CN110094944B - Batch microwave grain dryer and drying method - Google Patents
Batch microwave grain dryer and drying method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110094944B CN110094944B CN201910375035.6A CN201910375035A CN110094944B CN 110094944 B CN110094944 B CN 110094944B CN 201910375035 A CN201910375035 A CN 201910375035A CN 110094944 B CN110094944 B CN 110094944B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grain
- microwave
- drying
- grains
- microwave heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 159
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a batch microwave grain dryer and a drying method, which are provided with a grain elevator, wherein a tempering bin, a drying chamber, a collecting chamber and a microwave heating device which are communicated with each other are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the drying chamber is used for drying and dehumidifying grains, and the microwave heating device is used for heating grains by microwaves; the discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator is communicated with the tempering bin, and the discharge hole of the microwave heating device is communicated with the feed hole at the lower end of the grain elevator. According to the invention, according to the temperature and the moisture of the grain, the grain discharging speed, the microwave heating radiation frequency and the temperature and the humidity of hot air in the drying chamber are controlled, so that variable-temperature and variable-frequency drying is realized, and the drying efficiency of the grain is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a batch microwave grain dryer and a drying method.
Background
The microwave is an electromagnetic wave with the frequency ranging from 300MHz to 300GHz, the direction and the size of the electromagnetic wave are periodically changed along with the time, and the electromagnetic wave has penetrability. It has the characteristics of high frequency, short wavelength and high frequency. Microwave heating utilizes the principle of dielectric loss. Since water is a substance that strongly absorbs microwaves, the loss factor of water is much greater than that of dry matter. In a strong microwave field, the moisture in the heated material can move violently along with the absorption of microwave energy, a large amount of heat energy is generated due to the high-speed collision of the violent movement, and a large amount of heat energy required by the transpiration of the moisture is supplied, so that the temperature of the heated material rises rapidly, and the moisture is removed. The traditional microwave drying is only applied to the drying of cash crops, the field of grain drying is not popular, and the microwave drying is matched with different drying processes aiming at different grains. The traditional microwave drying process is to directly dry materials by adding a microwave heating device in a drying chamber, so that the microwave drying process has low microwave utilization rate, low drying efficiency and unreasonable structural matching, is easy to cause high local microwave radiation intensity, causes overhigh local temperature to form carbonization or ignition risk, further increases the waist bursting rate of grains due to overhigh drying temperature, reduces the grain drying quality, damages the nutrient components of the grains and is not suitable for industrial application.
The most relevant prior art related to the invention is a 'grain drying device' (patent number 201710035017.4) patent, the microwave transmitting antenna is directly arranged in the drying chamber, the defects of the microwave drying device are that the occupied space of the structure is large, the drying ventilation area is small, grains are immediately ventilated and dried after being heated by microwaves, the drying efficiency is low, the drying gas enters the drying chamber from the natural gas in the outdoor environment to be ventilated and dried, the drying efficiency is greatly influenced by the environmental temperature and humidity, particularly in autumn and winter, the drying efficiency is rapidly reduced, and the grains cannot be dried normally. The above factors directly lead to low drying efficiency of the grains, and are not suitable for industrial application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a batch microwave grain dryer and a drying method, which can effectively improve the drying efficiency of grains.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention has two independent technical schemes:
1. a batch type microwave grain drier is provided with a grain lifter, and is characterized in that: the grain drying device is characterized in that a tempering bin, a drying chamber, a collecting chamber and a microwave heating device which are communicated with each other are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the drying chamber is used for drying and dehumidifying grains, and the microwave heating device is used for heating grains by microwaves; the discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator is communicated with the tempering bin, and the discharge hole of the microwave heating device is communicated with the feed hole at the lower end of the grain elevator.
Further, the drying chamber is provided with a hot air channel, an air outlet of the hot air channel is positioned in the drying chamber, and an air inlet of the hot air channel is externally connected with a heat source; the drying chamber is provided with a dehumidifying fan and a dehumidifying air outlet correspondingly.
Further, a grain discharging wheel is arranged in the collecting chamber and is used for pushing grains in the collecting chamber to move downwards.
