and penetrates into water in the collector pipe filled with infiltration medium, the infiltration medium, by silt, soil barrier in institute
It states outside collector pipe.
Further, the effective water absorption area of every meter of the collector pipe be more than 65 square centimeters, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe with
It is 2~3m that the burying of the collector pipe, which puts depth, and it is 2.5~3.5m, the control salt anatonosis that the burying of the moisture content separation layer, which puts depth,
Staff guage hole is provided on hidden pipe and the collector pipe, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale is inserted by the staff guage hole
In the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe, the collector pipe depth detection scale is inserted by the staff guage hole in the collector pipe, described
Control ranging from 3.5~4.5m of salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale and the collector pipe depth detection scale.
Further, the control salt anatonosis hole and the aperture of the gully-hole, hole depth are equal, the control salt anatonosis hole and
The aperture of the gully-hole is 70mm, 85mm, 105mm or 140mm, and the control salt anatonosis hole and the hole depth of the gully-hole are
1.2~1.5m is filled with the fertilizer and fine sand increase soil fertility, the fertilizer in the control salt anatonosis hole and the gully-hole
Mass ratio with the fine sand is 1:49,8~12kg of dose, fertilizer formula use microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth per acre
Conditioning agent, volume ratio are 85~90:10~15.
Further, the moisture content separation layer is made of the graded broken stone layer of 35~45cm thickness, is laid on the metalling
There are the geotextiles of 0.2~0.4cm as filter layer, is laid with one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol on the filter layer, applies thereon
Salt reduction alkaline agent, the alfisol and the salt reduction alkaline agent is added to be located on the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe.
A kind of modification method such as above-mentioned salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system is additionally provided, is included the following steps：
Step 1：Selection of land
Prepartion of land, soil plough horizon salt content is selected to be less than 0.3%, pH value 7.2~7.8, the content of organic matter 3% or more
Plot, the soil texture is neutral；
Step 2：It is laid with moisture content separation layer
Plot is divided into several latticed saline and alkaline plot, the saline-alkali soil in latticed saline and alkaline plot is routed up, is turned over
Native depth is 2.5~3.5m, and the graded broken stone layer that 35~45cm thickness is laid in the bottom for climbing over soil is constituted, and is equipped on metalling
The geotextiles of 0.2~0.4cm are laid with one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol, apply salt reduction thereon as filter layer on filter layer
Alkaline agent；
Step 3：It buries and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe
After moisture content separation layer is laid with, is buried on alfisol and salt reduction alkaline agent and put control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, salt will be controlled
Anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale, collector pipe depth detection scale are inserted respectively into control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, and
Protective case is arranged outside control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale, collector pipe depth detection scale, then in control salt anatonosis hidden pipe sum aggregate
Alkaline land soil is arranged on water pipe, and the position of control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe is marked；
Step 4：Modify cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch
The alkaline land soil plough arranged on salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe will be controlled into several using equipment of plowing is automated
Width is equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound, formation width is equal between two adjacent trapezoidal mounds, depth it is identical fall
Trapezoid-shaped trench builds cofferdam in the periphery in latticed saline and alkaline plot；
Step 5：It punches, apply soil fertility fertilizer
A row is drilled with by drilling device on every trapezoidal mound and controls salt anatonosis hole, it is a plurality of adjacent described trapezoidal
The control salt anatonosis hole on mound is in quincuncial arrangement, and being drilled with one by drilling device on every inverted trapezoidal ditch arranges in a row
Water hole, the gully-hole and control salt anatonosis hole interlaced arrangement, the gully-hole on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch
Also it is in quincuncial arrangement, the fertilizer and fine sand increase soil fertility is filled in the control salt anatonosis hole and the gully-hole；
Step 6：Planting Crops
Plantation seeds, wheat, soya bean, crops or the interplanting corn such as corn and soya bean, interplant of bean and small as needed
The interplanting crops such as wheat；
Step 7：Field management
The field management such as weeding, deinsectization, watering, fertilising periodically are carried out to crops；
Step 8：Control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe management
It is inspected periodically to burying the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe put well and collector pipe, checks the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and described
Whether water in collector pipe, and control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe are blocked, and are checked according to the scale of the scale of depth
Control the depth of salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe.
