CN110093608A - A kind of surface polishing liquid of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy and application - Google Patents
A kind of surface polishing liquid of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110093608A CN110093608A CN201910457147.6A CN201910457147A CN110093608A CN 110093608 A CN110093608 A CN 110093608A CN 201910457147 A CN201910457147 A CN 201910457147A CN 110093608 A CN110093608 A CN 110093608A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/02—Light metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of surface treatment of aluminium alloy, surface polishing liquid and the application of a kind of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy are disclosed.The surface polishing liquid is mainly by 100-150gL‑1Potassium hydroxide, 20-60gL‑1Sodium acetate, 20-40gL‑1Vulcanized sodium, 15-30gL‑1Potassium borate, 5-10gL‑1Magnetic abrasive and 5-10gL‑1Sodium tripolyphosphate, 3-8gL‑1Stepanol MG and 5-10mLL‑1The additive of glycerol composition.Polishing process includes: pretreatment → configuration surface polishing fluid → chemical polishing → neutralisation treatment → post-processing.This polishing process can be used for regular shape Al alloy parts and increasing material manufacturing containing pipeline, aperture, curved surface, interior stream Complex Aluminum Alloy product.After Al-alloy products are processed by the invention, surface roughness reduces by 50%~60%, and weight-loss ratio is about 7%~8%.Surface polishing fluidity matter of the present invention is stablized, and formula materials are easy to get, low in cost, good conductivity, and are not limited by polished product shape.Polishing process safety and environmental protection, and treated aluminum alloy surface brightness and flatness are preferable, increased quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the process for treating surface scopes in metal process field, it particularly relates to which one kind is difficult to pass through
The increasing material manufacturing aluminum alloy surface polishing process that tradition machinery polishes to be surface-treated.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing have many advantages, such as it is flexible high, without mold, the period is short, manufacture product diversification, the unlimited quilt in design space
It is widely used in the industries such as aerospace, biologic medical, auto industry and mechano-electronic.As increases material manufacturing technology is to efficient
Rate, inexpensive direction are developed, and increasing material manufacturing is increasingly taken seriously.Aluminium alloy is high resistance to due to its unique performance, such as low-density
Corrosivity, good electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and light reflectivity, the excellent condition such as workability and relatively low cost was in recent years
Fast development is able in material increasing field.In order to improve the surface smoothness of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy, expand practical application model
It encloses, it usually needs finishing polishing is carried out to aluminum alloy surface.The most common polishing process has mechanical polishing, chemical polishing, electricity
Chemical polishing etc..
Mechanical polishing is to remove the protrusion for being polished part by cutting, material surface plastic deformation, and obtain smooth surface
Polishing method.Chemical polishing is that the part of the microcosmic protrusion of material surface is allowed preferentially to dissolve in chemical mediator compared with depressed section, from
And obtain even surface.Electrobrightening is that metal product carries out special anode processing in the electrolyte of definite composition, to obtain
Smoothly, the finish process of glossy surface.For increasing material manufacturing alloy product surface roughness is higher, shape is more complex etc.
Problem is handled aluminum alloy surface using two kinds of technologies of chemical polishing and electrobrightening, is to reduce its surface roughness, is mentioned
High aesthetics is most efficient method.And electrobrightening higher cost, device requirement and realization process are complicated in contrast.Chemistry
Polishing operation process is then relatively easy, is not required to complex device, practical, and can polish with aperture, pipeline, inner flow passage
The complex-shaped special-shaped workpiece for being difficult to be surface-treated by electrobrightening, therefore be the surface treatment work being most simple and efficient
Skill.Currently, the surface with chemical polishing technology of aluminium alloy is mainly by acidity polishing and alkaline polishing two major classes.Although acidity polishing stability
Good, short processing time, polishing effect be significant, but in the industrial production often because nitric acid a large amount of in polishing fluid there are due to generate it is toxic
Gas endangers atmospheric environment, water quality and human health, therefore greatly develops alkalescence polishing liquid as current increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy table
One main trend of surface treatment chemical method polishing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the surface quality problems of existing increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy, a kind of deployment cost is provided
It is low, stability is strong, reaction speed is easy to control, high-efficient increasing material manufacturing aluminum alloy surface polishing process easy to operate, not only
Suitable for the increasing material manufacturing Al-alloy products of regular shape, dead angle is handled to pipeline, inner hole or different-diameter inner flow passage etc.