Further, the microwave heating device comprises a collecting hopper, a microwave heater and a grain conveyor belt which is horizontally arranged, the microwave heater is positioned above the grain conveyor belt, a feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the collecting chamber, the discharge outlet of the collecting hopper is connected with the feed end of the grain conveyor belt, and the discharge end of the grain conveyor belt is communicated with the feed inlet at the lower end of the grain elevator through a material collecting box.
Further, 1 group, 2 groups or a plurality of groups of microwave heating devices are arranged.
Further, the microwave heating device comprises a uniform material adjusting device, wherein the uniform material adjusting device is used for adjusting the height of grains on the grain conveyor belt, the uniform material adjusting device is positioned below the collecting hopper, a feeding port of the uniform material adjusting device is communicated with a discharging port at the lower part of the collecting hopper, and the discharging port of the uniform material adjusting device is connected with a feeding end of the grain conveyor belt; the material equalizing regulating device is provided with a plugboard type regulating valve.
Further, the feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper of the microwave heating device is a reducing feed inlet.
Further, a microwave reflecting plate is arranged below the grain conveyor belt of the microwave heating device.
Further, a hot air channel of the drying chamber is provided with a hot air temperature sensor and a hot air humidity sensor, a grain temperature sensor is arranged above the grain discharge wheel of the collecting chamber, a grain moisture detection sensor is arranged at a feed inlet of the lower end of the grain elevator, the hot air temperature sensor, the hot air humidity sensor, the grain temperature sensor and the grain moisture detection sensor are connected with a signal input end of a central control unit, and a signal output end of the central control unit is connected with an elevator control unit, a heat source control unit, a microwave source control unit, a grain discharge wheel driving control unit and a grain conveyor belt driving control unit.
Further, a discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator is provided with an upper auger, and the upper auger is provided with a distributor.
2. The drying method of the batch microwave grain dryer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: drying and dehumidifying grains in a drying chamber by hot air, and then entering a microwave heating device through a collecting chamber;
step 2: microwave heating is carried out on grains in a microwave heating device, and then grains enter a tempering bin through a grain lifting machine;
step 2: tempering grains in a tempering bin, and then entering a drying chamber;
repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the grain moisture reaches the drying requirement.
Further, according to the temperature of the grain and the moisture of the grain, the grain discharging speed, the microwave heating radiation frequency, the temperature and the humidity of hot air in the drying chamber are controlled.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is provided with a tempering bin, a drying chamber, a collecting chamber and a microwave heating device which are communicated with each other from top to bottom, wherein a discharge hole at the upper end of a grain elevator is communicated with the tempering bin, and a discharge hole of the microwave heating device is communicated with a feed hole at the lower end of the grain elevator. The drying chamber and the microwave heating device are arranged separately, and grains are dried after being heated by the microwave heating device and then being threshed by the threshed bin. The grains are put into a buffer Su Cangzhong for heat preservation for a period of time, so that the moisture in the grains is diffused to the surface, the moisture gradient in the grains is reduced, and then the grains are dried, so that the waist bursting rate of the grains can be effectively reduced. The invention combines the hot air drying and the microwave heating to ensure the drying quality in the grain drying process, can improve the drying efficiency by more than 50 percent compared with the traditional drying method, greatly shortens the drying time, improves the grain drying efficiency, obviously improves the daily treatment capacity of a single grain, and is more suitable for industrial application. The invention is especially suitable for drying grains which are difficult to dry, such as grain crops of rice, wheat and the like.
The microwave heating device comprises a collecting hopper, a microwave heater and a grain conveyor belt which is horizontally arranged, wherein the microwave heater is positioned above the grain conveyor belt, a feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of a collecting chamber, the discharge outlet of the collecting hopper is connected with a feed end of the grain conveyor belt, and the discharge end of the grain conveyor belt is communicated with a feed inlet at the lower end of a grain elevator through a material collecting box. In the drying process, grains and the conveyor belt move simultaneously, so that the phenomenon of local grain accumulation is not easy to cause, the risk of excessive heating of grains is greatly reduced, the conveying bearing plane of the conveyor belt is designed to be planar, the grains are distributed more uniformly, and the overall structural design is diversified and intelligent. The microwave heating device has simple and reasonable structural design, uniform radiation heating and effective reduction of grain breakage rate increment.
