CN106871577B - A microwave material drying device and a microwave material drying method - Google Patents

A microwave material drying device and a microwave material drying method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106871577B
CN106871577B CN201710035417.5A CN201710035417A CN106871577B CN 106871577 B CN106871577 B CN 106871577B CN 201710035417 A CN201710035417 A CN 201710035417A CN 106871577 B CN106871577 B CN 106871577B
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China
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microwave
microwave heating
heating chamber
pipe
air duct
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CN106871577A (en
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汪磊
刘宁
徐翔新
卢晓颖
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Jiangsu Mcvey Microwave Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Mcvey Microwave Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
    • F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
    • F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/50—Ducting arrangements from the source of air or other gases to the materials or objects being dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying goods
    • F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a microwave material drying device and a microwave material drying method, which are used for drying a water-containing material at a low temperature based on a microwave technology, wherein a heating device comprises a microwave generator, a microwave heating bin, a tempering bin, a conveying mechanism and ventilation equipment; the microwave heating bin comprises a material container, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a microwave antenna and a blade set, wherein an input port of the microwave antenna is connected with a microwave generator, and a radiation port faces towards rice in the container; at least part of the surface of the blade is covered by rice in the container, the direction of the rice flow from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet is taken as the reference direction, and the absolute value of the included angle between the normal direction of the surface of the blade covered by the rice and the reference direction is larger than 0 degree. The invention adopts microwave energy to realize low-temperature drying of rice, has uniform heating, low crushing rate, high energy utilization rate, no pollution discharge, energy conservation and environmental protection.

Description

Microwave material drying device and microwave material drying method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave energy application, and particularly relates to a microwave material drying device and a microwave material drying method.
Background
Drying of rice is the primary link of storage and processing after harvesting. With the continuous improvement of the rice yield in China, the mildew loss caused by untimely drying treatment is increased, so that a great amount of waste is caused, and the problem of high yield and urgent income of agriculture is solved.
The rice belongs to heat-sensitive materials, the temperature of the materials must be strictly controlled (generally not more than 40 ℃) in the drying process, otherwise, the problems of quality reduction and high waist bursting rate are brought. The most widely used rice drying equipment at present adopts a circulating drying process, and the principle block diagram of the circulating drying process is shown in figure 1. The fuel (common coal, biomass, etc.) is burned in the hot blast stove PR1, and the generated heat energy is exchanged to the heat transfer medium-air through the heat exchanger to form hot air; the hot air obtains enough wind pressure under the action of the hot air blower PR2, and then a proper amount of cold air is mixed by the valve PR3 to obtain the required wind temperature. The mixed hot air enters a hot air duct in the heating bin PR4, passes through rice in the heating bin under the action of wind pressure, exchanges heat energy carried by the hot air to rice to be dried, takes away moisture on the surfaces of rice particles, and finally becomes waste gas to be discharged from an air outlet. The rice in the heating bin is discharged into a screw conveyor PR6 under the action of a grain separating mechanism PR5, and is sent to a lifting machine PR7 by the screw conveyor PR 6. The lifting machine PR7 conveys the rice to the tempering warehouse PR8 and enters the tempering process. In the tempering process, water molecules with internal energy obtained migrate from the inside of the rice grains to the surface. Along with the discharge of the rice in the heating bin 4, the rice in the tempering bin PR8 is supplemented to flow into the heating bin, so that a drying process of heating tempering alternate circulation is formed. According to the initial water content of the rice, the times of circulation are different.
Although the above conventional dryer can solve the problems of drying speed, crushing rate, etc., the disadvantages are also apparent.
Firstly, during the heating process, the rice absorbs heat energy from the hot air in a heat conduction mode, and the heat energy is transferred in the rice particles in a conduction mode. Because air and rice are both poor heat conductors, the rice grains are subjected to larger temperature gradient in the heat conduction process, so that the rice grains are easy to crush, the conduction speed is low, the heat transfer time is long, and the heat loss in the heat transfer process is increased, so that the energy consumption is increased. Second, the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged by the hot air heating mode is higher than the temperature of the rice, and the heat energy with a larger proportion is still carried, so that the energy utilization efficiency of the whole machine is further reduced. Finally, the flue gas generated by the combustion of the hot blast stove contains more pollution emission, and serious environmental pollution can be caused by a large amount of use.
The microwave heating has the advantages of high speed and large penetration depth, and has more application in the fields of food, metallurgy, chemical industry, environmental protection and the like. However, in a substantial number of industrial applications, the microwave applicator may be sized to several or even tens of wavelengths, and the microwave field distribution may have a strong non-uniformity, resulting in a spatially non-uniform temperature distribution of the material, which is unsuitable for heating temperature sensitive materials. The microwave is used for rice drying, which has a lot of published research results, but is limited to laboratories and adopts a 2.4GHz household microwave oven as an experimental means, and the results cannot be popularized to actual industrial production, and one main reason is that the uniformity problem of microwave heating cannot be well solved. The rice is used as a temperature sensitive material, the highest temperature is strictly limited in the drying process, if the highest temperature in the whole space is controlled not to exceed the limit, a large amount of distributed rice in a low temperature area cannot obtain enough heat energy, and the heating speed and efficiency are limited, so that the special advantage of microwaves is lost. Up to now, no microwave rice drying device is available for practical industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the industrial application of material drying in the prior art, the invention provides a microwave material drying device and a microwave material drying method, and the microwave heating bin is designed, the structural composition of the whole drying device is optimized, and the microwave energy can be utilized to realize the high-efficiency, energy-saving and environment-friendly industrial rice drying production, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microwave material drying method comprising the steps of:
step 1, carrying out impurity removal treatment on the materials;
step 2, loading the materials subjected to the impurity removal treatment into a material conveying device;
step 3, starting the material conveying device so that the materials continuously and circularly flow between the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin;
step 4, starting a microwave generator, and starting a blade to fully stir the materials in the microwave heating bin so as to ensure that the materials are heated uniformly; starting a fan to ventilate the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin;
step 5, measuring the water content of the materials at the grain inlet of the microwave heating bin and the temperature of the materials at the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin in real time; controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin to be in a preset temperature range; if the water content of the materials at the grain inlet of the microwave heating bin is lower than or equal to the standard water content, performing the step 6;
and 6, closing the microwave generator, opening a grain discharging outlet of the microwave material drying device, and keeping the materials in the microwave material drying device to move until the grain discharging is finished.