Further, in the step 3, the effective water absorption area of every meter of the collector pipe is more than 65 square centimeters, the control
It is 2~3m that the burying of salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe, which puts depth, and it is 2.5~3.5m that the burying of the moisture content separation layer, which puts depth,
Ranging from 3.5~4.5m of control the salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale and the collector pipe depth detection scale；The step
In rapid 4, the latticed saline and alkaline plot is rectangle plot, and the upper width of the trapezoidal mound is 0.8~1.2m, lower part
Width is 1.5~1.8m, is highly 35~45cm, and the upper width of the inverted trapezoidal ditch is 1.0~1.2m, lower width is
0.4~0.6m, depth are 35~45cm, and the cofferdam is trapezoidal cofferdam, the upper width in the trapezoidal cofferdam is 0.3~
0.5m, lower width are 0.6~0.8m, are highly 15~25cm.
Further, it in the step 5, controls salt anatonosis hole and the aperture of the gully-hole, hole depth is equal, the control salt
Anatonosis hole and the aperture of the gully-hole are 70mm, 85mm, 105mm or 140mm, the control salt anatonosis hole and the gully-hole
Hole depth is 1.2~1.5m, and the mass ratio of the fertilizer and the fine sand is 1:49,8~12kg of dose, fertilizer formula are adopted per acre
With microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator, volume ratio is 85~90:10~15.
Further, it in the step 8, is examined to burying the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe put well and the collector pipe weekly
It looks into, when the water total amount in the inspection control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe is less than the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collection
The reservoir storage of water pipe 30% when, need the water filling into the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe, be filled to the control salt
Water in anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe is more than the 30% of its reservoir storage, when the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe
When being blocked, tamper is removed in time；It is examined according to the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale and the collector pipe depth
The scale of mark ruler come check it is described control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe depth, when the scale that scale rises or falls is big
When 20cm, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and the collector pipe are checked, prevent the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and described
Fracture or displacement occur for collector pipe.
The method have the benefit that：Comprehensive improvement system in salt-soda soil provided by the invention and modification method, pass through
It buries in the soil and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, and punched on the soil of control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe,
It is put into microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator in hole, the water-holding capacity of soil can not only be effectively improved, keeps supporting
Point, additionally it is possible to the shatter value for improving soil improves the hardened degree of soil, and the ability of rainwater and irrigation water is collected in enhancing, moisture content every
Absciss layer metalling is constituted, and geotextiles are equipped on metalling and are used as filter layer, be laid on filter layer one layer of maize straw, one layer drench
Molten soil applies salt reduction alkaline agent thereon, and alfisol and salt reduction alkaline agent are located on control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, and are periodically put to burying
It controls salt anatonosis hidden pipe well and collector pipe is checked, be conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation, heat, improve crop yield, increase in conjunction with control salt
Hidden pipe and collector pipe are oozed, salt leaching and filtering can be accelerated using the method for the present invention, so that crop is ploughed area's salinity and declines to a great extent, plough
The salt content in area controls within 0.2%, and the method for the present invention is simply easy to spread, is a kind of good cultivation mode.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is comprehensive improvement system schematic in salt-soda soil of the present invention.
In figure：The latticed saline and alkaline plot 100-, 200- moisture content separation layers, 300- control salt anatonosis hidden pipes, 400- collector pipes,
The cofferdam 500-, the trapezoidal mounds of 101-, 102- inverted trapezoidal ditches, 103- control salt anatonosis hole, 104- gully-holes, and 105- controls salt anatonosis hidden pipe
Depth detection scale, 106- collector pipe depth detection scales, 301- non-woven fabrics filtrates, the inlet openings 401-.