The microwave heating device comprises a uniform material adjusting device, wherein the uniform material adjusting device is positioned below a collecting hopper and is provided with a plugboard type adjusting valve, a feeding port of the uniform material adjusting device is communicated with a discharging port at the lower part of the collecting hopper, and the discharging port of the uniform material adjusting device is connected with a feeding end of a grain conveying belt; according to the invention, the height of grains on the grain conveyor belt can be adjusted through the material-equalizing adjusting device, so that the radiation heating of the grains is more convenient. The feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper of the microwave heating device is a reducing feed inlet, and can be suitable for feeding different types of grains. The microwave reflecting plate is arranged below the grain conveyor belt of the microwave heating device, so that the electric field distribution of grains can be disturbed, the distribution of strong and weak fields is balanced, and the microwave radiation heating effect is ensured.
The hot air channel of the drying chamber is provided with a hot air temperature sensor and a hot air humidity sensor, a grain temperature sensor is arranged above a grain discharge wheel of the collecting chamber, a grain moisture detection sensor is arranged at a feed inlet at the lower end of a grain elevator, the hot air temperature sensor, the hot air humidity sensor, the grain temperature sensor and the grain moisture detection sensor are connected with a signal input end of a central control unit, and a signal output end of the central control unit is connected with an elevator control unit, a heat source control unit, a microwave source control unit, a grain discharge wheel driving control unit and a grain conveyor belt driving control unit. According to the invention, the central control unit can regulate and control the grain discharging speed (namely control tempering time and drying time), the microwave heating radiation frequency and the temperature and humidity of hot air in the drying chamber according to the current grain temperature and grain moisture, so that variable-frequency and variable-temperature drying is realized, energy is saved in the drying process, and efficient drying can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a batch microwave grain dryer according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the microwave heating device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a microwave heating device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electrical control of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a grain drying process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the present invention, and functional, method, or structural equivalents and alternatives according to the embodiments are within the scope of protection of the present invention by those skilled in the art.
Embodiment one:
batch microwave grain drier
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a grain elevator 7 is provided, and a tempering bin 5, a drying chamber 4, a collecting chamber 3 and a microwave heating device 2 which are communicated with each other are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the drying chamber 4 is used for drying and dehumidifying grains, and the microwave heating device 2 is used for microwave heating grains. The discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator 2 is communicated with a tempering bin 5. The upper and lower parts of the tempering bin are respectively provided with a level gauge and a height level gauge, and the grain volume change in the bin is respectively monitored in the drying process. In the implementation process, a discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator is provided with an upper auger 6, and the upper auger 6 is provided with a spiral auger, an even distributor and an electric grain discharging device. The discharge port of the microwave heating device 2 is communicated with the feed port at the lower end of the grain elevator 2 through a material collecting box 9, and the material collecting box 9 is connected with a dust removing box 18. The drying chamber 4 is provided with a hot air channel 10, an air outlet of the hot air channel 10 is positioned in the drying chamber 4, and an air inlet of the hot air channel 10 is externally connected with a heat source 11; the drying chamber 4 is provided with an inclined flow type dehumidification fan, and a dehumidification air outlet is correspondingly arranged and connected with a dust remover 8. The hot air for drying is provided by a matched heat source, so that the requirements of the humidity, the temperature and the air quantity of the hot air are met, and the high-efficiency dehumidification and drying of the drying chamber are ensured. The grain discharging wheel 12 is arranged in the collecting chamber 3, and the grain discharging wheel 12 is used for pushing grains in the collecting chamber 3 to move downwards. The grain discharging wheel 12 is formed by adopting six-blade butt welding, and a plurality of groups of grain discharging wheels are longitudinally arranged to uniformly discharge grains downwards out of the collecting chamber.