Preferably, the step of impurity removal treatment of the material comprises screening and magnetic separation.
Preferably, controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin to be in a preset temperature range comprises adjusting the power of a microwave generator and/or the circulation speed of the material conveying device.
Preferably, controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin to be in a preset temperature range further comprises: detecting the rice temperature of the grain inlet of the microwave heating bin in real time, and adjusting the microwave heating time according to the rice temperature difference between the grain inlet and the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin and the rice temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin.
Preferably, in the ventilation treatment step for the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin, the air supply amount for the microwave heating bin is not less than 2.4m 3 Per h.kg, the ventilation rate of the tempering bin is not less than 2.4m 3 /h·kg。
The second method of the invention provides a microwave material drying device, which comprises a microwave generator, a microwave heating bin, a tempering bin, a conveying mechanism and ventilation equipment; the microwave generator is connected with the microwave heating bin; the conveying mechanism is connected between the tempering bin and the microwave heating bin;
the microwave heating bin comprises a material container, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and a microwave antenna, wherein the material enters the microwave heating bin from the feed inlet, is filled into the material container, and moves from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet under the pushing of the conveying mechanism; the microwave antenna is used for heating the material.
Preferably, the ventilation device comprises a fan and an air duct, and the air duct is used for communicating the outlet of the fan with the microwave heating bin and the buffer Su Canglian.
Preferably, the input port of the microwave antenna is connected with the microwave generator, and the radiation port of the microwave antenna faces the material container.
Preferably, the microwave heating bin further comprises a microwave antenna and a blade group, at least part of the surfaces of the blades in the blade group are covered by materials in the material container, the direction from the feeding hole to the discharging hole in which rice flows is used as a reference direction, and an included angle is formed between the normal direction of the surfaces of the blades covered by the rice and the reference direction.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of drying a material, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, starting a material conveying device so that the materials continuously and circularly flow between a microwave heating bin and a tempering bin;
step 2, starting a microwave generator so that the material is heated by microwaves; starting a fan to ventilate the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin;
step 3, controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin to be in a preset temperature range; when the water content of the material is lower than or equal to the preset water content, performing the step 4;
and 4, closing the microwave generator, and opening a grain discharge outlet of the microwave material drying device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the microwave is used as a heat source for industrially drying materials, the advantages of high microwave heating speed and large action depth are fully exerted on the premise of ensuring that the temperature of the materials is not exceeded, and the material drying processing which can be used for industrial production is realized, and the drying process is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. The efficient air supply channel is designed, ventilation air is used for replacing hot air, the temperature gradient between materials and air is reduced, the quality of the dried materials is improved, meanwhile, the emission of hot air is reduced, and the energy is saved.
3. The microwave antenna is used for transmitting microwave energy radiation generated by the microwave generator to the material to be dried, and a group of blades with normal directions not parallel to the flow direction of the material are used for generating space position exchange when the material flows through the surfaces of the blades, so that the problem of heating non-uniformity caused by non-uniform microwave field distribution in a general microwave applicator is solved.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional hot air rice dryer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a blade arrangement provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 (b) is a top view of a blade arrangement provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a microwave antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view, partially in section, of a microwave antenna provided in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of a tempering bin wind channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 (a) is a side view of a microwave heating cartridge provided in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a microwave heating chamber according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 (a) is a side view of a microwave heating cartridge provided in one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 (b) is a top view of a microwave heating cartridge provided in one embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals referred to in the drawings of the specification are explained as follows:
the device comprises a wave generator-1, a microwave heating bin-2, a tempering bin-3, a conveying mechanism-4 and ventilation equipment-5; the device comprises a material container-21, a feed inlet-22, a discharge outlet-23, a microwave antenna-24, blades-25, a shaft-26 and a driving wheel-27; rectangular waveguide-241, cone-shaped horn-242, gap-243, insulating dielectric plate-244; pipeline I-31, pipeline II-32; the grain separating wheel-41, the sloping plate-42 and the lifter-43; the air draft fan-51 and the air duct I-52.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The material in the invention refers to the material to be dried, and specifically, the material can comprise grains such as rice, wheat and the like with certain water content to be dried; nuts such as melon seeds, peanuts, pistachios and pine nuts which need to be dried and stored; dried fruits such as raisin, banana chips and dried mango, feed for drying and transportation, sea-tangle and other marine products for drying; not limited to agricultural byproducts, sand, soil, wood dust and the like which need to remove water also belong to the category of materials in the embodiment; in summary, the present example is not limited to a specific type of material, which is a product or living goods that requires a drying process.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, as follows:
the embodiment provides a microwave material drying device, which comprises a microwave generator 1, a microwave heating bin 2, a tempering bin 3, a conveying mechanism 4 and ventilation equipment 5 as shown in fig. 2. The microwave generator 1 is connected with the microwave heating bin, and microwave energy generated by the microwave generator is transmitted into the microwave heating bin; the tempering bin 3 is positioned at the upper part of the microwave heating bin; the conveying mechanism is positioned between the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin and pushes materials to circularly flow; the ventilation equipment 5 forms air flow in the materials to be dried in the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin through the combined action of the fan and the air duct, and takes away moisture on the surfaces of the material particles.
As shown in fig. 2, a microwave heating bin 2 of an embodiment 1 of a microwave material drying apparatus according to the present invention includes a container 21 for holding materials at a lower portion of a bin body, a feed port 22 at one side of the bin body, a discharge port 23 at the opposite side of the feed port, a microwave antenna 24 on the container 21, a set of blades 25, and a shaft 26 for mounting the blades and a driving wheel 27 for driving the shaft 26 to rotate. Wherein the input port of the microwave antenna 24 is connected with the output end of the microwave generator 1, and the radiation port faces to the materials in the container 21 below; the blades 25 are covered by the material in the container 21.