Specific implementation mode
To make the more clear and clear technical scheme of the present invention of those skilled in the art, with reference to embodiment and attached drawing
The present invention is described in further detail, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system, including be divided into latticed saline and alkaline plot 100 and set
Set moisture content separation layer 200, control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300, collector pipe 400 under the latticed saline and alkaline plot 100, the water
Part separation layer 200 is arranged in the lower section of the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300
Replace laying between the collector pipe 400, the periphery in the latticed saline and alkaline plot 100 is equipped with cofferdam 500, using automatic
Equal at several width, equally spaced trapezoidal mound 101 is ploughed in the latticed saline and alkaline plot 100 by change equipment of plowing, and two
Formation width is equal between the adjacent trapezoidal mound 101 of item, the identical inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 of depth, every trapezoidal soil
A row is drilled with by drilling device on heap 101 and controls salt anatonosis hole 103, the control on a plurality of adjacent trapezoidal mound 101
Salt anatonosis hole 103 is in quincuncial arrangement, and being drilled with one by drilling device on every inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 arranges in a row water hole 104, institute
Gully-hole 104 and 103 interlaced arrangement of control salt anatonosis hole are stated, described on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 is catchmented
Hole 104 is also in quincuncial arrangement, and the trapezoidal mound 101 is equipped with the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth spaced apart that is equipped with and examines
Mark ruler 105, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale 105 are deep into the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300, the ladder
Shape ditch 102 is equipped with a collector pipe depth detection scale 106, the collector pipe depth detection scale equipped with spaced apart
106 are deep into the collector pipe 400, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale 105 and the collector pipe depth detection
It is staggered between scale 106, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 is equipped with layer of non-woven fabric filtrate 301, the collector pipe 400
It is equipped with multiple inlet openings 401.
Further, the latticed saline and alkaline plot 100 is rectangle plot, and the top of the trapezoidal mound 101 is wide
Degree is 0.8~1.2m, lower width is 1.5~1.8m, is highly 35~45cm, and the upper width of the inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 is
1.0~1.2m, lower width are 0.4~0.6m, depth is 35~45cm, and the cofferdam 500 is trapezoidal cofferdam, described trapezoidal to enclose
The upper width on weir is 0.3~0.5m, lower width is 0.6~0.8m, is highly 15~25cm.
Further, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 are pipe, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe
300 and the caliber of the collector pipe 400 be all higher than 140mm, the inlet opening 401 on the collector pipe 400 was along caliber one week
Number be no less than 12, water is penetrated into the collector pipe filled with infiltration medium, the infiltration medium in the inlet opening 401
In 400, by silt, soil barrier outside the collector pipe 400.
Further, the effective water absorption area of every meter of the collector pipe 400 is more than 65 square centimeters, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe
300 and the collector pipe 400 bury that put depth be 2~3m, it is 2.5~3.5m, institute that the burying of the moisture content separation layer 200, which puts depth,
It states and is provided with staff guage hole, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale on control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400
105 are inserted by the staff guage hole in the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300, and the collector pipe depth detection scale 106 passes through described
Staff guage hole is inserted into the collector pipe 400, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale 105 and the collector pipe depth detection
Ranging from 3.5~4.5m of scale 106.
Further, the control salt anatonosis hole 103 and the aperture of the gully-hole 104, hole depth are equal, and the control salt increases
The aperture of seepage hole 103 and the gully-hole 104 is 70mm, 85mm, 105mm or 140mm, control salt anatonosis hole 103 and described
The hole depth of gully-hole 104 is 1.2~1.5m, is filled in control salt anatonosis hole 103 and the gully-hole 104 and improves soil fertilizer
The mass ratio of the fertilizer and fine sand of power, the fertilizer and the fine sand is 1:49,8~12kg of dose, fertilizer formula are adopted per acre
With microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator, volume ratio is 85~90:10~15.
Further, the moisture content separation layer 200 is made of the graded broken stone layer of 35~45cm thickness, the metalling upper berth
Geotextiles equipped with 0.2~0.4cm are laid with one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol, thereon as filter layer on the filter layer
Apply salt reduction alkaline agent, the alfisol and the salt reduction alkaline agent are located at the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400
On.
