CN110115139B - Hydraulic system for double-row sugarcane transverse planter and control method - Google Patents
Hydraulic system for double-row sugarcane transverse planter and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110115139B CN110115139B CN201910383779.2A CN201910383779A CN110115139B CN 110115139 B CN110115139 B CN 110115139B CN 201910383779 A CN201910383779 A CN 201910383779A CN 110115139 B CN110115139 B CN 110115139B
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- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- YTPMCWYIRHLEGM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 1-[(e)-2-propylsulfonylethenyl]sulfonylpropane Chemical group CCCS(=O)(=O)\C=C\S(=O)(=O)CCC YTPMCWYIRHLEGM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001931 Ludwigia octovalvis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C14/00—Methods or apparatus for planting not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C19/00—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
- A01C19/02—Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a motor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic system for a double-row sugarcane transverse planter, which comprises a hydraulic source, an auxiliary wheel lifting control loop, a soil covering mechanism lifting control loop and an opener lifting control loop, wherein the hydraulic source is used for supplying oil to each part loop, the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop is used for controlling lifting operation of wheels on two sides of the auxiliary mechanism, the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop is used for controlling lifting action of the wheels on two sides of the soil covering mechanism, the opener lifting control loop is used for controlling synchronous lifting action of the wheels on two sides of the opener, and an output loop of the hydraulic source is respectively communicated with the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop, the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop and the opener lifting control loop through a multi-way valve; and also discloses a hydraulic control method thereof, which comprises the steps of hydraulic oil supply and hydraulic oil return. The invention can effectively control the lifting sequence and the lifting speed of each part, has the function of pressure maintaining, and has stable and reliable system pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic pressure, and particularly relates to a hydraulic system for multi-cylinder control, in particular to a hydraulic system for a double-row sugarcane transverse planter and a control method.
Background
Sugarcane is still an important sugar crop in China at present, especially in the south. At present, the mechanized planting and harvesting of the sugarcane are being slowly promoted in China, but the popularization effect of the mechanized planting of the sugarcane is not ideal in terms of the use condition. Among the existing sugarcane planting machines, there are two main sugarcane planting machines, one is a real-time seed cutting type sugarcane planting machine and the other is a pre-seed cutting type sugarcane planting machine. The real-time seed cutting type sugarcane planter adopts a fixed-distance real-time sugarcane cutting mode, and plants the sugarcane into a prepared ditch, and the sugarcane planter is divided into a machine for planting only and a planting machine capable of continuously completing ditching, seed dropping, fertilization, film covering and soil covering according to functions, wherein most of the planting machines are used for completing the planting function, and the machine needs to consume a lot of time and labor if all procedures for planting the sugarcane are to be completed; in addition, the real-time seed cutting planter belongs to blind cutting, the probability of damaging buds is extremely high, and the cut sugarcane sections directly fall into a ditch, so that the planting density is not uniform enough, and the probability of seed leakage is extremely high. The pre-cut sugarcane planter is characterized in that cut and screened sugarcane seed sections are stored in a large sugarcane seed box, then are transported in batches to fall into a seed discharging port, fall into a ditch from the seed discharging port, and are divided into a sugarcane planter for planting and using only and a sugarcane planter capable of continuously completing ditching, seed falling, fertilization, film covering and soil covering according to functions. All the sugarcane planting machines are only suitable for the current common longitudinal planting sugarcane planting mode, and corresponding mechanical equipment is absent aiming at the novel transverse planting mode.
Therefore, in order to realize the functions of ditching, earthing, auxiliary supporting and the like of the sugarcane transverse planter, a hydraulic system is designed, the ditching depth and the folding of all parts in turning are controlled through a hydraulic cylinder, the labor intensity is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a series of actions such as fast forward, fast backward, pressure maintaining and the like can be stably realized. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical effects:
according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic system for a double row sugarcane lateral planter, the hydraulic system comprising a hydraulic source for providing oil to each partial circuit, an auxiliary wheel lift control circuit for controlling the lifting operation of the wheels on both sides of the auxiliary mechanism, a soil covering mechanism lift control circuit for controlling the lifting operation of the wheels on both sides of the soil covering mechanism, and an opener lift control circuit for controlling the synchronous lifting operation of the wheels on both sides of the opener, wherein the output circuit of the hydraulic source is respectively in communication with the auxiliary wheel lift control circuit, the soil covering mechanism lift control circuit and the opener lift control circuit via a multi-way valve.