In one example, the blade 25 is made of a plurality of metal sheets fixed to the surface of the shaft 26, arranged in a spiral (dotted line on the surface of the shaft 26 in fig. 2); one end of the shaft 26 is provided with a driving wheel 27, and the external power machine drives the driving wheel 27 so as to drive the shaft 26 to rotate; the direction of rotation of the shaft 26 ensures that the spiral line in which the blades 25 are arranged is moved from the inlet 22 to the outlet 23.
In one example, as shown in fig. 3 (a), there are three blades in one circumference, with an included angle of 120 ° between the blades, seen in a cross section facing the driving wheel 27. As shown in fig. 3 (b), an included angle is formed between the normal direction 292 of the vane 25 and the axial direction 291 of the shaft 26, in the arrangement mode of the vanes in fig. 3 (b), the driving wheel needs to rotate in the direction shown by the arrow 28, so that the shaft 26 drives the vane 25 to move, and an axial (291) pushing effect is generated on the material, so that the material moves from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and meanwhile, the material is stirred to generate radial and tangential movements, thereby realizing the position exchange of the material in three dimensions in the heating bin and overcoming the problem of uneven distribution of microwave fields. In particular, the angle may take different angles, for example 30 °,35 °,40 °,45 °,50 °, etc., which may be chosen between 0 ° (excluding 0 °) and 90 ° depending on the material and on the drying setting. The direction of the rice flow from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet is used as a reference direction, and the absolute value of the included angle between the normal direction of the surface of the rice covered part of the blade and the reference direction is larger than 0 degree.
In one example, the area of the blades 25, the pitch of the helix along which they are distributed, is related to the size of the microwave heating chamber, the thickness of the material in the container 21, and the rotational speed of the shaft 26. Generally, the greater the blade area, the greater the pitch, the faster the material flows in the heating chamber and the shorter the heating time, when the rotational speed is fixed. When the cross section of the microwave heating bin is larger, a plurality of shafts provided with blades can be used in parallel, so that the effect of the blades is ensured to be fully and uniformly.
Preferably, the microwave antenna 24 of the present embodiment adopts a waveguide slot antenna, as shown in fig. 4, and includes a rectangular waveguide 241, where one port 2411 of the rectangular waveguide is an input port of the antenna, and the other port 2412 is short-circuited. The microwave antenna 24 is divided into a plurality of regions along the axis direction of the rectangular waveguide 241, each region has a similar structural form and only has a difference in size so as to ensure that the radiation power value of each region is the same. In this example, the microwave antenna is divided into five areas, denoted as A1 to A5, respectively, and a specific embodiment will be described below with reference to fig. 6 by taking the area A1 as an example. On the broad side of the waveguide in each region, a set of slits 243 are provided, which connect the interior and exterior spaces of the waveguide 241. The position, shape and area of the gap can be simulated according to the required radiation power, and are not taken as technical characteristics of the invention. In this embodiment, the slit is a rectangular slit, and the width of the slit is perpendicular to the axial direction of the waveguide 241. An insulating dielectric plate 244 is covered on the outer surface of the slot 243 to prevent dust and moisture outside the waveguide from entering the waveguide, and reduce the power capacity of the waveguide. As a technical feature of the present invention, a mesa-cone horn 242 is mounted on a slit-opened wide side of a rectangular waveguide, a small opening surface of the mesa-cone horn is fixed to form electrical contact with the waveguide wide side, and a large opening surface is used as a radiation opening surface to face a material. The cone horn 242 has a certain convergence effect on the microwave radiation field of the gap 243, so that the microwave radiation field is concentrated to act on the material below the large opening surface of the cone. The height and the large opening surface size of the conical horn are designed according to the cross section size of the microwave heating bin, so that the field intensity in the material distribution area below the conical horn is ensured to be as uniform as possible. The discoidal horn may be made of, for example, a metallic material.
In one example, the tempering bin 3 of the microwave oven includes a first group of pipes I31 with polygonal cross sections and a second group of pipes II 32 with polygonal cross sections. The shape and the size of the pipeline I31 and the pipeline II 32 are the same, and the pipeline I and the pipeline II are arranged in parallel; both ends of the pipeline I31 and the pipeline II 32 are respectively fixed on the buffer Su Cangbi. One end of the pipe I31 shown in FIG. 2 is open to the outside space, and the other end is closed; the pipeline II 32 is closed at the side of the open end of the pipeline I31, is communicated with the air duct I52 at the side of the closed end of the pipeline I31, and is further connected with the air draft fan 51. Small holes are densely distributed on the surfaces of the pipeline I31 and the pipeline II 32; the pipes I31 and II 32 are staggered in layers, and if the pipe I31 occupies an odd layer, the pipe II 32 occupies an even layer, and vice versa. The cross-sectional distribution of the pipeline I31 and the pipeline II 32 is shown in FIG. 6. When the air draft fan 51 works, negative pressure is formed in the air duct I51 and the pipeline II 32, air in the material is pumped out, and then negative pressure is generated in the material; external air enters the material through the small holes on the surface of the pipeline I31 to form air flow so as to take away water vapor on the surface of the material particles.
In one example, as shown in fig. 2, a microwave material drying apparatus is provided, which includes a conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism includes a grain separating wheel 41, an inclined plate 42 and a lifter 43 below the tempering bin; the grain separating wheel dials the materials in the tempering bin onto the inclined plate 42 through rotation, the inclination angle of the inclined plate 42 and the horizontal plane can be more than 45 degrees, so that the materials flow into the feed inlet 21 of the microwave heating bin under the action of gravity, or the materials can flow into the feed inlet 21 of the microwave heating bin by adopting an inclination angle less than 45 degrees and by means of a conveying belt or a scraper conveying mechanism; the material flowing out of the microwave heating bin discharge port 23 enters a lifting machine 43, and the lifting machine conveys the material to the top of the tempering bin to complete circulation.