A kind of modification method such as above-mentioned salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system is additionally provided, is included the following steps：
Step 1：Selection of land
Prepartion of land, soil plough horizon salt content is selected to be less than 0.3%, pH value 7.2~7.8, the content of organic matter 3% or more
Plot, the soil texture is neutral；
Step 2：It is laid with moisture content separation layer
Plot is divided into several latticed saline and alkaline plot 100, the saline-alkali soil in latticed saline and alkaline plot 100 is turned over
Go out, depth of turning soil is 2.5~3.5m, and the graded broken stone layer that 35~45cm thickness is laid in the bottom for climbing over soil is constituted, on metalling
The geotextiles of 0.2~0.4cm are equipped with as filter layer, one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol is laid on filter layer, applies thereon
Add salt reduction alkaline agent；
Step 3：It buries and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe
After moisture content separation layer is laid with, is buried on alfisol and salt reduction alkaline agent and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and collector pipe 400,
Control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale 105, collector pipe depth detection scale 106 are inserted respectively into control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300
In collector pipe 400, and protection is arranged outside control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale 105, collector pipe depth detection scale 106
Set, then alkaline land soil is arranged on control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and collector pipe 400, and to control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and collector pipe
400 position is marked；
Step 4：Modify cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch
Using automation plow equipment will control the alkaline land soil plough arranged on salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and collector pipe 400 at
Several width are equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound 101, between two adjacent trapezoidal mounds 101 formation width it is equal,
The identical inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 of depth builds cofferdam in the periphery in latticed saline and alkaline plot 100；
Step 5：It punches, apply soil fertility fertilizer
A row is drilled with by drilling device on every trapezoidal mound 101 and controls salt anatonosis hole 103, a plurality of adjacent institute
The control salt anatonosis hole 103 stated on trapezoidal mound 101 is in quincuncial arrangement, passes through brill on every inverted trapezoidal ditch 102
Hole equipment is drilled with one and arranges in a row water hole 104, the gully-hole 104 and 103 interlaced arrangement of control salt anatonosis hole, a plurality of adjacent institute
The gully-hole 104 stated on inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 is also in quincuncial arrangement, in control salt anatonosis hole 103 and the gully-hole
The fertilizer and fine sand that filling is increase soil fertility in 104；
Step 6：Planting Crops
Plantation seeds, wheat, soya bean, crops or the interplanting corn such as corn and soya bean, interplant of bean and small as needed
The interplanting crops such as wheat；
Step 7：Field management
The field management such as weeding, deinsectization, watering, fertilising periodically are carried out to crops；
Step 8：Control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe management
It is inspected periodically to burying the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe put well and collector pipe, checks the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and described
Whether water in collector pipe, and control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe are blocked, and are checked according to the scale of the scale of depth
Control the depth of salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe.
Further, in the step 3, the effective water absorption area of every meter of the collector pipe 400 is described more than 65 square centimeters
It is 2~3m that the burying of control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400, which puts depth, and the burying of the moisture content separation layer 200 puts depth and be
2.5~3.5m, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale 105 and the collector pipe depth detection scale 106 are ranging from
3.5~4.5m；In the step 4, the latticed saline and alkaline plot 100 be rectangle plot, the trapezoidal mound 101 it is upper
Portion's width is 0.8~1.2m, lower width is 1.5~1.8m, is highly 35~45cm, and the top of the inverted trapezoidal ditch 102 is wide
Degree is 1.0~1.2m, lower width is 0.4~0.6m, depth is 35~45cm, and the cofferdam 500 is trapezoidal cofferdam, the ladder
The upper width in shape cofferdam is 0.3~0.5m, lower width is 0.6~0.8m, is highly 15~25cm.
Further, in the step 5, control salt anatonosis hole 103 and the aperture of the gully-hole 104, hole depth are equal, institute
The aperture for stating control salt anatonosis hole 103 and the gully-hole 104 is 70mm, 85mm, 105mm or 140mm, control salt anatonosis hole
103 and the hole depth of the gully-hole 104 be 1.2~1.5m, the mass ratio of the fertilizer and the fine sand is 1:49, it applies fertilizer per acre
8~12kg is measured, it is 85~90 that fertilizer formula, which uses microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator, volume ratio,:10~15.