The above scheme is further preferable, the furrow opener lifting control loop comprises a first furrow opener lifting control loop, a second furrow opener lifting control loop and a one-way throttle valve, an input port of the one-way throttle valve is communicated with a first output port of the multi-way valve, an output port of the one-way throttle valve is respectively communicated with input ports of the first furrow opener lifting control loop and the second furrow opener lifting control loop, and a first return port of the multi-way valve is communicated with an output port of the second furrow opener lifting control loop.
The above scheme is further preferable, the first furrow opener lifting control loop comprises two first hydraulic cylinders, two first hydraulic locks, a first flow dividing and collecting valve and a first two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the second furrow opener lifting control loop comprises two second hydraulic cylinders, two second hydraulic locks, a second flow dividing and collecting valve and a second two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve; the output port of the one-way throttle valve is communicated with the input port of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, the first output port of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve is communicated with the input port of the first flow distribution and collection valve, the output port of the first flow distribution and collection valve is respectively communicated with the first input port of the first hydraulic lock, the output port of the first hydraulic lock is communicated with the input port of the first hydraulic cylinder, the second output port of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve is communicated with the input port of the second flow distribution and collection valve, the output port of the second flow distribution and collection valve is respectively communicated with the first input port of the second hydraulic lock, and the output port of the second hydraulic lock is respectively communicated with the input port of the second hydraulic cylinder; the output port of the first hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the recovery input port of the first hydraulic lock, and the recovery output port of the first hydraulic lock is communicated with the first input port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve; the output port of the second hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the recovery input port of the second hydraulic lock, the recovery output port of the second hydraulic lock is communicated with the second input port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, and the output port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve is communicated with the first backflow port of the multi-way valve.
The above scheme is further preferable, the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop comprises two third hydraulic cylinders and two third hydraulic locks, the input ports of the two third hydraulic locks are respectively communicated with the second output ports of the multi-way valves, the first output ports of the third hydraulic locks are respectively communicated with the input ports of the third hydraulic cylinders, the output ports of the third hydraulic cylinders are communicated with the recovery input ports of the third hydraulic locks, and the recovery output ports of the third hydraulic locks are communicated with the second reflux ports of the multi-way valves.
The above scheme is further preferable, the earthing mechanism lifting control loop comprises two fourth hydraulic cylinders, the input ports of the two fourth hydraulic cylinders are respectively communicated with the third output port of the multi-way valve, and the output port of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is communicated with the third backflow port of the multi-way valve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for hydraulic control using the hydraulic system, including the steps of hydraulic oil supply and hydraulic oil return, mainly including the steps of: the hydraulic oil supply comprises the step of providing hydraulic oil for the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop, the step of providing hydraulic oil for the furrow opener lifting control loop and the step of providing hydraulic oil for the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop; the hydraulic oil return comprises the step of recovering hydraulic oil to the opener lifting control loop and the step of recovering hydraulic oil to the earthing mechanism lifting control loop and the step of recovering hydraulic oil to the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop respectively.
The above solution is further preferred, wherein the hydraulic oil supply comprises the following steps: when the hydraulic source is started to provide hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is provided for the third hydraulic lock through the multi-way valve, so that the third hydraulic cylinder stretches out, and hydraulic oil is provided for the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop; then, a hydraulic source supplies oil to the ditching mechanism through a multi-way valve, when hydraulic oil passes through a one-way throttle valve, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve are powered off, and at the moment, the first hydraulic cylinder stretches out; then the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve are electrified to enable the second hydraulic cylinder to extend out, so that synchronous lifting actions of wheels on two sides of a lifting control loop of the furrow opener are controlled; when the hydraulic source is started to provide hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is provided for the fourth hydraulic cylinder through the multi-way valve, so that the fourth hydraulic cylinder stretches out, and hydraulic oil is provided for the lifting control loop of the earthing mechanism.
The above solution is further preferred, and the hydraulic oil return includes the following steps: during oil return, firstly, hydraulic oil in a hydraulic source flows back after being supplied to a fourth hydraulic cylinder through a multi-way valve, and the hydraulic oil in the fourth hydraulic cylinder flows back to the hydraulic source through the multi-way valve, so that oil return control is performed on a lifting control loop of the earthing mechanism; then, the hydraulic source supplies oil to the ditching mechanism part through the multi-way valve, so that the hydraulic cylinder is retracted; at the moment, after the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve are electrically closed, hydraulic oil sequentially passes through the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, the second hydraulic lock, the second hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic lock, the second flow dividing and collecting valve, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve and the one-way throttle valve, and the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank, so that the recovery action of the second hydraulic cylinder is completed at the moment; after the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve are powered off and disconnected, hydraulic oil passes through the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, the first hydraulic lock, the first hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic lock, the first flow distribution and collection valve, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve and the one-way throttle valve, and then the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank, so that the retraction action of the first hydraulic cylinder is completed; and finally, feeding the hydraulic source to the third hydraulic cylinder through the multi-way valve, and then refluxing the hydraulic oil in the third hydraulic cylinder to the hydraulic source through the third hydraulic lock and the multi-way valve, so as to perform oil return control on the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop.