In one example, the ventilation device 5 includes an exhaust fan 51, an air duct i 52, a blower fan 53, and an air duct ii 54. Wherein the air draft fan 51 is connected with the tempering bin through an air duct I52; the small holes densely distributed on the surface of the air channel II 54 are used for communicating the inside of the air channel with the microwave heating bin, the air blowing fan 53 generates positive pressure in the air channel, and air enters the microwave heating bin through the small holes and passes through the material layer.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the microwave heating cartridge comprises a cylindrical container 71, the two end faces 711 and 722 of which are stationary, and the intermediate portion is rotatable about its own axis. The cylinder 71 axis is placed horizontally or nearly horizontally. The feed port 72 is located on the fixed end face 711; the discharge port is positioned on the fixed end surface 712; the material is contained in the lower space of the container 71. The microwave antenna 74 is inserted into the upper space of the container 71 from the fixed end face 711, and the radiation port faces the material in the lower part of the container. The microwave antenna 74 may also have a fixed end surface 712 that extends into the microwave container 71 in a direction that is not a feature of the present invention. A set of blades 75 made of a plurality of metal sheets are mounted on the inner surface of the container 71 in a standing position, and the blades are arranged in accordance with a spiral line 76 on the inner surface of the container 71, and the important technical feature of the blades is that the angle θ between the surface normal direction and the container axis direction is not zero, i.e. the blade surface normal direction is not parallel to the axis direction. The direction of travel of the spiral 76, along which the blades are aligned as the container 71 rotates, is from the inlet 72 to the outlet 73. The above embodiment ensures that when the container 71 rotates, the blades inside the material will generate axial propelling force to push the material to move from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and meanwhile, because the surface normal of the blades is not parallel to the axial direction, radial and tangential propelling forces are generated to drive the material to move radially and tangentially, and meanwhile, the friction force of the inner wall of the cylindrical container can also drive the material to move tangentially, so that the spatial position exchange of the material in three dimensions in the microwave field is finally realized. The specific shape and size of the vane 75 in this embodiment 2 can be designed according to the rotational speed of the container, the material capacity and the drying process, and are not a technical feature of the present invention. In addition, the power mechanical system for driving the container to rotate belongs to the mature technology, and the details of the power mechanical system are not described in the embodiment.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the specific structure of the microwave heating cartridge is different from the previous embodiment. The microwave heating chamber in this embodiment includes a tunnel-type container 81, a conveyor belt 82 is provided at the lower portion of the container 81, a feed inlet 83 is provided at one end of the container 81, and a discharge outlet 84 is provided at the other end. The materials enter the container from the feeding hole 83 and form a pile height with a certain thickness on the conveyor 82; the conveyer belt is driven by the external power mechanical structure to move from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, so that the material is brought from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet. A microwave antenna 85 is located in the upper space of the container 81 with its radiation opening facing down towards the material on the conveyor belt. The present embodiment also includes a set of blades 86 consisting of a plurality of thin metal sheets; the blades are fixed with the bin wall of the container 81 through connecting rods; the blades are partially or fully embedded in the material on the conveyor belt 82; as shown in fig. 8 (a), the material flow direction flows from the feed inlet (left end face) to the discharge outlet (right end face), i.e. x direction, and the important technical feature of the present invention is that the surface normal direction of each blade forms an angle θ with the material flow direction in the vertical plane (XOZ plane), and θ is not 0; as shown in fig. 8 (b), as an important technical feature of the present invention, the surface normal direction of each blade forms an angle phi with the material flow direction in the horizontal plane (XOY plane), and phi is not 0. Under the condition of the blade installation, when the conveyor belt drives the material to flow, the material moves relative to the surface of the blade, so that the movement direction of the material can be changed by the surface of the blade, and the movement in the Y and Z directions is generated, thereby generating the exchange of the space positions.
In one example, to achieve a sufficient position exchange effect within the vessel, the present embodiment preferably employs a blade arrangement as shown in fig. 8 (b), i.e., the blades 86 are divided into two groups, the normal direction of the first group of blades 861 forming an angle phi with the material flow direction in the XOY plane, and the normal direction of the second group of blades 862 forming an angle-phi with the material flow direction in the XOY plane; in each group of blades, a plurality of blades are fixed on a connecting rod 863 to form a row; the connecting rod 863 is fixed with the bin wall of the container 81; preferably, the first set of blades 861, if arranged in odd columns, the second set of blades 862, if arranged in even columns, and vice versa; preferably, the position of the first set of blades 861 in the Y direction is staggered from the position of the second set of blades 862 in the Y direction.
In one embodiment, a microwave material drying method is provided, and the method uses a microwave material drying device, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, carrying out impurity removal treatment on the materials, and loading the materials into a material drying device through a material conveying device.
In the step 1, the material is subjected to impurity removal treatment by using a mode such as screening or magnetic separation. Taking the material as an example, the screening mode can remove large particles in the material, and the magnetic separation can remove heavy metal impurities in the material. According to the rated power and the volume of the microwave heating bin, the amount of the added material is different, and in one example, the material loading amount in the microwave heating bin is in the range of 6-10 kg/kW, and the material loading amount in the tempering bin is 8-10 times that in the microwave heating bin.
And 2, starting the material conveying device so that after the materials continuously circulate between the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin, starting microwave power, and fully stirring the materials in the microwave heating bin to ensure that the materials are heated uniformly.
In the step 2, the materials in the material conveying device circulate in the microwave heating bin and the tempering bin, are heated in the microwave heating bin, then are gradually cooled in the tempering bin, and moisture is taken away along with air flow, so that the purpose of drying the materials is achieved.
