CN110093043B - 一种沥青降粘剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种沥青降粘剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种沥青降粘剂及其制备方法和应用。本发明的沥青降粘剂,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:发泡剂4‑8%、引发剂5‑10%、溶剂8‑15%、抗剥落剂4‑8%、分散剂5‑10%、抗老化剂55‑70%。沥青降粘剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:S1.将抗老化剂预热;S2.将预热后的抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂按顺序依次加入剪切乳化机中,剪切、搅拌均匀,得到沥青降粘剂。沥青降粘剂的应用,该应用为:所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用。所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用包括以下步骤:S01.将改性沥青预热;S02.将沥青降粘剂加入到预热后的改性沥青中,剪切、搅拌均匀,并发育,得到降粘改性沥青。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及道路工程技术领域,特别是涉及一种沥青降粘剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
近年来,随着交通量加大,重载车数量增多,车流量不断攀升,改性沥青的使用比例不断上升,包括高模量高粘等特种沥青的应用越来越普遍。从而使得沥青混合料的拌合及摊铺温度越来越高,一般要求160-180℃,消耗能量及产生大量废气体。因此,研究新型沥青降粘技术,降低拌合温度,减少能耗和废气体的排放,具有非常好的潜在市场价值,且符合技术发展趋势。
专利号为CN108299790A的中国发明专利公开了一种改性沥青降粘剂及其制备方法,其改性沥青降粘剂采用聚丙烯酸酯、氨基树脂、二十烷酸、硬脂酸、卡洛胺、沸石粉、表面活性剂、合成石蜡和相容剂等,其成分复杂,成本高、制备工艺复杂。
专利号为CN107057385A的中国发明专利公开了一种沥青降粘剂及其制备方法以及应用,其沥青降粘剂采用硬脂酸、聚丙烯酸酯、卡洛胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚制备沥青降粘剂,具有较好的效果,但只在重交沥青中表现较好。
专利号为CN104559234B的中国发明专利公开了一种沥青降粘剂及沥青组合物,其采用聚乙烯蜡、聚丙烯酸酯、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、卡洛胺等组成,其成分复杂。目前,对改性沥青的降粘技术的研究尚少。
发明内容
基于此,本发明的目的在于,提供一种沥青降粘剂及其制备方法和应用。
本发明的沥青降粘剂,按重量百分比计,包括以下组分:
本发明采用抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂和发泡剂,制备出一种可降低改性沥青粘度的沥青降粘剂。
进一步优选地,所述发泡剂包括聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、十二烷基硫酸钠、碳酸氢钠的一种或多种;
所述引发剂包括过氧化合物引发剂和/或偶氮类引发剂。
进一步优选地,所述溶剂包括汽油、煤油、柴油的一种或多种;
所述抗剥落剂包括无机硅酸盐水泥或有机类表面活性剂。
进一步优选地,所述分散剂包括固体蜡、硬质酸盐、硬脂酸的一种或多种。
进一步优选地,所述抗老化剂包括混合油和芳烃油;
其中,所述芳烃油的质量/所述抗老化剂的总质量≥40%;
按质量份数计,所述混合油包括以下成分:
废弃油脂 1-2份
病死家禽牲畜提炼的生物油 1-2份。
本发明的沥青降粘剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将抗老化剂预热;
S2.将预热后的抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂按顺序依次加入剪切乳化机中,剪切、搅拌均匀,得到沥青降粘剂。
本发明的沥青降粘剂制备方法简单,易推广应用。
进一步优选地,所述步骤S1中,将抗老化剂预热,预热温度为100-120℃,保持时间为30-120min;
所述步骤S2中,将预热后的抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂按顺序依次加入剪切乳化机中,剪切、搅拌均匀,得到沥青降粘剂,其中,所述剪切乳化机中温度为100-120℃,剪切速度为200-800r/min,剪切时间 30-120min。
本发明还进一步提供了上述任一项所述的沥青降粘剂的应用,该应用为:所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用。
进一步优选地,所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用包括以下步骤:
S01.将改性沥青预热;
S02.将沥青降粘剂加入到预热后的改性沥青中,剪切、搅拌均匀,并发育,得到降粘改性沥青。
进一步优选地,所述S01中,将改性沥青预热,预热温度为170-180℃,保持时间为30-120min;
所述S02中,将沥青降粘剂加入到预热后的改性沥青中,剪切、搅拌均匀,并发育,得到降粘改性沥青,其中,剪切、搅拌的温度为170-180℃,剪切速度为500-2500r/min,剪切时间30-120min,发育时间为100-140min。
相对于现有技术,本发明采用抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂和发泡剂,制备出一种可降低改性沥青粘度的沥青降粘剂,其制备方法及应用简单,成本低,易推广应用,同时符合技术发展趋势,可推广应用到沥青改性厂及沥青使用单位等。
具体实施方式
以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反,它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的方法的例子。
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的,而非旨在限制本公开。在本公开和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式,除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。还应当理解,本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
本发明的沥青降粘剂提供了七个实施例,七个实施例的各组分均按重量百分比计,列表如下:
序号 | 发泡剂 | 引发剂 | 溶剂 | 抗剥落剂 | 分散剂 | 抗老化剂 | 合计 |
实施例一 | 6% | 5% | 8% | 8% | 10% | 63% | 100% |
实施例二 | 6% | 5% | 15% | 8% | 5% | 61% | 100% |
实施例三 | 8% | 5% | 8% | 8% | 10% | 61% | 100% |
实施例四 | 4% | 10% | 15% | 4% | 10% | 57% | 100% |
