WO2023035588A1

WO2023035588A1 - Efficient energy-saving mud drying apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2023035588A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/082713
Authority: WO
Inventors: 罗嘉熙
Original assignee: 佛山市蓝之鲸科技有限公司
Priority date: 2021-09-10
Filing date: 2022-03-24
Publication date: 2023-03-16
Also published as: CN113701452A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic powder preparation, and in particular to an efficient energy-saving mud drying apparatus. The efficient energy-saving mud drying apparatus comprises a plurality of drying units which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. Each drying unit comprises a box body, a screening and crushing device, and a plurality of conveying belts, wherein the conveying belts are sequentially arranged in the box body from top to bottom; the screening and crushing device comprises a screening mechanism and a crushing mechanism; and the screening mechanism comprises a screen that is arranged obliquely, and mud on the screen slides into a crushing bin through an upper surface of the screen, and then falls onto a feeding end of the conveying belt on the topmost layer after being crushed by a crushing rod. By means of providing the screening and crushing device on each drying unit, the time needed for drying small patches of mud is shortened to prevent same from containing too little water, thereby improving the drying efficiency. In addition, large patches of mud are pre-crushed so as to reduce the particle diameter of same and increase the specific surface area of same, thereby increasing the drying speed of ceramic mud, and saving the drying costs.

Description

High-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic powder preparation, in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment.

Background technique

The ceramic industry is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. The spray drying tower used for powder preparation in production is the main equipment for heat energy consumption and conversion, and its energy consumption accounts for more than 35% of the total production cost.

In the traditional ceramic powder production process, the ceramic slurry with a water content of 30-40% is generally sprayed into the spray drying tower by a plunger pump pressurized by a spray gun that meets the aperture requirements, and at the same time, the high-temperature hot air generated by the hot blast furnace is burned (800°C to 1050°C in the furnace) enters the spray drying tower, and the fast-flowing hot air in the spray drying tower fully contacts the atomized mud droplets, quickly taking away the moisture in the mud droplets and the waste gas in them. They are sucked away by the negative pressure induced draft fan, and the evaporated mud droplets become ceramic powder particles. %~10%.

When the traditional ceramic powder production process is used for production, the energy consumption is large, the pollution is serious, and the production cost is high.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems caused by the use of a spray drying tower to dry ceramic mud, the existing ceramic powder production process, this process first passes the ceramic mud through a filter press to form a square filter cake, and the water content of the filter cake is about 21%. , and then break the filter cake into ceramic mud, and then use the waste heat of the kiln and/or the hot air of the hot air fan to dry the ceramic mud to make the water content 7% to 10%, and finally break the ceramic mud into ceramic particles, thus solving the problem of high energy consumption caused by the traditional spray drying tower.

In this process, the drying of ceramic mud is generally carried out with a belt dryer. This belt dryer generally has the following problems:

1. The length of the equipment is very long, so the requirements for the installation site are strict; the number of layers of the conveyor belt in this belt dryer is generally less, and most of them are 1 to 8 layers. If there are too many layers, the mud will be dried during the conveying process. The small particles of mud in the upper conveyor belt will fall from the mesh of the conveyor belt to the lower conveyor belt, and finally block the passing mesh in the middle and lower conveyor belts, affecting the flow of hot air and not conducive to the flow of materials. dry;

2. During the drying process, the drying time of different sizes of mud is the same, which will cause the drying time of small particles of mud to be too long, and the water content is too low to be conducive to subsequent granulation;

3. During the drying process of large-particle ceramic mud, the surface will be dried first, forming a "hard skin" that will affect the continuous discharge of moisture inside the mud, resulting in low drying efficiency;

4. After the mud is dried, the outside is dry and the inside is wet, and the drying is not uniform enough;

4. The heat in the hot air cannot be fully utilized, resulting in high energy consumption;

5. The hot air in the drying box is easy to exchange heat with the outside, resulting in heat loss.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment in order to solve the problems of high installation site requirements, uneven mud drying and high energy consumption existing in the existing belt dryers.