Further, in the step 8, weekly to burying the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 put well and the collector pipe 400
It is checked, when the water total amount in the inspection control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 is less than the control salt anatonosis
The reservoir storage of hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 30% when, need to the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe
Water filling in 400, the water being filled in the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 is more than the 30% of its reservoir storage,
When the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 are blocked, tamper is removed in time；Increased according to the control salt
The scale of hidden pipe depth detection scale 105 and the collector pipe depth detection scale 106 is oozed to check the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe
300 and the collector pipe 400 depth, when the scale that scale rises or falls be more than 20cm when, it is dark to the control salt anatonosis
Pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 checked, prevent the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe 300 and the collector pipe 400 occur fracture or
Displacement.
In conclusion comprehensive improvement system in salt-soda soil provided in this embodiment and modification method, are put by burying in the soil
Salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe are controlled, and is punched on the soil of control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, micro- life is put into hole
Organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator can not only effectively improve the water-holding capacity of soil, keep nutrient, additionally it is possible to improve
The shatter value of soil, improves the hardened degree of soil, and the ability of rainwater and irrigation water, moisture content separation layer metalling structure are collected in enhancing
At being equipped with geotextiles on metalling as filter layer, one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol be laid on filter layer, is applied thereon
Add salt reduction alkaline agent, alfisol and salt reduction alkaline agent to be located on control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe, and periodically puts control salt anatonosis well to burying
Hidden pipe and collector pipe are checked, are conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation, are heated, and crop yield is improved, in conjunction with control salt anatonosis hidden pipe sum aggregate
Water pipe can accelerate salt leaching and filtering using the method for the present invention, so that crop is ploughed area's salinity and decline to a great extent, plough the salt content in area
Control is within 0.2%, and the method for the present invention is simply easy to spread, is a kind of good cultivation mode.
The above, further embodiment only of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Within the scope of the present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its design adds those familiar with the art
With equivalent substitution or change, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system, which is characterized in that including being divided into latticed saline and alkaline plot (100) and setting
Set moisture content separation layer (200), control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300), collector pipe under the latticed saline and alkaline plot (100)
(400), the moisture content separation layer (200) is arranged in the lower section of control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400),
Replace laying, the latticed saline and alkaline plot (100) between the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400)
Periphery be equipped with cofferdam (500), using automation plow equipment will the latticed saline and alkaline plot (100) plough it is wide at several
Spend equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound (101), formation width is equal between two adjacent trapezoidal mounds (101), depth
Identical inverted trapezoidal ditch (102) is drilled with a row by drilling device on every trapezoidal mound (101) and controls salt anatonosis hole
(103), the control salt anatonosis hole (103) on a plurality of adjacent trapezoidal mound (101) is in quincuncial arrangement, described in every
One is drilled with by drilling device arrange in a row water hole (104), the gully-hole (104) and the control salt anatonosis on inverted trapezoidal ditch (102)
Hole (103) interlaced arrangement, the gully-hole (104) on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch (102) are also in quincuncial arrangement,
The trapezoidal mound (101) is equipped with a control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105), the control equipped with spaced apart
Salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) is deep into the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300), on the inverted trapezoidal ditch (102)
It is equipped with a collector pipe depth detection scale (106) equipped with spaced apart, the collector pipe depth detection scale (106) is deeply
In to the collector pipe (400), the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) and the collector pipe depth detection scale
(106) it is staggered between, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) is equipped with layer of non-woven fabric filtrate (301), the collector pipe
(400) multiple inlet openings (401) are equipped with.
2. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the latticed salt-soda soil
Block (100) is rectangle plot, the upper width of the trapezoidal mound (101) is 0.8~1.2m, lower width be 1.5~
1.8m, be highly 35~45cm, the upper width of the inverted trapezoidal ditch (102) is 1.0~1.2m, lower width be 0.4~
0.6m, depth are 35~45cm, and the cofferdam (500) is trapezoidal cofferdam, the upper width in the trapezoidal cofferdam is 0.3~
0.5m, lower width are 0.6~0.8m, are highly 15~25cm.
3. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe
(300) and the collector pipe (400) is pipe, and the caliber of the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400) is equal
More than 140mm, the inlet opening (401) on the collector pipe (400) is no less than 12 along one week number of caliber, it is described into
Water is penetrated into the collector pipe (400) filled with infiltration medium, the infiltration medium in water hole (401), silt, soil are hindered
It is interposed between the collector pipe (400) outside.
4. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the collector pipe (400) is every
Meter You Xiao water absorption areas are more than 65 square centimeters, and the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and burying for the collector pipe (400) put depth
For 2~3m, it is 2.5~3.5m that the burying of the moisture content separation layer (200), which puts depth, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and described
Staff guage hole is provided on collector pipe (400), the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) is inserted by the staff guage hole
In the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300), the collector pipe depth detection scale (106) described in staff guage hole insertion by catchmenting
It manages in (400), the model of control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) and the collector pipe depth detection scale (106)
It encloses for 3.5~4.5m.
5. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that control salt anatonosis hole
(103) it is equal with the aperture of the gully-hole (104), hole depth, control salt anatonosis hole (103) and the gully-hole (104)
Aperture be 70mm, 85mm, 105mm or 140mm, control salt anatonosis hole (103) and the hole depth of the gully-hole (104) are
1.2~1.5m is filled with the fertilizer increase soil fertility and carefully in control salt anatonosis hole (103) and the gully-hole (104)
The mass ratio of sand, the fertilizer and the fine sand is 1:49,8~12kg of dose, fertilizer formula are organic using microorganism per acre
Fertilizer and plant growth regulator, volume ratio are 85~90:10~15.
6. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the moisture content separation layer
(200) it is made of the graded broken stone layer of 35~45cm thickness, the geotextiles that 0.2~0.4cm is equipped on the metalling were used as
Filtering layer is laid with one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol on the filter layer, applies salt reduction alkaline agent, the alfisol and institute thereon
Salt reduction alkaline agent is stated to be located on the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400).
7. a kind of modification method of such as salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system of claim 1-6 any one, which is characterized in that including
Following steps：
Step 1：Selection of land
Prepartion of land, soil plough horizon salt content is selected to be less than the 0.3%, ground of pH value 7.2~7.8, the content of organic matter 3% or more
Block, the soil texture are neutral；
Step 2：It is laid with moisture content separation layer
Plot is divided into several latticed saline and alkaline plot (100), the saline-alkali soil of latticed saline and alkaline plot (100) is turned over
Go out, depth of turning soil is 2.5~3.5m, and the graded broken stone layer that 35~45cm thickness is laid in the bottom for climbing over soil is constituted, on metalling
The geotextiles of 0.2~0.4cm are equipped with as filter layer, one layer of maize straw, one layer of alfisol is laid on filter layer, applies thereon
Add salt reduction alkaline agent；
Step 3：It buries and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe
After moisture content separation layer is laid with, is buried on alfisol and salt reduction alkaline agent and puts control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and collector pipe (400),
Salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) will be controlled, collector pipe depth detection scale (106) is inserted respectively into control salt anatonosis hidden pipe
(300) and in collector pipe (400), and in control salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105), collector pipe depth detection scale
(106) it is arranged protective case outside, then arranges alkaline land soil on control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and collector pipe (400), and to controlling salt
The position of anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and collector pipe (400) is marked；
Step 4：Modify cofferdam, trapezoidal mound, inverted trapezoidal ditch
Using automation plow equipment will control the alkaline land soil arranged on salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and collector pipe (400) plough at
Several width are equal, equally spaced trapezoidal mound (101), formation width between two adjacent trapezoidal mounds (101)
Equal, the identical inverted trapezoidal ditch (102) of depth builds cofferdam in the periphery of latticed saline and alkaline plot (100)；
Step 5：It punches, apply soil fertility fertilizer
A row is drilled with by drilling device on every trapezoidal mound (101) and controls salt anatonosis hole (103), a plurality of adjacent institute
The control salt anatonosis hole (103) stated on trapezoidal mound (101) is in quincuncial arrangement, on every inverted trapezoidal ditch (102)
It is drilled with one by drilling device and arranges in a row water hole (104), the gully-hole (104) and the control salt anatonosis hole (103) interlaced arrangement,
The gully-hole (104) on a plurality of adjacent inverted trapezoidal ditch (102) is also in quincuncial arrangement, in control salt anatonosis hole
(103) fertilizer and fine sand increase soil fertility and are filled in the gully-hole (104)；
Step 6：Planting Crops
Crops or interplanting corn and soya bean, interplant of bean and wheat such as plantation seeds, wheat, soya bean, corn etc. as needed
Interplanting crops；
Step 7：Field management
The field management such as weeding, deinsectization, watering, fertilising periodically are carried out to crops；
Step 8：Control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe management
It inspects periodically, check the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and described catchments to burying the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe put well and collector pipe
Whether water in pipe, and control salt anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe are blocked, and control salt is checked according to the scale of the scale of depth
The depth of anatonosis hidden pipe and collector pipe.