The hot air channel of the drying chamber is provided with a hot air temperature sensor and a hot air humidity sensor, the grain temperature sensor is arranged above the grain discharging wheel of the collecting chamber, and the grain moisture detection sensor is arranged at the feed inlet of the lower end of the grain elevator. As shown in fig. 4, the hot air temperature sensor, the hot air humidity sensor, the grain temperature sensor and the grain moisture detection sensor are connected with the signal input end of the central control unit 1, and the signal output end of the central control unit 1 is connected with the elevator control unit, the heat source control unit, the microwave source control unit, the grain discharge wheel drive control unit and the grain conveyor belt drive control unit.
Embodiment two:
batch microwave grain drier
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the structure of the microwave heating device. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the microwave heating device comprises a collecting hopper 13, a microwave heater 14 and a grain conveyor belt 15 horizontally arranged, wherein the microwave heater 14 is positioned above the grain conveyor belt 15, a feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper 13 is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the collecting chamber 3, the discharge outlet of the collecting hopper 13 is connected with a feed end of the grain conveyor belt 15, and the discharge end of the grain conveyor belt 15 is communicated with a feed inlet at the lower end of the grain elevator 7 through a material collecting box 9. The microwave heater 14 is composed of a radiation box, a waveguide and a horn-shaped transmitting antenna, wherein the waveguide and the transmitting antenna are positioned in the radiation box, the waveguide is connected with a microwave source through a microwave transmission pipeline 16, and the microwave transmission pipeline 16 is provided with a microwave leakage and frequency detection device. The microwave transmission pipeline 16 is fixed to a base bracket 21 by a boom 20. There are 1, 2 or more sets of microwave heating devices, in this embodiment 2 sets of microwave heating devices are provided. The microwave heating device comprises a uniform material adjusting device 17, wherein the uniform material adjusting device 17 is used for adjusting the height of grains on a grain conveyor belt, the uniform material adjusting device 17 is positioned below the collecting hopper 13, a feeding port of the uniform material adjusting device 17 is communicated with a discharging port at the lower part of the collecting hopper 13, and a discharging port of the uniform material adjusting device 17 is connected with a feeding end of the grain conveyor belt 15; the uniform material adjusting device 17 is provided with a plugboard type adjusting valve, and the size of a discharging caliber can be changed by adjusting the height of the drop of the plugboard, so that the height of a grain layer of grains is adjusted, and the requirements of different grain heating states are met. The average material adjusting device 17 is provided with a transparent observation port, and can observe the layer thickness accumulation state of grains in real time.
The feed inlet 22 at the top of the collection hopper of the microwave heating device is a deflection reducing feed inlet, namely, the sliding plate 23 at the top can slide, so that the size of the feed inlet 22 is adjusted, and a plurality of groups of grain discharge outlets can be matched. The grain conveyer belt 15 adopts the welding shaping of teflon belt, and is furnished with automatic belt tensioning device, and grain conveyer belt 15 passes through cylinder 19 and drives, and the below of grain conveyer belt 15 is equipped with the microwave reflecting plate. The striker plates 24 are arranged on two sides of the grain conveyor belt 15, the striker plates 24 are formed by welding plates, are fixedly connected with the base support 21, are tightly matched with the grain conveyor belt 15, and are fixed at the joint through pressing grooves, so that the tightness is ensured. The microwave bracket 25 is formed by welding sectional materials, penetrates through the base bracket 21, is provided with a belt supporting plate and a microwave reflecting plate at the upper part of the microwave bracket 25, the supporting plate is made of high polymer materials, and the microwave reflecting plate can disturb the electric field distribution of grains so as to balance the distribution of strong and weak fields, ensure the microwave radiation heating effect, uniformly reflect penetrating microwaves by adopting computer microwave radiation simulation, avoid local overheating, generate uneven heating or potential safety hazards and the like. The two ends of the microwave bracket 25 are respectively provided with a driving wheel (roller) and a driven wheel, the driving wheel drives the belt to run under the action of power, the surface of the driving wheel adopts a glue coating mode, and the glue coating surface is printed with staggered patterns, so that the friction force in the transmission of the driving wheel is increased.