In order to achieve the above functions, the technical solution provided by the invention is:

A high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment, including n drying units stacked sequentially from bottom to top, where n is a positive integer not less than 3;

Each drying unit includes a box body and a plurality of conveyor belts, the conveyor belts are sequentially arranged in the box body from top to bottom, one end of the conveyor belt is the feeding end, and the other end is the blanking end;

At least one drying unit located in the middle is equipped with a screening and crushing device;

The screening and crushing device includes a screening mechanism and a crushing mechanism;

The crushing mechanism includes a crushing bin and a crushing rod, and the crushing rod is arranged in the crushing bin and driven to rotate by a driving device;

The sieving mechanism includes an inclined screen, and the mud on the screen slides down through the upper surface of the screen into the crushing bin, and after being crushed by the crushing rod, it falls into the feeding end of the conveyor belt located on the uppermost layer of the drying unit. Upper; the under-screened mud is transported to the bottom drying unit for drying.

Preferably, the high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment also includes a main air inlet pipe and a main air exhaust pipe;

The lower part of each drying unit is provided with at least one air inlet branch pipe, and the upper part is provided with at least one exhaust branch pipe;

The air inlet branch pipe is connected with the main air inlet pipe, and the exhaust air branch pipe is connected with the main air exhaust pipe.

Preferably, the conveyor belt includes a plurality of conveyor plates made of metal materials, and the conveyor plates are arranged side by side with gaps between adjacent conveyor plates; in each drying unit, except for the conveyor belt at the bottom, A plurality of through holes are provided on the conveying plate of other conveying belts.

Preferably, from bottom to top, the middle part of the exhaust branch pipe of the mth layer drying unit is connected to the air inlet branch pipe of the (n-m+1) layer drying unit through a circulation pipe; wherein m is a positive integer less than n/2 ;

An axial flow fan is arranged at the middle and lower part of the circulation pipeline.

Preferably, the lower part of each drying unit is provided with 2 air inlet branch pipes, and the upper part is provided with 2 exhaust air branch pipes;

Two air inlet branch pipes and two exhaust air branch pipes are arranged symmetrically front and back respectively.

Preferably, the exhaust air flow rate of the main air exhaust pipe is greater than the air intake flow rate of the main air intake pipe.

Preferably, the high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment also includes an outer cover, and the box bodies of a plurality of drying units stacked in sequence form an inner cover, and there is an isolation layer between the outer cover and the inner cover; the main air inlet pipe and the main exhaust pipe are arranged in the isolation layer.

Preferably, the isolation layer is also provided with at least one recovery pipe; the top of the recovery pipe is provided with a fan, the bottom is closed, and the body of the pipe is provided with several recovery branch pipes, and the opening of the recovery branch pipe is arranged in the drying unit .

Preferably, the sieve mesh has a mesh diameter of 3 mm to 8 mm.

Preferably, the screening and crushing device further includes a collecting hopper, the collecting hopper is arranged under the screen, and a screw feeding mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the collecting hopper.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The vertical drying main body is formed by stacking multiple drying units, on the one hand, it is conducive to modular production and assembly to reduce equipment costs, and on the other hand, it reduces the area occupied by the equipment on the site;

2. By setting a screening mechanism in at least one drying unit located in the middle, the mud entering the box is screened in advance, and the small pieces of mud are directly sent to the bottom drying unit to reduce the drying time of drying mud. Prevent its water content from being too low to improve drying efficiency;

3. By setting a crushing mechanism in at least one drying unit located in the middle, the bulk mud is pre-crushed to make the particle size smaller and the specific surface area increase, which improves the drying speed of ceramic mud and saves drying costs;

4. By setting up circulation pipes, the hot air with higher temperature and lower humidity in the bottom drying unit is sent to the upper layer for reuse, so as to save energy consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the drying unit with screening and crushing device;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of screening crushing device;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the screening and crushing device;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of crushing device;

Fig. 5 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of conveyor belt;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the conveying plate and the supporting pipe.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to accompanying drawing 9 the present invention will be further elaborated:

A high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 includes n drying units 1 stacked in sequence from bottom to top. In this embodiment, eight drying units 1 are arranged in total. The number of drying units 1 can be set according to actual needs. Generally speaking, in order to achieve a better drying effect, the number of drying units 1 is not less than 3.