Step 3, measuring the water content of the materials at the grain inlet of the microwave heating bin and the temperature of the materials at the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin in real time; controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin in a preset temperature range in real time; if the water content of the materials at the grain inlet of the microwave heating bin is lower than or equal to the standard water content, the following steps are carried out;
if the temperature of the materials heated in the microwave heating bin is too high, the high 'bursting rate' can be caused, and the drying quality of the materials is seriously affected. The temperature in the microwave heating bin can be controlled by controlling the power of the microwaves, and besides the power control, the temperature control can be realized by controlling the time of the materials passing through the microwave heating bin.
Taking the material heated by microwaves as rice, controlling the temperature to be a proper temperature between 38 and 40 ℃, measuring the temperature of a grain outlet of a microwave heating bin, and reducing the microwave heating time if the temperature of the material at the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin exceeds 40 ℃; if the temperature of the materials at the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin is lower than 38 ℃, the microwave heating time is increased. Measuring the water content of the rice while controlling the heating temperature, and if the water content is less than or equal to a preset water content, continuing the subsequent steps.
In step 3, different air supply modes are adopted for the tempering bin and the microwave heating bin, and according to the condition that the materials to be dried are taken as rice, an air blower is adopted for the microwave heating bin according to the 2.4m 3 The wind flow of/h.kg is ventilated to rice in the microwave heating bin; for the tempering bin, an exhaust fan is adopted according to 1.8m 3 The wind flow rate of/h.kg is used for exhausting the rice in the tempering bin. And measuring the water content of the rice at the feeding port of the microwave heating bin in real time, and executing the following steps when the water content is less than or equal to 15%.
And 4, closing microwave power, opening a grain discharging outlet of the microwave material drying device, and keeping the materials in the microwave material drying device to move until the grain discharging is finished.
Table 1 below shows the measurement results of the technical parameters using the method of this example:
table 1 measurement results of technical parameters of microwave drying apparatus
Based on the method, the water content of the rice reaches the drying requirement below 15%, the increase value of the crushing rate is only 0.1%, and the severe crack rate is only 1.8%, so that the rice meets the drying requirement of the rice.
Referring to table 2, table 2 is a comparison table of parameters of the grain drying apparatus of the present invention and the conventional hot air drying apparatus.
Table 2 comparison of grain drying apparatus and Hot air drying Equipment parameters
As shown in Table 2, the grain drying device of the invention utilizes the penetrability heating of microwaves to increase the temperature of the materials, so that the moisture in the materials is vaporized and evaporated, and the vaporized water vapor is discharged by a moisture discharging system to achieve the purpose of drying grains. The microwave drying device has the characteristics of high drying speed, high efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation, uniform and consistent internal and external heating of grains and the like, and is novel equipment for responding to low carbon economy.
Compared with the existing material drying method, the method has the advantages that the traditional hot air is replaced by the microwave energy, the method is environment-friendly and pollution-free, the heating process is quick, the penetration depth is large, the energy consumption is low, and uniform, quick and high-efficiency heating can be realized by combining full stirring. And on the premise of keeping the microwave power unchanged, the material flow speed is controlled to control the temperature of the heated material, so that the maximum energy production is realized.
It should be understood that references herein to "a plurality" are to two or more. "and/or", describes an association relationship of an association object, and indicates that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, and may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.
The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种微波物料干燥方法，其特征在于，所述方法包含如下步骤：1. A microwave material drying method, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: 步骤1、对所述物料进行除杂处理；Step 1. Perform impurity removal treatment on the materials; 步骤2、将所述除杂处理后的物料装入物料输送装置；Step 2. Load the impurity-removed materials into the material conveying device; 步骤3、启动所述物料输送装置，以使得所述物料在微波加热仓和缓苏仓之间连续循环流动；所述微波加热仓（2）包括容器（21）、进料口（22）、出料口（23）、微波天线（24）、一组叶片（25）、轴（26）以及传动轮（27）；Step 3. Start the material conveying device so that the material continuously circulates between the microwave heating chamber and the buffer chamber; the microwave heating chamber (2) includes a container (21), a feed port (22), and an outlet. Material opening (23), microwave antenna (24), a set of blades (25), shaft (26) and transmission wheel (27); 所述轴（26）带动所述叶片（25）运动，对所述物料产生轴向(291)的推动作用并翻搅所述物料，以使所述物料产生由所述进料口（22）向所述出料口（23）的径向和切向运动，以实现所述物料在所述微波加热仓（2）内三个维度的位置交换；所述叶片（25）表面法线方向不平行于轴线方向；所述叶片（25）的表面法线方向在垂直平面内与物料流动方向呈夹角θ；The