Embodiment III:
drying method based on batch microwave grain dryer
Wet grains enter from a feed inlet of the grain elevator, and are circularly dried. As shown in fig. 5, the drying method includes the steps of:
step 1: drying and dehumidifying grains in a drying chamber by hot air, and enabling the grains to enter a microwave heating device through a collecting chamber under the action of a grain discharging wheel in the collecting chamber;
step 2: the grain is heated by microwaves in the microwave heating device, the interior and the exterior of the grain are heated uniformly at the same time, the internal moisture transfer rate is accelerated, and then the grain enters a tempering bin through a grain lifter;
step 3: tempering grains in a tempering bin, and fully transferring water in the grains to the outside in the tempering bin and then entering a drying chamber; the tempering time is not less than 5 times of the hot air drying time, and the tempering time and the drying time are controlled by the grain discharging speed of the grain discharging wheel.
And (3) repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the grain moisture reaches the drying requirement, and automatically stopping the machine.
The central control unit adopts PLC intelligent control, and the central control unit controls grain discharging speed, microwave heating radiation frequency, and temperature and humidity of hot air in the drying chamber according to grain temperature and grain moisture, so as to realize variable-temperature and variable-frequency drying. In the drying process, the central control unit automatically detects and analyzes the moisture value, the grain temperature, the hot air humidity and the like of grains, and through the PLC control system, the frequency of microwaves, the temperature and the humidity of hot air in a drying chamber, the transmission speed of a grain conveyor belt and the most reasonable intelligent matching drying efficiency are adjusted in real time according to the moisture values of grains in different time periods, so that the quality requirements of the grain drying process are ensured.
The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. A batch type microwave grain drier is provided with a grain lifter, and is characterized in that: the grain drying device is characterized in that a tempering bin, a drying chamber, a collecting chamber and a microwave heating device which are communicated with each other are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the drying chamber is used for drying and dehumidifying grains, and the microwave heating device is used for heating grains by microwaves; a discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator is communicated with the tempering bin, and a discharge hole of the microwave heating device is communicated with a feed hole at the lower end of the grain elevator;
the drying chamber is provided with a hot air channel, an air outlet of the hot air channel is positioned in the drying chamber, and an air inlet of the hot air channel is externally connected with a heat source; the drying chamber is provided with a dehumidifying fan and a dehumidifying air outlet correspondingly;
the microwave heating device comprises a collecting hopper, a microwave heater and a grain conveyor belt which is horizontally arranged, the microwave heater is positioned above the grain conveyor belt, a feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper is communicated with a discharge outlet at the bottom of the collecting chamber, the discharge outlet of the collecting hopper is connected with the feed end of the grain conveyor belt, and the discharge end of the grain conveyor belt is communicated with the feed inlet at the lower end of the grain elevator through a material collecting box;
the hot air channel of the drying chamber is provided with a hot air temperature sensor and a hot air humidity sensor, a grain temperature sensor is arranged above the grain discharge wheel of the collecting chamber, a grain moisture detection sensor is arranged at the feed inlet of the lower end of the grain elevator, the hot air temperature sensor, the hot air humidity sensor, the grain temperature sensor and the grain moisture detection sensor are connected with the signal input end of the central control unit, and the signal output end of the central control unit is connected with the elevator control unit, the heat source control unit, the microwave source control unit, the grain discharge wheel drive control unit and the grain conveyor belt drive control unit.
2. The batch microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: the grain discharging wheel is arranged in the collecting chamber and is used for pushing grains in the collecting chamber to move downwards.
3. The batch microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: the microwave heating device comprises a uniform material adjusting device, wherein the uniform material adjusting device is used for adjusting the height of grains on the grain conveyor belt, the uniform material adjusting device is positioned below the collecting hopper, a feeding port of the uniform material adjusting device is communicated with a discharging port at the lower part of the collecting hopper, and the discharging port of the uniform material adjusting device is connected with a feeding end of the grain conveyor belt; the material equalizing regulating device is provided with a plugboard type regulating valve.
4. A batch microwave grain dryer as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and 1 group, 2 groups or a plurality of groups of microwave heating devices are arranged.
5. The batch microwave grain dryer of claim 4, wherein: the feed inlet at the top of the collecting hopper of the microwave heating device is a reducing feed inlet.