In summary, the invention adopts the technical scheme, and has the following technical effects:
the invention can control the lifting control loop of the ditcher, the lifting control loop of the auxiliary wheel and the lifting control loop of the earthing mechanism orderly and reliably, so that the lifting sequence and the lifting speed of each part of the double-row sugarcane transverse planter can be effectively controlled, simultaneously, the pressure maintaining function is realized, the system pressure is stable and reliable, the quick advance and the quick retreat function are realized, the work efficiency is improved, and the influence of the too-quick extending speed of the hydraulic cylinder on the ditcher during working is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a control schematic of a hydraulic system for a dual row sugarcane lateral planter of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the swing of the first and second hydraulic cylinders of the present invention;
in the drawings, a hydraulic pressure source 100, an auxiliary wheel lift control circuit 200, a soil covering mechanism lift control circuit 300, a furrow opener lift control circuit 400, a first furrow opener lift control circuit 401, a second furrow opener lift control circuit 402, first hydraulic cylinders 1, 2, second hydraulic cylinders 3, 4, first hydraulic locks 5, 6, second hydraulic locks 7, 8, a first split and flow valve 9, a first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, a second split and flow valve 10, a second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12, a one-way throttle valve 13, third hydraulic cylinders 15, 16, third hydraulic locks 17, 18, fourth hydraulic cylinders 19, 20, a multi-way valve 21, a fuel tank 1001, an overflow valve 1002, a pressure gauge 1003, an oil pump 1004, and a motor 1005.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and by illustrating preferred embodiments. It should be noted, however, that many of the details set forth in the description are merely provided to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the invention, and that these aspects of the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic system for a double row sugarcane lateral planter, the hydraulic system comprising a hydraulic source 100, an auxiliary wheel elevation control circuit 200, a soil covering mechanism elevation control circuit 300, and at least two furrow opener elevation control circuits 400, wherein the hydraulic source 100 is used for supplying oil to each partial circuit, the auxiliary wheel elevation control circuit 200 is used for controlling elevation operations of two auxiliary wheels, the soil covering mechanism elevation control circuit 300 is used for controlling elevation operations of two wheels of the soil covering mechanism, the furrow opener elevation control circuit 400 is used for controlling synchronous elevation operations of two wheels of the furrow opener, wherein an output circuit of the hydraulic source 100 is respectively communicated with the auxiliary wheel elevation control circuit 200, the soil covering mechanism elevation control circuit 300, and the furrow opener elevation control circuit 400 through a multi-way valve 21; the hydraulic system of the double-row sugarcane transverse planter mainly comprises three parts of a furrow opener lifting control loop, an auxiliary wheel lifting control loop and a soil covering mechanism lifting control loop, wherein the furrow opener lifting control loop can regulate speed according to action requirements and has the functions of pressure maintaining, speed regulation, work feeding, quick return and the like; the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop mainly controls the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder and has the function of pressure maintaining; the hydraulic system of the double-row sugarcane transverse planter is designed aiming at the control sequence and speed of each hydraulic cylinder of the double-row sugarcane transverse planter, and is mainly connected with each part through a multi-way valve, so that orderly and reliable control of the opener lifting control loop, the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop and the earthing mechanism lifting control loop is achieved, the lifting sequence and speed of each part can be effectively controlled by the double-row sugarcane transverse planter, and meanwhile, the hydraulic system has the function of pressure maintaining, so that the reliability of system pressure stability is improved.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the opener lifting control circuit 400 includes a first opener lifting control circuit 401, a second opener lifting control circuit 402 and a one-way throttle valve 13, wherein an input port of the one-way throttle valve 13 is communicated with a first output port a of the multi-way valve 21, an output port of the one-way throttle valve 13 is respectively communicated with input ports of the first opener lifting control circuit 401 and the second opener lifting control circuit 402, and a first return port B of the multi-way valve 21 is communicated with an output port of the second opener lifting control circuit 402; the first furrow opener lifting control circuit 401 comprises two first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2, two first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, a first flow dividing and collecting valve 9 and a first two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 11, and the second furrow opener lifting control circuit 402 comprises two second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4, two second hydraulic locks 7 and 8, a second flow dividing and collecting valve 10 and a second two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve 12; wherein, the output port M of the one-way throttle valve 13 is communicated with the input port P of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, the first output port a of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 is communicated with the input port P of the second flow dividing and collecting valve 9, the output port