shaft (26) drives the blade (25) to move, pushing the material in the axial direction (291) and stirring the material, so that the material is produced through the feed port (22) Radial and tangential movement toward the discharge port (23) to achieve position exchange of the material in three dimensions in the microwave heating chamber (2); the normal direction of the surface of the blade (25) does not change Parallel to the axis direction; the surface normal direction of the blade (25) forms an angle θ with the material flow direction in the vertical plane; 当所述微波加热仓（2）的横截面尺寸较大时，设置多个安装有所述叶片（25）的所述轴（26）并行使用；When the cross-sectional size of the microwave heating chamber (2) is large, multiple shafts (26) equipped with the blades (25) are provided and used in parallel; 所述微波天线（24）为波导缝隙天线，所述波导缝隙天线包括矩形波导（241）；The microwave antenna (24) is a waveguide slot antenna, and the waveguide slot antenna includes a rectangular waveguide (241); 缝隙（243）的外表面覆盖有绝缘介质板（244）；所述矩形波导（241）开有所述缝隙（243）的宽边上安装有台锥状喇叭（242）；所述台锥状喇叭（242）的小口面与所述矩形波导（241）的宽边固定形成电接触，大口面作为辐射口面朝向所述物料；基于所述微波加热仓（2）的所述横截面尺寸确定所述台锥状喇叭（242）的高度以及大口面尺寸；The outer surface of the gap (243) is covered with an insulating dielectric plate (244); a frustum-shaped horn (242) is installed on the wide side of the rectangular waveguide (241) with the gap (243); the frustum-shaped The small mouth surface of the horn (242) is in fixed electrical contact with the wide side of the rectangular waveguide (241), and the large mouth surface serves as the radiation mouth surface facing the material; determined based on the cross-sectional size of the microwave heating chamber (2) The height and large mouth size of the cone-shaped horn (242); 步骤4、开启微波发生器，并启动所述叶片（25）对微波加热仓的物料进行充分搅拌，确保其受热均匀；启动通风设备（5），以对所述微波加热仓和所述缓苏仓进行通风处理；所述通风设备（5）包括抽风风机（51）、风道Ⅰ（52）、吹风风机（53）和风道Ⅱ（54），所述抽风风机（51）通过风道Ⅰ（52）与所述缓苏仓连接；风道Ⅱ（54）表面密布的小孔将风道Ⅱ（54）内部与微波加热仓连通；Step 4. Turn on the microwave generator, and start the blades (25) to fully stir the materials in the microwave heating chamber to ensure that they are heated evenly; start the ventilation equipment (5) to stir the microwave heating chamber and the slow-cooling chamber. The warehouse is ventilated; the ventilation equipment (5) includes an exhaust fan (51), an air duct I (52), a blower (53) and an air duct II (54). The exhaust fan (51) passes through the air duct I (54). 52) is connected to the slow suction chamber; the small holes densely covered on the surface of the air duct II (54) connect the inside of the air duct II (54) with the microwave heating chamber; 步骤5、实时测量微波加热仓进粮口的物料含水率和微波加热仓出粮口的物料温度；控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围；若微波加热仓进粮口的物料含水率低于或等于标准含水率，则进行步骤6；所述控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围包括调整所述微波发生器的功率；Step 5. Measure the moisture content of the material at the grain inlet of the microwave heating warehouse and the material temperature at the grain outlet of the microwave heating warehouse in real time; control the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating warehouse to be within the preset temperature range; if the grain at the microwave heating warehouse If the moisture content of the material at the outlet is lower than or equal to the standard moisture content, proceed to step 6; controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating bin to be within a preset temperature range includes adjusting the power of the microwave generator; 步骤6、关闭微波发生器，打开微波物料干燥装置的排粮出口，保持微波物料干燥装置内部物料运动，直到排粮完毕；Step 6. Turn off the microwave generator, open the grain discharge outlet of the microwave material drying device, and keep the material moving inside the microwave material drying device until the grain discharge is completed; 所述微波发生器（1）与所述微波加热仓（2）连接；输送机构（4）连接于所述缓苏仓（3）和所述微波加热仓（2）之间；The microwave generator (1) is connected to the microwave heating chamber (2); the transport mechanism (4) is connected between the buffer chamber (3) and the microwave heating chamber (2); 所述缓苏仓包括：第一组横截面为多边形的管道Ⅰ（31）和第二组横截面为多边形的管道Ⅱ（32）；所述管道Ⅰ（31）的一端对外部空间开放，另一端封闭；所述管道Ⅱ（32）在所述管道Ⅰ（31）开放端一侧是封闭的、在所述管道Ⅰ（31）封闭端一侧与所述风道Ⅰ（52）连通，进而与所述抽风风机（51）连接；所述管道Ⅰ（31）和所述管道Ⅱ（32）的表面密布小孔；所述管道Ⅰ（31）和所述管道Ⅱ（32）按层交错分布。The buffer warehouse includes: a first group of pipes I (31) with a polygonal cross section and a second group of pipes II (32) with a polygonal cross section; one end of the pipe I (31) is open to the external space, and the other end of the pipe I (31) is open to the external space. One end is closed; the pipe II (32) is closed on the open end side of the pipe I (31), and is connected to the air duct I (52) on the closed end side of the pipe I (31), and then Connected to the exhaust fan (51); the surfaces of the pipe I (31) and the pipe II (32) are densely covered with small holes; the pipe I (31) and the pipe II (32) are staggered in layers . 2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，对所述物料进行除杂处理步骤包括筛选和磁选方式。2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of removing impurities from the material includes screening and magnetic separation. 3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围包括调整所述物料输送装置的循环速度。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating warehouse to be within a preset temperature range includes adjusting the circulation speed of the material conveying device. 4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围还包括：实时检测微波加热仓进粮口的物料温度，根据微波加热仓进粮口和出粮口的物料温度差，以及微波加热仓出粮口的物料温度调整微波加热时间。