As shown in Figure 1, each drying unit 1 comprises

casing

11 and 6 conveyor belts 13, and conveyor belt 13 is arranged in sequence in casing 11 from top to bottom, and one end of conveyor belt 13 is feed end, and the other end is Blanking end; the top of the box body 11 is provided with a material inlet, and the bottom is provided with a material outlet.

At least one of the drying units 1 in the middle is provided with a screening and crushing device 12; the screening and crushing device 12 is provided at the feed inlet.

As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the conveyor belt 1 includes a plurality of conveying boards 131 made of metal materials. The conveying boards 131 are arranged side by side with gaps between adjacent conveying boards 131 , and the two ends thereof are respectively connected with chains 133 . In this embodiment, the conveying plate 131 is made of stainless steel, and the bottom of the conveying plate 131 is fixedly provided with a support pipe 132, and the conveying plate 131 is fixedly connected with the chain 133 through the two ends of the support pipe 132, and the support pipe 132 serves to strengthen the conveying plate 131 The role of strength and connection. The chain 133 is sleeved on the driving sprocket 134 and the driven sprocket 135 respectively, and the motor drives the driving sprocket 134 to rotate.

In order to prevent the conveyor belt 13 from slipping from the two ends of the conveyor belt 13 during the conveying process, the two ends of the conveyor plate 131 close to the chain 2 are respectively provided with retaining edges 1311. In this embodiment, the two ends of the conveyor plate 131 are The end is bent upward about 90 degrees to form a retaining edge 1311 .

In each drying unit 1 , except for the conveyor belt 13 located on the lowest floor, the conveyor plates 131 of the other conveyor belts 13 are provided with a plurality of through holes (not shown in the figure). During drying, the hot air can pass through the through holes on the conveying plate 131, thereby improving the drying efficiency.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the screening and crushing device 12 includes a screening mechanism 121 and a crushing mechanism 122 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the crushing mechanism 122 includes a crushing bin 1221 and a crushing rod 1222 , and the crushing rod 1222 is arranged in the crushing bin 1221 and driven to rotate by a driving device. In this embodiment, the circumference of four crushing rods 1222 is uniformly fixed on the rotating frame 1223, and the rotating frame 1223 is rotatably mounted in the crushing bin 1221, and the motor A1224 drives the rotating frame 1223 to rotate, and the large pieces of mud enter the crushing material The bin 1221 is knocked into small pieces by the crushing rod 1222 afterward.

In order to improve the crushing efficiency and crushing uniformity, in this embodiment, the crushing mechanism 122 also includes a scraper 1226 and a friction screen 1225, and the scraper 1226 is arranged on the crushing rod 1222; the sieve plate 12251 on the friction screen 1225 The cross-section is arc-shaped, mesh holes are uniformly arranged on the sieve plate 12251, the friction screen 1225 is fixedly installed under the crushed material bin 1221, and the sieve plate 12251 is coaxial with the rotating frame 1223.

The screening mechanism 121 includes a sieve 1211 , which is arranged obliquely.