A, B of the first flow dividing and collecting valve 9 is respectively communicated with the input ports C1 of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, the output port V1 of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6 is communicated with the input ports of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2, the second output port B of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 is communicated with the input port P of the second flow dividing and collecting valve 10, the output port A, B of the second flow dividing and collecting valve 10 is respectively communicated with the first input port C1 of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8, the output port V1 of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 is respectively communicated with the input ports of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4, the output ports V1 of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 are communicated with the recovery input ports V2 of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, and the second output ports C2 of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12; the output ports of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 are communicated with the recovery input ports V2 of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8, the recovery output ports C2 of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 are communicated with the second input port B of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12, and the output port P of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 is communicated with the first return port B of the multi-way valve 21.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary wheel lift control circuit 200 includes two third hydraulic cylinders 15, 16 and two third hydraulic locks 17, 18, wherein the input ports C1 of the two third hydraulic locks 17, 18 are respectively communicated with the second output port C of the multi-way valve 21, the first output ports V1 of the third hydraulic locks 17, 18 are respectively communicated with the input ports of the third hydraulic cylinders 15, 16, the output ports of the third hydraulic cylinders 15, 16 are communicated with the recovery input port V2 of the third hydraulic locks 17, 18, and the recovery output port C2 of the third hydraulic locks 17, 18 is communicated with the second return port D of the multi-way valve 21; the soil covering mechanism lifting control circuit 300 comprises two fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20, wherein input ports F 'of the two fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 are respectively communicated with a third output port E of the multi-way valve 21, and output ports E' of the fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 are communicated with a third return port F of the multi-way valve 21; in the invention, the type of the one-way throttle valve adopts a KC-04 throttle valve, the type of the flow dividing and collecting valve adopts a 3FJLK-L10-50H flow collecting valve, and the multi-way valve can be formed by multi-way parallel two-position six-way reversing valves for controlling the movement of a plurality of executing elements; the hydraulic locks are arranged on the hydraulic cylinders of the opener lifting control loop and the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop, so that the hydraulic cylinders with excessive external load are prevented from being automatically recovered, and a pressure maintaining effect is achieved on the hydraulic cylinders; meanwhile, the lifting control loop of the furrow opener is also provided with a parallel loop of the throttle valve and the one-way valve, so that the parallel loop has the functions of fast forward and fast backward, the influence on the furrow opener caused by too fast extension speed of the hydraulic cylinder during working is prevented, and the fast backward is beneficial to improving the working efficiency.
The working principle of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1, in which the oil pipes a ', B' in the furrow opener lifting control circuit 400 are connected to the A, B port of the multi-way valve 21, the oil pipes C ', D' in the auxiliary wheel lifting control circuit 200 are connected to the C, D port of the multi-way valve 21, and the oil pipes E ', F' in the soil covering mechanism lifting control circuit 300 are connected to the E, F port of the multi-way valve 21. The V1 port of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, the V1 port of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 and the V1 port of the third hydraulic locks 17 and 18 are respectively connected with rodless cavities of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2, the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 and the third hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16, the V2 port of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, the V2 port of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 and the V2 port of the third hydraulic locks 15 and 16 are connected with rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders, the C1 port of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6 is connected with the A, B port of the first flow dividing and collecting valve 9, the C2 port of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6 is connected with the A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12, the C1 port of the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 is connected with the B port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 10, the P port of the first flow dividing and collecting valve 9 is connected with the A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 11, the P port of the two-way electromagnetic valve 11 is connected with the B port of the two-way electromagnetic valve 11, the two-way electromagnetic valve 2 port of the two-way electromagnetic valve 2 is connected with the two-way electromagnetic valve 11 through the three-way valve B21' of the three-way valve B12, and the three-way valve B of the two-way valve B valve is connected with the two-way electromagnetic valve B21.