4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, controlling the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating warehouse to be in a preset temperature range further includes: real-time detection of the material temperature of the grain inlet of the microwave heating warehouse, according to the microwave heating The temperature difference of materials at the grain inlet and grain outlet of the warehouse, and the material temperature at the grain outlet of the microwave heating warehouse adjust the microwave heating time. 5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述对所述微波加热仓和所述缓苏仓进行通风处理步骤中，对所述微波加热仓的送风量不低于2.4m3/h·kg，对所述缓苏仓的通风量不低于2.4m3/h·kg。5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step of ventilating the microwave heating chamber and the slow suction chamber, the air supply volume to the microwave heating chamber is not less than 2.4m3. /h·kg, the ventilation volume of the buffer warehouse shall not be less than 2.4m3/h·kg. 6.一种微波物料干燥装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括微波发生器（1），微波加热仓（2），缓苏仓（3），输送机构（4）以及通风设备（5）；所述微波发生器（1）与所述微波加热仓（2）连接；所述输送机构（4）连接于所述缓苏仓（3）和所述微波加热仓（2）之间；6. A microwave material drying device, characterized in that the device includes a microwave generator (1), a microwave heating chamber (2), a slow drying chamber (3), a conveying mechanism (4) and ventilation equipment (5); The microwave generator (1) is connected to the microwave heating chamber (2); the conveying mechanism (4) is connected between the buffer chamber (3) and the microwave heating chamber (2); 所述微波加热仓（2）包括物料容器（21）、进料口（22）、出料口（23）、微波天线（24）、一组叶片（25）、轴（26）以及传动轮（27）；The microwave heating chamber (2) includes a material container (21), a feed port (22), a discharge port (23), a microwave antenna (24), a set of blades (25), a shaft (26) and a transmission wheel ( 27); 所述轴（26）带动所述叶片（25）运动，对所述物料产生轴向(291)的推动作用并翻搅所述物料，以使所述物料产生由所述进料口（22）向所述出料口（23）的径向和切向运动，以实现所述物料在所述微波加热仓（2）内三个维度的位置交换；所述叶片（25）表面法线方向不平行于轴线方向；所述叶片（25）的表面法线方向在垂直平面内与物料流动方向呈夹角θ；The shaft (26) drives the blade (25) to move, pushing the material in the axial direction (291) and stirring the material, so that the material is produced through the feed port (22) Radial and tangential movement toward the discharge port (23) to achieve position exchange of the material in three dimensions in the microwave heating chamber (2); the normal direction of the surface of the blade (25) does not change Parallel to the axis direction; the surface normal direction of the blade (25) forms an angle θ with the material flow direction in the vertical plane; 当所述微波加热仓（2）的横截面尺寸较大时，设置多个安装有所述叶片（25）的所述轴（26）并行使用；When the cross-sectional size of the microwave heating chamber (2) is large, multiple shafts (26) equipped with the blades (25) are provided and used in parallel; 所述微波天线（24）为波导缝隙天线，所述波导缝隙天线包括矩形波导（241）；The microwave antenna (24) is a waveguide slot antenna, and the waveguide slot antenna includes a rectangular waveguide (241); 缝隙（243）的外表面覆盖有绝缘介质板（244）；所述矩形波导（241）开有所述缝隙（243）的宽边上安装有台锥状喇叭（242）；所述台锥状喇叭（242）的小口面与所述矩形波导（241）的宽边固定形成电接触，大口面作为辐射口面朝向所述物料；基于所述微波加热仓（2）的所述横截面尺寸确定所述台锥状喇叭（242）的高度以及大口面尺寸；The outer surface of the gap (243) is covered with an insulating dielectric plate (244); a frustum-shaped horn (242) is installed on the wide side of the rectangular waveguide (241) with the gap (243); the frustum-shaped The small mouth surface of the horn (242) is in fixed electrical contact with the wide side of the rectangular waveguide (241), and the large mouth surface serves as the radiation mouth surface facing the material; determined based on the cross-sectional size of the microwave heating chamber (2) The height and large mouth size of the cone-shaped horn (242); 所述物料由进料口（22）进入所述微波加热仓（2），填充到所述物料容器（21）内，并在所述输送机构（4）的推动下由所述进料口（22）向所述出料口（23）移动；所述微波天线（24）用于加热所述物料；控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围包括调整所述微波发生器的功率；The materials enter the microwave heating chamber (2) from the feed port (22), are filled into the material container (21), and are driven by the feed port (4) from the feed port (21). 22) Move toward the material outlet (23); the microwave antenna (24) is used to heat the material; controlling the temperature of the microwave heating warehouse grain outlet to be in a preset temperature range includes adjusting the microwave generation The power of the device; 所述通风设备（5）包括抽风风机（51）、风道Ⅰ（52）、吹风风机（53）和风道Ⅱ（54），所述风道Ⅰ（52）用于将所述抽风风机（51）出口与所述微波加热仓（2）和所述缓苏仓（3）联通；所述风道Ⅱ（54）表面密布的小孔将风道Ⅱ（54）内部与所述微波加热仓（2）连通；The ventilation equipment (5) includes an exhaust fan (51), an air duct I (52), a hair dryer (53) and an air duct II (54). The air duct I (52) is used to move the exhaust fan (51 ) outlet is connected with the microwave heating chamber (2) and the slow suction chamber (3); the small holes densely covered on the surface of the air duct II (54) connect the inside of the air duct II (54) with the microwave heating chamber (3) 2) Connected; 所述缓苏仓（3）包括第一组横截面为多边形的管道Ⅰ（31）和第二组横截面为多边形的管道Ⅱ（32）；所述管道Ⅰ（31）的一端对外部空间开放，另一端封闭；所述管道Ⅱ（32）在所述管道Ⅰ（31）开放端一侧是封闭的、在所述管道Ⅰ（31）封闭端一侧与所述风道Ⅰ（52）连通，进而与所述抽风风机（51）连接；所述管道Ⅰ（31）和所述管道Ⅱ（32）的表面密布小孔；所述管道Ⅰ（31）和所述管道Ⅱ（32）按层交错分布。The buffer warehouse (3) includes a first group of pipes I (31) with a polygonal cross section and a second group of pipes II (32) with a polygonal cross section; one end of the pipe I (31) is open to the external space , the other end is closed; the pipe II (32) is closed on the open end side of the pipe I (31), and is connected to the air duct I (52) on the closed end side of the pipe I (31). , and then connected to the exhaust fan (51); the surfaces of the pipeline I (31) and the pipeline II (32) are densely covered with small holes; the pipeline I (31) and the pipeline II (32) are arranged in layers. Staggered distribution. 7.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微波天线（24）的输入端口与所述微波发生器（1）连接，所述微波天线（24）的辐射口面朝向所述物料容器（21）。