The mud on the sieve slides through the upper surface of the screen 1211 and falls into the crushing bin 1221. After being crushed by the crushing rod 1222, it falls onto the sieve plate 12251. After being squeezed by the scraper 1226, it is squeezed out from the mesh on the sieve plate 12251. Fall on the feed end that is positioned at the conveyer belt 13 of this drying unit 1 uppermost. In this embodiment, a screening and crushing device 12 is arranged in the drying unit 1 of the third to fifth layers, and the under-screened mud material of the screening and crushing device 12 is directly transported to the bottom drying unit 1 (i.e. Drying is carried out on the feeding end of the uppermost conveyor belt 13 of the first layer of drying unit 1). The purpose of doing like this is to prevent the little mud material under the sieve cloth 1211 sieve, because the drying time is too long, cause its moisture content to be too low.

The mesh diameter of the mesh 1211 is 3 mm to 8 mm, and in this embodiment, the mesh diameter of the mesh 1211 is 5 mm. The mesh diameter of the sieve plate 12251 is 1 cm to 3 cm, and the mesh diameter of the sieve plate 12251 of the upper drying unit 1 is larger than the mesh diameter of the sieve plate 12251 of the lower drying unit 1 . As far as this embodiment is concerned, the mesh diameters of the sieve plates 12251 of the drying units 1 on the third to fifth floors are 6mm, 17mm and 22mm respectively.

In order to facilitate the collection and delivery of the mud under the screen 1211, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the screening mechanism 121 also includes a collection hopper 1212, the collection hopper 1212 is arranged below the screen 1211, and the collection hopper 1212 The bottom is provided with a screw feeding mechanism. The screw feeding mechanism includes a motor B1213, a rotating shaft 1214 and a helical blade 1215, and the helical blade 1215 is uniformly installed on the rotating shaft 1214. The under-screen mud collected by the collecting hopper 1212 is sent out through the discharge port through the screw feeding mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment also includes a main air inlet pipe 2 and a main air exhaust pipe 3 , which are vertically and fixedly installed in the isolation layer 100 . The lower part of each drying unit 1 is provided with at least one air inlet branch pipe 21, and the upper part is provided with at least one exhaust air branch pipe 31; 3-phase connection. In this embodiment, the lower part of each drying unit 1 is provided with two air inlet branch pipes 21, and the upper part is provided with two exhaust air branch pipes 31; the two air inlet branch pipes 21 and the two exhaust air branch pipes 31 are symmetrically arranged front and back respectively.

There are 2 main air inlet pipes 2, which are arranged parallel to the front and rear on the left side of the equipment. The lower end of the main air inlet pipe 2 is provided with an air inlet 24, through which the air inlet 24 is connected with the external hot air delivery pipeline. The two main air inlet pipes 2 are respectively connected to the air inlet branch pipes 21 on the same side, and the air inlet branch pipes 21 are provided with a fan A22 and an air volume regulating valve A23 near the main air inlet pipe 2 . The air speed and air volume entering the drying unit 1 are regulated by the fan A22 and the air volume regulating valve A23.

The main exhaust duct 3 has 2 pieces, which are arranged parallel to the front and rear on the right side of the equipment. The lower end of the main exhaust duct 3 is provided with an air exhaust port 32, which is connected with the external exhaust air conveying pipeline by the air exhaust port 32. The two main exhaust pipes 3 are respectively connected to the branch exhaust pipes 31 on the same side, and the branch exhaust pipes 31 are provided with a fan B33 and an air volume regulating valve B34 near the main exhaust pipe 3 . The air speed and air volume of the air drawn from the drying unit 1 are adjusted by the fan B33 and the air volume regulating valve B34.

The air inlet branch pipe 21 and the air exhaust branch pipe 31 are respectively evenly provided with a plurality of air equalizing ports 231, and the air equalizing ports 231 are flat or fan-shaped as a whole. Disturbance of the powder inside.

In order to prevent the dust in each drying unit 1 from entering the external environment with the air, in this embodiment, the exhaust air flow rate of the exhaust branch pipe 31 in each drying unit 1 is greater than the air intake flow rate of the air intake branch pipe 21, so that each drying unit 1 Negative pressure inside.