When the hydraulic system is started to work, firstly, the hydraulic cylinders of the auxiliary wheel mechanism of the auxiliary wheel lifting control circuit 200 extend, the hydraulic source 100 (hydraulic station) supplies oil to each circuit part through the multi-way valve 21, firstly, the multi-way valve 21 is opened to supply oil to the auxiliary wheel lifting control circuit 200, the multi-way valve 21 is manually positioned to the right, hydraulic oil flows out from an output port C of the multi-way valve 21, oil is supplied to rodless cavities of the second hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16 through the second hydraulic locks 17 and 18, and the two second hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16 extend rightward simultaneously; secondly, the hydraulic cylinder on the ditching mechanism of the ditcher lifting control loop 400 stretches out: then the multi-way valve 21 is opened to supply oil to the opener lifting control loop 400, the multi-way valve 21 supplies oil to the right by hand, hydraulic oil flows out from a first output port A of the multi-way valve 21 to an input port A' of the one-way throttle valve 13, flows to an input port P of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 through an output port M of the one-way throttle valve 13 (the one-way throttle valve has the function of decelerating during working), then flows through a first output port A of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, at the moment, Y1 of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 loses electricity (Y1 represents an electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic directional valve), the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 is at the right, at the moment, hydraulic oil is supplied to the second split-flow collecting valve 9 through a first output port A of the two-way three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, and then two paths of equal-flow hydraulic oil paths are split by an output port A, B of the second split-flow collecting valve 9, and simultaneously supply oil to rodless cavities of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 through the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, at the moment, the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 stretch out to the right;
meanwhile, the hydraulic oil with rod cavities of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 flows through an outlet C2 of the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6 through an outlet C2 of the rod cavities, then flows through an A port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12, at the moment, Y2 of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 is in a power-losing state, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 is positioned at the right position, the hydraulic oil is connected with a B port of the multi-way valve 21 through the A port of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 and flows back to the hydraulic source 100, the hydraulic source 100 (hydraulic station) comprises an oil tank 1001, an overflow valve 1002, a pressure gauge 1003, an oil pump 1004 and a motor 1005, the hydraulic station is also called a hydraulic pump station, the motor drives the oil pump to rotate, the oil pump absorbs oil from the oil tank, converts mechanical energy into pressure energy of the hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil is transmitted to an oil cylinder or an oil motor of the hydraulic machine through an external pipeline after being regulated by the hydraulic valve through an integrated block (or a valve), so that the change of direction, the strength and the speed of the hydraulic machine are controlled, and the speed of the hydraulic machine are pushed to work; the hydraulic station is used as an independent hydraulic device, supplies oil according to the requirement of a driving device (a main machine), controls the direction, pressure and flow of oil flow, is applicable to various hydraulic machines with the main machine and the hydraulic device being separable, and is characterized in that an oil pump 1004 is driven by a motor 1005 to rotate, the oil pump 1004 sucks oil from an oil tank 1001 and then pumps the oil, and mechanical energy is converted into pressure energy of hydraulic oil; the oil tank 1001, which is a semi-closed container welded with steel plates, is also provided with an oil filter screen, an air filter, etc., which is used for storing oil, cooling and filtering the oil. The motor 1005 and the oil pump 1004 (gear pump) provide driving force to the hydraulic system. Relief valve 1002- -preventing the entire hydraulic system from overpressure, equivalent to a relief valve, protects the oil pump and oil circuit system and keeps the pressure of the hydraulic system constant. The pressure gauge 1003 is used for displaying the working pressure of the hydraulic station, so as to facilitate the control of the oil pressure by an operator; at this time, when the lower hydraulic cylinder of the opener lifting control loop 400 extends, the Y1 of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 is electrified, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 is positioned at the left position, hydraulic oil flows out from the A port of the multi-way valve 21, flows in through the A' port of the one-way throttle valve 13 (the one-way throttle valve has the function of decelerating during working), flows through the port B of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, flows through the second flow dividing and collecting valve 10, and then flows out of two paths of hydraulic oil paths with the same flow through the port A, B of the second flow dividing and collecting valve 10, and simultaneously supplies oil to rodless cavities of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 through the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8;
at this time, the second hydraulic cylinders 3, 4 are simultaneously extended to the right; meanwhile, hydraulic oil with rod cavities of the third hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 is discharged through oil outlets of the rod cavities, flows through the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 and then passes through the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12, at the moment, Y2 of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 is in an electricity-obtaining state, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 is in a left position, and the hydraulic oil is connected with a port B of the multi-way valve 21 through a port B of the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 and flows back to the oil tank 1005; as shown in fig. 2, when the hydraulic rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 1 is extended, the upper swing arm 401a of the ditching mechanism in the entire first ditcher lift control circuit 401 is moved downward; when the hydraulic rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 3 is extended, the ditching mechanism lower swing arm 401b in the second ditcher lift control circuit 402 moves downward.