7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the input port of the microwave antenna (24) is connected to the microwave generator (1), and the radiation port of the microwave antenna (24) faces the Material container (21). 8.根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微波加热仓（2）还包括微波天线（24）和叶片组，所述叶片组中叶片（25）的至少部分表面被所述物料容器中的物料覆盖，并且以所述进料口（22）到所述出料口（23）物料流动的方向作为参考方向。8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the microwave heating chamber (2) further includes a microwave antenna (24) and a blade group, at least part of the surface of the blade (25) in the blade group is covered by the The material in the material container is covered, and the direction of material flow from the inlet (22) to the outlet (23) is used as the reference direction. 9.一种物料干燥方法，其特征在于，所述方法包含如下步骤：9. A material drying method, characterized in that the method includes the following steps: 步骤1、启动物料输送装置，以使得所述物料在微波加热仓和缓苏仓之间连续循环流动；Step 1. Start the material conveying device so that the material continuously circulates between the microwave heating chamber and the slow suction chamber; 步骤2、开启微波发生器，以使得所述物料被微波加热；启动通风设备（5），以对所述微波加热仓和所述缓苏仓进行通风处理；所述通风设备（5）包括抽风风机（51）、风道Ⅰ（52）、吹风风机（53）和风道Ⅱ（54），所述抽风风机（51）通过风道Ⅰ（52）与所述缓苏仓连接；风道Ⅱ（54）表面密布的小孔将风道Ⅱ（54）内部与微波加热仓连通；Step 2. Turn on the microwave generator so that the material is heated by microwaves; start the ventilation equipment (5) to ventilate the microwave heating chamber and the slowing chamber; the ventilation equipment (5) includes exhaust Fan (51), air duct I (52), hair dryer (53) and air duct II (54), the exhaust fan (51) is connected to the suction chamber through the air duct I (52); air duct II ( 54) The dense holes on the surface connect the inside of the air duct II (54) with the microwave heating chamber; 步骤3、控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围；当物料含水率低于或等于预定含水率时，则进行步骤4；所述微波加热仓（2）包括容器（21）、进料口（22）、出料口（23）、微波天线（24）、一组叶片（25）、轴（26）以及传动轮（27）；所述控制所述微波加热仓出粮口的温度处于预设的温度范围包括调整所述微波发生器的功率；Step 3. Control the temperature of the grain outlet of the microwave heating warehouse to be within a preset temperature range; when the moisture content of the material is lower than or equal to the predetermined moisture content, proceed to step 4; the microwave heating warehouse (2) includes a container ( 21), a feed port (22), a discharge port (23), a microwave antenna (24), a set of blades (25), a shaft (26) and a transmission wheel (27); the control of the microwave heating chamber outlet Keeping the temperature of the grain mouth within a preset temperature range includes adjusting the power of the microwave generator; 所述轴（26）带动所述叶片（25）运动，对所述物料产生轴向(291)的推动作用并翻搅所述物料，以使所述物料产生由所述进料口（22）向所述出料口（23）的径向和切向运动，以实现所述物料在所述微波加热仓（2）内三个维度的位置交换；所述叶片（25）表面法线方向不平行于轴线方向；所述叶片（25）的表面法线方向在垂直平面内与物料流动方向呈夹角θ；The shaft (26) drives the blade (25) to move, pushing the material in the axial direction (291) and stirring the material, so that the material is produced through the feed port (22) Radial and tangential movement toward the discharge port (23) to achieve position exchange of the material in three dimensions in the microwave heating chamber (2); the normal direction of the surface of the blade (25) does not change Parallel to the axis direction; the surface normal direction of the blade (25) forms an angle θ with the material flow direction in the vertical plane; 当所述微波加热仓（2）的横截面尺寸较大时，设置多个安装有所述叶片（25）的所述轴（26）并行使用；When the cross-sectional size of the microwave heating chamber (2) is large, multiple shafts (26) equipped with the blades (25) are provided and used in parallel; 所述微波天线（24）为波导缝隙天线，所述波导缝隙天线包括矩形波导（241）；The microwave antenna (24) is a waveguide slot antenna, and the waveguide slot antenna includes a rectangular waveguide (241); 缝隙（243）的外表面覆盖有绝缘介质板（244）；所述矩形波导（241）开有所述缝隙（243）的宽边上安装有台锥状喇叭（242）；所述台锥状喇叭（242）的小口面与所述矩形波导（241）的宽边固定形成电接触，大口面作为辐射口面朝向所述物料；基于所述微波加热仓（2）的所述横截面尺寸确定所述台锥状喇叭（242）的高度以及大口面尺寸；The outer surface of the gap (243) is covered with an insulating dielectric plate (244); a frustum-shaped horn (242) is installed on the wide side of the rectangular waveguide (241) with the gap (243); the frustum-shaped The small mouth surface of the horn (242) is in fixed electrical contact with the wide side of the rectangular waveguide (241), and the large mouth surface serves as the radiation mouth surface facing the material; determined based on the cross-sectional size of the microwave heating chamber (2) The height and large mouth size of the cone-shaped horn (242); 步骤4、关闭微波发生器，打开微波物料干燥装置的排粮出口；Step 4. Turn off the microwave generator and open the grain discharge outlet of the microwave material drying device; 所述微波发生器（1）与所述微波加热仓（2）连接；输送机构（4）连接于所述缓苏仓（3）和所述微波加热仓（2）之间；The microwave generator (1) is connected to the microwave heating chamber (2); the transport mechanism (4) is connected between the buffer chamber (3) and the microwave heating chamber (2); 所述缓苏仓包括第一组横截面为多边形的管道Ⅰ（31）和第二组横截面为多边形的管道Ⅱ（32）；所述管道Ⅰ（31）的一端对外部空间开放，另一端封闭；所述管道Ⅱ（32）在所述管道Ⅰ（31）开放端一侧是封闭的、在所述管道Ⅰ（31）封闭端一侧与所述风道Ⅰ（52）连通，进而与所述抽风风机（51）连接；所述管道Ⅰ（31）和所述管道Ⅱ（32）的表面密布小孔；所述管道Ⅰ（31）和所述管道Ⅱ（32）按层交错分布。The buffer warehouse includes a first group of pipes I (31) with a polygonal cross section and a second group of pipes II (32) with a polygonal cross section; one end of the pipe I (31) is open to the external space, and the other end Closed; the pipe II (32) is closed on the open end side of the pipe I (31), connected with the air duct I (52) on the closed end side of the pipe I (31), and then connected with the air duct I (52). The exhaust fan (51) is connected; the surfaces of the pipe I (31) and the pipe II (32) are densely covered with small holes; the pipe I (31) and the pipe II (32) are staggered in layers.
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