Be difficult to by electrobrightening handle Complex Different Shape Al-alloy products it is especially suitable.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, it achieves the desired results, inventor is exerted by a large amount of tentative tests by unremitting
Power obtains following technical solution.
A kind of surface polishing liquid of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy, the content of each substance in the polishing fluid are as follows: 100-150gL-1
Potassium hydroxide, 20-60gL-1Sodium acetate, 20-40gL-1Sodium thiosulfate, 15-30gL-1Potassium silicate, 5-10gL-1Magnetic
Property abrasive material and additive；The content of the additive each substance in the polishing fluid are as follows: 5-10gL-1Sodium tripolyphosphate, 3-
8g·L-1Stepanol MG or 5-10mLL-1One or more of glycerol.
Magnetic abrasive described in above-mentioned polishing fluid is Al-Ni-Co series permanent-magnet alloy, siderochrome cobalt system permanent-magnet alloy, permanent magnet oxygen
One of body, rare earth permanent-magnetic material or composite permanent-magnetic material.
The processing of surface polishing of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy is carried out using above-mentioned surface polishing liquid, comprising the following steps:
(1) electrochemical deoiling: sample is put into temperature and is 85 DEG C~95 DEG C and removed by the degreasing fluid configured using metal detergent
15min~30min carries out ultrasonic cleaning oil removing in oil liquid；
(2) pickling/alkali cleaning: 15-25mLL is used-1HNO3Pickling solution reacts 1~3min or 35-45g at room temperature
L-1The alkali wash water of NaOH react 3~8min at room temperature, further clean Al alloy parts surface, later with deionized water into
Row is washed and is dried；
(3) chemical polishing: the Al-alloy products that step (2) obtains are impregnated in and have been heated to 80~90 DEG C of surface polishing
In liquid, surface polishing treatment is carried out, polishing process is aided with magnetic agitation, keeps 30s-300s at this temperature；
(4) neutralisation treatment: the aluminum products after taking out polishing are neutralized, and the content of each substance is in treatment fluid used
75-85g·L-1Citric acid, 15-25gL-1Oxalic acid, 240-260mLL-1Phosphoric acid and 4-6mLL-1Glycerol, treatment temperature are
80~85 DEG C, the neutralization time is 15~30s；Due to after lye polishes, the Surface Creation alkali compounds of sample, the compound
Color it is partially black and be difficult to wash away, therefore it need to be neutralized, to wash away atrament and improve the surface brightness of sample.
(5) it post-processes: the aluminum alloy specimen after neutralisation treatment being taken out and is washed, is dried.
Further, it is preferable to above-mentioned steps (4) neutralisation treatment: the content of each substance is 80gL in treatment fluid used-1Lemon
Lemon acid, 20gL-1Oxalic acid, 250mLL-1Phosphoric acid and 5mLL-1Glycerol.
Further, it is preferable to which magnetic stirring speed is 50-70rpm in above-mentioned steps (3).
Further, it is preferable to which polishing time is 60s-180s in above-mentioned steps (3).
When polish temperature is lower than 80 DEG C, aluminum alloy surface is faint in color after required polishing time length and polishing；Work as polishing
Aluminum alloy surface is easy to appear excessive erosion phenomenon when temperature is higher than 90 DEG C, and roughness is larger.And polish required time and polishing fluid
The concentration of each component is closely related.The too short aluminum alloy specimen oxide on surface of polishing time may not be able to be removed by alkaline etching completely,
Have an adverse effect to the performance and subsequent applications of product；Polishing time is too long, and there is only the risks of excessive erosion, increase sample
Surface roughness also results in weight-loss ratio increase, cost improves.
Of the invention is advantageous in that:
1, chemical polishing solution used in aluminum alloy surface polishing process of the present invention is low in cost, and property is stablized, conductive
Property is good, high-efficient, can be recycled for multiple times under the premise of supplementing mother liquor.
2, it joined magnetic abrasive in aluminum alloy surface polishing process of the present invention to be stirred, during the polishing process both
The floating powder of increasing material manufacturing aluminum alloy surface is eliminated, and reaction speed can be effectively controlled, prevents current mark from generating.
3, aluminum alloy surface polishing process of the present invention realizes that process is simple, applied widely, is not only applicable to shape
The increasing material manufacturing Al-alloy products of shape rule, to pipeline, inner hole or different-diameter inner flow passage Complex Aluminum Alloy product according to
It is old to be applicable in.Increasing material manufacturing Al-alloy products are surface-treated using this processing of surface polishing, aluminium alloy table is being effectively reduced
Sample weight-loss ratio is small under the premise of surface roughness, the aluminum alloy surface of available high quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of the surface topography before 2 increasing material manufacturing Al alloy parts of embodiment polish after pretreatment.