Hydraulic cylinders of the earth-covering mechanism lifting control circuit 300 extend: manually moving a multi-way valve 21 connected with the hydraulic cylinders to the right, wherein hydraulic oil flows out from a port E of the multi-way valve 21 and is directly communicated with rodless cavities of third hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20, and at the moment, the third hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 simultaneously extend to the right, and meanwhile, hydraulic oil in rod cavities of two third hydraulic cylinders flows out and directly flows back to an oil tank 1001 through connection with a port F of the multi-way valve 21;
secondly, when oil is returned, the hydraulic source 100 (hydraulic station) firstly supplies oil to the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop 300 through the multi-way valve 21, the multi-way valve 21 is manually reversed to the left position, hydraulic oil flows out from an F port of the multi-way valve 21 at the moment and directly flows into rod cavities of the third hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 of the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop 300, at the moment, the two hydraulic cylinders simultaneously move leftwards, and the third hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 shrink;
then the hydraulic cylinder of the furrow opener lifting control loop 400 is retracted, the multi-way valve 21 is manually commutated to the left position, meanwhile, the Y1 of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the Y2 of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 are electrified, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valves are positioned at the left position, hydraulic oil flows out from the port B of the multi-way valve 21, passes through the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 and then passes through the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8, finally, the hydraulic oil is introduced into rod cavities of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4, the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 are simultaneously retracted, meanwhile, the hydraulic oil without the rod cavities of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 passes through the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8 and then sequentially flows back to the second shunt current valve 10, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the one-way throttle valve 13, and finally flows back to the oil tank from the port A of the multi-way valve 21;
at this time, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valves 11 and 12 are powered off, the two electromagnetic directional valves are positioned at the right position, the multi-way valve 21 is manually positioned at the left position, hydraulic oil flows out from the port B of the multi-way valve 21, sequentially passes through the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 and the hydraulic locks 5 and 6 and finally flows into rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2, at this time, the two hydraulic cylinder rods move leftwards, and the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 are simultaneously retracted; simultaneously, hydraulic oil flows out from rodless cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2, sequentially passes through the hydraulic locks 5 and 6, the flow dividing and collecting valve 9, the two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the one-way throttle valve 13, and finally flows back to the oil return tank 1001 from the port A of the multi-way valve 21; finally, the auxiliary wheel mechanism hydraulic cylinder is retracted, the multi-way valve 21 is manually positioned to the left, hydraulic oil flows out from a port D of the multi-way valve, sequentially passes through the hydraulic locks 17 and 18 and then flows into the hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16 and flows into rod cavities of the two hydraulic cylinders, at the moment, the hydraulic cylinder rods move leftwards, and the two hydraulic cylinders are simultaneously retracted; simultaneously, hydraulic oil in rodless cavities of the two hydraulic cylinders flows back to the oil return tank 1001 from a port C of the multi-way valve through the hydraulic locks 17 and 18; thereby the auxiliary wheel hydraulic cylinder, the furrow opener hydraulic cylinder and the auxiliary mechanism hydraulic cylinder synchronously lift and ensure that the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop, the furrow opener lifting control loop and the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop act according to a specified sequence.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hydraulic control method for a double row sugarcane lateral planter, the hydraulic control method including the steps of hydraulic oil supply and hydraulic oil return, mainly comprising the steps of: the hydraulic oil supply comprises the steps of respectively providing hydraulic oil for the auxiliary wheel lifting control circuit 200, providing hydraulic oil for the furrow opener lifting control circuit 400 and providing hydraulic oil for the soil covering mechanism lifting control circuit 300; the hydraulic oil return comprises the steps of respectively recovering hydraulic oil to the furrow opener lifting control loop 400, recovering hydraulic oil from the earthing mechanism lifting control loop 300 and recovering hydraulic oil from the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop 200; the hydraulic oil supply comprises the following steps: when the hydraulic source 100 starts to supply hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the third hydraulic locks 17 and 18 through the multi-way valve 21, so that the third hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16 extend out, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop 200, so that the wheels on two sides of the auxiliary mechanism are lifted; then hydraulic oil is powered off through the one-way throttle valve 13, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12, at the moment, the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 are extended, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 are electrified, and the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 are extended, so that synchronous lifting actions of wheels on two sides of the opener lifting control loop 400 are controlled; when the hydraulic pressure 100 is started to supply hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 through the multi-way valve 21, so that the fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 extend, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the lifting control circuit 300 of the earthing mechanism, so that the wheels on two sides of the earthing mechanism perform lifting actions.