实施例五 | 4% | 10% | 8% | 4% | 5% | 69% | 100% |
实施例六 | 5% | 6% | 9% | 5% | 5% | 70% | 100% |
实施例七 | 8% | 9% | 13% | 7% | 8% | 55% | 100% |
其中,所述发泡剂包括聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、十二烷基硫酸钠、碳酸氢钠的一种或多种,优先碳酸氢钠,使用过程中起到分散和润滑效果,降低粘度。
所述引发剂包括过氧化合物引发剂和/或偶氮类引发剂。优选过氧化合物引发剂,具体为2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧基)-己烷,其要求为:闪点35-90℃,分解温度≥160℃。
所述溶剂包括汽油、煤油、柴油的一种或多种,优选柴油。
所述抗剥落剂包括无机硅酸盐水泥或有机类表面活性剂,优选有机类表面活性剂,具体为非胺类化合物。
所述分散剂包括固体蜡、硬质酸盐、硬脂酸的一种或多种,优选熔点为 50-85℃的固体石蜡。
所述抗老化剂包括混合油和芳烃油;
其中,所述芳烃油的质量/所述抗老化剂的总质量≥40%;
按质量份数计,所述混合油包括以下成分:
废弃油脂 1-2份
病死家禽牲畜提炼的生物油 1-2份。
需要说明的是,本申请中的所述废弃油脂为俗称的“地沟油”。
使用废弃油脂和病死家禽牲畜提炼的生物油作为混合油的原料,将废物回收利用,绿色环保,且降低生产成本。
实施例一的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例二的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例三的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例四的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例五的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例六的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例七的沥青降粘剂的具体成分列表如下:
实施例一至实施例七的沥青降粘剂制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.将抗老化剂预热。
优选地,预热温度为100-120℃,保持时间为30-120min。
S2.将预热后的抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂按顺序依次加入剪切乳化机中,剪切、搅拌均匀,得到沥青降粘剂。
优选地,所述剪切乳化机中温度为100-120℃,剪切速度为200-800r/min,剪切时间30-120min。
本发明的沥青降粘剂的应用,该应用为:所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用。
所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用包括以下步骤:
S01.将改性沥青预热。
优选地,预热温度为170-180℃,保持时间为30-120min。
S02.将沥青降粘剂加入到预热后的改性沥青中,剪切、搅拌均匀,并发育,得到降粘改性沥青。
优选地,剪切、搅拌的温度为170-180℃,剪切速度为500-2500r/min,剪切时间30-120min,发育时间为100-140min,优选发育时间为120min。
为了验证所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用,选用I-D级改性沥青作为对比例,并将实施例一至实施例七的沥青降粘剂分别使用上述应用步骤应用在I-D级改性沥青中得到降粘改性沥青以形成七个试验例,其中,按重量百分比计,沥青降粘剂与I-D级改性沥青分别为8%和92%。七个试验例的应用步骤中的上述预热温度,保持时间,剪切、搅拌温度,剪切速度,剪切时间和发育时间均相同。
将七个试验例和对比例采用Brookfield粘度仪测试135℃粘度,进行性能指标对比,列表如下:
由上表可知,添加本发明的沥青降粘剂后,I-D级改性沥青的粘度降幅在 15-40%,降粘改善效果非常明显。另外,试验例四的运动粘度最小,说明实施例四的沥青降粘剂的降粘效果最好,实施例四为沥青降粘剂的最佳实施例,适合作为优选实施方式推广应用。
相对于现有技术,本发明采用抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂,制备出一种可降低改性沥青粘度的沥青降粘剂,其制备方法及应用简单,成本低,易推广应用,同时符合技术发展趋势,可推广应用到沥青改性厂及沥青使用单位等。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述的沥青降粘剂,其特征在于:所述芳烃油的质量/所述抗老化剂的总质量≥40%;
按质量份数计,所述混合油包括以下成分:
废弃油脂 1-2份
病死家禽牲畜提炼的生物油 1-2份。
3.一种沥青降粘剂制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1.将抗老化剂预热;
S2.将预热后的抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂按顺序依次加入剪切乳化机中,剪切、搅拌均匀,得到沥青降粘剂;
其中,所述发泡剂包括聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、偶氮二甲酰胺、十二烷基硫酸钠、碳酸氢钠的一种或多种;
所述引发剂包括过氧化合物引发剂和/或偶氮类引发剂;
所述溶剂包括汽油、煤油、柴油的一种或多种;
所述抗剥落剂包括无机硅酸盐水泥或有机类表面活性剂;
所述分散剂包括固体蜡、硬质酸盐、硬脂酸的一种或多种;
所述抗老化剂包括混合油和芳烃油。
4.根据权利要求3所述的沥青降粘剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S1中,将抗老化剂预热,预热温度为100-120℃,保持时间为30-120min;
所述步骤S2中,将预热后的抗老化剂、分散剂、抗剥落剂、溶剂、引发剂、发泡剂按顺序依次加入剪切乳化机中,剪切、搅拌均匀,得到沥青降粘剂,其中,所述剪切乳化机中温度为100-120℃,剪切速度为200-800r/min,剪切时间30-120min。
5.权利要求1-2任一项所述的沥青降粘剂的应用,其特征在于,该应用为:所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的沥青降粘剂的应用,其特征在于,所述沥青降粘剂在改性沥青的应用包括以下步骤:
S01.将改性沥青预热;
S02.将沥青降粘剂加入到预热后的改性沥青中,剪切、搅拌均匀,并发育,得到降粘改性沥青。
7.根据权利要求6所述的沥青降粘剂的应用,其特征在于:所述S01中,将改性沥青预热,预热温度为170-180℃,保持时间为30-120min;
所述S02中,将沥青降粘剂加入到预热后的改性沥青中,剪切、搅拌均匀,并发育,得到降粘改性沥青,其中,剪切、搅拌的温度为170-180℃,剪切速度为500-2500r/min,剪切时间30-120min,发育时间为100-140min。
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