6. The batch microwave grain dryer of claim 5, wherein: and a microwave reflecting plate is arranged below the grain conveyor belt of the microwave heating device.
7. The batch microwave grain dryer of claim 1, wherein: the discharge hole at the upper end of the grain elevator is provided with an upper auger, and the upper auger is provided with an even distributor.
8. A method of drying a batch microwave grain dryer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1: drying and dehumidifying grains in a drying chamber by hot air, and then entering a microwave heating device through a collecting chamber;
step 2: microwave heating is carried out on grains in a microwave heating device, and then grains enter a tempering bin through a grain lifting machine;
step 3: tempering grains in a tempering bin, and then entering a drying chamber;
repeating the steps 1 to 3 until the grain moisture reaches the drying requirement.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: according to the temperature of the grain and the moisture of the grain, the grain discharging speed, the microwave heating radiation frequency, and the temperature and the humidity of hot air in the drying chamber are controlled.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910375035.6A CN110094944B (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Batch microwave grain dryer and drying method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910375035.6A CN110094944B (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Batch microwave grain dryer and drying method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110094944A CN110094944A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
| CN110094944B true CN110094944B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
Family
ID=67447144
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910375035.6A Active CN110094944B (en) | 2019-05-07 | 2019-05-07 | Batch microwave grain dryer and drying method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110094944B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110567258A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-12-13 | 南昌大学 | movable rice drying equipment based on microwave and hot air combined drying process |
| DE102020105340B3 (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-04-08 | Zahoransky Automation & Molds GmbH | Device and method for drying dialysis filters |
| CN113340094B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-07-22 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | Remote monitoring method for batch grain drying operation amount |
| CN115046368A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-13 | 武汉轻工大学 | Grain drying equipment combined with microwave sound waves and drying method thereof |
| CN115406212A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-11-29 | 中南林业科技大学 | Device and method for drying grains by combining microwave and heat pump |
Citations (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001327857A (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Microwave drying device |
| GB0423911D0 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2004-12-01 | S M C Srl | Continuous, multistage evaporator-dessicator tower, with chambers heated by microwave devices for the treatment in an atmospheric environment |
| CN2781298Y (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-05-17 | 巴武江 | Multi-pipe microwave drying machine for grain |
| CN1996175A (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2007-07-11 | 辽宁省粮食科学研究所 | Corn drying prediction control system and method based on fuzzy-neural network |
| RU84520U1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2009-07-10 | ООО "Аграрные сверхвысокочастотные технологии" (ООО "АСТ") | INSTALLATION FOR DRYING GRAIN MATERIAL |
| CN103363790A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-10-23 | 河南省德耀节能科技有限公司 | Dual heat source vertical type dryer and drying system using same |
| CN103900370A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-02 | 山东泗水冠峰粮食机械有限公司 | Microwave heating tunnel drying case |
| CN104336171A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 程长青 | Vacuum grain drying tower |
| CN105180632A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2015-12-23 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Drier temperature control method and drier system |
| CN105285091A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-02-03 | 武汉轻工大学 | Grain continuous drying machine and grain continuous drying method |
| CN205580099U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-09-14 | 石强 | Rice dryer |
| CN105972948A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | Multistage seed drying device |
| CN106871577A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏麦克威微波技术有限公司 | A kind of microwave material drying device and microwave material drying means |
| WO2017126498A1 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社クボタ | Drier and measurement device for drier |
| CN108477297A (en) * | 2018-07-08 | 2018-09-04 | 芜湖长启炉业有限公司 | A kind of novel reciprocating type foodstuff drying device |
| RU2679698C1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-02-12 | Михаил Иванович Голубенко | Grain in the air flow active ventilation bunkers drying method |