The hydraulic oil return step comprises the following steps: when returning oil, firstly, the hydraulic source 100 supplies oil to rod cavities of the fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 through the multi-way valve 21 and then returns, hydraulic oil in the rod cavities of the fourth hydraulic cylinders 19 and 20 returns to the hydraulic source 100 through the multi-way valve 21, so that the lifting control loop 300 of the earthing mechanism is subjected to oil return control, and wheels on two sides of the earthing mechanism are subjected to descending action; when the hydraulic source 100 supplies oil to the rod cavities of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 and the rod cavities of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4, the oil flows back, after the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 are electrically closed, hydraulic oil flows out from the port B of the multi-way valve 21, passes through the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, the hydraulic locks 7 and 8, the rod cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4, the hydraulic locks 7 and 8, the second flow dividing and collecting valve 10, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the one-way throttle valve 13, and then flows back to the oil tank 1001 through the port A of the multi-way valve 21, and the hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 are retracted; after the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11 and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 are in power failure and disconnection, hydraulic oil supplied by rod cavities of the first hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 flows back into an oil tank 1001 in the hydraulic source 100 through the first hydraulic locks 5 and 6, the first flow dividing and collecting valve 9, the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, the one-way throttle valve 13 and the multi-way valve 21, hydraulic oil in rod cavities of the second hydraulic cylinders 3 and 4 flows back into the oil tank 1001 in the hydraulic source 100 through the second hydraulic locks 7 and 8, the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 12 and the multi-way valve 21, and the hydraulic cylinders 1 and 2 are retracted, so that oil return control is carried out on the lifting control loop 400 of the furrow opener, and the wheels on two sides of the furrow opener are subjected to synchronous descending action; when the hydraulic source 100 supplies oil to the rod cavities of the third hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16 through the multi-way valve 21, the hydraulic oil in the rod cavities of the third hydraulic cylinders 15 and 16 flows back to the oil tank 1001 in the hydraulic source 100 through the third hydraulic locks 17 and 18 and the multi-way valve 21, so that the oil return control is performed on the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop 200, and the wheels on two sides of the auxiliary mechanism are subjected to descending operation. Therefore, by controlling the hydraulic cylinders of the respective circuits to operate in a predetermined sequence, the hydraulic cylinders of the auxiliary wheel lifting control circuit 200, the earthing mechanism lifting control circuit 300, the furrow opener lifting control circuit 400 and other components can be controlled to stretch, speed and pressure maintaining according to the operation requirements, so that the lifting sequence and speed of each part can be effectively controlled by the double-row sugarcane transverse planter, and meanwhile, the pressure maintaining function is realized, so that the reliability of the system pressure stability is improved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A hydraulic control method for a double-row sugarcane transverse planter is characterized by comprising the following steps: the hydraulic system comprises a hydraulic source (100), an auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200), a soil covering mechanism lifting control loop (300) and a furrow opener lifting control loop (400), wherein the hydraulic source (100) is used for supplying oil to each part loop, the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200) is used for controlling lifting operation of wheels on two sides of the auxiliary mechanism, the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop (300) is used for controlling lifting action of the wheels on two sides of the soil covering mechanism, the furrow opener lifting control loop (400) is used for controlling synchronous lifting action of the wheels on two sides of the furrow opener, and an output loop of the hydraulic source (100) is respectively communicated with the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200), the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop (300) and the furrow opener lifting control loop (400) through a multi-way valve (21);
the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200) comprises two third hydraulic cylinders (15, 16) and two third hydraulic locks (17, 18), wherein the input ports of the two third hydraulic locks (17, 18) are respectively communicated with the second output port of the multi-way valve (21), the first output ports of the third hydraulic locks (17, 18) are respectively communicated with the input ports of the third hydraulic cylinders (15, 16), the output ports of the third hydraulic cylinders (15, 16) are communicated with the recovery input ports of the third hydraulic locks (17, 18), and the recovery output ports of the third hydraulic locks (17, 18) are communicated with the second reflux port of the multi-way valve (21);
the earthing mechanism lifting control loop (300) comprises two fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20), the input ports of the two fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20) are respectively communicated with the third output port of the multi-way valve (21), and the output ports of the fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20) are communicated with the third return port of the multi-way valve (21)
The hydraulic control method comprises the steps of hydraulic oil supply and hydraulic oil return, and mainly comprises the following steps: the hydraulic oil supply comprises the steps of respectively providing hydraulic oil for the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200), providing hydraulic oil for the furrow opener lifting control loop (400) and providing hydraulic oil for the earthing mechanism lifting control loop (300); the hydraulic oil return comprises the steps of respectively recovering hydraulic oil to the furrow opener lifting control loop (400), recovering hydraulic oil from the earthing mechanism lifting control loop (300) and recovering hydraulic oil from the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200);
the hydraulic oil supply comprises the following steps: when the hydraulic source (100) starts to supply hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is firstly supplied to the third hydraulic locks (17, 18) through the multi-way valve (21) to enable the third hydraulic cylinders (15, 16) to extend out, so that the hydraulic oil is supplied to the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200); then, a hydraulic source (100) supplies oil to the ditching mechanism through a multi-way valve (21), when hydraulic oil passes through a one-way throttle valve (13), the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12) are powered off, and at the moment, the first hydraulic cylinders (1, 2) are extended; then the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12) are electrified to enable the second hydraulic cylinders (3, 4) to extend out, so that synchronous lifting actions of wheels on two sides of the furrow opener lifting control loop (400) are controlled; when the hydraulic source (100) is started to supply hydraulic oil, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20) through the multi-way valve (21), so that the fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20) extend out, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the soil covering mechanism lifting control loop (300).