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of increasing material manufacturing aluminum alloy surface pattern after embodiment 2 polishes.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
It is 80mm to length, inner and outer diameter is respectively that the increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy tubular body of 15mm and 5mm carries out surface
Polishing treatment.
(1) electrochemical deoiling: for the concentration for using metal detergent to configure for 10% degreasing fluid, it is 85 that sample, which is put into temperature,
DEG C degreasing fluid in 30min carry out ultrasonic cleaning oil removing.
(2) pickling: 20mLL is used-1HNO3Pickling solution reacts 2min at room temperature and further cleans Al alloy parts
Surface is washed and is dried with deionized water later.
(3) polishing fluid: the content of each substance in configured polishing fluid are as follows: 120gL is configured-1Potassium hydroxide, 30gL-1Sodium acetate, 35gL-1Sodium thiosulfate, 15gL-1Potassium silicate, 7gL-1Magnetic abrasive and 5gL-1Sodium tripolyphosphate,
4g·L-1Stepanol MG and 5mLL-1The additive of glycerol composition.
(4) chemical polishing: the Al-alloy products after oil removing is cleaned, which are impregnated in, of the present invention has been heated to 80 DEG C
Surface polishing treatment is carried out in chemical polishing solution, the revolving speed that polishing process is aided with 70rpm carries out magnetic agitation, protects at this temperature
Hold 2min.
(5) neutralisation treatment: the aluminum products after taking out polishing are neutralized, and treatment fluid used is by 80gL-1Citric acid,
20g·L-1Oxalic acid, 250mLL-1Phosphoric acid, 5mLL-1Glycerol, treatment temperature are 80 DEG C, and the neutralization time is 20s
(6) it post-processes: the aluminum alloy specimen after neutralisation treatment being taken out and is washed, is dried.
Roughness is obviously reduced after aluminum alloy surface polishing treatment, weightless less.Surface roughness is down to from 15.696 μm
6.483 μm, sample weight-loss ratio is 7.539%.
Embodiment 2
The spherical increasing material manufacturing Al-alloy products that diameter is the 25mm inner flow passage of diameter containing 3mm are carried out at surface polishing
Reason.
(1) electrochemical deoiling: for the concentration for using metal detergent to configure for 10% degreasing fluid, it is 90 that sample, which is put into temperature,
DEG C degreasing fluid in 25min carry out ultrasonic cleaning oil removing.
(2) pickling: 20mLL is used-1HNO3Pickling solution reacts 3min at room temperature and further cleans Al alloy parts
Surface is washed and is dried with deionized water later.
(3) polishing fluid is configured: by 135gL-1Potassium hydroxide, 55gL-1Sodium acetate, 30gL-1Sodium thiosulfate,
25g·L-1Potassium silicate, 5gL-1Magnetic abrasive and 10gL-1Sodium tripolyphosphate, 7gL-1Stepanol MG and 5mL
L-1The additives of glycerol composition mix in proportion, and carry out magnetic agitation, are configured to polishing fluid.
(4) chemical polishing: the Al-alloy products after oil removing is cleaned, which are impregnated in, of the present invention has been heated to 85 DEG C
Surface polishing treatment is carried out in chemical polishing solution, the revolving speed that polishing process is aided with 60rpm carries out magnetic agitation, protects at this temperature
Hold 1min.
(5) neutralisation treatment: the aluminum products after taking out polishing are neutralized, and treatment fluid used is by 80gL-1Citric acid,
20g·L-1Oxalic acid, 250mLL-1Phosphoric acid, 5mLL-1Glycerol, treatment temperature are 80~85 DEG C, and the neutralization time is 25s.
(6) it post-processes: the aluminum alloy specimen after neutralisation treatment being taken out and is washed, is dried.
Roughness is obviously reduced after aluminum alloy surface polishing treatment, weightless less.Surface roughness is down to from 14.893 μm
6.067 μm, sample weight-loss ratio is 7.019%.
Embodiment 3
Surface throwing is carried out to the increasing material manufacturing Al-alloy products containing grid that length is respectively 70mm, 20mm and 15mm
Light processing.
(1) electrochemical deoiling: for the concentration for using metal detergent to configure for 10% degreasing fluid, it is 95 that sample, which is put into temperature,
DEG C degreasing fluid in 15min carry out ultrasonic cleaning oil removing.