From bottom to top, the middle part of the exhaust branch pipe 31 of the mth layer drying unit 1 communicates with the air inlet branch pipe 21 of the (n-m+1) layer drying unit 1 through the circulation pipe 4, and the middle and lower part of the circulation pipe 4 is provided with a Axial flow fan 5; wherein m is a positive integer less than n/2. As far as the present embodiment is concerned, the exhaust branch pipes 31 of the drying units 1 on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors communicate with the air intake branch pipes 21 of the drying units 1 on the 8th, 7th and 6th floors through the circulation pipe 4 respectively. The temperature and the humidity of the hot air in the middle two layers, that is, the 4th and 5th layers of the drying unit 1, are closer and do not circulate. Ceramic mud has the highest water content and the lowest temperature when it just enters the equipment for processing. Therefore, when the present invention works, the temperature of the hot air in the drying unit 1 from the 8th floor to the 1st floor increases layer by layer, and the humidity gradually increases. layer down. Through the circulation pipe 4, the high temperature and low humidity in the lower drying unit 1 are pumped to the upper drying unit 1 for reuse, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

As shown in Figure 7, the high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment also includes an outer cover 6, and the outer surface of the box body 11 of the eight drying units 1 stacked in sequence forms an inner cover 7, and there is an accommodation space between the outer cover 6 and the inner cover 7. The containing space is the isolation layer 100 . The isolation layer 100 mainly has two important functions: one is to prevent dust from escaping from the drying unit 1 to the workshop during the drying process and pollute the working environment; the other is to prevent the heat in the drying unit 1 from being quickly exchanged into the workshop, thereby Reduce energy loss and achieve the purpose of energy saving.

As shown in Figure 6, the isolation layer 100 is also provided with at least one recovery pipeline 8; in the present embodiment, the number of recovery pipelines 8 is two, which are respectively vertically fixed on the left and right sides of the equipment, and the top of the recovery pipeline 8 is arranged There is a blower C9, the bottom is closed, and the pipe body is provided with several recovery branch pipes 81, and the openings of the recovery branch pipes 81 are arranged in the drying unit 1 at a corresponding height. The air in the isolation layer 100 and the hot air in each drying unit 1 pass through the metal parts on the surface of the drying unit 1 to exchange heat, so the air in the isolation layer 100 is hot air with high temperature and low humidity. Part of the hot air is introduced into the drying unit 1 for reuse to reduce energy consumption; in addition, blowing hot air into the drying unit 1 through the recovery pipe 8 can speed up the flow of hot air in the drying unit 1 and improve drying efficiency.

The drying unit 1 and the isolation layer 100 are also provided with temperature sensors, humidity sensors and other components, so as to monitor the operating status of the equipment.

When in use, start the fans of the main air inlet pipe 2 and the main exhaust pipe 3 to preheat the drying unit 1; at the same time start the axial flow fan 5 in the circulation pipe 4 and the top of the recovery pipe 8 is provided with a fan C9 to adjust the air volume Adjust the opening of the valve so that the flow of hot air in the drying unit 1 of the drying equipment of the present invention reaches a stable state. When the temperature of the air in the drying unit 1 rises to a predetermined temperature (such as 80°C), feed and start the conveyor belt 13 and screening mechanism 121 of each drying unit 1 in sequence from top to bottom; During the conveying process of the drying unit 1, there are three stages of uniform heating, crushing and dehumidification, and water homogenization; in the crushing and dehumidification stage, the mud is screened, crushed and dried layer by layer, and the mud under the sieve is directly Send it to the drying unit 1 on the first floor for drying and water homogenization; after the drying is completed, the conveyor belt 13 and the screening mechanism 121 are shut down sequentially from top to bottom, and after all the dried mud is conveyed out of the equipment, Shut down the fans of the axial flow fan 5, the blower fan C9, the main air inlet pipe 2 and the main air exhaust pipe 3 again.