8. a kind of modification method of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the step
In 3, the effective water absorption area of every meter of the collector pipe (400) is more than 65 square centimeters, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and described
It is 2~3m that the burying of collector pipe (400), which puts depth, and it is 2.5~3.5m, the control that the burying of the moisture content separation layer (200), which puts depth,
Ranging from 3.5~4.5m of salt anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) and the collector pipe depth detection scale (106)；Institute
It states in step 4, the latticed saline and alkaline plot (100) is rectangle plot, and the upper width of the trapezoidal mound (101) is
0.8~1.2m, lower width are 1.5~1.8m, are highly 35~45cm, and the upper width of the inverted trapezoidal ditch (102) is 1.0
~1.2m, lower width are 0.4~0.6m, depth is 35~45cm, and the cofferdam (500) is trapezoidal cofferdam, described trapezoidal to enclose
The upper width on weir is 0.3~0.5m, lower width is 0.6~0.8m, is highly 15~25cm.
9. a kind of modification method of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the step
In 5, controls salt anatonosis hole (103) and the aperture of the gully-hole (104), hole depth are equal, control salt anatonosis hole (103) and institute
The aperture for stating gully-hole (104) is 70mm, 85mm, 105mm or 140mm, control salt anatonosis hole (103) and the gully-hole
(104) hole depth is 1.2~1.5m, and the mass ratio of the fertilizer and the fine sand is 1:49,8~12kg of dose, fertile per acre
It is 85~90 that material formula, which uses microbial organic fertilizer and plant growth regulator, volume ratio,:10~15.
10. a kind of modification method of salt-soda soil comprehensive improvement system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the step
In rapid 8, check burying the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) put well and the collector pipe (400) weekly, described in inspection
The water total amount controlled in salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400) is less than the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and described
The reservoir storage of collector pipe (400) 30% when, need the note into the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400)
Water, the water being filled in the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400) they are more than the 30% of its reservoir storage, when
When the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400) are blocked, tamper is removed in time；According to the control salt
Anatonosis hidden pipe depth detection scale (105) and the scale of the collector pipe depth detection scale (106) check that the control salt increases
The depth for oozing hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400) will be to described when the scale that scale rises or falls is more than 20cm
Control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collector pipe (400) are checked, the control salt anatonosis hidden pipe (300) and the collection are prevented
Fracture or displacement occur for water pipe (400).
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| CN110161211A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-23 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Simulate the experimental rig that secondary saline-alkali water generates process |
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| CN107046841A (en) * | 2017-04-02 | 2017-08-18 | 北京军秀咨询有限公司 | A kind of method of saline land greening afforestation |
| CN106797723A (en) * | 2017-04-02 | 2017-06-06 | 北京军秀咨询有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving system and modification method |
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| CN101536643A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2009-09-23 | 朱高升 | Saline and alkali land improvement method |
| CN101743882B (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2011-07-27 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Drip irrigation greening forestation method for saline-alkali land in coastal areas |
| CN201830631U (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-05-18 | 深圳市文科园艺实业有限公司 | Greening and desalting system for saline-alkali soil |
| CN102057775B (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Controlled-salinity cultivation method for plating crop on moderate and medium and severe saline-alkali soil |
| CN103718686B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-09-16 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | The afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down alkaline land improving system and the improvement method of evaporation |
| WO2015166378A1 (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | Bendke Teja | Root watering systems and apparatus thereof |
| CN104541641B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of powder ridge underdrain system arranges and makes soil light salt salt discharge method for increasing |
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| CN110161211A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-23 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Simulate the experimental rig that secondary saline-alkali water generates process |
| CN110161211B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2022-05-17 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Test device for simulating secondary saline-alkali water generation process |
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