(2) alkali cleaning: 40gL is used-1The alkali wash water of NaOH react 6min at room temperature, further clean aluminium alloy work
Part surface is washed and is dried with deionized water later.
(3) polishing fluid is configured: by 105gL-1Potassium hydroxide, 40gL-1Sodium acetate, 25gL-1Sodium thiosulfate,
28g·L-1Potassium silicate, 10gL-1Magnetic abrasive and 7.5gL-1Sodium tripolyphosphate, 3.5gL-1Stepanol MG and
6.5mL·L-1The additives of glycerol composition mix in proportion, and carry out magnetic agitation, are configured to polishing fluid.
(4) chemical polishing: the Al-alloy products after oil removing is cleaned, which are impregnated in, of the present invention has been heated to 90 DEG C
Surface polishing treatment is carried out in chemical polishing solution, the revolving speed that polishing process is aided with 50rpm carries out magnetic agitation, protects at this temperature
Hold 3min.
(5) neutralisation treatment: the aluminum products after taking out polishing are neutralized, and treatment fluid used is by 80gL-1Citric acid,
20g·L-1Oxalic acid, 250mLL-1Phosphoric acid, 5mLL-1Glycerol, treatment temperature are 82 DEG C, and the neutralization time is 25s.
(6) it post-processes: the aluminum alloy specimen after neutralisation treatment being taken out and is washed, is dried.
Roughness is obviously reduced after aluminum alloy surface polishing treatment, weightless less.Surface roughness is down to from 19.837 μm
8.682 μm, sample weight-loss ratio is 7.685%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of surface polishing liquid of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy, which is characterized in that the content of each substance in the polishing fluid are as follows: 100-
150g·L-1Potassium hydroxide, 20-60gL-1Sodium acetate, 20-40gL-1Sodium thiosulfate, 15-30gL-1Potassium silicate, 5-
10g·L-1Magnetic abrasive and additive；The content of the additive each substance in the polishing fluid are as follows: 5-10gL-1Trimerization phosphorus
Sour sodium, 3-8gL-1Stepanol MG or 5-10mLL-1One or more of glycerol.
2. a kind of surface polishing liquid of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute in polishing fluid
State magnetic abrasive be Al-Ni-Co series permanent-magnet alloy, siderochrome cobalt system permanent-magnet alloy, permanent-magnet ferrite, rare earth permanent-magnetic material or it is compound forever
One of magnetic material.
3. carrying out the processing of surface polishing of increasing material manufacturing aluminium alloy using surface polishing liquid described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
The following steps are included:
(1) electrochemical deoiling: sample is put into the degreasing fluid that temperature is 85 DEG C~95 DEG C by the degreasing fluid configured using metal detergent
Middle 15min~30min carries out ultrasonic cleaning oil removing；
(2) pickling/alkali cleaning: 15-25mLL is used-1HNO3Pickling solution reacts 1~3min or 35-45gL at room temperature-1's
The alkali wash water of NaOH reacts 3~8min at room temperature, further cleans Al alloy parts surface, carries out water with deionized water later
It washes and dries；
(3) chemical polishing: the Al-alloy products that step (2) obtains are impregnated in and have been heated to 80~90 DEG C of surface polishing liquid
In, surface polishing treatment is carried out, polishing process is aided with magnetic agitation, polishes 30s-300s at this temperature；
(4) neutralisation treatment: the aluminum products after taking out polishing are neutralized, and the content of each substance is 75- in treatment fluid used
85g·L-1Citric acid, 15-25gL-1Oxalic acid, 240-260mLL-1Phosphoric acid and 4-6mLL-1Glycerol, treatment temperature be 80~
85 DEG C, the neutralization time is 15~30s；
(5) it post-processes: the aluminum alloy specimen after neutralisation treatment being taken out and is washed, is dried.
4. processing of surface polishing according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (4) neutralisation treatment: in treatment fluid used
The content of each substance is 80gL-1Citric acid, 20gL-1Oxalic acid, 250mLL-1Phosphoric acid and 5mLL-1Glycerol.
5. processing of surface polishing according to claim 3, which is characterized in that magnetic stirring speed is 50- in step (3)
70rpm。
6. processing of surface polishing according to claim 3, which is characterized in that polishing time is 30s-300s in step (3).
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| CN114108065A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-03-01 | 左毛毛 | Aluminum alloy processing technology |
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