2. A hydraulic control method for a double row sugarcane lateral planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a multi-way valve, including furrow opener lift control circuit (400), furrow opener lift control circuit (401), second furrow opener lift control circuit (402) and one-way choke valve (13), the input port of this one-way choke valve (13) with the first delivery outlet intercommunication of multi-way valve (21), the delivery outlet of one-way choke valve (13) respectively with the input port intercommunication of first furrow opener lift control circuit (401) and second furrow opener lift control circuit (402), the first return port of multi-way valve (21) with the delivery outlet intercommunication of second furrow opener lift control circuit (402).
3. A hydraulic control method for a double row sugarcane lateral planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first furrow opener lifting control loop (401) comprises two first hydraulic cylinders (1, 2), two first hydraulic locks (5, 6), a first flow dividing and collecting valve (9) and a first two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve (11), and the second furrow opener lifting control loop (402) comprises two second hydraulic cylinders (3, 4), two second hydraulic locks (7, 8), a second flow dividing and collecting valve (10) and a second two-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve (12); the output port of the one-way throttle valve (13) is communicated with the input port of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11), the first output port of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) is communicated with the input port of the first flow distribution and collection valve (9), the output port of the first flow distribution and collection valve (9) is respectively communicated with the first input port of the first hydraulic lock (5, 6), the output port of the first hydraulic lock (5, 6) is communicated with the input port of the first hydraulic cylinder (1, 2), the second output port of the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) is communicated with the input port of the second flow distribution and collection valve (10), the output port of the second flow distribution and collection valve (10) is respectively communicated with the first input port of the second hydraulic lock (7, 8), and the output port of the second hydraulic lock (7, 8) is respectively communicated with the input port of the second hydraulic cylinder (3, 4); the output port of the first hydraulic cylinder (1, 2) is communicated with the recovery input port of the first hydraulic lock (5, 6), and the recovery output port of the first hydraulic lock (5, 6) is communicated with the first input port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12); the output port of the second hydraulic cylinder (3, 4) is communicated with the recovery input port of the second hydraulic lock (7, 8), the recovery output port of the second hydraulic lock (7, 8) is communicated with the second input port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12), and the output port of the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12) is communicated with the first backflow port of the multi-way valve (21).
4. A hydraulic control method for a double row sugarcane lateral planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic oil return comprises the following steps: during oil return, firstly, hydraulic oil in a hydraulic source (100) is supplied to fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20) through a multi-way valve (21) and then flows back, and hydraulic oil in the fourth hydraulic cylinders (19, 20) flows back to the hydraulic source (100) through the multi-way valve (21), so that oil return control is carried out on a lifting control loop (300) of the earthing mechanism; then, the hydraulic source (100) supplies oil to the ditching mechanism part through the multi-way valve (21) to retract the hydraulic cylinder; at the moment, after the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12) are electrically closed, hydraulic oil sequentially passes through the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12), the second hydraulic locks (7, 8), the second hydraulic cylinders (3, 4), the second hydraulic locks (7, 8), the second shunt collecting valve (10), the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) and the one-way throttle valve (13), and returns the hydraulic oil to the oil tank (1001), so that the retraction action of the second hydraulic cylinders (3, 4) is completed; after the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) and the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12) are powered off and disconnected, hydraulic oil passes through the second two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (12), the first hydraulic locks (5, 6), the first hydraulic cylinders (1, 2), the first hydraulic locks (5, 6), the first flow dividing and collecting valve (9), the first two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve (11) and the one-way throttle valve (13), and then the hydraulic oil flows back to the oil tank (1001), so that the retraction action of the first hydraulic cylinders (1, 2) is completed; finally, the hydraulic source (100) is fed into the third hydraulic cylinders (15, 16) through the multi-way valve (21) and then flows back, and hydraulic oil in the third hydraulic cylinders (15, 16) flows back to the hydraulic source (100) through the third hydraulic locks (17, 18) and the multi-way valve (21), so that oil return control is performed on the auxiliary wheel lifting control loop (200).
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