Among the above three stages, among them:

Uniform heating stage, this stage is carried out in the 8th layer to the 6th layer drying unit 1, mainly carry out low-temperature heating to mud material (in this embodiment, temperature is 80 ℃～150 ℃), make the surface of mud material and The internal temperature is the same, since it is mainly heated at this stage, the humidity in the drying unit 1 is relatively high, and it is more conducive to the uniform heating of the surface and the inside of the mud in a hot and humid environment.

The stage of crushing and dehumidification, which is carried out in the drying unit 1 of the fifth to third floors, is mainly to crush the mud, increase its specific surface area, and quickly dehumidify, so that the water content of the mud is rapidly reduced.

Moisture homogenization stage, this stage is carried out in the drying unit 1 from the second layer to the first layer, mainly using dry low-temperature hot air to continuously dry the mud material, so that the humidity inside and outside is relatively consistent, and the water content of the mud material reaches the predetermined level value.

Claims

A high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment is characterized in that it includes n drying units stacked sequentially from bottom to top, where n is a positive integer not less than 3;

Each drying unit includes a box body and a plurality of conveyor belts, the conveyor belts are sequentially arranged in the box body from top to bottom, one end of the conveyor belt is the feeding end, and the other end is the blanking end;

At least one drying unit located in the middle is equipped with a screening and crushing device;

The screening and crushing device includes a screening mechanism and a crushing mechanism;

The crushing mechanism includes a crushing bin and a crushing rod, and the crushing rod is arranged in the crushing bin and driven to rotate by a driving device;

The sieving mechanism includes an inclined screen, and the mud on the screen slides down through the upper surface of the screen into the crushing bin, and after being crushed by the crushing rod, it falls into the feeding end of the conveyor belt located on the uppermost layer of the drying unit. Upper; the under-screened mud is transported to the bottom drying unit for drying.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment also includes a main air inlet pipe and a main air exhaust pipe;

The lower part of each drying unit is provided with at least one air inlet branch pipe, and the upper part is provided with at least one exhaust branch pipe;

The air inlet branch pipe is connected with the main air inlet pipe, and the exhaust air branch pipe is connected with the main air exhaust pipe.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conveyor belt includes a plurality of conveyor plates made of metal materials, and the conveyor plates are arranged side by side with gaps between adjacent conveyor plates; In each drying unit, except for the conveyor belt at the bottom, the conveyor plates of the other conveyor belts are provided with a plurality of through holes.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: from bottom to top, the middle part of the exhaust branch pipe of the drying unit on the mth floor passes through the circulation pipeline and the drying unit on the (n-m+1)th floor. The air inlet branches are connected; where m is a positive integer less than n/2;

An axial flow fan is arranged at the middle and lower part of the circulation pipeline.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower part of each drying unit is provided with 2 air inlet branch pipes, and the upper part is provided with 2 exhaust air branch pipes;

Two air inlet branch pipes and two exhaust air branch pipes are arranged symmetrically front and back respectively.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: the exhaust air flow rate of the main air exhaust pipe is greater than the air intake flow rate of the main air intake pipe.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment also includes an outer cover, and the boxes of a plurality of drying units stacked in sequence form an inner cover, and the outer cover and There is an isolation layer between the inner covers; the main air inlet pipe and the main air exhaust pipe are arranged in the isolation layer.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: the isolation layer is also provided with at least one recovery pipe; the top of the recovery pipe is provided with a fan, the bottom is closed, and the pipe body is equipped with several A recovery branch pipe, the opening of the recovery branch pipe is arranged in the drying unit.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that:

The sieve hole diameter of the sieve is 3mm-8mm.
The high-efficiency and energy-saving mud drying equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: the screening and crushing device also includes a collecting hopper, the collecting hopper is arranged under the screen, and the bottom of the collecting hopper is provided with Screw feeding mechanism.