| CN208688215U (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-04-02 | 铁岭凯瑞烘干设备有限公司 | A kind of Two-way Cycle rice drying tower |
| CN209840591U (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-12-24 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Batch type microwave grain dryer |
-
2019
- 2019-05-07 CN CN201910375035.6A patent/CN110094944B/en active Active
Patent Citations (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001327857A (en) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Microwave drying device |
| GB0423911D0 (en) * | 2004-10-28 | 2004-12-01 | S M C Srl | Continuous, multistage evaporator-dessicator tower, with chambers heated by microwave devices for the treatment in an atmospheric environment |
| CN2781298Y (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-05-17 | 巴武江 | Multi-pipe microwave drying machine for grain |
| CN1996175A (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2007-07-11 | 辽宁省粮食科学研究所 | Corn drying prediction control system and method based on fuzzy-neural network |
| RU84520U1 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2009-07-10 | ООО "Аграрные сверхвысокочастотные технологии" (ООО "АСТ") | INSTALLATION FOR DRYING GRAIN MATERIAL |
| CN103363790A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2013-10-23 | 河南省德耀节能科技有限公司 | Dual heat source vertical type dryer and drying system using same |
| CN104336171A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-02-11 | 程长青 | Vacuum grain drying tower |
| CN103900370A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-02 | 山东泗水冠峰粮食机械有限公司 | Microwave heating tunnel drying case |
| CN105285091A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-02-03 | 武汉轻工大学 | Grain continuous drying machine and grain continuous drying method |
| CN105180632A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2015-12-23 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Drier temperature control method and drier system |
| WO2017126498A1 (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社クボタ | Drier and measurement device for drier |
| CN108369064A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2018-08-03 | 株式会社久保田 | Drying machine and drying machine measuring device |
| CN205580099U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-09-14 | 石强 | Rice dryer |
| CN105972948A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-28 | 哈尔滨尼亚农业有限公司 | Multistage seed drying device |
| CN106871577A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏麦克威微波技术有限公司 | A kind of microwave material drying device and microwave material drying means |
| RU2679698C1 (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2019-02-12 | Михаил Иванович Голубенко | Grain in the air flow active ventilation bunkers drying method |
| CN108477297A (en) * | 2018-07-08 | 2018-09-04 | 芜湖长启炉业有限公司 | A kind of novel reciprocating type foodstuff drying device |
| CN208688215U (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-04-02 | 铁岭凯瑞烘干设备有限公司 | A kind of Two-way Cycle rice drying tower |
| CN209840591U (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-12-24 | 中联重机股份有限公司 | Batch type microwave grain dryer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110094944A (en) | 2019-08-06 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110094944B (en) | Batch microwave grain dryer and drying method | |
| CN105605903B (en) | A kind of small-sized household crop dryer | |
| CN106871577B (en) | Microwave material drying device and microwave material drying method | |
| CN104180627A (en) | Multi-section intermittent microwave hot-air coupling drying equipment | |
| CN101581534A (en) | Continuous-type microwave hot air combined drying equipment | |
| CN207721061U (en) | A kind of energy-saving continuous tunnel furnace of food-baking | |
| WO2023035588A1 (en) | Efficient energy-saving mud drying apparatus | |
| CN111928633A (en) | High-efficiency adjustable grid plate type far infrared drying device | |
| CN101836674A (en) | Microwave-assisted heating combined belt type drier | |
| CN202032847U (en) | Belt type dryer | |
| CN104146209A (en) | Energy-saving type automatic control multi-room rice flour dryer | |
| CN209840591U (en) | Batch type microwave grain dryer | |
| CN210128597U (en) | Intelligent drying device for pharmacy | |
| CN106766689A (en) | A kind of microwave material drying device | |
| KR101797431B1 (en) | Multi-Pass Continuous type High-moisture waste and biomass dryer | |
| CN216347648U (en) | Asphalt mixture heating and drying equipment | |
| CN108844351A (en) | A kind of band drier for reforming hydrogenation catalyst production | |
| CN109258802A (en) | A kind of tower grain three-stage drying is mechanical | |
| KR101621474B1 (en) | Apparatus for roasting and drying laver | |
| CN206496590U (en) | A kind of microwave material drying device | |
| CN208983812U (en) | A kind of band drier for reforming hydrogenation catalyst production | |
| CN204070344U (en) | A kind of food drying equipment | |
| CN110679656A (en) | Grain drying machine capable of uniformly scattering grains | |
| CN103409957B (en) | Drying process in viscose staple fiber production | |
| CN101773282A (en) | Microwave tobacco leaf fixation roasting and rewetting equipment and method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |